
Class 

Book 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 



REPORT 

OF THE 

Mississippi Historical Commission 

Publications, Volume V. 






PUBLICATIONS 



-OF- 



THE MISSISSIPPI 

HISTORICAL SOCIETY 



Edited by 
FRANKLIN L. RILEY 

Secretary 



Vol. V. 



Oxford, Mississippi 

Printed for the; Society 

1902 



JiArN^JO 



THE LIBRARY OF 
CONGRESS, 

Two Copies Received 

APR 14 1903 

Copyright tntry 

CLASS °^ XXc. No 

COPY B. 



Copyrighted, 1902 
By The Mississippi Historical Society 



Neither the Editor nor the Society assumes any responsibility 
for the opinions or statements of contributors 



"&> 



■ 



PRESS OB" 

H-ARRXSBTJRG PtJBLISHIlfO OOMPANT 

HAKBI8BUHG, PA. 



PREFACE. 



This Report represents in part the results of the first system- 
atic efforts that have ever been made to take an inventory of 
the historical materials which relate to Mississippi. It has been 
prepared and published by the Mississippi Historical Commis- 
sion under the authority of the Legislature of the State. In 
the performance of the arduous duties involved in the prepara- 
tion of the Report the members of the Commission have been 
guided by the instructions contained in the legislative act under 
which they were appointed. This act imposed upon them the 
duty of making, "without expense to the State for their labor, 
a full, detailed, and exhaustive examination" of all the undevel- 
oped materials relating to the history and antiquities of the 
State, and of embodying the results of the examination in a 
detailed report to the Legislature, with an account of "the con- 
dition of historical work in the State and with such recommen- 
dations as may be desirable." 

The difficulties that confronted the Commission in its labors 
were many and serious. In the first place, the people of the 
State for more than a century have been almost entirely negli- 
gent in the duty which they owed to themselves to preserve 
their vast wealth of historical materials. During this time lit- 
tle has been done toward locating the many valuable sources 
of State history and nothing at all toward putting the results of 
such investigations in permanent and systematic form for pub- 
lic use. Besides encountering all the difficulties incident to a 
pioneer enterprise, too long delayed, the Commission was con- 
fronted by other obstacles no less serious, — the indifference of 
officials and of private persons having control of historical ma- 
terials, the lack of time and facilities for personal investigations, 
and numerous other difficulties which will be seen by a perusal 
of the Report. In justice to those who have prepared this Re- 
port it is deemed necessary to call attention in this connection 
to the fact that the recent loss sustained by the Commission 

(5) 



in the death of one of its members (Col. J. L. Power) and in the 
resignation of another (Mr. Gerard Brandon), as the materials 
were being prepared for the press, has greatly increased the 
duties of the remaining members and has necessitated the pre- 
sentation of parts of the Report in more or less fragmentary 
form. 

It is believed that this Report will be generally regarded as a 
valuable contribution to the history of the State. It is also 
hoped that it will serve to show the importance of prompt legis- 
lative action, looking toward the collection and preservation of 
the valuable materials which will be otherwise lost to posterity. 
No stronger argument is needed in defence of such a policy 
than the large number of valuable materials, herein mentioned, 
which have been "lost" or "destroyed." In many cases the 
losses are irreparable. 

The Commission acknowledges with pleasure its obligation 
to the daily and weekly press and to the large number of per- 
sons in this and in other States, for their co-operation which 
has brought to its members facts that appear on almost every 
page of this Report. Mr. Peter J. Hamilton, of Mobile, Ala., 
Mr. Thomas M. Owen, of Montgomery, Ala., and Mr. H. S. 
Halbert, of Lucile, Miss, have also kindly aided the Commis- 
sion by making valuable contributions on special topics. 

F. L. R. 

University, Miss., Nov. I, 1901. 



(6) 



ACT CREATING THE MISSISSIPPI HISTORICAL 
COMMISSION. 



An Act to authorize the appointment of a history commis- 
sion to regulate the powers and duties thereof and to make 
an appropriation to aid the Mississippi Historical Society 
in printing its publications. 

Section i. Be it enacted by the legislature of the State of 
Mississippi, That the president of the Mississippi Historical 
Society is hereby directed and empowered to appoint five per- 
sons from the present active membership of said society, who 
shall constitute a Mississippi History Commission, whose duty 
it shall be, under such rules and plan of procedure as it may 
adopt, and without expense to the State for their labor, to make 
a full, detailed and exhaustive examination of all sources and 
materials, manuscript, documentary and record, of the history 
of Mississippi from the earliest times, whether in the State or 
elsewhere, including the records of Mississippi troops in all 
wars in which they have participated, and also of the location 
and present condition of battlefields, historic houses and build- 
ings; and other places and things of historic interest and im- 
portance in the State, and said commission shall embody the 
results of said examination in a detailed report to the next en- 
suing session of the legislature with an account of the then 
condition of historic work in the State and with such recom- 
mendations as may be desirable. 

Section 2. That there be and the same is hereby appropri- 
ated from any moneys in the State treasury not otherwise ap- 
propriated the sum of one thousand dollars annually for 1900 
and 1901 to aid the Mississippi Historical Society in the print- 
ing of its publications, including the report of the historical 
commission as herein provided, and the auditor is hereby au- 
thorized and directed to draw his warrant for said sum on ap- 
plication of the treasurer of said society, when approved by the 
Governor of the State. 

Section 3. That this act take effect and be in force from 
and after its passage. 

Approved March 2, 1900. 



(7) 



CONTENTS. 



Preface, 3 

Act Creating the Mississippi Historical Commission, 5 

Contents, 7 

I. Administrative Report to the Governor, by The Commission, ... n 
II. An Account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents Pertaining to 
Mississippi in Public Repositories beyond the State. 
Section i. Foreign Archives, by Peter J. Hamilton, Esq. , .... 51 

Section 2. Federal Archives, by Thomas M. Owen, Esq., 64 

Section 3. State Archives, by Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., .... 70 
Section 4. libraries and Societies, by Prof. James M. White, . . 75 

III. An Account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents in Public Re- 

positories within the State of Mississippi. 

Section 1. State Officers, by Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., 121 

Section 2. County Offices, by Prof. James M. White and Franklin 

L. Riley, Ph. D., 136 

Section 3. Municipal Officers, by Prof . James M. White and Frank- 
lin L. Riley, Ph. D., . . 140 

Section 4. Federal Offices, by Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., .... 148 

Section 5. Educational Institutions, 156 

Section 6. Church Organizations, 156 

Section 7. Professional, Literary, and Industrial Organizations, by 

Prof. James M. White, 156 

Section 8. Benevolent and Miscellaneous Associations, 169 

Section 9. libraries and Societies, by Prof. James M. White and 

Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., 169 

IV. An Account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents in Private Hands. 
Section 1. Papers of Prominent Mississippians, by Prof. James M. 

White, 231 

Section 2. Private Collectors and Students, by Franklin L. Riley, 

Ph. D., .269 

Section 3. Newspapers, by Prof. James M. White 287 

Section 4. War Records, by Franklin L. Riley, Ph. D., 290 

V. Aboriginal and Indian History. 

Section 1. Published Accounts of Prehistoric Remains, by Mr. H. 

S. Haider t and Capt. A. J. Brown, 297 

Section 2. Small Indian Tribes of Mississippi, by Mr. H. S. Halbert, 302 
VI. Points and Places of Historic Interest in Mississippi. 

Section 1. Extinct Towns and Villages of Mississippi, by Franklin 

L. Riley, Ph. D., 311 

Section 2. Battlefields, 384 

Index, 387 

(9) 



ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT TO THE 
GOVERNOR. 



By the Commission 



To His Excellency, 

The Governor of Mississippi, 

Jackson, Miss. 

Sir: — In accordance with an act of the Legislature, the un- 
dersigned members of the Mississippi Historical Commission 
have the honor to submit to your excellency a report of the 
results of their examination into the materials relating to the 
history of the State from the earliest times, "including the rec- 
ords of Mississippi troops in all wars in which they have par- 
ticipated," and the location and present appearance of "battle- 
fields, historic houses and buildings, and other places and 
things of historic interest and importance in the State," with an 
account of the "condition of historical work in the State," and 
with such recommendations as may be deemed advisable for. 
promoting the interests of State history and for collecting, pre- 
serving, and perpetuating facts and records relative thereto. 

Acting under the authority of the above mentioned statute, 
Gen. Stephen D. Lee, President of the Mississippi Historical 
Society, issued in the latter part of July, 1900, a circular letter, 
in which he formally announced the membership of the Histor- 
ical Commission and appealed to the public for aid in the prose- 
cution of this work. The communication reads as follows: 

"To The Public: 

"The Legislature of Mississippi, by an act approved March 
2d, 1900, authorized the appointment of a Historical Commis- 
sion of five members, 'whose duty it shall be, under such rules, 
regulations, and plan of procedure as it may adopt, and without 
expense to the State for their labor, to make a full, detailed, 
and exhaustive examination of all sources and materials, manu- 
script, documentary, and record, of the history of Mississippi, 
from the earliest times, whether in the State or elsewhere/ 
This includes 'the records of Mississippi troops in all wars in 
which they have participated, and also the location and present 
condition of battlefields, historic houses and buildings, and 
other places and things of historic interest and importance in 
the State.' The act also provides that the results of these in- 
vestigations shall be embodied in a 'detailed report to the next 
session of the Legislature with an account of the then condi- 
tion of historical work in the State.' 



12 Mississippi Historical Society. 

''This act, so important to the best interests of Mississippi, 
was the result of a widespread sentiment on the part of the 
people of the State in favor of preserving and perpetuating 
the sources of their history, many of which are being lost with- 
out any hope of recovery. The report is intended to convey 
fully and in detail, what historical materials are still in exist- 
ence and WHERE they may be found, with such other informa- 
tion about their condition, accessibility, subject matter, etc., as 
will form a basis for further legislative action on the subject. 

"Under the authority of this act I have appointed the fol- 
lowing gentlemen as commissioners to discharge this arduous 
'labor of love' for the State: Dr. Franklin L. Riley, Univer- 
sity of Mississippi, Chairman; Col. J. L. Power, Jackson, Mis- 
sissippi; Bishop Chas. B. Galloway, Jackson, Mississippi; Hon. 
Gerard C. Brandon, Natchez, Mississippi ; and Hon. P. K. May- 
ers, Pascagoula, Mississippi. 

"These gentlemen have entered upon the discharge of their 
duties with a full sense of the importance as well as the patriotic 
character of the task assigned to them. In order to give effi- 
ciency to their efforts, I now appeal with confidence to the 
public press and to Mississippians and investigators every- 
where for aid and co-operation in this great work. The dili- 
gence and zeal of the commissioners will be of little avail in 
the discharge of their laborious duties, unless they meet with 
prompt assistance from those who have information bearing 
upon the history of the State. 

"There are individuals in every part of Mississippi and in 
other States who have knowledge of facts that would be ac- 
ceptable in this connection. There are thousands of half- 
faded manuscripts and mutilated publications, — old letters, pa- 
pers, diaries, muster rolls, journals, notes, maps, books, etc., — 
that would throw new light upon many of the dark places in 
our history and give a coloring to important facts which have 
faded out of the public mind. In the cellars, garrets, or old 
trunks in the homes of participants, or their descendants, in the 
various wars in which the people of Mississippi have taken 
part, there still remain, half forgotten, perhaps, many valuable 
papers and relics of these struggles. The descendants of the 
early settlers of the State will, doubtless, find in some obscure 
corner of the old homestead many valuable historical materials 
that will amply reward their research. To all such I appeal 
with an earnestness begotten of the pressing needs of this great 
work undertaken by the Mississippi Historical Commission. 
By all means institute a close search without delay and report 
results to any member of the Commission, giving the location, 
extent, and present ownership of all such materials of which 
you may have any knowledge, or which may come within the 
range of your inquiry. If the owners will consent to give them 



Address to the Public. 13 

J 

to the State Historical Society to be placed in its archives for 
preservation and for the use of future investigators, please no- 
tify the Chairman of the Commission of the same. I also be- 
speak for the Commission the aid and co-operation of the 
press of Mississippi, which is ever ready to respond to all ef- 
forts to advance the honor and glory of the State. 

"Mississippi, in common with the other Southern States, is 
entering upon a great historical renaissance and the people of 
the South are beginning to realize as never before that 'there 
is nothing wrong with our history, but in the writing of it.' 
The purpose of the State Legislature and of the Historical So- 
ciety in the creation and appointment of this Commission, is to 
provide the most effective means for the correction of this de- 
fect. 

"Correspondence should be directed to the Chairman or to 
any member of the Commission. 

"With a sincere desire and a confident hope that this great 
work will redound to the honor of Mississippi, I am, 
"Very Respectfully, 

Stephen D. LEE, 
President of the Mississippi Historical Society." 

Capt. P. K. Mayers and Mr. Gerard Brandon subsequently 
resigned and were succeeded by Prof. J. M. White, of the 
Agricultural and Mechanical College of Mississippi, and by 
Rev. T. L. Mellen, of Forest, Mississippi. ' 

After arranging the preliminary details of the work, as far as 
practicable, by means of correspondence with the members, 
the Chairman announced the time and place of meeting of the 
Commission for the purpose of perfecting the arrangements for 
systematic work. This meeting was held in the State Library, 
in the city of Jackson, on October 17, 1900, beginning at 9:30 
a. m. Bishop Chas. B. Galloway, Col. J. L. Power and Frank- 
lin L. Riley were the only members in attendance. Realizing 
that the successful prosecution of the arduous duties assigned 
to the Commission would depend largely upon the cooperation 
of the public, the members spent much time in discussing in an 
informal way the merits of the different plans of procedure that 
were suggested. It was finally agreed, among other things, to 
recommend the appointment of associate members by the 
President of the Society, upon the recommendation of the 
members of the Commission from time to time as the work 
progressed. The Chairman then submitted for the considera- 
tion of the Commission a Tentative Outline of work, similar to 



14 Mississippi Historical Society. 

that which was then being used by the Alabama History Com- 
mission in the prosecution of its work. Every part of this out- 
line was carefully considered and a few changes were inserted 
therein. The Commission then adopted the outline as amended 
and apportioned among its members the subjects upon which 
each would be expected to compile his part of the Report. The 
Chairman was given authority to invite prominent investigators 
to aid in the work by preparing reports on topics to which they 
have devoted especial attention. 

The outline which was adopted reads as follows : 

Tentative Outline oe the Report oe the Mississippi 
Historical Commission. 

Formal Report to the Governor. (With recommendations.) 

Part I. An account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents 

pertaining to Mississippi in Official Repositories 

beyond the State. 

i. Foreign Offices: (a) British Archives; (b) French 

Archives ; and (c) Spanish Archives. 

2. Federal Offices: (a) War Department; (b) State 
Department; (c) Wavy Department; (d) Interior 
Department (Patent Office, Land Office, Indian 
Affairs, Bureau of Education, etc.) ; (e) Treasury 
Department; (f) Post Office Department; (g) De- 
partment of Justice (including accounts of noted 
trials, etc.) ; (h) and Offices of the Clerk of the H. 
of R. and of the Secretary of the Senate. 

3. Other States : (a) Tennessee ; (b) Louisiana ; (c) 

Alabama; (d) Wisconsin; (e) Texas, etc. 
Part II. An_ account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents 
in Official Repositories within the State of Missis- 
sippi. 

1. Executive Offices: (a) Governor; (b) Secretary of 
State; (c) Auditor; (d) Treasurer; (e) Superinten- 
dent of Education; (f) Board of Health; (g) Attor- 
ney General; (h) Land Commissioner; (i) Railroad 
Commission; (j) Clerk of Supreme Court; (k) Ad- 
jutant General; (1) Board of Control of State Con- 
victs ; (m) Internal Revenue Agent. 

2. County Offices: (To include descriptions of all 

County Records.) 

3. Municipalities : (To include an account of the muni- 

cipal records of the principal towns, as Natchez, 
Vicksburg, Jackson, Meridian, etc.) 

4. Educational Institutions : (To include an account of 



Tenative Outline of Report. 15 

the source material for a history of primary educa- 
tion, and of the records, etc., of the University, the 
A. & M. College, the I. I. & C, Mississippi College, 
Millsaps College, etc.) 

5. Church Organizations: (To include an account of 
the records of the different denominations and of 
individual churches.) 

6. Benevolent Institutions: (To include general Ma- 
sonic records, Temperance Societies, etc.) 

7. Industrial Organizations : (To include an account o£ 

the available records of Factories, Granges, Stock 
Growers' Associations, Farmers' Alliances, Fairs,, 
Railroads, etc.) 

Part III. An account of Manuscripts, Papers, and Documents 
in Private Hands: 1. Literary Remains of Public 
Characters ; 2. Libraries and Societies ; 3. Books 
and Pamphlets written by Mississippians ; 4. Pri- 
vate Collectors and Students. (To include an ac- 
count of the collections made by Claiborne, Dra- 
per, etc.) ; 5. Collections of Newspapers ; 6. The 
Negro in Mississippi as Slave and Citizen ; 7. Early 
Transportation by River and Road. 

Part IV. War Records of Mississippi: (To comprise accounts 
of Mississippi war records in the office of the U. S. 
Secretary of War and the Adj. Gen. of the State, 
and in Private Hands). 

Part V. Aboriginal and Indian Remains, etc: 1. Prehistoric 
Works ; 2. Indian Tribal Boundaries ; 3. Tribal 
Territorial Subdivisions ; 4. Towns and Villages ; 
5. Trails and Roads. 

Part VI. Points and Places of Historical Interest in Missis- 
sippi: 1. Forts and Stockades; 2. Battle Fields; 3. 
Historic Houses and Relics ; 4. Historic Places not 
Otherwise Classified (such as the dead towns of 
Mississippi) ; 5. Places of Birth and Interment of 
Persons Prominent in Mississippi History; 6. 
Scenes in Mississippi History and portraits or like- 
nesses of eminent Mississippians. 

The work of the Commission having been apportioned 
among its different members, they then entered upon the dis- 
charge of their respective duties. The following extracts from 
a letter, written by the Chairman of the Commission to those 
members who were not present at the meeting, will give a fur- 
ther idea of the way in which the work was conducted : 

"In assigning work we were governed by the opportunities 
2 



1 6 Mississippi Historical Society. 

each member would have for doing work in the different lines 
of investigation; also by the subjects in which each would 
probably be most interested. In your absence we tried to suit 
you, and I think succeeded in our assignment of congenial 
work. Of course, each member will note facts outside of his 
particular field, and from time to. time submit them to the mem- 
bers to whom they belong. The enclosed outline will explain 
what is meant by the above. 

"You doubtless understand that the design of the act creat- 
ing the Commission was to secure data as to the sources and 
materials, 'manuscript, documentary and record, of the history 
of Mississippi from the earliest times,' upon which data intelli- 
gent legislative action may be predicated for fostering histori- 
cal interest and for preserving the records, archives, and history 
of the State. So you see, our duty has been limited to the loca- 
tion of existing historical materials, with notes on their prob- 
able historical value, accessibility, extent, etc. Our Report is 
not intended to give any extracts from documents in extenso. 
You will note that the outline has been arranged with reference 
to the places of deposit of the materials. The committee 
adopted this plan as the most useful and logical. With a Re- 
port that gives a full account of collections according to loca- 
tion and an index that brings everything together according 
to subject-matter, we think that our work will be as complete 
as possible. No special effort will be made to get possession 
of the materials that come under the range of our investiga- 
tions, but of course all materials secured will come to the Mis- 
sissippi Historical Societ}. The facts contained in our Report 
will relate principally to the existence of materials. If the re- 
sults of our investigations will justify such a procedure, we can 
in our recommendations to the Legislature include the publi- 
cation of a full set of State Archives in several volumes that will 
serve as sources for the future historians and investigators of 
the State. 

"The Commission also decided to request the President of 
the Society, Gen. Stephen D. Lee, of Columbus, to appoint 
such associate members of the Commission as we may need to 
help us in our work in different parts of the State. Hence if 
you desire the aid of any parties, you will write to the General, 
giving their addresses, and requesting that he appoint them 
associate members of the Commission. 

"This includes all of the matters settled upon by the Com- 
mission except one, which I was about to omit. We decided 
to confine the Report to manuscripts and all ephemeral publi- 
cations (newspapers, pamphlets, etc.), and to very old and rare- 
books — such as would be needed to make extracts from in 
order to get up a complete set of State Archives. We want to 
finish our work by Nov. I, 1901, if possible." 



Present Condition of Historical Work. 17 

The investigations were necessarily carried on for the most 
part by correspondence. This necessitated, of course, the writ- 
ing of hundreds of letters, to many of which no responses were 
received. Among the methods adopted by the different mem- 
bers of the Commission for reaching the people were requests 
from county superintendents of education for the names of 
persons who would be able to' furnish the information desired, 
appeals to the public through the daily and weekly press, cor- 
respondence with municipal, county, and State officials and 
with individuals everywhere from whom there was any hope of 
getting light upon materials relating to the history of Missis- 
sippi. Numerous letters were also written to various Federal 
officials, as well as to the secretaries of a large number of his- 
torical societies which have made collections of historical ma- 
terials. In many cases the results of these efforts were un- 
satisfactory, yet, upon the whole, it is believed that many good 
effects, which cannot appear in the Report, have been accom- 
plished by the work of the Commission. As the body of the 
published Report will present a detailed account of the results 
accomplished by the Commission, this part of it, addressed par- 
ticularly to your excellency, will be confined principally to the 
remaining duties which the Legislature assigned to the Com- 
mission, namely, an account of the condition of historical work 
in the State and the recommendations which seem advisable 
for advancing this important subject. 

I. Present Condition oe Historical Work in the State. 

A full account of the condition of historical work in the State 
at the present time must necessarily contain a statement of the 
work which is being done by organizations and by individuals 
whose efforts are directed to the fostering of interest in the 
study and writing of history and in the preservation of histori- 
cal materials, as well as in the dissemination of historical 
knowledge. The organizations of this kind may be classified 
as follows : Historical societies, patriotic associations, educa- 
tional institutions, libraries, and museums. 

Historical Societies. 

The greatest factor in the development of these different 
lines of activity and of interest in the field of State history has 



1 8 Mississippi Historical Society. 

been the Mississippi Historical Society, which organization, 
though young, is one of the oldest historical societies now in 
active operation in the State, having been incorporated by the 
Legislature in 1890. The duties assigned to it are enumer- 
ated in its charter as follows : "To discover, collect, preserve, 
and perpetuate facts and events relating to natural, aboriginal, 
civil, political, literary, and ecclesiastical history of the State of 
Mississippi and the territory adjoining thereto." In the prose- 
cution of this object the Society collected during the first 
period of its activity (i890-'94), and now holds in safe keeping 
many valuable papers and documents relating to the history of 
the State. Since its reorganization in 1897 especial attention 
has been directed to the following lines of activity, in which it 
is still engaged: 

(1) The collecting and preserving of historical materials. — Sev- 
eral valuable additions have been made to the Archives and 
Museum of the Society within the last few months. Among 
these are the manuscript correspondence of Gen. Adelbert 
Ames during his administration as Governor of Mississippi. 
A detailed statement of the contents of the Archives of the 
Society will be found in the detailed Report of the Commis- 
sion. 

(2) The holding of annual public meetings for the presentation of 
historical papers and for awakening an interest in the subject of 
State history. — The success which has crowned the efforts of the 
Society in this direction has been very gratifying. The various 
meetings held by the Society have led to the preparation of 
many valuable papers, which otherwise would probably never 
have been written. The growth of these meetings in popular 
favor is perhaps best indicated by the rapid increase in the 
number of titles that have appeared on the programs from year 
to year. 

(3) The publication of the most worthy contributions which are 
made to the history of the State from time to time. The Society is 
now issuing the fourth volume of its publications. This phase 
of activity has largely promoted an interest in State history as 
is shown by the improvement in the character of the contribu-. 
tions, the increase in the size of the volumes issued, and the con- 
stantly increasing demand for them, not only in the State, but 
in many other States of the Union and in foreign countries. 



Historical Societies. 19 

(4) The locating and cataloguing of historical materials not in its 
possession. — The first fruits of this latest phase of activity insti- 
tuted by the Society are contained in the detailed Report of 
the Mississippi Historical Commission. There can be no doubt 
of the valuable service which this line of work has rendered to 
the cause of State history. It is sincerely hoped that provision 
will be made for the continuation of this work in the future. 

(5) The fostering of affiliated local organizations for historical 
purposes. — Under the guidance and encouragement of the So- 
ciety three local historical societies have been organized within 
the last three years. Although the life and activity of these or- 
ganizations is more or less precarious at present, they indicate 
the development of a popular interest in State history, which 
is gratifying. The exalted position of Massachusetts in the 
history of our common country is doubtless due to the activity 
of the historical organizations, eighty or more, within her lim- 
its. It is to be hoped that many other societies of this kind 
will be organized in Mississippi in the near future. 

The following reports taken from the third volume of the 
Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society indicate briefly 
the work that has been accomplished by two local historical so- 
cieties, which are affiliated with the State Society : 

"The Maurepas Historical Society was organized by the 
students of the Ocean Springs High School, October 22, 1898. 
The names of the present officers are as follows : Miss Mamie 
Davis, President; Miss Lillie Clark, Vice-President; Miss Sa- 
die Davis, Secretary and Treasurer; Miss Minnie Richardson, 
Librarian and Archivist ; Mr. Q. D. Sauls, Corresponding Sec- 
retary and Director of the Society. There is a total enrollment 
of twenty-four members, including only those students who are 
especially interested in the study of Mississippi History and 
several teachers in the schools of Jackson county. It has been 
the custom to meet once a week in the library of the Ocean 
Springs High School, and once or twice a month at some pri- 
vate residences. The titles of some of the papers read before 
the Society are as follows : 'The Geological Formation of Deer 
Island' (an island guarding the entrance to Biloxi Bay) ; 'Trie 
French Chain of Settlements ;' 'E-kan-a-cha-ha' (the spring 
from which the town of Ocean Springs received its name). By 
varying the exercises and introducing some social features the 
interest so far has been well sustained. 

"The University Historical Society was organized December 
10, 1897. ? r of. Franklin L. Riley is president of the organiza- 



20 Mississippi Historical Society. 

tion. As a secretary is appointed to serve for only one meet- 
ing, the names of those who have served in this capacity are 
omitted in this report. The Society is composed of those stu- 
dents of the University of Mississippi who are interested in 
original research in Mississippi History. Monthly meetings 
are held at the call of the President. The following papers 
have been read before this Society: 'Old Time Shooting- 
Matches in Mississippi/ by Prof. Franklin L. Riley; The Life 
and Literary Works of Sherwood Bonner/ by Prof. A. L. 
Bondurant; 'Location of the Boundary Line between Missis- 
sippi and Alabama/ by Prof. Franklin L. Riley; 'Irwin Rus- 
sell/ by Prof. Dabney Lipscomb; 'The Manners and Customs 
of the Early Settlers of Newton County/ by Mr. H. P. Todd; 
'The Life and Literary Work of Miss Winnie Davis/ by Prof. 
C. C. Ferrell ; 'The Beginnings of Popular Government in Mis- 
sissippi/ by Prof. Franklin L. Riley; 'The Life of Judge Rich- 
ard Stockton/ by Prof. T. H. Somervillt." 

The Pontotoc Country Historical Society was organized Oct. 
13, 1900. Only a few meetings were held before its activity was 
temporarily suspended. The Secretary of the Society writes 
that its members hope to revive it in a short time. She also 
expresses a hope that the day is not far distant when the rich 
historical possibility of Pontotoc county will be fully developed. 

The Mississippi Baptist Historical Society was organized 
July 18, 1888. The object of the Society is to collect and pro- 
vide a depository of books, pamphlets, periodicals, manu- 
scripts, portraits, photographs, views, autographs, and other 
historical matter of general interest, referring particularly to 
the history of Mississippi Baptists. It operates through a 
board of managers consisting of its officers and five other 
members chosen annually. They hold and manage the prop- 
erty of the Society, and provide a suitable place to preserve 
documents. The result of the formation of this society has 
been that a remarkable amount of history, general and particu- 
lar, has been collected and is now in safe and convenient keep- 
ing. The place of deposit is in the First Baptist Church at 
Jackson. Capt. John T. Buck, of Jackson, is librarian, and the 
accumulation of historical data may be seen by any one at any 
time. 

The Mississippi Methodist Historical Society was chartered 
in 1892, with Bishop Charles B. Galloway, Rev. T. L. Mellen, 
Rev. Dr. W. T. J. Sullivan, Rev. J. A. B. Jones, and others as 



Patriotic Associations. 21 

charter members. By the terms of the charter the domicile of 
the Society is Millsaps College, at Jackson, Miss. Already a 
number of valuable manuscripts have been secured, church 
records have been received, and many interesting souvenirs 
have been collected. Bishop Galloway is in charge of this col- 
lection. 

Patriotic Associations. 

The patriotic associations of the State are doing some work 
of an historical nature, particularly in the field of military his- 
tory. The most active of these are the United Confederate 
Veterans and the Daughters of the Confederacy. 

The United Confederate Veterans Associations, both State 
and local, have done much to arouse an interest in Southern his- 
tory, particularly for the periods during and preceding the War 
between the States. The local chapters have historians, whose 
duty it is to record facts of historic interest pertaining to 
careers of individuals, companies, etc., in the great conflict. 
Some of these historians have done valuable service, as is 
shown by the detailed Report of the Commission. By their 
bold criticisms these organizations have also done much to- 
wards correcting the flagrant errors contained in the school 
histories studied by the children of the State. 

A detailed account of the work of the United Daughters of 
the Confederacy has been prepared by Mrs. Albert G. Weems 
for the fourth volume of the Publications of the Mississippi His- 
torical Society, which is now in the press. The same volume will 
contain other evidences of the historical activity of this organi- 
zation in the accounts of interesting incidents of the War be- 
tween the States, which were prepared by the historians of four 
local chapters. This organization has also done much for State 
history by erecting suitable monuments to mark the sites of 
historic events and by the interesting exercises which have 
been conducted under the auspices of local chapters on Decor- 
ation Days. As a result the State Historical Society is begin- 
ning to recognize this organization as one of its most effective 
co-laborers in the field of military history. 

A third class of patriotic societies now doing historical work 
in the State is the Daughters of the American Revolution. 
This organization has at present only three local chapters in 



22 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Mississippi. It has never held a State meeting, though the 
chapters have been visited by the State Regent. This phase 
of historical work bears some indication of growing interest 
and gives promise of useful work in the field of Revolutionary 
history in the near future. 

Educational Institutions. 

The historical work that is being done in the educational in- 
stitutions of the State is deemed worthy of a Careful considera- 
tion on the part of those who are interested in the training of 
the future citizens of Mississippi. 

Although some progress has been made in historical instruc- 
tion in the State within the last decade, there is still room for 
much development along this line. We are now in the midst 
of our greatest intellectual activity. Our people are thinking, 
writing, and investigating as never before. Whether or not 
they will be equal to the great task which devolves upon them 
of rescuing the long-neglected records of the past history of 
the State from oblivion will depend largely upon their histori- 
cal training and the literary attachments which they form while 
in school. The historical instruction in our schools should not 
be confined to state or national history, but should be as broad 
as possible. Our civilization has its roots running deep into 
the past, and he who would know the history of a state must 
know the history of a nation, and he who would know the his- 
tory of a nation must know the history of all countries whose 
civilizations project into it. 

It is gratifying to note that at least one patriotic association 
as well as a religious denomination in the South have recently 
emphasized the importance of instruction in history. The ac- 
tion of the Confederate Veterans' Association in urging that 
our schools give more attention to Southern history has pro- 
duced fruit in many States. The Board of Education of the M. 
E. Church, South, has passed a resolution that no institution 
shall be recognized as a conference college "unless history is 
included in its curriculum." These facts are referred to in this 
connection because they have their bearing upon historical . 
work in Mississippi as well as in the other Southern States. 

The further fact that the Legislature of this State has passed 
an act requiring the teachers in the public schools to be ex- 



College and School Courses in History. 23 

amined in Mississippi History, and to give instruction in the 
same, has also promoted an interest in this important subject. 
The effects this act will have upon elevating the character of 
citizenship in the Commonwealth, time alone will reveal. The 
children of the State are becoming thoroughly imbued with the 
historic traditions of their ancestors, and are entering upon their 
duties as citizens with a knowledge of the past which will enable 
them to understand the problems of the present and the future. 

The courses offered in history in twenty of the principal 
higher institutions of learning, both white and colored, and in 
two graded schools in the State, are here summarized in order 
to show the present condition of this phase of historical work. 

University of Mississippi, Oxford. — In June, 1900, the 
School of History was made a separate chair, and since then it 
has employed the energies of one professor. The following 
courses are offered at the present time : 

Undergraduate Courses. 

I. Beginnings oe History. — A brief study of the Stone, Bronze, and 
Iron Ages, and of early Aryan civilization, followed by amore detailed 
study of the history of Egypt, Mesopotamina, and Asia Minor. An 
effort will be made to determine, as far as practicable, the significant 
contributions of the nations of remote antiquity to the history of the 
world. The results of recent explorations will also be noted. Two 
hours a week, the first term. 

II. History of Greece. — An outline of early Greek civilization, fol- 
lowed by a more detailed study of the political and constitutional his- 
tory of the leading states, the decline of Greek political life, the Hellen- 
istic movements, and the Achaean and Aetolian Leagues. Two hours a 
week, the second term. 

III. History oE Rome. — A brief study of the Regal period, followed 
by a more exhaustive study of the political and constitutional changes 
which characterized the Republic and the Empire, the growth of mili- 
tary despotism, and the causes of the decay of Rome. Two hours a 
week, the third term. 

IV. Generae History oe Europe During the Middle Ages. — The 
social, industrial, religious, intellectual, and political development of 
Europe from the fall of Rome to the discovery of America, giving es- 
pecial attention to the structure of mediaeval society. Three hours a 
week, the first term. 

V. History oe Modern Times. — A study of the rise and development 
of modern nationalities and of the great influences which have charac- 
terized the modern era, especial attention being directed to the Revival 
of Learning, the Reformation, and the French Revolution. Three hours 
a week, the second term. 

VI. History oe Europe Since 1815. — A history of the development 
of the democratic spirit, the nationalization of Germany and Italy, the 
Revolutions of 1830 and 1848, and the international relations of the 
European powers, etc. Three hours a week, the third term. 



24 Mississippi Historical Society. 

VII. American Colonial History to 1763.— A study of the colonies 
to the outbreak of the Revolutionary War, the influences that led to 
the discovery of America and gave direction to the exploration and 
settlement of the country, the political and institutional development of 
the colonies the struggles with the French. Oral and written reports 
and class discussions. Three hours a week, the second term. 

VIII. History oe the United States From 1763 to 1829.— The 
causes of the Revolutionary War, the Government of the Confederacy, 
the formation and interpretation of the Federal Constitution, growth 
of national life, westward expansion, etc. Oral and written reports 
and class discussions. Three hours a week, the second term. 

IX. History oe the United States From 1829 to 1890. — A detailed 
study of the Jacksonian Epoch, the developments leading to the War 
between the States, the period of Reconstruction; and the course of 
events since the readmission of the Southern States to the Union. Oral 
and written reports and class discussions. Three hours a week, the third 
term. i 

Post Graduate Courses. 

I. Greek and Roman History to the End oe the Republic. 

II. Later Roman and Early Mediaeval History. 

III. Great Movements in History: (i) Revival oe Learning; (2) 

Reformation; (3) French Revolution. 

IV. Political and Constitutional History oe England. 

V. Political and Constitutional History oe the United States. 

Mississippi Agricultural and Mechanical College, Starkville. — 
The Department of History and Civics constitutes a chair un- 
der one professor. It was established by the Board of Trustees 
in June, 1892. The following statement has been furnished by 
the professor of that Department : 

"Under the present organization courses are given to the Freshmen 
in English History, one term (three months) five hours per week; 
to the Sophomores, General History, one term, five hours per week; 
to the Agricultural Sophomores, History Reading, three terms, one 
hour per week, — one-half of this time is given to Mississippi History; 
the Juniors, Civil Government and Political Economy, one term, five 
hours per week; the Agricultural, Juniors, Political Economy, two 
terms, two hours per week. Except in the Preparatory Department, 
no regular course is given in United States History. 

The Department of History and Civics has the following equipments; 
Maps of ancient Italy, Greece, Asia Minor, Rome, The Ancient World, 
Modern World, North America, South America, Great Britain & Ire- 
land, England, France, Mississippi, Physical Europe. Charts of Me- 
diaeval & Modern Europe, Larned's History for Ready Reference, La- 
lor's Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy, United States His- 
tory, Jamison's Dictionary of American History, Thomas's Biographical 
Dictionary, Thomas's Gazetteer of the World, Johnson's Encyclopaedia. 

Industrial Institute and College, Columbus. — History, Men- 
tal and Moral Science, constitute a chair under one instructor. 
In the reorganization of the school of history at the beginning 
of the present session courses in United States History and in 
the History of Mississippi were put into the preparatory de- 



College and School Courses in History. 25 

partments. The college work proper includes "a short course 
in English History, preparatory to the study of Civics." This 
is followed by a course in General History. 

Mississippi College, Clinton. — History, Mental and Moral 
Science, Political Economy, and Logic are combined under one 
professor. The work in History is as follows : 

The undergraduate courses in History at present are confined to the 
Freshman and Junior college years. 

In the Freshman year a general course is given covering the period 
from the dawn of civilization to the present. This, however, does not 
include American history. In this course emphasis is laid on the study 
of Greece, Rome, and the period of the Reformation. Special assign- 
ments are made for topical and biographical research by members of 
the class under the direction of the instructor. 

In the Junior year the first half session is devoted to the study of 
Modern European history. Especial emphasis is laid on the changes 
of the maps of Europe by the Napoleonic and succeeding wars and 
by treaties; on the development of the constitutions of European 
states; on the diplomatic history of Europe in the nineteenth century, 
and the Concert of Powers; and the history and status of the Eastern 
Question. During the second half session the study of American his- 
tory is pursued. Attention is given especially to the period of the 
growth and establishment of the Union; the development and inter- 
pretation of the Constitution; political parties; their rise and plat- 
forms; the growth of sectional hostility; distinctly American principles 
and institutions; and the foreign policies of the United States. 

Post graduate work is now being done in the following periods and 
subjects: (1) A comparative study of the governments of the United 
States, England and the European states from the standpoints of 
Constitution, history of parties, and citizenship; (2) History of Re- 
ligions; (3) The period of the Reformation; (4) Division and Reunion 
of United States; (5) The Unification of Italy; (6) The Unification of 
Germany. 

Millsaps College, Jackson. — History, French, and German 
constitute a chair under one professor. The historical work in 
this institution is presented as follows in the current catalogue : 

"For the present the courses in History will be chiefly concerned 
with American historical topics. In the Junior year American polit- 
ical history will be studied, special attention being given to the peri- 
ods between 1765 and 1889. In the Senior year the institutions and 
Constitution of the United States will be taken up, an edition of 
Bryce's American Commonwealth being used as text, with special studies 
in the various lines of development of our country. In both these 
courses the student will be required to rely upon himself as much as 
possible, and will be encouraged to develop his historical judgment 
and his ability to correlate facts and events." 

Hillman College, Clinton. — History and English Language 
and Literature are combined under one instructor. The scope 
of historical work as given in the current catalogue is as fol- 
lows: 



26 Mississippi Historical Society. 

"English and American History. — The study of these subjects 
will begin in the Preparatory Department, and continue once a week 
through the entire College course. The text-books, of which a state- 
ment will be made hereafter, will be so co-ordinated as to give the 
best possible view of the way by which the English-speaking people 
have reached a dominant place among the nations of the world. And 
the studies of the literature and the history will be arranged, if pos- 
sible, so as to illustrate each other." 

Whitworth College, Brookhaven. — History and Political 
Economy constitute a chair. The teacher of these branches 
also gives instruction in Bookkeeping. The historical work is 
summarized as follows: 

Admission into the Freshman class presupposes two years of Amer- 
ican History, one year of English History and one year of Mississippi 
History. In the Freshman year three hours a week are given to the 
history of the Eastern Nations and Greece during the first term and 
to Roman History during the last term. The Myths of Greece and 
Rome are also studied throughout the entire session. In the Sopho- 
more class three hours a week throughout the session are devoted 
to Modern and Mediaeval History and to Myths of the Middle Ages. 
In the Junior and Senior classes History is elective, the course being 
in the Junior, Social and Constitutional History of the U. S., The 
State by Woodrow Wilson three hours per week and in the Senior 
class Green's Shorter History of the English People, three hours a week. 

North Mississippi Presbyterian College, Holly Springs. — His- 
tory, English, Anglo-Saxon and German are united under one 
instructor. The course of study is as follows : 

Primary and Preparatory. — Oral lessons; Eggleston's Child's U. S. 
History and History of U. S. and Its People; Miss Yonge's Histories 
of England, France and Germany. 

Academic and Collegiate. — Barnes' Histories of Greece and Rome and 
Myer's General History. 

In addition to the above one session is spent in the study of English 
and American History by topics. 

Blue Mountain Female College, Blue Mountain. — The instruc- 
tor in History is also assistant in English. The work in His- 
tory is as follows : 

''Half a session is given to French History, half a session to English 
History, half a session to Ancient History, half a session to Modern 
History, and a fourth of a session to Mississippi History and a thor- 
ough course in U S. History. In the last subject several authors are 
used and the amount of time given to it depends on the instruction the 
student has received in it in the preparatory schools before entering 
college." 

Grenada College, Grenada. — History and English are com- 
bined under one teacher. Elementary United States History 
and advanced United States History are taught in the Prepara- 



College and School Courses in History. 27 

tory Department and in the Freshman class. English History, 
French History, and Mississippi History are taught in the 
Sophomore; General History one-half of the Junior, and ad- 
vanced English History throughout the Senior year. 

Woman's College, Oxford. — Two years are devoted to United 
States History in the Preparatory Department. In the Fresh- 
man class two hours a week are devoted to English History 
and in the Sophomore, five hours to General History. In the 
Senior class Mississippi History and Civil Government, five 
hours, are offered as optional studies. 

BelJiaven College, Jackson. — A year is devoted to English and 
French History and the same length of time to General His- 
tory. 

Stanton College, Natchez. — History and English Literature 
are taught by the same instructor. The preparatory courses 
cover the subjects of United States History, Mississippi His- 
tory, and stories from Ancient History. Ancient History and 
Mythology are studied in the Freshman year, English History 
during one term of the Sophomore year, and Mediaeval and 
Modern History during the Senior year. 

East Mississippi Female College, Meridian. — In the Prepara- 
tory Department United States History, Mississippi History, 
and English History are taught. General History, advanced 
English History, and United States History are also taught in 
the college course. 

Mississippi Normal College, Houston. — In the Preparatory 
Department instruction is given in United States History, Mis- 
sissippi History, and General History. In the Scientific course, 
five hours a week are devoted to History and composition 
work in the Freshman class. During one-half of the Sopho- 
more year French History is offered five hours a week as an 
elective, and during one-quarter of the Senior year work is 
offered in the History of the Constitution. In the Normal 
course, five hours a week are devoted to Mississippi History, 
Civics, and United States History, or General History. The 
History of Education is taught during one-quarter of the 
Sophomore year. 

Inka Normal Institute, Iuka. — History, Latin, Greek, and part 
of the work in English are combined under one instructor. In 
the Preparatory Department Mississippi History and United 



28 Mississippi Historical Society. 

States History are taught. In the collegiate department one- 
quarter of a session is devoted to each of the following courses : 
History and Literature of Greece, History and Literature of 
Rome, and History and Literature of France. 

Jefferson Military College, Washington. — The work in History 
is divided between two instructors, who also teach Greek, Eng- 
lish, and Elocution. United States History is taught during 
three months of the sub-Freshman year, English History dur- 
ing six months of the Sophomore year, and General History 
during six months of the Junior year. 

Alcorn A. and M. College (Colored), Westside. — History, Civ- 
ics, and Moral Science constitute a chair under one professor. 
General History and United States History are taught during 
a session of nine months. Six months are devoted to Missis- 
sippi History, and three months to English History. 

Mississippi State Normal College (Colored), Holly Springs. — 
Two years are devoted to United States History and to Mis- 
sissippi History. 

Tougaloo University (Colored), Tougaloo. — In the Grammar 
School one year is devoted to United States History and half 
a year to Mississippi History, and in the Preparatory Depart- 
ment proper, six months are devoted to Ancient, three to Me- 
diaeval, and three to Modern History. In the college course 
three hours a week are devoted to each of the following sub- 
jects: American History and Biography in the Freshman year, 
English History in the Sophomore year, and Modern European 
History during half of the Junior year. 

In order to show the nature and scope of the historical work 
in the graded schools of the State, brief summaries of the 
courses given in three of them are here added. Requests for 
information on this subject were made of the Superintendents 
of a few other schools of this class, but they failed to respond. 

Corinth Graded Schools. — The following extract from a letter 
written by the Superintendent gives an account of the historical 
work in the Corinth Graded Schools: 

"We take up preparatory work in United States History in the third 
grade ; The principal work done is story telling and reproduction of 
historical stories read in class. This work is carried on in a similar 
way through the fifth grade. We begin the study of history in the 
sixth grade, studying Lee's United States History as a text. We carry 
this work through the seventh grade. We study the History of Mis- 



Libraries and Museums. 29 

sissippi in the eighth grade, using Riley's History as a text. In the 
ninth and tenth grades we study general history, using Myers' History 
as a text, and in the eleventh grade we study Green's Shorter Course 
English History." 

Kosciusko Graded Schools. — The following extract from a let- 
ter written by the Superintendent gives the nature and scope 
of the historical instruction in the Kosciusco Graded Schools: 

"In our third and fourth grades we tell and read the life of Wash- 
ington, Franklin, and others, and have the children re-write them for 
composition work. In our fifth grade we use a primary history that is 
altogether biography or nearly so. In the sixth we begin primary his- 
tory of the United States. We continue the work in United States 
through the seventh year and review it in the tenth year. The eighth 
year we use Mississippi History and Civil Government. In the ninth 
year, or the first year of the High School, we teach English History, 
and in the eleventh year, or the third year of the High School, we use 
Myers' General History, but cannot complete it." 

Libraries and Museums. 

Among the most powerful agencies for the fostering of his- 
torical interests throughout the country are public libraries. 
As has been well said, "the public school is for but one portion 
of the community, the younger portion, while the public li- 
brary is for all, young as well as old, for those of limited knowl- 
edge and the more learned and accomplished alike." When 
to these great agencies are added historical museums contain- 
ing relics and portraits, they constitute what the late Dr. Her- 
bert B. Adams characterizes as "such a group of uncommon 
schools as enlightened communities really need." 

Unfortunately there is little to report on the influence of 
these agencies in Mississippi. The best collections of histori- 
cal works will be found in the educational institutions of the 
State, special notices of which will appear in the body of the 
Report. It affords much pleasure to mention in this connec- 
tion the very valuable collections of historical sources to be 
found in the State Library and in the Library of the University 
of Mississippi. The former library is very deficient, however, 
in recent contributions to history. The Commission mentions 
with commendation the work of the University of Mississippi, 
of Millsaps College, and of the Secretary of the State Historical 
Society in collecting all books that have been written by Mis- 
sippians. It is the ambition of the State Historical Society to 
collect at an early date a historical library, museum and por- 



3<d Mississippi Historical Society. 

trait gallery which will be in keeping with the dignity of an 
historic people. 

Individual Efforts. 

It is gratifying to note that a larger number of investigators 
are working in the field of Mississippi history at present than 
there have been at any previous time. This fact is shown by 
the rapid increase in the number of valuable contributions that 
have appeared in each successive volume of the Publications of 
the State Historical Society. More significant still is the 
largely increased number of books that have appeared from the 
pens of Mississippians and those which are being written at the 
present time. 

One of the most valuable of the more elaborate works is 
L. Q. C. Lamar: His Life, Times, and Speeches, by Edward 
Mayes, LL. D. ; also the History of Education in Mississippi, by 
the same author. Dr. Mayes is at present engaged upon work 
that relates to the history of the State. Two of the most re- 
cent works on Mississippi History are Col. Frank A. Mont- 
gomery's Reminiscences of a Mississippian in War and Peace, and 
Mr. James W. Garner's History of Reconstruction in Mississippi. 
Dr. Franklin L. Riley's School History of Mississippi has also 
been recently published. He is at present engaged upon an- 
other work on the history of the State. 

Baptist Annals, by Z. T. Leavell, D. D., was published a few 
months ago. Dr. Leavell is at present engaged upon a Com- 
plete History of the Baptist Church in Mississippi. The Rev. L. S. 
Foster published some time ago a work entitled Baptist Preach- 
ers of Mississippi. Bishop Chas. B. Galloway is also engaged 
in researches in church history, his work being confined prin- 
cipally to sketches of the pioneer preachers of the M. E. 
Church, South, in Mississippi. He anticipates engaging, at an 
early date, upon a more elaborate work relating to the history 
of the State. 

Within recent years Air. H. S. Halbert and the Rev. T. H. 
Ball have published a work entitled The Creek War. Mr. Hal- 
bert is at present engaged upon a Complete History of the Choc- 
taw Indians in Mississippi. Other work of a less elaborate na- 
ture is being done in the much-neglected field of Mississippi 
Archaeology. The most noteworthy of these is the study of 



Individual Efforts. 31 

the "Route of De Soto through Mississippi," by Prof. T. H. 
Lewis, and the "Antiquities of the Gulf Coast of Mississippi," 
by Hon. Peter J. Hamilton. 

Gen. Stephen D. Lee has done much through his researches 
in recent years to record the military history of Mississippi dur- 
ing the War between the States. His pen is still actively en- 
gaged in this work. Hon. Chas. E. Hooker has made a contri- 
bution to the military history of the State, which contribution 
was published in the Confederate Military History (twelve vol- 
umes). Judge Robert Bowman is also at work in this field of 
research. 

Alfred Holt Stone, Esq., is devoting much time to the study 
of the Negro race, with a view to publishing ultimately a com- 
plete history of this race. 

Prof. P. H. Eager announced some time ago an intention of 
writing a History of Mississippi Literature. It is gratifying to 
note that Mississippi is attracting the attention of writers of 
historical fiction. The latest contribution of this nature being 
Mistress Joy. A Tale of Natchez in 1798, by Grace MacGowan 
Cooke and Annie Booth McKinney. 

Several investigators are working in the field of Genealogy. 
The most elaborate work of this nature, which has come under 
the eye of the Commission, is Stratton Genealogy, by Sidney V. 
Stratton. Dr. W. T. J. Sullivan has devoted much time to the 
history of the Meade Family. 

Among the investigators of the State who are actively en- 
gaged in the preparation of historical monographs, the follow- 
ing may be mentioned: Prof. Dabney Lipscomb, Prof. A. L. 
Bondurant, Dunbar Rowland, Esq., Miss Mary V. Duval, Dr. 
Charles H. Brough, Miss Mary J. Welsh, Capt. W. H. Hardy, 
George J. Leftwich, Esq., and Mrs. Helen D. Bell. 

The most noteworthy contribution to county history is Mr. 
A. J. Brown's History of Nezvton County. Dr. W. L. Lipscomb 
has written a "History of Columbus, Mississippi," which was 
published in the Columbus Commercial in the early part of the 
present year. 

II. Recommendations. 

After a careful consideration of the present condition of his- 
torical work in the State and after an exhaustive examination 



32 Mississippi Historical Society. 

into the undeveloped fields of historical investigation, the Com- 
mission feels justified in making certain recommendations 
which can but redound to the honor of this Commonwealth. 
The time has come when our State should take rank with the 
other States which have made ample provisions for rescuing 
from oblivion the many valuable materials that relate to their 
career as historic peoples. In this connection, we take pleasure 
in referring you to the Appendix of this Report, which con- 
tains a brief statement of what some of the other States of the 
Union have done for their history. The recommendations 
which we make have reference to some necessary departments 
of historical work which should receive State aid. As was 
stated in the Memorial which was presented to the last session 
of the Legislature by the Executive Committee of the State 
Historical Society, "it would be assuredly unreasonable to ex- 
pect a few public spirited citizens to do all of this work and to 
pay besides the expenses of issuing the necessary publications, 
even if they could do so. This is a public work and should 
command the interest of every citizen who lives in the State 
and has a pride in its history." 

We, therefore, recommend: 

I. That the valuable collections of manuscripts, documents, 
and relics belonging to the Mississippi Historical Society, with 
the approval of said Society, be donated to the State to form 
the nucleus of an Historical Library, Museum, and Art Gallery, 
hereinafter recommended, of which the Mississippi Historical 
Society shall be the perpetual trustee. The adoption of this 
recommendation will place the control of the historical ma- 
terials now collected or to be collected under the control of the 
Legislature, so that they can never be disposed of or removed, 
except by special consent of that body. A similar action taken 
by the Legislature and the State Historical Society of Wiscon- 
sin over a quarter of a century ago laid the basis of the splen- 
did work that has since been done for State History in that 
Commonwealth. 

It is gratifying to the Commission to acknowledge in this 
connection the wise action of the Capitol Commission in pro- 
viding two rooms in the new State House for use of the His- 
torical Society. This action will undoubtedly redound greatly 
to the honor of the State, since it will furnish to those persons 



Recommendations. 33 

now owning valuable historical records and relics an incentive 
for placing them where they will be protected against all pos- 
sible loss by fire, and where they will receive attention from the 
people of every section of our great Commonwealth. The ir- 
reparable loss the State has sustained in the destruction by fire 
of the second volume of Claiborne's History of Mississippi, as 
well as numerous other papers referred to in the Report, and in 
the donation to a sister Commonwealth of the valuable papers 
of her most illustrious citizen, Jefferson Davis, containing six 
thousand or more titles, which papers should have found a 
permanent repository within the State he loved so well, are 
object lessons that should be remembered by Mississippians. 
The letters and papers of our public men, which have not been 
lost or destroyed, should be gathered together and preserved 
without further delay. Other State-supported departments of 
history are invading our territory, and, if they are not met by 
superior activity on our part, many of the historical materials 
relating to Mississippi will find permanent places of deposit 
beyond our borders, and our own people will be forced to the 
inconvenience, as well as the humiliation, of going elsewhere 
to learn about the doings of their ancestors. 

The collections of this department should be divided as fol- 
lows: 

i. An Historical Museum. — This collection should be confined 
largely to such relics and other things as are "strictly historical 
and anthropological in character." It should be maintained 
not only because of its historical value, but because of its abid- 
ing interest to. "that large portion of the tax-paying public 
which cares little for archives or library and properly enough 
wishes to see something for its money." This collection should 
be opened freely to all comers. 

2. An Historical Art Gallery. — It is intended that this collec- 
tion should embrace the portraits or statues of great Missis- 
sippians and the views of historic places and events. In the 
words of the Secretary of the Wisconsin State Historical So- 
ciety, such a gallery "should truly become the pantheon of the 
Commonwealth." There are a large number of pictures and 
relics of great historical interest in the State that are now 
awaiting such a place of deposit as is here recommended. 
This collection should also be freely accessible to all comers. 



34 Mississippi Historical Society. 

3. An Historical Library. — This collection should embrace 
primarily books, pamphlets, newspapers, and manuscripts bear- 
ing upon the history of Mississippi. It should contain the early 
reports and other publications of State officials and such other 
official documents as are not necessary for. the performance of 
the functions that devolve upon the various State officials. In 
this connection we recommend that the boxes of unassorted 
materials relating to the early history of the State, now in the 
corridor of the old Capitol, be turned over to this Department 
as soon as the rooms that have been provided for the Society 
are ready for occupation. The various collections of books, 
pamphlets, newspapers, and manuscripts should be carefully 
indexed so as to render them easily accessible to those who are 
seeking information on the history of the State. 

II. That a State-supported Director of Archives and History 
be chosen, with headquarters in the State Capitol, who shall 
have charge of the proposed Department. 

A similar step has been taken by the General Assembly of 
Alabama within the last year, and the results which have al- 
ready accrued to the State have been gratifying, not only to 
the patriotic citizens of that great Commonwealth, but to the 
people everywhere who are interested in the development of 
Southern history and in the doing of work which will give this 
section as wide a recognition as has been accorded to the other 
sections of our country, which have wisely adopted a similar 
policy in the past. We recommend that this Department be 
liberally supported by such a continuing appropriation as will 
be necessary in order to accomplish the objects of its creation, 
and that it be placed in charge of a Director chosen solely with 
reference to his fitness for discharging the duties incident to 
such work. The Commission considers that it would be a great 
calamity to the cause of State history to place valuable manu- 
scripts and relics under the control of an ex officio Director, or 
of any person chosen with reference to his fitness for dis- 
charging the duties of other offices. To subordinate this impor- 
tant function to any other would afford inadequate protection to 
historical materials which are invaluable and which can never 
be replaced, if lost. We submit the proposition whether or not 
a person qualified to fill acceptably any of the present State 
offices would for that reason be in a position to appreciate the 



Recommendations. 35 

importance of caring for relics and half-faded manuscripts and 
protecting them from persons who would appropriate them to 
private uses. Laxity in caring for the manuscripts belonging 
to the Tennessee Historical Society resulted, several years ago, 
in the loss of a number of autographs, cut out of documents 
regardless of their importance. For this reason alone we 
recommend, if such a Director be not chosen, that the collec- 
tions of the Mississippi Historical Society remain at the Uni- 
versity of Mississippi. 

We further recommend that the proposed Director of His- 
tory and Archives be entrusted with the following duties : 

1. The Collecting of Materials, Official and Otherwise, That Bear 
upon the History of the State. — This phase of activity is doubly 
important since "private possessors of documentary materials 
and historical relics need to be persistently influenced, upon 
grounds of public policy, to contribute their stores" to the pro- 
posed Department. It is believed that the results accruing 
from this service alone would more than justify the creation of 
such a Department. 

2. The Indexing, Arranging, and Binding of Manuscripts, 
Pamphlets, etc. — Every device should be adopted and put into 
execution that will render the collections of the Department 
"available for almost immediate consultation by all interested 
parties." 

3. The Performance of the Duties of a Statistician. — The im- 
portance of a measure looking toward the compilation of valu- 
able statistics, relating to our industries, population, etc., has 
been recognized for some time, and several abortive efforts 
have been made already to provide for the same. On this point 
the Secretary of the Wisconsin State Historical Society writes, 
as follows: 

"In a State where there is no adequately equipped depart- 
ment of statistics, the historical society, with its trained staff 
and its reference library, may be of service to the public as a 
general information bureau; and it should cheerfully respond 
to every call made upon it, from whatever source or however 
trivial. State officials everywhere are continually receiving let- 
ters of inquiry about State affairs — economic, social, historical 
— which they cannot answer, for their terms are short, their 
office files incomplete, and they are unequipped for such ser- 
vice. The historical society may well take upon itself this bur- 



2,6 Mississippi Historical Society. 

den, and thus emphasize the practical value to the public of a 
reference library and a society devoted exclusively to the col- 
lection and dissemination of facts." 

It is believed that this work is doubly important at the pres- 
ent time, because of the new economic and industrial conditions 
which now confront our people. It is unnecessary to state that 
in the near future contemporary facts will be of great historical 
value. This phase of the work should be extended to the sta- 
tistics of early periods of State history as the time of the pro- 
posed Director will permit. 

4. The Preparation from Time to Time of an Official Register. — 
Provision has recently been made in Alabama for Biennial Reg- 
isters which will embrace the following points : "(1) Brief 
sketches of the several State officers, Members of Congress, 
Supreme Court Judges, and Senators and Members of the 
House of Representatives ; (2) Rosters of all State and County 
Officials; (3) State Institutions and Officials; (4) State and 
County Population Statistics; (5) Miscellaneous State Statis- 
tics." 

5. The Careful Editing of the Sources of State History. — As was 
stated in the Memorial presented by the Executive Committee 
to the Legislature at its last meeting, "thorough and systematic 
work in the history of the State cannot be done until we pub- 
lish, not only the finished products of research, but the sources 
of our history. Publications of the first kind awaken interest, 
direct research, and prevent the duplication of effort; those of 
the second kind furnish investigators with the materials from 
which history is made, and enable them to write exhaustively 
and accurately on subjects that are of great importance to the 
State. The history of the New England States has been thor- 
oughly worked, largely because their sources have been made 
available to investigators throughout the country." As will be 
seen by consulting Chapters II. and III. of the detailed Report 
of the Commission a great wealth of inaccessible documentary 
materials bearing on Mississippi history lie in official reposi- 
tories in this and in foreign countries. The compilation and 
publication of all such materials is a debt which the State owes 
to itself as well as to those who are engaged in the writing of 
its history. This recommendation applies only to official docu- 
ments. It is not deemed advisable to undertake the publication 






Recommendations. 37 

at present of the many valuable papers of an unofficial charac- 
ter. A recommendation with reference to these papers is con- 
tained in a subsequent part of this Report. 

The official documents might appropriately be classified un- 
der the heads of provincial, territorial, and State records. The 
provincial records would embrace documents and papers con- 
nected with Spanish, French, and English occupation. The 
territorial records would embrace the public documents and 
papers connected with the period of our history from 1798 to 
1817. The State records would embrace the various kinds of 
public papers and documents (civil and military), relating to 
the history of the State since its admission into the Union. 
As the expenses of compiling, collecting, and publishing these 
records should be borne by the State, the Commission strongly 
urges an appropriation for this purpose. If the appropriation 
of $2,000, made to the Society by the Legislature at its last 
meeting, be continued, it is believed that by the exercise of 
rigid economy it will be adequate to meet the expenses of the 
two kinds of publications recommended by the Commission. 
A publication of each class may be issued biennially, and be 
made to alternate so as to allow ample time to edit carefully 
each volume and make it as nearly perfect as possible. We, 
therefore, recommend that for the present at least that the 
Secretary of the State Historical Society continue his function 
as editor of the Publications and that the proposed Director of 
Archives be entrusted with editing the records here referred to. 

6. The Locating of Historic Sites. — It can be justly charged 
against our people that they have shown an unfortunate lack of 
appreciation of the many places of historic interest within the 
limits of our Commonwealth. There is nothing so conducive 
to the development of patriotic sentiments as the silent testi- 
mony of a marble slab or a bronze tablet, which commemorates 
some deed of valor enacted by one's fellow citizens or marks 
the site of some event fraught with great results to the history 
of one's State. An appropriation for appropriately marking 
such places within the limits of our State would be, if judicious- 
ly expended, an investment that would bring large returns in 
patriotic sentiment and in love and veneration of the great ones 
whose events adorn the pages of our history. A feeling of re- 
spect for the memory of the aboriginal inhabitants of this State 



38 Mississippi Historical Society. 

also demands that the few remaining evidences of their exist- 
ence be cared for and protected from destruction. Provision 
has been made in other States for such purposes. The Com- 
mission recommends that the Director of Archives and His- 
tory, if created, be charged with the duty of collecting views of 
historic sites and of cooperating with the Historical Society in 
the erection of memorials wherever the same are deemed ad- 
visable. 

7. The Direction of the future Work of the Historical Commis- 
sion. — The importance of the work that has been accomplished 
and the necessity of continuing these efforts will be apparent 
upon an examination of the detailed Report, which has been 
prepared. In many cases these efforts of the present Commis- 
sion have met with the trials and disappointments of all pioneer 
enterprises. It is reasonable to suppose that if this work be 
continued it will overcome the indifference of those having 
knowledge of the existence of materials that would be of great 
historical value, and will reduce from year to year the number 
of unlocated materials. It will also serve to emphasize the im- 
portance of these materials and induce the owners thereof to 
take the necessary precaution for their preservation. The 
Commission recommends that the Director of the Department 
of Archives and History be made chairman of such commis- 
sions in the future, and that he be assisted by four other mem- 
bers of the Historical Society, to be appointed by the Presi- 
dent of said organization. 

III. That the Secretary of the Mississippi Historical Society, 
who serves without remuneration, be entrusted with the per- 
formance of the following duties which will be indispensable 
in the accomplishment of the great work that remains to be 
done. ■ 

1. Arranging for the Annual Meetings of the Society. — This 
phase of activity has come to be regarded by the members of 
the Society as well-nigh indispensable. There is nothing so 
conducive to the arousing of interest in the subject of State 
History as the holding of public meetings, which are attended 
by investigators from every part of the State and from other 
States. The papers and discussion evoked by these meetings 
have served a very important function in the way of suggesting 
new lines of original research, and in directing the minds of 



Recommendations. 39 

those present to the importance of the work that is being done 
by the Society. The policy which has been pursued by the 
Executive Committee of holding some of these meetings of the 
Society in different historic places in the State has always pro- 
duced an historical renaissance, wherever such meetings were 
held. 

2. Editing of the Finished Products of Research in Mississippi 
History. — As has been shown by the limited experience of the 
Society, the issuing of annual publications not only to encour- 
ages research, but unifies it. The experience of the Society dur- 
ing the first eight years of its existence, when no efforts were 
made to publish contributions to State history, amply justifies 
this statement. Only two contributions to State history were 
submitted to the Society during this entire period, whereas, 
during the four years that have elapsed since the Society began 
to issue its publications, the total number of contributions that 
have been presented to the organization amount to more than 
eighty. This clearly shows that the Society cannot render ef- 
ficient service to the State without continuing this phase of its 
activity. 

Again, if the important contributions to State history be not 
published in book form, they will reach the public through 
channels more or less ephemeral, such as the daily and weekly 
press, and will soon be lost. By collecting such contributions 
for each year in a volume substantially bound, those who are 
interested in the progress of State history will be able to get 
them in a permanent form, with little effort. Since these pub- 
lications contain for the most part the products of native work, 
they will give to the public a correct narration of the facts of 
our history. This fact is doubly important when it is remem- 
bered that the volumes issued by the Society go to all parts of 
this country and to foreign countries. This will enable Mis- 
sissippians to give to the world a correct and impartial statement 
of the facts pertaining to their history, considered in the light 
of their characteristic sentiments and historic traditions, with- 
out which it would be impossible to do justice to the life of any 
people. 

3. Fostering of Local Societies. — It is believed that the import- 
ance of local work in Mississippi history has never been fully 
appreciated. Local research must precede the writing of State 



4-0 Mississippi Historical Society. 

history. It discovers and renders available the materials from 
which history is made. For this reason local history largely 
determines the character and extent of all history. The separ- 
ate facts with which the local historian deals may be considered 
as mere digits, yet in the aggregate they represent the entire 
life of a people. Hence local history is not isolated, it is a part 
of State history, indeed of national and of world history. 

In order to facilitate the process of recording local history 
the Secretary of the State Society should continue his policy of 
encouraging the establishment of local societies. Such organi- 
zations should be in active operation not only in Mississippi 
institutions of learning, but in the various historical and intel- 
lectual centers of the State. The State Historical Society has 
provided a plan of affiliation by which the various local organi- 
zations may receive proper encouragement and their work be 
unified and all worthy contributions preserved in a safe repos- 
itory or presented to the public in a printed form. 

4. Directing and Encouraging of "Field Work!' — The import- 
ance of this work has hardly been felt in Mississippi. It has 
special reference to "obtaining from those pioneers who have 
recollections worth recording detailed narratives of their ex- 
periences, of their memories of public men, of the conduct of 
public affairs, of the social and economic conditions of early 
times — of course with full recognition of the limitations of 
such testimony; ****** conferring with and advising local 
historical societies ; getting in touch with early settlers, at their 
periodical gatherings ; investigating and securing records of 
archaeological discoveries ; interesting the newspapers and 
high school teachers in local history, and, in general, awaken- 
ing within the State an historic consciousness." 

Further Recommendations. 

The Commission also makes the following recommenda- 
tions : 

1. That the Department of Archives and History, if created, 
be instructed to urge parties having possession of valuable 
documents of an unofficial character to donate the same to the' 
said Department to be placed in the Archives in the new Capi- 
tol, where they will be protected from loss by fire or any other 
of the many casualties incident to private ownership. 



Summary and Conclusion. 4_r 

2. That the Legislature require the Boards of Supervisors 
to provide fire-proof safes or vaults for the protection of all 
records in counties not already provided with the same, and 
that a heavy penalty be imposed for failure to keep all official 
records in such safes or vault or for permitting any such rec- 
ords to "leave official custody." 

III. Summary and Conclusion. 

The Commission respectfully requests that your excellency 
will recommend legislative action upon the above recommend- 
ations or such parts of them as will in your, wisdom promote 
the best interests of the State. These recommendations may 
be briefly summarized as follows: 

I. A Department of Archives and History, 
i. A repository for historical relics. 

2. A repository for portraits and statues of prominent Mis- 
sissippians and for historic views. 

3. A repository for books, pamphlets, and manuscripts re- 
lating to Mississippi and Mississippians. 

II. A Director of Archives and History. 

1. An agency for collecting, preserving, and making eas- 
ily accessible, all materials relating to the history of the 
State. 

2. An agency for serving as a "general information bu- 
reau" and for preparing and publishing, from time to 
time, valuable statistical information relating to the 
State. 

3. An agency for the preparation and publication of an Of- 
ficial Register of the State after each general election. 

4. An agency for editing the sources of Mississippi His- 
tory. 

5. An agency for locating historic sites and co-operating 
with the Historical Society in preserving and appropri- 
ately marking the same. 

6. An agency for directing the future work of the Missis- 
sippi Historical Commission. 

III. The Mississippi Historical Society. 

1. An agency for stimulating an interest in State history 
by means of annual public meetings. 






42 Mississippi Historical Society. 

2. An agency for stimulating research through the publi- 
cation of finished products of history. 

3. An agency for fostering local historical societies 
throughout the State. 

4. An agency for directing and encouraging "field work." 

It is believed that nothing further needs to be said in order 
to emphasize the necessity of prompt action along the lines 
indicated by this Report. There are strong symptoms of an 
historical renaissance throughout the Union. The mainte- 
nance of our dignity as an historic people demands such action. 
The history of the West and the Southwest is being written 
now. And whether or not Mississippi will be considered on 
the pages of history, as she has been on the field of action, the 
peer of the other States of the Southwest, will depend upon 
the advantages we take of our opportunities to perpetuate the 
deeds of our fathers. 

Respectfully submitted, 

Franklin L. Riley, 
J. M. White, 
Chas. B. Galloway, 
T. L. Mellen. 
University, Mississippi, November 1, ipoi. 



Historical Work in Other States. 43 



APPENDIX. 

In order to emphasize the importance of the recommendations con- 
tained in the preceding Report, it is deemed necessary to give a brief 
statement showing the estimation in which this subject is held by other 
States of the Union and by the Federal Government. A detailed state- 
ment of "What the United States Government Has Done for History" 
will be found in the Annual Report of the American Historical Association 
for 1894, pages 549-561. An interesting sketch entitled "The Promo- 
tion of Historical Studies in the South" will be found in the Publications 
of the Southern History Association, Volume L, pages 13-34. Briefer 
summaries of what twenty-three States and the Federal Government 
have done for their history will be found in the Report of the Alabama 
History Commission, pp. 27-36. It is a matter of regret to the Commis- 
sion that these valuable articles cannot be here reproduced in full. 

The following briefer and more comprehensive statements of what a 
few states, representing different parts of the Union, are doing for 
their history are here given: 

Alabama. — In 1852 Alabama purchased fifty copies of Pickett's 
History of Alabama for $150. The military records and papers relating 
to Alabama troops in the War between the State, collected by William 
H. Fowler, were purchased for $3,000. To this should be added a few 
hundred dollars paid him in depreciated currency on his salary as Su- 
perintendent of war records. The State has also paid $172 for copies 
of rolls of Alabama troops in the Mexican War from the Department 
of War, Washington, D. C. In 1898 it appropriated to the Alabama 
Historical Society $500 to aid in the publication of its Transactions and 
the same amount for the printing and binding of the Report of the 
Alabama History Commission. On February 27, 1901, the General 
Assembly of the State created a Department of Archives and History 
and made "a continuing appropriation" of $1,800 per annum for the 
salary of the Director thereof and $700 per annum for the maintenance 
of said Department. This act also provided for the publication and 
binding of an Annual Report of the Director and for a second volume 
of the Report of the Alabama History Commission and for the publi- 
cation of biennial Official and Statistical Registers of the State, in edi- 
tions of 1,000 bound copies and for "issuing all blanks, circulars, notices, 
and forms" "needed for the use of said Department," all of which are 
to be paid for out of the Treasury of the State. 

Massachusetts. — A full account of the support given to historical 
work in Massachusetts will serve to show in what estimation the sub- 
ject is held by the citizens of that great State. The following state*- 
ment, prepared by Mr. James J. Tracy, Chief of Archives Division of 
the Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth, was published in the 
Report of the Alabama History Commission, pages 26-32: 

"There has always been a very considerable and influential element 
in Massachusetts, taking pride in her early records, who have been 
able to secure legislation directed toward their care and preservation, 
and the publication of them. In one respect, conditions have been ex- 
ceedingly favorable for having the work done above referred to, as the 
office of the Secretary, under Colony, Province, and Commonwealth, 
has always been the repository for all official records of the State, 
legislative as well as executive; and all the successive officials entrusted 
with the custody of the records, have in a greater or less degree made 
them accessible to the public, indexed and arranged them, and favored 
publication whenever public sentiment demanded it. 

"The growth of the various patriotic societies, and the stimulation 
among people of all classes, of an interest in early American history, 



44 Mississippi Historical Society. 

has brought within the last decade the creation of a department or di- 
vision in the Secretary's office, where all records, apart from the cur- 
rent routine of the office, are filed and stored, and this division contains 
today a larger number of clerks than any other in the Secretary's of- 
fice. 

"The force employed in the Archives division numbers fourteen per- 
sons in all, which requires an annual expenditure of $11,040.00 in sal- 
aries. Their work consists entirely in indexing, arranging and filing 
the records; proof reading the official publication now going through 
the press, entitled, 'Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors in the War 
of the Revolution;' assisting persons interested in historical and gen- 
ealogical researches; and issuing official certificates or certified ab- 
stracts from the records and returns preserved here. 

"You will understand the importance of the Archives department, 
and the work carried on there, when I state that all the early records 
from 1628 to the adoption of the State Constitution, officially connect- 
ed with the State in any way whatsoever, rest on the shelves and in 
the files of the division. From the adoption of the Constitution down 
to the present date, all executive records, Council records and files, 
all legislative records, with their accompanying papers, that is, the 
original bills and resolves, committee report, et cetera, as well as the 
engrossed acts and resolves, together with all records of civil appoint- 
ments, are all preserved here, and the whole collection is accessible, 
under reasonable and proper restrictions, to any and everybody. 

"Inquiries of every sort and nature relating to the early history of 
the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and the Plymouth Bay Colony, or from 
Historical students, or from persons interested in the service of an- 
cestors, are answered freely without charge unless certified abstracts 
from the records are desired. 

"An annual appropriation of $5,000.00 for the care and preservation 
of the Archives, is also at the disposal of the division, and more or 
less of it is expended every year in the mounting, repairing, or re- 
binding the manuscript records. 

"An annual appropriation of $3,000.00 is also placed at the disposal 
of the Secretary, to pay for a volume of the 'Massachusetts Soldiers 
and Sailors in the War of the Revolution,' and one volume, at least, 
is finished every year. I would state that 7 volumes of the records re- 
ferred to have been completed up to this time, and should be found 
in your State library. 

"I have practically had charge of the work in the Archives division 
since 1891, although it was not made a separate and independent di- 
vision under the nominal direction of the Secretary until several years 
later. 

"The first important work undertaken by me, after my plans for the 
classification and publication of the State records had been adopted by 
the Archives Commission, was the compilation of a record index to 
the Revolutionary rolls collection, which gives the exact service rec- 
ord of every individual credited with service in the State's collection 
of muster and pay rolls, enlistments returns, et cetera. This record 
index numbers between six hundred and fifty and seven hundred thou- 
sand separate slips, and assorted together, furnishes all the informa- 
tion obtainable in the original records, for every separate individual. 
This record index also serves for the preparation of copy for the pub- 
lished records, and also renders unnecessary the use of the original vol- 
umes by the general public in searching for records of ancestors. 

"The appropriation for the compilation of the record index and pub- 
lication was made in 1891, and the sum of $15,500.00 was allowed for the 
work. The $3,000.00 annually appropriated, before referred to, is made 
to cover the successive volumes as they are gotten up. 

"I have also completed a record index to the French and Indian War 



Historical Work in Other States. 45 

muster rolls, covering the period of 1710-1774, within the past two 
years, and I have no doubt that later on the publication of those rec- 
ords will be ordered, but at present there is no opportunity to publish 
the records, owing to the complete occupation of the force at my 
disposal in the necessary work of the office, and the publication of the 
Revolutionary records. 

"So much for the work carried on in this office, year by year. 

"As I have stated, it would hardly be possible to furnish you with 
the amounts appropriated by the State for publication of records, and 
for rendering them more accessible to the public by indexing, et cetera, 
in the past. 

"Among the publications that have been made under the direction of 
the Secretary of the Commonwealth, are the records of the Massachu- 
setts Bay Colony, in 5 volumes, covering the period of 1628-1686, these 
being copies of the first five volumes of the General Court records of 
the Colony; the Plymouth Colony records, covering 12 volumes of the 
original records at Plymouth; the Acts and Resolves of the Province 
of Massachusetts Bay, covering the period from 1692 to the adoption 
of the State Constitution in 1780. Of these last, the volumes of acts for 
the entire period named have been published, but the volumes of re- 
solves only carry the work down to 1708. I would state that the work 
was suspended for a while, but is again in progress, although not under 
the direction of the Secretary of the Commonwealth, being published 
under the direction of a commission. 

"An edition of what are known as the 'Early Acts,' being the acts 
and resolves of the General Court from the adoption of the State Con- 
stitution in 1786 down to 1806, was also made in this office, and edited 
by me, and completed about two years ago. This work comprised 
some 13 volumes, for which a separate and distinct appropriation was 
allowed by the* State and the publication covered the period of about 
10 years. 

"The Adjutant General's office also has secured from time to time 
appropriations for the purpose of indexing and publishing the records 
of the Civil War, et cetera. And for the care of such records, apart 
from the regular routine work of the office. 

"As you will see by the foregoing statements, the department for the 
care of records, and their publication, has grown to be a very import- 
ant one here in Massachusetts, and is entirely separate from the Sec- 
retary's office, except that its chief, as I have said before, is nominally 
under his direction, although from the time of my taking charge of the 
work here, I have been allowed a free hand and autocratic authority in 
all matters connected with the records." 

New York. — The following account of what New York has done for 
her history is also taken from the Report of the Alabama History Commis- 
sion: 

"The office of the Adjutant General has published 17 volumes of the 
individual records of New York soldiers in the Civil War; the State 
Comptroller has published 'New York in the Revolution,' 1 volume; 
and the Office of the 'State Historian,' 7 volumes of historical papers. 
The State has had extensive researches made in foreign offices, and 
copies of all the papers of pertinent value made. The historical work 
of the State is now conducted through a State Historian, the average 
annual appropriation for the maintenance of his office being, during 
the past two years, $13,350.00. The expenses of securing data and of 
publishing the above volumes has been very great. The State His- 
torian says: 'Since 1885 New York has been very generous in her 
legislative appropriation for historical work and historical researches,' 
and 'has annually appropriated in the neighborhood of $50,000.00 a year 
for historical work.' " 

North Carolina. — The State of North Carolina has published nine- 



46 Mississippi Historical Society. 

teen volumes cf Colonial and State Records (1662-1799), a Legislative 
Manual (1874), and Rosters of North Carolina troops in the War of 
1812, the War with Mexico, and the War between the States. This 
Commonwealth has expended about $6,000.00 for copying documents in 
the British Archives. 

Ohio. — The State of Ohio has published twelve volumes of Rosters 
of Ohio soldiers in the Mexican and Civil Wars, at a cost that cannot 
be accurately determined. It also paid $20,000.00 for the plates of 
Howe's History of Ohio, and has printed and distributed several thou- 
sand copies of this book. In addition to these expenditures the State 
now gives a regular annual appropriation of $7,000.00 to the State 
Historical Society. 

Rhode Island. — The State of Rhode Island has paid for the publica- 
tion of its Colonial Records in ten volumes. This will be followed 
shortly by the Rosters of its soldiers in the Revolutionary War. In 
1899 an appropriation of $1,500.00 was made to the Rhode Island His- 
torical Society and $500.00 to the Newport Historical Society, besides 
$2,478.00 to other phases of historical work. More recent data has not 
been obtained. 

Pennsylvania. — The State of Pennsylvania has published sixty-one 
volumes of its Colonial, Revolutionary and Miscellaneous Records. 
The Papers of the Governor, which constitute a fourth series, are now 
being published. We are told that "these volumes are prepared under 
the supervision of an editor who gets $500 a volume, each to contain 
800 octavo pages. The State pays all expenses of procuring copies and 
printing. The work of the editor consists in locating and selecting ma- 
terial, editing and getting the volumes from the press." No satisfac- 
tory estimate can be made of the amount that has been expended by 
the State on its history. 

Wisconsin. — The State of Wisconsin has paid for the publication of 
Smith's History of Wisconsin (two volumes, 1854) I Strong's Territorial 
History of Wisconsin (1885); Roster of Wisconsin Volunteers in the Civil 
War (1886); the Wisconsin Historical Collections (15 volumes); and the 
Proceedings of the annual meetings and other papers that have been 
prepared by the Secretary of the Historical Society from time to time. 
In addition to this the State pays over $15,000.00 a year to the Histori- 
cal Society. 

On October 19, 1900, the new State Historical Building, which was 
erected by legislative act at a cost of over half a million dollars, was 
dedicated. The State felt justified in this great expenditure of money 
for such a building in order to provide a safe place of deposit for the 
priceless accumulations of nearly half a century of activity in collecting 
and preserving historical materials. The collections of the Society 
contain valuable materials relating to Mississippi as well as to the 
many other States which have neglected the sources of their history. 

Federal Government. — The following extract from a paper by the 
Hon. A. Howard Clark in the Report of the American Historical Associa- 
tion for 1894 will give an idea of what the Federal Government had 
done at that time towards preserving its history: 

"The United States Government has spent more than $2,000,000 in 
the acquisition and publication of records pertaining alone to our coun- 
try's history. It has spent many millions more in the erection of his- 
torical memorials, in preservation of historical places and in celebration 
of historical events, and is annually expending more than $250,000 
directly in behalf of American history. . 

"No nation ever undertook such a magnificent historical work as is 
now approaching completion under charge of most efficient bureaus of 
the War and Navy Departments. What war has ever been officially re- 
corded in such detail and with such absolute accuracy as the late civil 
war — 140 volumes of 100,000 pages of authentic documents, with half a 



Historical Work in Other States. 47 

thousand accurate maps of battlefields and plans, telling the tragic 
story of the armies, both Union and Confederate, during those event- 
ful years; and 25 volumes more, telling in like manner of the opera- 
tions of the navies, North and South, during that war. 

"To record the history of the colonial period belongs primarily to 
the original colonies and not to the Federal Government, yet our 
Government has collected a mass of material pertaining to that era. 
The patriotic Peter Force, a citizen of the District of Columbia, 
brought together a storehouse of authentic information concerning 
the colonial, the Revolutionary, and the earlier constitutional periods, 
and under his direction the Government, between 1833 and 1855, pub- 
lished 9 folio volumes of American Archives gathered by him, and 
covering the doings of 1774 and 1775. Unfortunate opposition arose 
from some unknown source and blocked this magnificent work so well 
begun. Mr. Force was greatly discouraged at the failure of the Gov- 
ernment to continue this valuable series, and in 1867 he sold to the 
United States for $11,000.00 all his papers and libraries, forming a 
collection of 360 folio volumes of manuscripts and 60,000 books and 
pamphlets relating entirely to American history; and these records 
are now preserved in the Library of Congress, where also are care- 
fully stored more than 5,000 original manuscripts pertaining to early 
periods of our history. ******* 

******* The official papers of Washington, Jefferson, Madi- 
son, Monroe, Hamilton, Franklin, and of some other eminent Ameri- 
cans whose lives were part of the nation's history during historical 
periods, have been secured by the Government at great cost, and are 
carefully guarded from harm, though many of them are yet unprinted." 



AN ACCOUNT OF MANUSCRIPTS, PAPERS, 
AND DOCUMENTS PERTAINING TO 
MISSISSIPPI IN PUBLIC RE- 
POSITORIES BEYOND 
THE STATE. 



SECTION i.— FOREIGN OFFICES. 
By P£T£r J. Hamii/eon. 

The history of Mississippi during colonial times is that of 
outlying settlements dependent upon capitals on the coast. 
There were no large towns and the records of these settlements, 
so far as they had any, have disappeared. The most that can 
be obtained is incidental light and notice from the records of 
these capitals themselves, and yet there is more of this than 
might be supposed. 

In this article no account will be taken of the aboriginal re- 
mains. These are numerous and have received some study, 
but are fully treated in other parts of this report. It may be 
remarked, however, that much contemporary information as 
to the Indians will be found in the papers to which reference 
will be made below. The discoverers and travelers were much 
interested and concerned in the condition and attitude of the 
natives, and therefore have as much to say about these as about 
their own development. 

Among the European nations the Spanish were the discov- 
erers of the region now known as Mississippi. The French 
were the first settlers in 1699. The English succeeded them in 
1763. The Spaniards conquered the country from the English 
in 1779 and held it until dispossessed by the Americans in 1798 
in consequence of the delimitation by Ellicott. It will be most 
convenient to consider the sources chronologically. There 
are three classes of papers, throwing light on these periods, 
some of which have been published: Reports of discoverers 
or explorers and other officers, Maps, and Accounts of Travel- 
ers. Much of what has been published is almost as rare as the 
originals and could be profitably copied so far as it relates to 
Alabama and Mississippi. This is the more easy as most of it 
is accessible in some or other of the larger libraries of this 
country. Spanish scholars have not been idle, as is testified by 
the great collections of Munoz, Navarette and the Madrid 
Academy of History. Ternaux-Compans has translated some 
important papers into French, and B. F. French in his volumi- 
nous and rare Historical Collections of Louisiana has rendered 



52 Mississippi Historical Society. 

many into English. These compilations should be made ac- 
cessible, for they cover the interior so far as then known as 
well as the shores of our great Gulf. 

i. Spanish Exploration. 

The first Spanish period was that of discovery and explora- 
tion. There can be no doubt that much in the way of reports 
of explorers as well as maps by them and others remain in the 
libraries and public offices of Spain. Of these the most impor- 
tant is the collection at Seville, as all papers relating to the 
Indies passed through the Casa de Contratacion of that port. 
Search has been made at different times in this collection but 
much remains to be investigated. 

At Seville, therefore, as I have elsewhere remarked, ought 
to be the richest sources for this early period. Much has been 
moved to Simancas and Madrid to form more central national 
collections and much work can be done there. But in the re- 
moval these papers have become known, indexed in part and to 
some extent published, and we judge that most of the American 
local material, because not specially affecting continental his- 
tory, has been left at Seville. The writer of this article, through 
Hon. Hannis Taylor when minister to Spain, had a preliminary 
examination made for Alabama-Mississippi material, but with- 
out success. This search, however, was perfunctory. The 
proper way to do in the future is to employ a trained Spanish 
archivist, or to send from America one familiar with the his- 
tory and with Spanish language and methods, who shall go to 
these archives, after proper authorization, and search through 
them. By a union of the forces of the States and societies in- 
terested, much can be done. Archive searching is a recognized 
business and many good men in Europe give their lives to it at 
so much a day or hour. 

At present the chief of archives at Seville is Sr. Pedro Torres 
Lanzas, who in his courtly manner is anxious to be of assistance 
to all historical inquirers. He has recently published at Se- 
ville a descriptive relation of the maps in the archives relating 
to Florida and Mexico. All of the Gulf coast north and east 
of Mexico was called Florida by the Spaniards, so that this list 
embraces everything of interest to us of the Gulf States. The 
list gives the date, author, name, dimensions, location, and 



France. 53 

other distinguishing marks of all maps, and thus generally 
there is no difficulty in making out to what it applies. Photo- 
graphs will be supplied or tracings at fairly reasonable rates 
on application to Sr. Pedro Torres Lanzas, and in this way 
study can be conducted almost as well as on the spot. I have 
had a number of such copies made. Few of these maps have 
ever been published and this little book in two volumes indi- 
cates an unexplored mine waiting to be worked. The early 
navigators from the time of Columbus left different maps and 
plans and even many points on our coast are yet to be identi- 
fied. 

So far as I know this work of Lanzas is practically unknown 
in the South. It contains a list and description of 516 items, 
some coming down to the nineteenth century. The full title is 
as follows : "Relacion Descriptiva de los Mapas, Pianos, &, 
de Mexico y Floridas existentes en el archivo general de In- 
dias por Pedro Torres Lanzas, Jefe de dicho Archivo, Seville, 
Imp. de El Mercantil, San Eloy 16, 1900." 

Although its treasures are in printed form and thus not 
strictly manuscript, reference should be made to the admir- 
able collection of Dutch, German, English and French charts 
and maps made by Mr. William Beer for the excellent How- 
ard Memorial (reference) Library at New Orleans. He is an 
indefatigable collector and has got together a fine collection 
throwing great light upon the exploration and development 
of our southern country. It covers Mississippi as well as 
adjacent States. 

2. France:. 

The French records have been much more systematized than 
the Spanish and their contents are better known. The work 
of Pierre Margry, from 1842 until his death, has been invalu- 
able, and it is pleasant to remember that the publication of his 
great collection was due to an appropriation by the congress 
of the United States. This movement was largely aided by 
Francis Parkman. Parkman used his own influence and se- 
cured that of all others interested in the subject to have the 
bill favorably passed on. Margry gives us several forms for 
his title. On this side he has, — "Memoires et documents pour 
scrirr a l'histoire des origines Francaises des pays d'outre- 
mer;" and then follows the sub-title, repeated inside, — "De- 



54 Mississippi Historical Society. 

couvertes et Etablissements des Francais dans l'ouest at dans le 
sud de l'Amerique Septentrionale (1614-1754). Memoires et 
documents originaux recueillis et publiees par Pierre Margry, 
Membre," etc. Each volume again has a special title with the 
year of Publication at Paris. 

It is in six volumes, covering the periods of LaSalle, Iber- 
ville and their successors. The periods treated in these vol- 
ums are as follows : — Volume 1, Discovery of the Great Lakes, 
Ohio and Mississippi ; 2, Correspondence of LaSalle ; 3, Search 
for the Mississippi mouth; 4, Iberville's discovery of the 
mouth and his Gulf establishments ; 5, Forming a chain of posts 
from the St. Lawrence to the Gulf; and 6, Exploration of the 
Mississippi affluents and of the Rocky Mountains. 

It is true that these cannot be called manuscript sources 
in the strict sense of the term, but they are simply publications 
of original documents and are only selections from what are 
scattered through several collections at Paris. His references 
indicate material in the following branches of the government, 
etc., — Archives of the Marine, Bibliotheque Nationale, Min- 
istry of Foreign Affairs, Prefecture de Seine-et-Oise, Semin- 
aire de Saint Sulpice, besides sundry private collections. (See 
particularly the table at the end of his third volume.) 

For Mississippi the LaSalle period has considerable interest, 
but that of Iberville and Bienville was more important yet. 
During this time the coast settlements were made, the interior 
explored and colonies planted at Natchez and other places. The 
pioneers of course were the coureurs du bois or wood rangers 
from Canada. These left no records and were as shadowy as 
the American traders who later introduced Anglo-Saxon civil- 
ization. 

Although not manuscript, the invaluable Louisiana Histor- 
ical Collection by B. F. French also should not be forgotten. 
This set is almost as rare as the manuscripts it translates and is 
not found in every large library. It covers the Spanish as well 
as the French periods. 

Mr. Brymmer had Marmette working in the colonial arch- 
ives at Paris 1883 to 1887, and more lately Mr. Edouard Richard 
examining along the same lines. A report of Mr. Richard has 
just been published by the Canadian government in a substan- 
tial volume of 548 pages, including a digest of much of the ma- 



France. 55 

terial he found. The papers he reports are now in the minis- 
tere des colonies in the attic of the Louvre. This location is 
exceedingly dangerous as it has no heating apparatus beyond 
stoves whose pipes run through board partitions and canvas 
ceilings. The report of 35 pages deserves careful examination, 
and amongst other references in the annexed papers may be 
mentioned especially pages 334, 341, 411, 424, 429, 462, 476, 
482, 512 and 531. 

Mr. Richard mentions as especially relating to Louisiana 
series C, 13 having 54 registers, 1 carton and 55 papers, and in 
another series register 59 covering 1692 to 1776, besides other 
papers also. The series C. 13 he summarizes as follows: 

"Correspondance Generale. 
''Louisiana. 54 Registers and 1 Carton. 
"Chronical Order. Governors. 

"Vol. 1, 1678-1706, De Bienville. 

Vol. 2, 1707-1712, " 

Vol. 3, 1713-1715, Lamo the Cadillac. 

Vol. 4, 1716, 

Vols. 6 to io, . . 1720-1726, De Bienville. 

Vols. 16 to 27, . 1733-1742, " 

Vol. 28, 1743-1744, De Vaudreuil and De Bienville. 

Vols. 29-35, 1745-1751, De Vaudreuil. 

Vols. 36 and 37, 1752-1754, De Kerleree and De Vaudreuil. 

"2nd Series — Correspondance Generale. 

"One Carton, 1669-1773. 

Miscellaneous — Vol. 2, 1669-1724, Posts of Louisiana. 

Vol. 3, 1695-1736, Enterprises of Cavalier de La Salle. 
Vol. 4, 1718-1731, Posts in Louisiana." 

He gives an account of the formation of the colonial arch- 
ives, which I copy in full: 

"A few words here embodying a brief history of the colonial archives 
of France may be of some value. To find the origin of the colonial 
archives we must go back to Colbert. When creating the Department 
of Marine in 1669, the great minister, who had had charge of the 
colonies for a period reaching as far back as 1662, had caused to be 
collected and transcribed the principal dispatches and instructions re- 
lating to the territorial possessions of France beyond the seas. This 
precious collection, which was continued thenceforward, at first fol- 
lowed the court and was stored in the Chateaux used by Louis XIV. 
Being less easy of transport, from year to year, owing to its increasing 
volume, under Louis XIV. it was placed in the palace of Versailles in 
1764, and it was not until 1837 that the colonial archives of the marine 
were finally removed to Paris and to the Ministere de la Marine. In 
short, notwithstanding thirteen complete removals and many vicissi- 
tudes, these archives now forming a total of over 20,000 registers, and 
4,000 cartons, are all but intact and in perfect order. Colbert had di- 
vided the archives into letters sent and letters received. Files or in- 
dividual records were also made and books of account kept. The 
classification of the colonial archives was not in conformity with that 
of the offices. Thus, while up to 1810, the eastern colonies were classi- 



56 Mississippi Historical Society. 

fied administratively as under the control of La Marine de Levant, and 
the western colonies under that of La Marine de Ponant, there were 
special registers for the colonies. Colbert in stimulating the develop- 
ment of these distant establishments, foresaw that they would become 
of such importance as to require a distinct centralization, and he had 
made provision for its accomplishment by separating the Colonial cor- 
respondence from that of the Marine. In 1710, under the administra- 
tion of the second Pontchartrain, the colonial services west and east 
were combined into one single bureau, that of the Colonies generally, 
and inasmuch as the trading companies (and notably La Compagnie 
des Indes), were self-governing and relieved the central administration 
of a large proportion of the correspondence, this arrangement was 
successfully maintained for nearly 60 years. About the year 1770, on 
the final downfall of the Companies, two colonial Bureaux were es- 
tablished, under the several titles: 'Amerique' and Tnde.' The Cen- 
tral Service was carried on thus until 1783, when the control was placed 
in the hands of an Intendant. Lastly, in 1791, an 'Administration 
Generate des Colonies,' with an increase of offices, was created and 
has remained practically what it now is, ever since. Moreover, at the 
beginning of the Revolution, the Ministry of Marine and Colonies was 
transferred to Paris, leaving its archives at Versailles, where they had 
abundant room to increase and multiply in the deserted palace. And 
thus it was that from and after the same year, 1791, the archives of the 
Marine and the Colonies constituted two distinct collections, the one 
being known as 'Le depot de la Marine a Versailles,' and the other 
as Le depot des Colonies et des chartres des Colonies a Versailles.' 
The latter contained in the first place: the archives of the bureaux,, 
ministerial correspondence, and the general correspondence of colonial 
governors; secondly, public papers, civil acts — notarial and judicial— 
the codes, colonial regulations, returns of passengers, &c, &c, dupli- 
cates whereof were sent to Versailles in pursuance of the Royal edict 
of June, 1776. The following circumstances brought about this im- 
portant enactment, which is still in force. In 1758, when the inhabit- 
ants of Louisburg were removed from their homes and brought back 
to France, the parish priests, the notaries and the clerks of the various 
tribunals, seeing no prospect of returning, took the precaution of car- 
rying away with them the registers, deeds and records of their respec- 
tive offices. On reaching Rochefort they formally delivered them over 
to the authorities of the port, who were enabled when called upon so 
to do, to furnish to parties interested proper transcripts or abstracts 
of the various deeds or entries. This advantage was so highly appre- 
ciated that the ministers, in or about the year 1766, instructed the gov- 
ernors of colonies to forward to Rochefort duplicates of all records of 
baptisms, marriages and burials and of all other documents relating 
to persons or property. This is still done, but the papers are now sent 
to Paris." 

For purposes of reference it is valuable to have a list of the 
ministers who were connected with the colonies, and Mr. Rich- 
ard gives these as follows : 

"Ministers: 
"7th March, 1669, J. Bte. Colbert. 
6th September, 1683, J- B. Colbert, Marquis De Seignelay. 
7th November, 1690, Louis De Phelypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. 
Chancelier. 
6th September, 1699, Jerome Phelypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. 
1st September, 1715, Victor Marie D'Estrees, Marechal de France, 
Pres. du Cons, de Marine. 



France. 57 

24th September, 1718, Jos. T. B. Fleuriau D'Armenonville, Sec. of 

State (pour la signateur seulement.) 
9th April, 1722, Chas. F. B. Fleuriau D'Armenonville, comte de 

Morville. 
22nd March, 1723, Takes full control of department. 
14th August, 1723, Jean Frederic Phelypeaux, comte de Maurepas. 
30th April, 1749, Antoine Louise Rouille, comte de Jouy. 
31st July, J. Bte. De Machault d'Arnonville. 
1st February, 1757, Francois Marie de Moras. 
1st June, 1758, Claude Louis, Marquis de Massiac. 
1st November, 1758, Nicolas Rene Berryer. 
4th October, 1761, Etienne Francois de Choiseul de Stainville." 

Richard reports that much cannot now be found, but when 
we remember the revolutions in France we ought to be thank- 
ful that so much is left. Much perished by fire of the Com- 
munards, and we learn from Harrison that the losses go back 
further yet. This writer says, "The archives of the Ministry 
of Marine are so utterly neglected, that the precious papers 
preserved therein were used during five weeks of the winter of 
1793 as fuel to feed the stove of the Post of the Garde Nation- 
ale, established in the very building where the archives were 
kept." And further on he states : "In 1830 an employee gave 
up the archives to pillage, and sold by weight, for his own profit, 
whole files of documents, some of which were bought back at 15 
centimes per document by autograph-collectors, and placed in 
private collections, where they are still highly prized." 

It is to be hoped that such search as is to be made will be 
undertaken shortly. Meanwhile we owe much to the industry 
of Douglas Brymmer and his assistant E. Richard. 

Prof. Alcee Fortier, of Tulane University, was in Paris dur- 
ing July, 1900, and made the acquaintance of M. Victor Tantet,. 
sous-chef de bureau archiviste bibliothecaire au Ministere des 
Colonies. M. Tantet made a list of documents concerning 
Louisiana preserved in the Colonial Archives, at the Ministere 
des Colonies, in the Pavilion de Flore, Paris, being mainly 
Series C-C 13, Correspondance Generale. This list is almost 
identical with that of M. Richard above given, although it is 
one register short. It will therefore not be given in full, the 
more so as it may be found in Comptes-Rendus de L'Athenee 
Louisianais for November, 1900. Additional or varying ma- 
terial is given by M. Tantet is as follows : 

1803. Amerique du Nord — Preparatifs pour la reprise de 
possession de la Louisiane. 



58 Mississippi Historical Society. 

1792-1807. Projets de Madgett — Louisiane — Isthmes Amer- 
icains, etc. 

1699-1773. Deuxieme Serie, Correspondance Generale 
Louisiana. 

1767. Memoires et projets — Renseignements divers — Doc- 
uments non dates. 

1 699- 1 724. Postes de la Louisiane. 

1695-1736. Entreprises de Cavelier de la Salle — Lacs et Mis- 
sissippi. 

1718-1731. Postes de la Louisiane. 

Also, i°. 1 registre d'Etat civil — 1720 a 1730; 2 . 2 cartons 
de Recensements ; 3 . La Correspondance de la metropole 
avec les gouverneurs. (Series B. — dite des ordres du Roi.) 

A manuscript abstract of the French archives made by Mar- 
gry and by M. Magne in four volumes may be found in the 
library of the Louisiana Historical Society, now kept at Tulane 
University. The books disappeared with many of the old 
French records in the time of General Butler, but these vol- 
umes at least have been recovered. Margry's manuscript re- 
lates to a good many papers not reprinted in his collection 
above described, although some are to be found in full therein. 
The volume by Magne is especially valuable as giving side light 
on the lives of the officers, priests and other inhabitants. The 
hand-writing in some cases is difficult to decipher, but a brighter 
and more interesting commentary upon the times could hardly 
be found. Of course there is much that is not at all peculiar 
to Mississippi, but a great deal is said there about the people 
who explored the interior, their lives and adventures. 

The list of Paris papers once made by Edmund Forstall can- 
not now be identified in all details. The department of the 
Marine and Colonies has been broken into two, of which that 
of the Marine contains far more of importance to us. The pa- 
pers have accordingly been re-arranged and many could not 
now be found, despite the painstaking interest shown by the 
French officials in my work on Colonial Mobile. 

The papers of Crozat are unknown. It had also been be- 
lieved that the papers of Law's Company had been lost or de- 
stroyed, but it is now said that 140 bundles relating to this 
company are at L'Orient as a part of the archives of that de- 
partment. These deserve attention, the more so as it was in 



France. 59 

the time of this company that so many concessions on the Mis- 
sissippi and elsewhere were granted and the colony of Louisi- 
ana really became approximately self-sustaining. Penicaut re- 
ceived one of these grants, and it will be remembered that his 
narrative, published in Margry's fifth volume, is one of the 
most realistic and interesting accounts of the early French set- 
tlements. 1 

The earliest Catholic missions were conducted by the Semi- 
nary of Quebec and the letters of Davion, St. Cosme and others 
would throw much light upon the establishment of religion in 
Mississippi. The recent re-publication by Burrows Bros, at 
Cleveland of the Jesuit Relations is disappointing so far as Mis- 
sissippi is concerned. There is little concerning our section 
and pretty much all of what is published has been printed before 
in Kip and other accessible books. It is to be remembered, 
however, that there were not a great many priests in what is 
now Mississippi, and even of them at first few Jesuits. The 
Western Company in 1722 gave the Illinois district, which af- 
terwards extended down to Natchez, to the Jesuits, but from 
1726 the Jesuits were given larger powers and their jurisdiction 
included the Chickasaws, Alibamons and Choctaws. There 
ought to be material among the papers of the Seminary of Que- 
bec, and possibly some at the Jesuit general offices at Paris, 
Rome and in Spain. The Monumenta Historica of Polanco, 
now in process of publication from those sources, by Burrows 
Bros., may tend to solve this question. 

An interesting question is as to the location of the Jesuit 

1 As this report was going to the press the following additional in- 
formation with reference to the papers of Law's Company was re- 
ceived through the kindness of Mr. Beer from Ch. Estienne, archivist 
of the department of Morrihan: 

"VannES, July 17, 1901. 

"I learn from the reports made me by Admiral de la Bedolliere, mar- 
itime prefect at L' Orient, that the inventory of the documents put 
under seal in 1788 in consequence of the liquidation of the affairs of 
the company of the Indies was not made until 1806. During the in- 
terval a fire had destroyed part of these archives. Since they have 
been diminished again, partly through destruction, partly because some 
have been transported to the archives of the Marine at Paris, where 
there would be a chance of finding them. So far as they remain, the 
actual state of the papers of the company preserved at L'Orient an- 
swers only partially to the inventory of 1806. It has not been edited. 
So far as concerns Louisiana, there remains at L'Orient only the 
crew lists (roles d'equipage) of 87 vessels armed by the company for 
that destination from 1719 to 1731." 



60 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Choctaw Mission, where father Michael Baudouin was for 18 
years ; and there were others before and after him. It is likely 
that it was at Chickasahay in east Mississippi, some miles to the 
west of Fort Tombecbe. Bernard Romans in 1771 found a 
light-wood cross and the ruins of a destroyed chapel there, but 
the Indians had not been much benefitted. The mission had 
been abandoned by this time and Romans says that when the 
English came the Indians would mimic the motions of the 
Jesuits and the sacred ceremonies of the church. If the rec- 
ords of this mission could be discovered they would be inter- 
esting and valuable. 

There was a regular mission at Natchez during much of the 
French time and J. G. Shea has in his Catholic Church in Co- 
lonial Times given some account of it. Father P. C. Hayden, 
pastor of St. Mary's Cathedral at that place, writes me that 
French or even Spanish records are not known to exist, but 
that some might be found after search among the great num- 
ber of books and documents in their library, although it would 
take a specialist to make a proper investigation. As one does 
not have to go out of the State to do this it is to be hoped the 
search will speedily be begun. Shea saw some of them. 

3. Great Britain. 

The fullest manuscript sources for British times is what is 
known as the Haldimand collection or papers. Frederick Hal- 
dimand was a Swiss, born atYverdun, but from an early date 
in British service. In 1756 he was commandant at Philadel- 
phia and from that time on for many years occupied one posi- 
tion or another in America. After the Seven Years' War he 
was general in command of the British province of West Flor- 
ida, extending from the Chattahoochee to the Mississippi riv- 
ers. The capital was Pensacola, the chief town Mobile, and 
on the Mississippi were three forts. That guarding the bridge 
over the Iberville (Bayou Manchac) was called Fort Bute, and 
one at Natchez was called Fort Panmure, while Baton Rouge 
retained its French name. Biloxi on the coast still recalled 
the Indians. 

Haldimand was in chief command from 1767 to 1773. He 
visited all parts of the province and corresponded with com- 
mandants, natives and officials, preserving carefully everything 



Great Britain. 61 

written to him. This correspondence covers military and civil 
affairs and is invaluable for light thrown on contemporary life 
in all stations. Haldimand was afterwards Governor of Can- 
ada, and to this fact we owe it that the Canadian government, 
at the instigation of that ideal archivist, Douglas Brymmer, has 
had the entire Haldimand collection copied and made avail- 
able to the public at Ottawa. The original papers are in the 
British Museum, having been thus bequeathed in 1858 by the 
nephew of the general, to whom they had descended. Mr. 
Brymmer has done even more. As a supplement to the report 
of the Commissioner of Agriculture — save the mark ! — he is- 
sues yearly a calendar or resume of all papers acquired during 
the preceding twelve months for his archives. The Haldimand 
papers have thus been well digested and the calendar of them 
can be bound separately. The writer has a set in three large 
volumes. Much information may be derived from the calen- 
dar itself, but one can by sending to Mr. Brymmer get the orig- 
inal papers copied in extenso. 

In a narrow street in London called Fetter Lane is a large 
building known as the Record Office. There are kept old Eng- 
lish state papers. These are undergoing investigation and in- 
dexing, and, although not open to the public for a period sub- 
sequent to Henry VIII, on special application later years, may 
be examined. As to America, unlike the Haldimand Papers 
in the British Museum, they cover principally the civil side of 
the colonial government. What has become of the acts and 
resolves of the West Florida Legislature as such is not known ; 
but they can pretty well be restored from communications of 
the different governors, particularly Peter Chester from 1771 
to 1 781, to the home government. Thus in volume 102 and 103 
of the Acts of the Board of Trade, and in volumes 1 to 35 of the 
Acts of the Board of Trade, Florida (West), many of these are 
given in the governor's reports ; for until Edmund Burke made 
his attack upon the Board of Trade this body had a veto on co- 
lonial legislation. In fact this was a great ground of complaint, 
even in the Declaration of Independence of the Atlantic colon- 
ies ; for the Board held up legislation indefinitely. I had an 
archivist in London make an abstract of everything pertaining 
to the Bigbee country in connection with the preparation of 
"Colonial Mobile." This does not throw much light on Mis- 



62 Mississippi Historical Society. 

sissippi as now existing, as the British settlements and grants 
did not go up to the point where the Tombigbee crosses the 
State line. But so much was found as to Alabama that it is not 
to be doubted much remains there as to the forts and settle- 
ments on the Mississippi shores. Much of value for Missis- 
sippi history can certainly be found in vols. 252-267, inclusive, 
of the State Papers relative to America and West Indies, as 
well as in vols. 331 to 334, inclusive, and 438, and in bundle 
533 of the same series. Only the Council could grant lands 
and so land grants are well represented in these records, cover- 
ing, as they do, the minutes and proceedings of the Governor 
and Council. There are also embraced instructions from the 
home government, memorials of individuals, and much miscel- 
laneous matter. The volumes mentioned contain papers from 
1763 until 1781, and in fact there are some others subsequent to 
the evacuation of the country. 

4. Second Spanish Period. 

For the second Spanish period, 1779 to 1813, it will be neces- 
sary to investigate the original Spanish archives still preserved 
at Mobile. The Mississippi river region was actually connected 
more with New Orleans than with Mobile for this period, but 
the official connection of Southeast Mississippi at least was 
with Mobile. Pass Christian as well as the interior was gov- 
erned from that point and much light is thrown upon this part 
of what is now Mississippi by those records. They are con- 
tained in several cypress boxes in the Mobile Probate Court 
and consist of several hundred packages of court and executive 
papers. Most of them, of course, refer to the immediate vi- 
cinity of Mobile itself, but many relate to grants in what is now 
Mississippi, escape of slaves, contracts of traders with the In- 
dians, estates of decedents, and in fact almost everything which 
concerns people subject to that district government. Missis- 
sippi Territory embraced all of Alabama now above the line 
of 31 ° and for that country these records are peculiarly valu- 
able. This, however concerns Alabama history more than 
that of the State of Mississippi. The records were kept in 
Spanish, and the stiff official-handwriting is often hard to de- 
cipher. But at least it is uniform and one soon becomes ac- 
customed to its style. A more serious difficulty is the fact 



Second Spanish Period. 65 

that it is in old and sometimes provincial Spanish and many 
of the words cannot now be found in any of the usual diction- 
aries. Particularly is this true of money and measures. 

Perhaps I should refer to the Spanish church records also at 
Mobile, but these are of local value and those described by J. G. 
Shea at Natchez are of far greater importance to Mississippi. 
At each place will be found record of births, deaths and mar- 
riages, with entries generally showing the business and rank of 
the persons in interest, and they sometimes give attendants, 
sponsors or pall bearers, together with incidental references of 
all kinds. 

There must be much still in Spain, although probably not afr 
Seville, and research in Havana and possibly Matanzas, ought 
to produce good results. 



SECTION 2. FEDERAL ARCHIVES. 
By Thomas M. Owen. 

The Federal archives in the several public offices, or depart- 
ments, in Washington are of vast extent, and as yet have never 
been fully or systematically explored. These date from the 
establishment of the offices, and in some cases extend to the 
foundation of the government. While for many years desul- 
tory and fragmentary use has been made of certain of this ma- 
terial, it is only in the last two or three decades that its real 
extent and value for historical purposes have come to be fully 
appreciated. 

Heads of departments and custodians as a rule have been 
ready to cooperate with investigators and students in the ex- 
ploration of materials in their hands. In some cases descrip- 
tive accounts more or less complete have been published, in 
which the attempt is made to detail the items comprising col- 
lections. Increasing interest in historical investigations, it is 
confidently believed, will lead to the ultimate publication of 
complete calendars or descriptive lists of the archives, or rec- 
ords and files, of every department. 

In these collections there is an abundance of materials bear- 
ing on Mississippi history, particularly for its territorial period. 
The Mississippi Territory was established by Act of Congress, 
April 7, 1798, and on Dec. 10, 1817, it was admitted as a State, 
the eastern portion being formed into the Alabama Territory. 
During the nineteen years of its territorial existence its govern- 
ors and judges were named by the President of the United 
States, and reports of all official acts and doings were required 
to be made to the United States Secretary of State. In this 
office these in large part have been preserved, and it therefore 
presents the most interesting field for the student. 

Secretary oe State. 

The archive division of this department is the "Bureau of 
Rolls and Library," into which are brought together all manu- 
script and documentary materials not necessary to the current 
work of other divisions. These are given the most careful at- 



Secretary of State. 65 

tention as to preservation and arrangement. They are group- 
ed, according to the character of the documents, in an arbitrary 
chapter arrangement, running from "Chapter A" to "Chapter 
N," with others to follow. In order to indicate the scope and 
contents of the collections a series of Bulletins has been pub- 
lished by the department, nine of which have appeared as fol- 
lows, viz: 

Bulletin No. i, September, 1893, contains (1) a catalogue exhibiting 
the existing arrangement of the papers of the Continental Congress; 
(2) a partial miscellaneous index of manuscripts of the Continental 
Congress examined to the date of going to press; (3) the Document- 
ary History of the Constitution for the period preceding the Federal 
Convention — being the Annapolis Convention and credentials of dele- 
gates to the Federal Convention. 

Bulletin No. 2, November, 1893, is a revised and indexed edition 
of the Calendar of the Correspondence of James Monroe. 

Bulletin No. 3, January, 1894, contains (1) a list indicating the ar- 
rangement of the Washington papers; (2) the continuation of a par- 
tial miscellaneous index of the manuscripts of the Continental Con- 
gress; (3) the Documentary History of the Constitution — proceed- 
ings of the Federal Convention. 

Bulletin No. 4, March, 1894, is a Calendar of the Correspondence 
of James Madison. 

Bulletin No. 5, May, 1894, contains (1) an arrangement of the 
papers of Madison, Jefferson, Hamilton, Monroe, and Franklin; (2) 
the continuation of the miscellaneous index; (3) the Documentary His- 
tory of the Constitution — the Constitution as signed in Convention; 
proceedings in Congress; ratifications by the several States. 

Bulletin No. 6, July, 1894, is a Calendar of the Correspondence 
of Thomas Jefferson — Part 1. Letters from Jefferson. 

Bulletin No. 7, September, 1894, contains (1) a list of the territorial 
and State records deposited in the Bureau of Rolls and Library and 
classified as Chapter I of the manuscript books and papers; (2) the 
continuation of a partial miscellaneous index of the manuscripts of 
the Continental Congress; (3) the Documentary History of the Consti- 
tution — Articles in addition to and amendment of the Constitution. 

Bulletin No. 8, November, 1894, is a Calendar of the Correspon- 
dence of Thomas Jefferson — Part II. Letters to Jefferson. 

Bulletin No. 9, October, 1897, contains (1) the continuation of the 
miscellaneous index; (2) Documentary History of the Constitution — 
Madison's Notes of the Proceedings of the Federal Convention. 

Chapter "I," as referred to in Bulletin No. 7, contains the 
following important collections, relating in whole or in part to 
events in Mississippi history, viz: 

Governors. — Various letters and papers, covering the period 1790 
1812, from the chief executives of the different States, gathered to- 
gether under the general title "Letters from Governors of States." 

Louisiana. — "Governor Claiborne's correspondence relative to 
Louisiana," 1803-1812. In 6 volumes, folio. 

"Papers relating to the Southern Boundary," 1806-1818. In 1 vol- 
ume, folio. 

Copies of acts of the legislature of the State for the year 1807, let- 



66 Mississippi Historical Society. 

ters and accompanying documents. Filed under the title 'Tapers and 
Records of the Territories." 

Mississippi. — "Governor's correspondence in the Mississippi Terri- 
tory 1804-1815." In 1 volume, folio. (See also papers filed under the 
title "Papers and Records of the Territories.") 

"Proceedings of the Executive Council and Legislature in the Mis- 
sissippi Territory 1809-1816." In 2 volumes, folio. 

Tennessee. — "Journal of the proceedings of William Blount, Es- 
quire, governor in and over the Territory of the United States of 
America south of the river Ohio," with letters and accompanying pa- 
pers. Filed under the title "Papers and Records of the Territories." 

The several Miscellaneous Indexes, as well as the Calendars 
of the Monroe, Madison and Jefferson papers, contain perti- 
nent references. 

This Bureau contains also the valuable Kohl Collection of 
Maps relating to America, a description and classified Calendar 
of which was published in 1866 by Justin Winsor, as Biblio- 
graphical Contributions of Harvard University, No. 19. 

The "Index Bureau" contains copies of the department cor- 
respondence with the governors of the States and Territories, 
arranged chronologically, and designated as "Domestic Let- 
ters." Fragmentary collections of letters from Mississippi 
Territorial officials will also be found here. 

The "Bureau of Appointments and Commissions" contains 
complete records of all commissions to Federal officials so far 
as issued by the State Department. In the miscellaneous class 
are included governors and secretaries of Territories, and 
judges, attorneys and marshals of Federal courts in the States 
and Territories. 

War Department. 

Much valuable material in relation to many subjects of State 
history is scattered through the various divisions of this de- 
partment. Reference is made elsewhere to the vast collection 
of records on file in the Record and Pension Office, which in- 
clude the rosters, etc., of Mississippi troops in all wars. Below 
will be found mention of the collections of the office of the Chief 
of Engineers. The offices of the Adjutant-General, the Pay- 
master-General, the Judge-Advocate-General, as well as other 
offices, are filled with interesting records. The records and 
files of this department have been listed in a comprehensive 
way in a publication issued under the direction of the Secretary 
of War in 1890 (8 vo., pp. 145), the lists being arranged by of- 



Interior Department. 67 

ficers and divisions. Details can be obtained from this valu- 
able publication. 

Interior Department. 

In this department proper the only records in manuscript 
which are of uocal interest are the documents and papers of the 
several Federal censuses, from the First to the Eleventh, inclu- 
sive. The original returns for the census years 1800, 1810, 
1820 and 1830 are of peculiar interest as showing the full names 
of the persons enumerated, with details as to the age and extent 
of families, and their residence in local areas. The manuscript 
returns for succeeding years are also preserved in bound form. 

Post Oeeice Department. 

Lists of all post offices established in the State, with dates 
of establishment and discontinuance, are preserved in this de- 
partment, together with names of all postmasters, and the dates 
of their commissions. 

The department correspondence, complete from Oct. 3, 1789, 
abounds in details concerning the establishment and discontinu- 
ance of post offices and of postal affairs in Mississippi from 
the earliest territorial times. 

Treasury Department. 
In this department the offices of the Light House Board, the 
Marine Hospital Service, the Internal Revenue Service, the 
United States Coast and Geodetic Surveys, and of the Super- 
vising Architect, each contain data concerning their respective 
activities in the State. A liberal spirit obtains in the office of the 
Secretary of the Treasury, and valuable details on all subjects 
under its jurisdiction will be supplied on application. 

General Land Oeeice. 
The records of this office from its establishment, April 25, 
1812, are practically complete. Here are preserved the orig- 
inal papers and correspondence concerning Mississippi lands. 
Field Notes are complete, and are filed in Division "L." 
Tract Books are complete, and are filed in Division "C." 
Correspondence with Surveyors-General is filed in Division 
"E," and that with Land Commissioners in Division "G." The 
Letters date from the establishment of the office, and are with- 
out break. 



68 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Division U L" contains a fine collection of maps and plats, and 
private land claim surveys. 

In this Division is also to be found all existing manuscript 
documents and surveys relating to Mississippi boundaries. 
These consist of maps, field notes and correspondence.* 

All papers in reference to private land claims are filed in Di- 
vision "G." These are numerous and interesting. 

The records, consisting of journals, documents, etc., of the 
land commissioners, appointed and acting under the Act of 
Congress of March 3, 1803, are also preserved. 

Bureau of Pensions. 
The military records and other papers connected with all 
pensions issued to soldiers in the Revolutionary War, the War 
of 1812, the War with Mexico, the Indian Wars, and the War 
between the Confederate States and the United States, are pre- 
served in the Bureau of Pensions. These consist of application 
and proof. The latter often embraces copies of family records, 
and also original documents showing service, discharge, etc. 
On application the Bureau will furnish descendants abstracts of 
the records of their ancestors as shown by the papers filed. 

Other Offices. 

All correspondence and other papers in reference to Federal 
Courts in the State are to be found in the Department of Jus- 
tice. The "Department Register," compiled from original 
records in the State Department, contains lists of Federal 
judges, attorneys, marshals and other court officials. 

The Patent Office records are remarkably complete. Mis- 
sissippi patentees and inventions can be located by means of 
the very thorough office indexes. Models are regarded as parts 
of the applications to whicn they relate, and are preserved up 
to 1880, since which time they have not been required. 

Data concerning river and harbor improvements, as well as 
the official records and papers in reference to all defensive 
works and fortifications erected by the Federal government, 
in the State are preserved by the office of the Chief of Engin- 

*As illustrating the extent of boundary material, reference is here 
made to a list of documents and papers on file in the General Land 
Office affecting the Mississippi and Alabama boundary, published in 
the Transactions of the Alabama Historical Society, 1897-98, vol. ii., 
pp. 92-93. 



Other Offices. 69 

eers. The annual reports of this office contain much detail in 
reference to the former, but the records of defensive works be- 
ing confidential, have never been published. 

The records of the Office of Indian Affairs, created July 9, 
1832, are approximately complete from this date, and include 
data in reference to the Indians then resident in Mississippi. 
Records prior to this date are only imperfectly preserved, and 
some of them are supposed to be in the War Department. 
The best source for information concerning Indian relations 
is to be found in the two folio volumes of American State pa- 
pers, entitled Indian Affairs, concerning the period May 25, 
1789, to March 1, 1827. Annual Reports of the office have reg- 
ularly appeared since 1832. 

In the files of the early cases of the Supreme Court are many 
interesting local historical facts, as well as originals and copies 
of documents and maps. Excepting a few late papers injured 
by fire in 1899, the records and files are carefully arranged and 
preserved, and can be easily consulted. Digests and indexes 
will enable the student to locate cases of historical interest. 

The papers of the early Congresses are preserved in the file 
rooms of the Secretary of the Senate and of the Clerk of the 
House of Representatives. In them will be found many his- 
torical papers and documents of value, such as memorials, pe- 
titions, with original signatures, etc. 

The records and files of the Court of Claims are filled with 
rare and interesting documents and papers, many of local in- 
terest. Prior to the establishment of this court, on Feb. 25, 
1855, private claims and other demands against the govern- 
ment went to Congress for examination and relief. The plead- 
ings and papers of many of the more important cases have been 
printed, thus preserving and making accessible hitherto unpub- 
lished papers. The files are public records, available for con- 
sultation and use. 

It is not known that the Department of agriculture, the Bu- 
reau of Education, the Geological Survey or the Navy Depart- 
ment contain any manuscripts whatever pertinent to Mississippi 
history. However, the publications of these offices and their, 
collections of books, pamphlets and other printed materials 
contain much of a local character that is valuable and impor- 
tant. 



SECTION 3. STATE ARCHIVES. 
By Franklin L. Rii^y. 

Before the acquisition by the United States of the territory 
embraced within the present limits of Mississippi this section 
of country had been under the control of France, England, 
and Spain. During these periods the country constituted a 
part of a more extensive governmental domain, which embraced 
Louisiana, Alabama, and part of Florida. An account of the 
records in foreign archives, which appears in another part of 
this Report (see supra), gives much information on the sources 
of Mississippi history during its provincial period (prior to 
1798). During the period of American control, prior to the 
organization of the State government, Mississippi received sev- 
eral accretions of territory which further increased the points 
of governmental contact with other States. It was felt that 
these facts would justify an inquiry to ascertain whether or not 
the official records of the neighboring States contain anything 
that would come within the sccpe of this Report. 

The following printed sources, not referred to elsewhere in 
this Report, contain much valuable information upon the con- 
nection that has existed between what is now Mississippi and 
other governments, foreign, Federal, and States : Gales and 
Seaton's American State Papers, Documents, legislative and execu- 
tive; Gales and Seaton's Annals of Congress; Benton's Abridg- 
ment of Debates ; Poore's Charters and Constitutions ; the Journals 
of Congress (House and Senate) ; and White's New Collection 
of Laws, Charters * * * of Great Britain, France, Spain, 
relating to the Concessions of Land in their several Provinces 

(i8 39 )- 

Theodore L. Cole, of Washington, D. C, has prepared a 
convenient outline of the political history of the different terri- 
torial divisions of the State, which will be found helpful to those 
who desire to examine the records of any particular period. It 
reads as follows: 

"1st. — A strip (about 12 miles wide) extending across the State at 
the extreme north. This was under the jurisdiction: 

Until 1787, of the State of South Carolina (1787 to 1790, unattached). 



State Archives. 71 

1790 to 1796, of the Territory of the U. S. south of the Ohio river 
{1796 to 1804, unattached). 

1804 to 1817, of Mississippi Territory. 

"2d. — All that part of the State south of the above mentioned strip 
and north of a line 'drawn due east from the mouth of the Yasous.' 
This was under the jurisdiction: 

Until 1802, of the State of_ Georgia (1802 to 1804, unattached). 

1804 to 1817, of Mississippi Territory. 

"3d. — All that part of the State south of the above mentioned par- 
cels and north of the 31st parallel. This was under the jurisdiction: 

Until 1798, of the State of Georgia. «• 

1798 to 1817, of Mississippi Territory. 

"4th. — All that part of the State south of the 31st parallel. This 
was under the jurisdiction: 

Until 1763, of France (as part of Louisiana). 

1763 to 1783, of Great Britain (as part of the Floridas). 

1783 to 1800, of Spain (then owning both Louisiana and the Floridas). 

1800 to 1803, of France (as part of Louisiana). 

(1803 to 1812, unattached, but held by Spain.) 

1812 to 1817, of Mississippi Territory. 

"Mississippi Territory. — Created by act of Congress, April 7, 1798 
(U. S. Stat, at Large, Vol. I., p. 549), with the Mississippi and Chata- 
houchee rivers, 'a line drawn due east from the mouth of the Ya- 
sous,' and the 31st degree of north latitude as boundaries (being the 
3d parcel above). By act of March 2J, 1804, (lb. Vol. II., p. 305), 'that 
tract of country north of the Mississippi Territory and south of the 
State of Tennessee/ and between the Mississippi river and Georgia 
(the 1st and 2d parcels above) was annexed to Mississippi Territory. 
By act of May 14, 1812 (lb. p. 734), 'all that portion of territory lying 
east of Pearl river, west of the Perdido and south of the 31st degree 
of latitude' (the 4th parcel above) was annexed to Mississippi Ter- 
ritory, which then had exactly the same extent as the present States 
of Mississippi and Alabama and remained unchanged until Aug. 15, 
1817. 

"Alabama Territory. — Created by act of Congress, March 3, 1817, 
in force Aug. 15, 1817, when the Constitution of Mississippi was formed 
(U. S. Stat, at Large, Vol. III., p. 371) with the same boundaries as the 
State now has." 1 

Alabama. 

By an act of Congress approved March 3, 1817, provision was 
made for dividing the Mississippi Territory and creating the 
Alabama Territory out of the eastern portion upon the adop- 
tion of a constitution and the formation of a State government 
by the people of the remaining part thereof. The first State 
constitution of Mississippi was completed Aug. 15, 1817, and on 
the 25th of the following month William Wyatt Bibb was com- 
missioned governor of the Alabama Territory. He reached St. 

1 This outline is taken from the Publications of the Southern History 
Association (1897), Vol. I., pp. 61-63. It also appears in the Report of the 
Alabama History Commission (1900), pp. 78-79. Prof. J. M. White has 
written a carefully prepared article on the "Territorial Growth of Mis- 
sissippi." See Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society (1899), 
Vol. II., pp. 125-132. 



72 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Stephens in December, 1817, and entered at once upon the dis- 
charge of his duties. 

The records that are now preserved in the State offices of 
Alabama relate to the period after the formation of the terri- 
torial government. A careful examination of the catalogues 
of records shows nothing that relates to Mississippi. Before 
the date of the oldest records of Alabama that State had com- 
pletely severed her governmental relations with her mother 
State to the west. 

The sources of information on the prolonged contest over 
the location of the boundary line between Mississippi and 
Alabama are the Records of Congress from 1812 to 1817; 
Darby's Emigrant's Guide (1818) ; American State Papers, Mis- 
cellaneous, Vol. II. ; Benton's Abridgment of the Debates of Con- 
gress, Vol. IV.; and Gales and Seaton's Annals of Congress. 
Further data with reference to the boundary surveys will be 
found in another part of this Report (see infra). See also 
Riley's "Location of the Boundaries of Mississippi," in the 
Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, Vol. III., pp. 
169-181. 

Georgia. 

No satisfactory information could be obtained from the 
State officials of Georgia concerning the records of that Com- 
monwealth. It is hoped that the records relative to Bourbon 
county, which embraced a large part of the present State of 
Mississippi, have been preserved. 

All of the available sources that relate to the Yazoo Fraud 
have been published as a result of the litigation that arose 
therefrom. The sources that relate to the contest between the 
Federal government and the government of Georgia over the 
title to a large part of Mississippi have also been published. 
On these points the following references are given to sources 
which do not appear elsewhere in this Report: American State 
Papers, Public Lands, Vol. I. and Indian Affairs, Vol. I.; Annals 
of Congress, Vols. I. -XI.; Abridgement of Debates, Vols. I. and 
II. ; Georgia Gazette (1790 to 1799) ; Papers of the United States 
Supreme Court, 1798; Proceedings of the South Carolina Yazoo 
Company (1791) ; Moultrie et al. vs. State of Georgia et al, Docu- 
ments A. B. C. E. F. G. H.; Statutes at Large, Vols. II. and III. 



South Carolina. 73 

South Carolina. 

Some of the records of South Carolina were destroyed by 
the Federal troops under Gen. W. T. Sherman when the city of 
Columbia was captured on Feb. 17, 1865. Many of those which 
remain are in the office of the Secretary of State. They doubt- 
less contain information that would throw light upon the early 
settlement of Mississippi and upon the early trade relations of 
the inhabitants of South Carolina with the Chickasaw and Choc- 
taw Indians of this State. The Land Records, which are also 
in the office of the Secretary of State and which date from 1678, 
doubtless contain many facts relative to the "twelve mile 
strip." Transcripts have been made of all the records relat- 
ing to South Carolina in the British Public Record Office, and 
are preserved in thirty-six folio volumes, which are indexed. 
The legislative records of the State "extend in practically un- 
broken sequence from the first settlement of South Carolina 
to the present." These records are very rich in facts and con- 
tain doubtless much that relates to the early history of many 
families now living in Mississippi. We are told that "no less 
interesting are the Indian Books, containing records of trea- 
ties, accounts of Indian massacres and battles, and details of 
the hazardous life led by brave settlers in the back country, 
which they were subduing to themselves in the face of hostile 
redskins and dangerous wild beasts." 2 

Tennessee). 

In the office of the Secretary of State, at Nashville, will 
doubtless be found the manuscripts that relate to the con- 
troversy over the boundary between Mississippi and Tennes- 
see. These records include the Executive correspondence 
prior to the War between the States and other miscellaneous 
documents relating to the early history of Tennessee. 

Among the printed sources that relate to the boundary are 
Haywood's Tennessee (1823) ; Henry Vose's Topography of the 
State of Mississippi upon a Nezv Plan (1835) ; Hutchinson's Code 
of Mississippi (1848) ; Messages of the Governors and legislative 
acts of Mississippi and Tennessee from 1828-1837. 3 

2 Report of the Historical Commission of the State of South Carolina 
(1898). 

3 For an account of this controversy see Riley's "Location of the 
Boundaries of Mississippi" in the Publications of the Mississippi Histor- 
ical Society, Vol. III., pp. 167-169. 



74 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Florida. 

The official records of Florida contain little that relates to the 
history of Mississippi. The unfortunate destruction of the 
West Florida Records is related by Mr. Peter J. Hamilton as 
follows : 

"A fire at Pensacola on October 24, 181 1, destroyed much that was 
there, and pirates more. The sub-delegate, Colonel Don Jose Masot, 
was instructed on closing the intendency there to remove the archives 
to Havana, but he failed to do so. When Jackson captured Pensa- 
cola in May, 1818, it was agreed that the archives should be taken to 
Havana, and Masot duly embarked with them on the United States 
schooner Peggy. Corsairs overpowered the Peggy and threw the 
papers overboard, except one box which they kept. So it seems noth- 
ing ever reached Cuba from Pensacola except some inventories brought 
the preceding year by Don Francisco Gutierrez de Arroyo, the only part 
of the removal order which Masot had permitted him to carry out. Pin- 
tado in 2 White's New Recopilacion, pp. 340, 341, 370." 4 

Further information on the Records of West Florida will be 
found in another part of this Report. Printed sources relating 
to the West Florida counties of Mississippi will be found in: 
American State Papers, Vol. XXI. ; Benton's Abridgement of De- 
bates of Congress, Vol. IV. ; Gales and Seaton's Annals of Con- 
gress. 

Louisiana. 

The records in the State offices of Louisiana contain little of 
interest relating to Mississippi history. The records at New 
Orleans were very much abused and many of them destroyed or 
taken away by the Federal troops when they occupied the city 
in the War between the States. Accounts of the valuable rec- 
ords in the Louisiana State Library, the Archives of the Louis- 
iana Historical Society, the Howard Memorial Library, and in 
the city archives of New Orleans are given in other parts of 
this Report (see infra). 

4 Colonial Mobile, p. 262, note. 



SECTION 4. LIBRARIES AND SOCIETIES. 

By James M. White:. 

Alabama Department of Archives and History. 

The most far reaching step yet taken in the South looking to 
the support of historical work and research was the establish- 
ment by the General Assembly of Alabama, by act approved 
February 27, 1901, of a "Department of Archives and History," 
to be located in the State capitol, at Montgomery, and to be 
under "the immediate management and control of a Director." 
"The objects and purposes of the Department are the care and 
custody of official archives, the collection of materials bearing 
upon the history of the State, and of the territory included 
therein, from the earliest times, the completion and publica- 
tion of the State's official records, and other historical materials, 
the diffusion of knowledge in reference to the history and re- 
sources of the State, the encouragement of historical work and 
research, and the performance of such other acts and require- 
ments as may be enjoined by law." 

Thomas M. Owen, Esq., to whom the success of this enter- 
prise is so largely due, was, on the organization of the Depart- 
ment, elected its first Director, March 2, 1901. 

All of the books, manuscripts, and collections of the Alabama 
Historical Society have been turned over to the Department. 
(See infra.). While its collections are already very numerous 
and valuable, they only indirectly bear upon Mississippi History. 

Alabama Historical, Society. 

The manuscripts of the Alabama Historical Society are lim- 
ited. Such as it possesses appear in its Publications. 

At the annual meeting of the Society, held in Tuscaloosa, 
June 3, 1901, the headquarters were removed to the city of 
Montgomery. At that time it was further decided that the work 
of collecting books, manuscripts and other material, heretofore 
carried on by the Society, should in future be committed to the 
Department of Archives and History of Alabama. (See supra) 

The work of the Society is to continue for the purpose of 



76 Mississippi Historical Society. 

maintaining an organized body of students, and for the publi- 
cation of work. 

American Antiquarian Society. 
The American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Mass., es- 
tablished in 1812, abounds in materials bearing upon American 
history. The following letter is so suggestive that it is given 
in full: 

Worcester, Mass., 19 Nov., igoi. 
My Dear Sir: 

I send you three rather suggestive lists; suggestive perhaps of our 
poverty of Mississippi material. 
Wishing you great success, I am 

Very truly yours, 

Edmund M. Barton, 
Librarian. 
The lists are as follows: 

First List. 

(Scattering numbers of the following papers:) 

1 volume of Miscellaneous Mississippi Newspapers. 1803-1877. 

Carrollton — Mississippi Democrat. 1848. 

Charleston— The Tallahatchian. 1867. 

Corinth — The Young Reader. 1877. 

Holly Springs — -Mississippi Times. 1854. 

Huntsville — Madison Gazette. 1813. 

Jackson — Daily Mississippian. 1862. 

Meridian — The Daily Clarion. 1863. 

Natchez — Mississippi Herald. 1803, 1804, 1807. 

Mississippi Messenger. 1804-1808. 

Mississippi Republican. 1812-1819. 

Mississippian. 1808-1810. 

Natchez Gazette. 1808. 

Natchez Gazette and Mississippi General Advertiser. 181 1- 

'13. 

Southern Galaxy. 1828. 

Washington Republican and Natchez Intelligencer. 1816, 
1817. 

Weekly Chronicle. 1808-1811. 
Ship Island — News-Letter Extra. 1862. 
Vicksburg — Daily Citizen. 1863. 

Vicksburg Register. 1835, 1838. 

Vicksburg Republican. 1867, 1868. 

Second List. 

Advantages of East Mississippi for Northern Settlers. By E. 

B. Cowgill. Mobile, 1870. 
Alabama-Mississippi boundary. By J. H. Bankhead. 



American Antiquarian Society. 77 

Bibliography of. By T. M. Owen. 

Campaigns of the Civil War. VIII. The Mississippi. By F. 

U. Greene. N. Y., 1882. 
Constitution of the State. Natchez, 1817. 
Message of the President of the U. S. trans, laws of Miss. Ter. 

1 80 1. 
Mississippi as a Province, Territory, State, etc. By J. F. H. 

Claiborne. 1880. 
New states and territories, or the Ohio, Indiana, 111., Mich., 

North-Western, Missouri, Tous., Miss, and Ala. in their 

real characters, 1818. By Andrew Miller. 1819. 
Spanish Policy in Miss. By F. L. Riley. 
Taxation in Miss. By C. H. Brough. 

Third List. 

Statutes of the Miss. Territory. Natchez, 1816. 

Acts passed at the 1st Session of the First General Assembly of 

the State of Miss. 1818. 
Acts passed at the First Session of the Second Gen'l Assembly 

of the State of Miss. 1819. 
Biennial Report of the Auditor of Public Accounts to the Leg. 

of Miss., i884-'85. Jackson, 1886. 
ditto i886-'87. Jackson, 1888. 
ditto i890-'9i. Jackson, 1891. 
Third and Fourth Annual Reports of the R. R. Commission of 

the State of Miss. For 1888 and 1889. Jackson, 1890. 

American Board 01? Commissioners for Foreign Missions. 

The library of the American Board of Commissioners for 
Foreign Missions, Boston, Mass., contains several bound vol- 
umes of manuscript letters, reports, etc., which were sent by 
its representatives in the different mission fields to its Secre- 
taries beginning in 1810. In this collection will be found manu- 
scripts which relate to the Choctaw Mission^ in Mississippi, 
from 1818 to 1832, and to the Chickasaw Mission, in Mississippi, 
from 1821, the date when the Presbyterian Synod of South 
Carolina and Georgia began its labors in this field, to 1835, the 
date when the mission was discontinued. 1 

American Philosophical Society. 

The American Philosophical Society for the Promotion of 
Useful Knowledge, with headquarters at Philadelphia, Pennsyl- 
vania, was founded in 1743. The secretary of this society, writ- 

1 Report of the Alabama History Commission, p. 208. 



78 Mississippi Historical Society. 

ing under date Nov. 19, 1901, says, "I regret to say that this 
society does not appear to have any material bearing upon the 
history of Mississippi." In this connection, however, the fol- 
lowing is taken from the Report of the Alabama History Commis- 
sion: This society "has a miscellaneous collection of books, a 
large number of 18th century magazines, a collection of coins, 
various interesting relics, and a number of valuable busts. Its 
manuscript collection is large." "The following volumes taken 
from the list in Lane and Bolton's Notes on Special Collections in 
American Libraries (1892)" are also mentioned in that Report : 

1. Indian Military Affairs, 1737. 

2. Louisiana Papers (Jefferson, etc.), and a Spanish account of 

the Province. 

3. A manuscript of La Harpe's Journal. 

4. French War papers, like Army accounts, 1754-56; Military 

Journal, 1760-63; Regimental Book, 1754. 

Chicago Public Library. 

The Chicago Public Library "is not very rich in the history 
of the South." Of manuscripts and early documents that per- 
tain to Mississippi, and are regarded as valuable historical ma- 
terial, this library has but little. The following titles are taken 
from the catalogue under Mississippi. The U. S. Reports and 
documents concerning the State, chiefly in the Reconstruction 
period, are omitted: 

Report on the Agriculture and Geology of Miss. By B. L. C. 

Wailes. 1854. 
The Bench and Bar of Miss. By J. D. Lynch. 1881. 
Biographical and Histor. Memoirs of Miss. Chicago, 1891. 2v. 
Preliminary Report on Geology and Agriculture of Miss. L. 

Harper. 1857. 
Report (on same) by E. W. Hilgard. i860. 
History of Miss. R. Lowry and W. H. McGardle. 1891. 
Reconstruction in Miss. J. W. Garner. 1901. 
Taxation in Miss. In Johns Hopkins Univ. Studies in Histor. 

and Polit. Sci. 1889. 
Recollections of Mississippi and Mississippians. R. Davis. 

1889. 
Statement on the State of Affairs in the State of Miss. H. F. 

Simrall. 1869. (pamph.) 
Argument of R. J. Walker before the Supreme Court, U. S.', on 

the Miss, slave question. Philadelphia, 1842. (pamphlet.) 



Chicago University Library. 79 

Chicago University Library. 
It appears that there are no manuscript letters, documents, 
etc., or files of newspapers that pertain to Mississippi in the 
library of the University of Chicago. They have, however, this 
item of interest to Miss. : 

A Report of the Trial of the Rev. Theodore Clapp, 1832, before, 
the Mississippi Presbytery. (It was published in New Or- 
leans, La., 1833.) 

Confederate Memorial Literary Society. 
The Confederate Memorial Literary Society, Richmond, Vir- 
ginia, has received from the city of Richmond the mansion 
which was occupied by Mr. Davis as his residence while he was 
President of the Confederacy. Through the energy of this so- 
ciety the building has been made fire-proof, and is now a mu- 
seum, "where Confederate relics, Southern memorials, and the 
archives of the Southern Historical Society are collected and 
carefully preserved. In the building, too, is a room assigned 
to each State of the Confederacy, which is used as a repository 
for memorials from that State. A catalogue (218 pp.), contain- 
ing a list of the relics in the different rooms, was issued in 1898. 
Through the courtesy of Mrs. J. R. Mcintosh, Vice-Regent of 
the Mississippi Room, a copy of this catalogue is on file in the 
Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. She also fur- 
nished the following list of manuscript letters in the De Renne 
collection in the Georgia Room : 

W. W. R. Beall, Brig. Gen'l, Corinth, Miss., May 25, 1862, to 

Gen'l Polk. 
Thomas Jordan, Adjt. Gen'l, Jackson, Tenn., March 14, 1862, 

to Maj. Gen'l L. Polk. 
A. R. Lawton, Richmond, Va., May 2, 1864, confidential letter 

to Gen'l Pemberton, regarding money ($30,000), thought 

to have been turned over to the Federals on the morning 

of the surrender at Vicksburg. 
Maj. Memminger, Big Black, May 9, 1863, to L't. Col. Cordy. 
Gen'l Posey, Camp Franklin, near Chambersburg, Pa., Jan. 2.J, 

1863, to Mrs. Posey, Woodville, Miss. 
R. V. Richardson, Holly Springs, Miss., Nov. 3, 1862, to Gen'l 

Pemberton. 
Hon. Jas. A. Seddon, Sect'y of War, March 3, 1863, to Gen'l 

Pemberton. 
J. E. Slaughter, Brig. Gen'l, to Inspector General. 

6 



80 Mississippi Historical Society. 

The Mississippi Department of the Confederate Museum 
contains a large number of relics. Within the last three years 
several valuable relics from Mississippi were added, the most 
notable being a case from Mrs. Davis and another from Miss 
Winnie Davis. The following list of Mississippi relics was pub- 
lished in the last Catalogue of the Museum (1898) : 

1 Pair Slippers, made from the covering of a lounge used by 

President Davis in this room. Presented by B. B. Johnson, 
Virginia. - 

2 Paper Cutter, used by President Davis (during the war), in 

his office. Presented through Mrs. R. F. Colston, by M. 
H. Clark, ex-chief clerk and ex-acting treasurer of the Con- 
federate States Army, Clarksville, Tenn. 

3. Headquarters Dispatch Bag. Harris' Mississippi Brigade, 

Army Northern Virginia. Presented by Captain Wm. M. 
Harris, Duncawsby, Issaquena county, Miss., who was a 
member of the staff of Brigadier-General N. H. Harris. 

4. Pistol Holsters of Brigadier-General W. H. Harris, com- 

manding Mississippi Brigade, Mahone's Division, A. P. 
Hill Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. 

5. This Sword was a trophy from the battlefield of Savage Sta- 

tion, June, 1862. It was used until General Lee's surren- 
der, and preserved as a relic of the war by the donor, Cap- 
tain M. W. Hazlewood. 

6. Pantaloons of Kentucky Jeans, woven especially for Presi- 

dent Davis, and worn by him at the evacuation of Rich- 
mond, Va., the night of April 2, 1865, and during his retreat 
through North and South Carolina. Presented to the mu- 
seum through Mrs. Raleigh T. Colston, by M. H. Clark, 
ex-chief clerk and ex-acting treasurer Confederate States 
Army, Clarksville, Tenn. 

7. Flag Staff Plate. Presented to the Nineteenth Mississippi 

Regiment, June, 1861. Lost in some engagement in Vir- 
ginia. Offered for sale as old silver. Presented by W. M. 
Str other, of Lynchburg, Va. 

8. A Powder-horn, a bullet-pouch and a pistol-charger, worn 

during the war by the donor. The charger is stained with 
blood from wound received by the donor at Shiloh, Wil- 
liam M. Thornton, sergeant-major Sixth Mississippi Regi- 
ment. 

9. Fireman's Trumpet, used by volunteer fire department in 

Richmond, Va., from 1861 to 1865. Presented by Joseph 
H. Williams, Fayette City. 

10. Sword, used by Thomas P. August, Colonel Fifteenth Vir- 

ginia Regiment. 



Confederate Memorial Literary Society. 81 

ii. Confederate Army Button. Presented by Capt. Henry 
Kracker. 

12. Spur, made and used during the war by Robert N. North- 

ern, General J. L. Kemper's staff, A. N. V. 

13. Piece of wood from the war vessel Merrimac. Presented by 

I. W. Traylor, Company D. First Virginia Regiment. 

14. Ambrotype, left with Mrs. L. M. C. Lee by the original of 

the picture, on the eve of' the battle of Shiloh. As it was 
never called for, he was supposed to have been killed in 
that engagement. Presented by Mrs. L. M. C. Lee, for- 
merly of Mississippi, now of Richmond, Va. 

15. Photograph of General Joe Hooker, found May 7, 1863, by 

Mr. Traylor, Company I, Eighteenth Mississippi Regi- 
ment. 

16. Souvenir Spoon of the gunboat Arkansas, made and pre- 
sented by E. V. Seutter, Jackson, Miss. 

17. Portrait of Brigadier-General N. H. Harris, Mississippi Bri- 

gade. Presented by the surviving members of the brigade 
of Richmond, Va. 

18. Carbine Belt, captured at the battle of the Wilderness by 

one of the Eighteenth Mississippi Regiment, worn through 
the war by one of the men that fought in the Army of 
Northern Virginia. Presented by Mrs. Belle Fields. 

19. A Poem and Confederate money framed. Presented by 
Mrs. Belle Fields, Mississippi. 

20. "A Southern Planter," by Mrs. Susan Dabney Smedes. Pre- 

sented by Mrs. Belle Fields, Mississippi. 

21. State Shield and Colors of Mississippi, made and presented 

by Mrs. B. D. Fields. 

22. Portrait of Brigadier-General Richard Griffith of Jackson, 

Miss. Died in Richmond, Va., of wounds received at Sav- 
age Station, Va. Presented by Mrs. Whitfield, of Rich- 
mond, Va., June 30, 1896. 

23. A Memento of William Taylor Watson, eldest son of J. W. 

C. Watson, Confederate State Senator from Mississippi, 
and Catherine Davis Watson. John S. D. Watson, son of 
J. W. C. Watson, was born in 1845, enlisted in Company 
B, Seventeenth Regiment, in the fall of 1861, was fatally 
wounded at Hanover Junction, Va., May 23, 1864, and died 
in Richmond, Va., five days later. 

24. A Copy of the "Vicksburg Daily Citizen," of July 2, 1864, 

printed on wall paper. Presented by Mrs. Thomas Cu'l- 
lingsworth, 137 S. Fairfax street, Alexandria, Va. 

25. Portrait of Frank Plume, Esq., member of Company A, 
Twenty-first Mississippi Regiment, Barksdale's Brigade. 
Presented through Mrs. E. C. Pendleton. 

26. A Letter, dated Beauvoir, March 14, 1887, to Mr. Frank 



82 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Hume, Washington, D. C., signed "Jefferson Davis." Pre- 
sented to the museum through Mrs. E. C. Pendleton. 
2J. Watch, taken from a sergeant killed under a gun of Wat- 
terson Battery, by A. H. Mohler, during the second day's 
fight at Gettysburg. Mohler was killed in a charge at 
Chickamauga, and the watch was given the donor by one 
of his messmates. Presented by Mr. Hume, Washington, 
D. C, through Mrs. E. C. Pendleton. 

28. Pipe, made from a root of a cherry tree at Big Springs, 

Loudon county, Va., by James Wood, for J. Frank Hume, 
Esq., Company A, Twenty-first Mississippi Regiment. 
Hume was mortally wounded at Savage Station, died at 
Banner hospital, Richmond, June, 1862, and was buried in 
"Hollywood." Presented by Mr. Hume, of Washington, 
D. C, through Mrs. E. C. Pendleton. 

29. Cord and Tassel, cut from a State flag which was presented 

by the ladies of Wisconsin to a regiment of that State. A 
brigade, including this regiment, was captured at Chicka- 
mauga, September 20, 1863. They surrendered to Private 
Wffl. H. Barnett, Company A, Twenty-first Mississippi 
Regiment. Presented by Mr. Hume, through Mrs. E. C. 
Pendleton. 

30. A pair of epaulettes, worn by Dr. G. A. Carter, first lieu- 

tenant Company A, Regiment, Chatham, Pittsylva- 
nia county, Va. Presented by Mrs. G. A. Carter and her 
son, S. S. Carter, through Mrs. E. C. Pendleton. 

31. Pill-Box, made during the war and used by Dr. Baker. 
Presented by Dr. Baker, Jr., through Mrs. E. C. Pendleton. 

32. A pair of epaulettes, worn by Brigadier-General Carnot 
Posey. Wounded at Bristoe Station, Va., October 15, 
1863. Presented by EHen A. Posey. 

33. Confederate Postage Stamps and case, taken from the pock- 

et of a dead Confederate soldier. Presented by Mrs. E. F. 
Chestley, Richmond, Va. 

34. Horseshoe from the battlefield of Cold Harbor. Presented 

by Mrs. James D. Clarke, Richmond, Va. 

35. Photograph of Colonel Reynolds, of Twenty-sixth Missis- 

sippi Regiment. Presented by Mrs. Drake. 

36. Fragment of Confederate Flag, taken from Capitol in Rich- 

mond, Va., upon the surrender to and occupation by the U. 
S. Forces, which, by authority of Provost-Marshal General 
Patrick, was by me cut up for mementoes of the war and 
peace following. Signed, A. B. Lawrence, chief quarter- 
master U. S. Forces. Presented by Mrs. Northern. 

37. List of wounded at the battle of the Wilderness, by Mrs. 
James E. Standsbery. 

38. Collection of Confederate money, framed. Presented by 

Mrs. James E. Standsbery. 



Confederate Memorial Literary Society. 83 

39. One Confederate Note. Is a part of the public funds of the 

Army of Northern Virginia, surrendered by General R. E. 
Lee, at Appomattox C. H., Va., and which was receipted 
for by me as such on account of the disbursing department 
of that army. Signed, A. B. Lawrence, chief quartermaster 
U. S. forces. Presented by Mrs. Northern. 

40. Pen Engraving of General R. E. Lee's farewell address to 

the Southern soldiers. Presented by R. N. Northern. 

41. Hat-band of the late Judson Kilpatrick, a Federal cavalry 

general, with history. "During the cavalry engagement at 
Stevensburg, Culpeper county, Va., charges and counter- 
charges were made through the lawn of my grandmother's 
home at that place. The ladies of the house took to the 
cellar. A battery was stationed on a hill just west of same 
by the Federal forces. The Confederates made several in- 
effectual attempts to dislodge the enemy and were in turn 
charged by them. The battery mentioned kept up a lively 
firing. My friends in the cellar had an opportunity of wit- 
nessing actual war, as a number of poor fellows were 
wounded on both sides in the lawn. An aunt, a Miss H. C. 
Rickard, and a cousin, Miss Eliza Triplett, seeing from an 
opening in the cellar friend and foe falling from their 
horses, ran out, and by main strength dragged into the cel- 
lar all who were alive, and there staunched and dressed 
their wounds. Not long after this General Kilpatrick 
passed this place with ithe Grant movement, and, riding to 
the house with this staff, inquired from the ladies who had 
risked their lives in humanity's cause. Miss Rickard came 
to the door and was saluted by the general, who was on 
horseback. He came, he said, to thank the ladies of this 
house for help extended to both friend and foe in the late 
cavalry fight, and to ask if he could do anything to pay 
them. 'General, there is nothing you can do ; we only did 
our duty. Oh, General, you may, if you please, leave me 
your hat-band.' This he did very gallantly." The band was 
given the donor (Mr. Hume), who presented it to the mu- 
seum for the Mississippi room, through Mrs. E. C. Pen- 
dleton. 

42. Sword and Belt. Presented to the museum by Frank Hume, 

through Mrs. E. C. Pendleton. 

43. Clasp, taken from belt of a Confederate soldier on the bat- 

tlefield at City Point, Chalk Level. Presented to Missis- 
sippi room by R. W. Broadnax, through Mrs. E. C. Pen- 
dleton. 

44. Figure Head of the steamer "Star of the West." Sent by 

Dr. Henry, of Greenwood, Miss., at the suggestion of J. S. 
B. Thompson, assistant general superintendent Southern 
railroad, Atlanta, Ga. 



84 Mississippi Historical Society. 

45. Poem, written by Major Jonas, of Aberdeen, Miss., on back 

of a Confederate note, beautifully framed. Sent by Mr. 
Meade, Birmingham, Ala., through Colonel Power, secre- 
tary of State, Mississippi. 

46. Inkstand, made from the vertebra of a horse, picked up on 

battlefield. Given by Miss Sallie Tompkins. 

Cossitt Library. 

The Cossitt Library, Memphis, Tenn., has in it the following 
Mississippi pamphlets and books : 

Miss. A. & M. College Catalogues for the years 1882, 1885, 1887, 
1888, 1890, 1 89 1, 1892, 1893, 1894, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1898, 
1899, 1900. 

Miss. A. & M. College Biennial Reports to the Mississippi Leg- 
islature for the years 1884-1885, 1886-1887, 1888-1889, 1890- 
189 1, 1 892- 1 893, 1 894- 1 895, 1 896- 1 897, 1 898- 1 899. 

The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Mississippi : Its 
Origin, Object, Management and Results Discussed in a 
Series of Papers, by Gen. S. D. Lee. 1889. 18 pp. 

An Address on Agricultural Schools of Europe and America, 
and the Necessity for such Schools and Colleges in the 
Southern States. 28 pp. By Daniel Dennett. This ad- 
dress was delivered before the members of the Legislature 
and citizens of Jackson, Mississippi, at the State House, 
Feb. 4th, 1880. 

The State Grange and A. & M. College of Mississippi. Com- 
piled from the Official Proceedings by the Secretary of the 
State Grange. 7 pp. 

"Let Us Enlarge the Domain of Industrial Knowledge." An 
address delivered by Dr. S. A. Knapp at Miss. A. & M. Col- 
lege, Commencement Day, June 20, 1894. 24 pp. 

Transactions of the Mississippi Horticultural Society, at the 
Regular Semi-annual Meeting. Held at A. & M. College, 
Mississippi, June 18, 1884. 32 pp. 

Letters of Hon. J. Z. George on the Legal Obligation and In- 
debtedness of the State to the A. & M. College, Alcorn 
University, and the Industrial Female Institute. The Ori- 
gin and Object of the Agricultural Land Script Fund. 1887. 
20 pp. 

Catalogue of the Exhibits of the State of Mississippi at the 
Worlds' Industrial Exposition, New Orleans, La. 1884, 
1885. (51 pp.) 

Biennial Message of Gov. J. M. Stone to the Legislature of the 
State of Mississippi, Jan. 8, 1896. 

The Education for Mississippians. By B. M. Walker. April, 
1899. 15 pp. 



Cossitt Library. 85 

The Origin and Location of the Mississippi A. & M. College. 
By J. M. White. (Reprint from Publications of Miss. His. 
Society, vol. III.) • 

Territorial Growth of Mississippi. By J. M. White. (Reprint 
from Publications of Miss. His. Society, vol. II.) 

Inauguration of J. M. Stone a.s President of the Mississippi A. 
& M. College, May 1st, 1899. 28 PP- 

The Majesty of Law. An address delivered before the Uni- 
versity of Mississippi, June 5, 1900. By Charlton H. Alex- 
ander. 23 pp. 

Chancellor Waddel's Inaugural Address, University of Missis- 
sippi, July 28, 1866. 28 pp. 

Historical Discourse by Chancellor Waddel. Quarterly-Cen- 
tennial Anniversary of the University of Mississippi, June 

25, l8 73- 40 pp. 

Historical Catalogue of the University of Mississippi from Its 
Original Organization to 1870. 

Catalogues of the University of Mississippi for 1872 and 1873. 

Catalogue of the Officers, Alumni, and Students of the Uni- 
versity of Mississippi, Eleventh Session, 1859-1860. 

Vol. I., No. 8. Mississippi University Magazine, October, 1876. 
It contains the Commencement Address at the University, 
June 28, 1876. By Hon. H. H. Chalmers. Subject: "The 
Rightfulness of Taxation for Education. — A Defense of 
Common Schools." 

Baccalaureate Sermon at University of Mississippi. By John 
D. Waddel. Subject: "Moral Courage, the Result of 
Christian Faith." 1869. 

"The Young Men of the New South : Their Education, Duties, 
and Rewards." An Address before Phi Sigma and Her- 
maean Societies, University of Mississippi. By Joseph W. 
Taylor. June 23, 1869. 

A Law for the Establishment and Government of the Common 
Schools of Mississippi. 1870. 20 pp. 

Proceedings of the 29th Annual Session of Mississippi State 
Medical Association. April, 1896. 

Journal of the Mississippi Medical Association. Vol. 3. No. 
10. (Jan., 1900.) 

Early Days in Mississippi. By H. S. Fulkerson. 1885. 158 pp. 

Hand Book of the State of Mississippi — Immigration and Agri- 
culture. By E. C. Wall. 1882. 96 pp. 

The Great River. The Egyptian, Babylonian, East Indian, and 
Mississippi Valleys Compared, with Mississippi River 
Problems. By John Smith, C. E. 1890. 

History of the Discovery and Valley of the Mississippi to i< 
In 2 Vols. By Dr. Monette. 



86 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Georgia Historical Society Library. 

There are in the Georgia Historical Society Library a num- 
ber of manuscripts that relate to the Yazoo land speculations. 

Georgia State Library. 

Mr. Owen, in the Report of the Alabama History Commission, 
says of this library: 

"The chief value of the Georgia State Library, Atlanta, to historical 
students lies in the excellent and comparatively full collection of early 
State histories, pamphlets, laws, etc., known as 'The Mary De Renne 
Historical Collection.' These came by bequest from Everard De Renne 
in 1894. It embraces among other things, the transcript procured by 
the father of De Renne from the original record in England of the 
Colonial Acts of Georgia, 1755 to 1774, and ten printed copies of this 
manuscript. There are also eleven copies of the Journal of the Board 
of Trustees for establishing the colony-of Georgia (1894, pp. 20). On 
the receipt of the donation, an historical room was set aside in the 
library for its reception, and in which were placed also all other his- 
torical books in the library." 

No files of Mississippi newspapers, manuscript letters or doc- 
uments are to be found in this library. It possesses, however, 
a few House and Senate Journals, the Session Laws, and the 
Supreme Court Reports of Mississippi. 

Harvard University Library. 

The following letter from William C. Lane, Librarian of the 
Harvard University Library, is to the point: 

"I do not find that we have any manuscripts or documents, unless 
there may possibly be some scattered references among the Sparks 
manuscripts, but there cannot, I think, be anything of much Import- 
ance. We have a few Mississippi newspapers, most of which came to 
us in the Ebeling collection. I enclose a list, but beg to explain that 
we have only a few scattered numbers in each of the years mentioned." 

The newspapers are: 

Notches. 

The Intelligencer. 1801. 

The Mississippi Gazette. 1801. 

Miss. Herald and Natchez City Gazette. 1803-07. 

The Constitutional Conservator. 1803. 

The Mississippi Messenger. 1807. 

The Natchez Democrat. 1869. 

Natchez Courier. 1845. 

Columbus. 
The Columbus Republic. 1865. 



Howard Memorial Library. 87 

Corinth. 
The New Era. 1870. 

Brookhaven. 
Home Journal and Weekly Telegraph. 1864. 

Jackson. 
The Mississippian. 1861. 
Mississippi Pilot. 1868. 
Mississippi State Journal. 1868. 

This library also contains a valuable collection of maps, 
"numbering over 12,000 sheets, and over 700 bound volumes. 
To those have been added the collection of maps made by 
Francis Parkman."* 

Howard Memorial Library. 

The Howard Memorial Library, of New Orleans, presented 
and endowed by Miss Annie T/'Howard, of London, in 1888, 
has taken as its special field the history of Louisiana, which in 
its earlier stages covered the whole of the Gulf States. Com- 
mencing with the earliest Spanish explorers it provides illus- 
trative material from the works of the pre-Columbian geo- 
graphers. It has good and early editions of Strabo, and Ptol- 
emy, also the Wytfliet Supplement. It has the narrations, fre- 
quently in the original tongue, of Cabeca de la Vaca, LaSalle, 
and DeSoto. Of the early history and description of Louisiana 
it possesses La Page, du Pratz; many editions of Hennepin, 
Bossu and others too numerous to mention. 

Above all, it is well furnished with material on the bibli- 
ography of the subject, so that the student, if not finding the 
particular matter in demand, can be shown the easiest and best 
way of obtaining it. 

The Card Catalogue by author, title and subject, is kept con- 
stantly up to date, and affords to the student an apparatus crit- 
icus of the greatest value. 

Supplementary to the collection belonging to the library are 
the books and maps owned by the librarian. While the former 
in most cases duplicate the library collection, the maps exceed 
in number those in the Library of Congress relating to the 
same territory affording materials that deserve long and careful 
study. 



* Report of the Alabama History Commission, p. 224. 



88 Mississippi Historical Society. 

The following list of books on Mississippi is taken from the 
card catalogue of this library : 

Agne-w, Samuel A. — Mounds in Mississippi. Smithsonian Re- 
port. 1867, pp. 404-411. 

Baldwin, Jos. G. — The Flush Times of Alabama & Mississippi. 
A series of sketches. 

Boyd, Andrew. — Louisiana & Mississippi Business Directory, 
1870-71. 

Brown, A. G. — Speeches and Writings, pp. 261-288. 

Carpenter, M. H. — Remarks on Mississippi History — Recon- 
struction — in U. S. Sen. Feb. 14 and 16, 1870. Wash. 
1870. 

Chateaubriand — Description du pays des Natchez. Les Nat- 
chez, pp. 431-446. 

Claiborne, J. F. H. — Mississippi as a Province, Territory and 
State, with biographical notices of eminent citizens. Vol. 
1. Jackson, 1880. 

Cobb, Jos. B. — Mississippi Scenes ; or sketches of Southern and 
Western life and adventure, humorous, satirical and de- 
scriptive, including the legend of the Black Creek. Phila. 
1851. 

Cooper, J. G. — Forests and Trees of North America (contains 
popular and botanical names of Mississippi forest trees). 
Smithsonian Report, 1858. pp. 250-266. 

Davis, Reuben — Recollections of Mississippi and Mississippi- 
ans. Boston. 1890. 
History of Mississippi. De Bow's Rev. 1851 Vol. 10, pp. 
188, 423, 496, 606. Vol. 11, 1851, pp. 176, 245, 569. 

Deming, C. — The Shoestring District, a political retrospect. 
(In his By-paths of nature and life, pp. 321-331.) 

Duval, Mary V. — Students' History of Mississippi from its ear- 
liest discoveries and settlements to the end of the year 1886. 

Duval, Mary V. — History of Mississippi and civil government, 
with an appendix containing the constitution of Mississippi 
adopted Nov. 1, 1890. 

Fulkerson, H. S. — Random Recollections of Early Days in Mis- 
sissippi. 

Harper, L. — Preliminary Report on the Geology and Agricul- 
ture of the State of Mississippi. 

Hess-Warteg, E. von — Mississippi-Fahrten. Reisebilder sus 
dem Amerikanischen Suden (1879-1880) Leipzig. 1881. 

Hilgard, E. W. — Report on the Cotton Production of the State 
of Mississippi. 10th Census U. S. Vol. 5 Part I., pp. 3-164. 

Hough, Jas. — Mounds in Washington County, Miss. pp. 383-- 
386. 1879. Smithsonian Report. 

Lowry & McCardle. — History of Mississippi from the discovery 



Howard Memorial Library. 89 

of the great river, by Hernando De Soto, including the 

earliest settlement made by the French under Iberville to 

the death of Jefferson Davis. Jackson. 1891. 
Lynch, Jas. D. — Bench and Bar of Mississippi. 
Mayes, Edward — History of Education in Mississippi. No. 24 

U. S. Bureau of Education. Circular of Information No. 2, 

1899. 
Meyers, Minnie W. — Romance and Realism of the Southern 

Gulf Coast. 
Morgan, A. T. — Yazoo ; or, on the picket line of freedom in the 

South. A personal narrative. 
Memorial of the Agents of New England and Mississippi 

Land Co. to Congress, with a vindication of their title at 

law annexed. 
Pickett, A. J. — History of Alabama, and incidentally of Georgia 

and Mississippi, from the earliest period. Charleston. 

1851. 2 vols. 
Power, Major S. — Memento Old and New Natchez 1700-1897. 

111. 
Ralph, Julian — In Sunny Mississippi. In Dixie, or Southern 

scenes and sketches, pp. 122-159. 
Riette, J. C. — Military Annals of Mississippi Confederates. 
Smith, J. W. C. — Antiquities of Yazoo County, Miss. Smith- 
sonian Report. 1874. pp. 370-371. 
Wailes, B. L. C. — Report on the agriculture and geology of 

Mississippi ; embracing a sketch of the social and natural 

history of the State. 
Wall, E. C. — Hand-book of the State of Mississippi. Jackson 

1885. 
Wells, Jas. M. — The Chisholm Massacre ; a picture of "Home 

Rule" in Mississippi. 
Wilkinson, R. A.— The Gulf Coast. 
Winsor, Justin. — Mississippi Basin. The struggle in America 

between England and France 1697-1763. Boston. 1895. 
Yellowly, J. B. — Transactions of the Mississippi Horticultural 

Society, at meeting held June 18, 1884, at Starkville, Miss. 

Jackson. 1885. 
The Gulf and Ship Island Railroad of Mississippi. Boston. 

1886. 
Information respecting the practicability and utility of a fort 

or forts on Ship Island on the Mississippi coast. 1846. U. 

S. Senate Doc. (Doc. No. 476). 
Mexican Gulf Coast, on Mobile Bay and Mississippi Sound. 

Mobile. 1893. 
Proceedings of the 31st Annual Session of the Mississippi 

Press Association, May, 1896. West Point, Miss. 1896. 
Antiquities. U. S. H. Mis. Doc. No. 82. 53d Cong. 2d Sess. 



90 Mississippi Historical Society. 

1893-4. Vol. 10. Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnol- 
ogy. 1890-1. pp. 253-278. (Doc. No. 3238.) 

Antiquities. Stock in trade of an aboriginal lapidary. U. S. 
Senate Mis. Doc. (Doc. No. 1785.) 

Territory, History of — U. S. Statutes at Large. Vol. 1, p. 
549. Vol. II., pp. 69-786. Vol. III., pp. 143-468. 

Territory, History of — See Abridgment Debates in Congress. 
Vol. 2. Also Annals of Congress. 

Historical and current catalogue of the officers and students 
of the University of Mississippi. 35th session with ar- 
ticles pertaining to the history of the institution. 1887. 
Univ. 

Catalogues of the University of Mississippi 1890-91, 1891-92, 
1895-96, 1897-98, 1 899- 1900. 

Nine years of Democratic rule in Mississippi — notes on po- 
litical history of the State from 1838 to present time (1847). 
Jackson, 1847. 

Seacoast of part of Alabama and Mississippi. Mississippi 
City Harbor. St. Louis Bay and Shieldsboro Harbor 
Grand Island Pass. U. S. House Ex. Doc. (Doc. No. 

949-) 

Forest Trees. See 10th Census U. S. pp. 530-536. 

Great advantages offered for farming and manufacturing. 
Meridian, 1885. Map. 

Journal of the proceedings of the Convention begun at Jack- 
son on Aug. 12, 1890, and concluded Nov. 1, 1890. Jack- 
son. 1890. 

Iowa State Historical Society. 

The Iowa State Historical Society, with headquarters at Iowa 
City, is in possession of a great mass of historical material, man- 
uscripts, newspapers, etc., covering the Civil War period. At 
present the library is in more or less confusion, due to moving 
into new and larger quarters. Unfortunately, too, the collec- 
tion of manuscripts have not been catalogued. The librarian, 
however, writing under date Nov. 21, 1901, says: 

"You will find some things, however, which may be of interest, in 'a 
Soldier's Letters From the Field,' written by Capt. C. A. Lucas, of 
Co. D, 24th Iowa, now being published in the Iowa Historical Record, 
published by the Society. They have been running in the Record 
since July, 1900. Capt. Lucas was a Belgian by birth and education. A 
number of his letters were written from Mississippi. 

"We have in our collection, a flag registered as: 'Flag of the Fourth 
Mississippi Regiment — captured at the battle of Corinth, by the 17th 
Iowa Regiment in one of the most desperate infantry charges ever 
made.' " 



Library of Congress. 91 

Library of Congress. 

In the Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress will 
be found the following manuscripts which relate to Mississippi : 

Letters — Gov. Wm. C. C. Claiborne to Jno. Pitchylinn, 1802, Aug. 22. 

Gov. Charles de Grand-Pre to Gov. Robert Williams, April 22, 1805. 

Gov. Charles de Grand-Pre to Gov. Robt. Williams, 1805, Nov. 30. 

Gov. Charles de Grand-Pre to Gov. Robt. Williams, 1805, Nov. 13. 

Wilkinson, James to Sec'y Cowles Mead, 1806, Sept. 19. 

Wilkinson, James to Gov. David Holmes, 1812, Aug. 11. 

Benton, Thomas to Gov. David Holmes, 1814, July 8. 

Gov. Wm. C. C. Claiborne to Gov. David Holmes, 1814, Sept. 12. 

Gov. Thomas Bibbs to Gov. George Poindexter, 1820, Nov. 3. 

Robert Smith, Secretary of State of the United States to Governor 
David Holmes. 1810, Nov. 5 and 1810, Dec. 21. 
Miscellaneous — Memoir of the Lord Bishop of Quebec on the Mis- 
sions of Mississippi, 1683 (?). (With translation in Jesuit Rela- 
tions of discoveries, 1632-1672). 

Proceedings regarding the treaty with France for settlement of 
Louisiana, 1719-1720. 

A Description of the country and River Mississippi in North America 
belonging to the King of France. Clipping from De Bow's Re- 
view^). Copy of manuscript of i72o(?). 

"A genuine account of the present state (of) the Mississippi and of 
the Lands on its banks from the sea to the River Yasors." 
[i773(?)]- 

Notes on Mississippi, (compiled by Peter Force). 
Letters — Chester, Peter. Governor of West Florida. The answer of 
the respondent in the case of Adam Crystie et. al. vs. Peter Chester, 
Gov. of the Province. 11 p. 

Drayton, W. — An inquiry into the present state and administration of 
affairs in the Province of East Florida. 65-XLIII pp. 

Farmer, . — Journal of the Siege of Pensacola. 1781, March- 
June. 23 p. 

Grant, James. — Governor of East Florida. Proclamation describing 
conditions on which lands are granted in East Florida. 1760. 
(Hazard Copy). 

Gourges, Capt. Dominique de. — The recapture of Florida. 78 p. 
(Copy). 

Index to volumes relating to the history of Florida. 36 pp. 

Laudonniere, Capt. — The notable history of Florida situated in the 
Eastern Indies. 1586. 77 pp. (Copy). 
Miscellaneous — Letters from a private soldier in — to Rouen describing 
the French experiences in the New World. 1565. 14 pp. 

Smith, Buckingham. — Annals of Florida. 24-7 pp. (Copy). 

Toyn, Patrick. — Governor of East Florida. Proclamation of Aug. 21, 
1775. (Copy). 

A Collection of Instructions, Orders and other Miscellaneous Papers 
relating to the several Governments belonging to the Crown of 
Great Britain in North America. 
Contains the following — Letter from James Oglethorpe. Georgia, Feb. 
16, 1735. p. 159. 

Extract of a letter from the Governor of St. Augustine to Gov. 
Robert Johnson of South Carolina, April 27, 1755. p. 161. 

Letter from St. Augustine in Florida, May 13, 1735. p. 162. 

Letter from the Commander of Mobile, June 20, 1735. p. 162. 

Extract of Col. Moore's letter to the Lords Proprietors. Jan. 26, 
1730. (Appalachee Expedition), p. 228. 



92 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Copy of Col. Moore's letter to Sir Nathaniel Johnson. Jan. 26, 1730. 
p. 230. 

This Library also contains the following newspapers : 

Aberdeen — 

Mississippi Advertiser. W. 

December 21 and 28, and April 22, 1844. 

January 4, 1845 — May 16, 1845. 
Monroe Democrat. W. 

April 19, 1848 — March 13, 1850. 1 Vol. 
The Aberdeen Examiner. W. Democratic. Established 1866. 

July 10, 1879 — January 8, 1875. 1 Vol. 
The Weekly Independent. 

January 8, 1874 — May 24, 185 1. 3 Vols. 

January 29, 1853 — January 11, 1853. 1 Vol. 
Sunny South. W. 

January 17, 1856 — December 22, 1859. 2 Vols. 
Canton — 
Independent Democrat. W. 

May 11 — October 30, 1844. 1 Vol. 
Columbus — 
The Southern Argus. W. 

February 7, 1835 — December 19, 1835. 1 Vol. 

March 31, 1841 — December 14, 1841. 1 Vol. 
The Columbus Democrat. W. 

January 28, 1837 — December 23, 1837. 1 Vol. 

January 19, 1839 — July, 1841. 3 Vols. 

January 7, 1843 — August 19, 1843. 1 Vol. 

March 2, 1844 — December 14, 1844. 1 Vol. 

May 14, 1853 — December 30, 1854. 1 Vol. 

April 26, 1856 — December 4, 1856. 1 Vol. 
Grand Gulf — 
Weekly Grand Gulf Advertiser. 

January 18 — December 20, 1839. 1 Vol. incomplete. 
Semi-Weekly Grand Gulf Advertiser. 

October 23, 1839. 
Hollv Springs — 

Empire Democrat. W. 

March 3 — December 5, 1855. 1 Vol. incomplete. 
Marshall Democrat. W. 

September 1 — December 15, 1855. 1 Vol. incomplete. 
The Guard. W. 

January 3 — March 14, 1843. 
Houston — 
Southern Patriot. W. 

January 7 — July 12, 1854. 1 Vol. 
Jackson — 

The Daily Clarion. 

April 3 and May 5, 1866. 

May 15, 1866 — October 30. 1866. 

January 3, 1867 — June 1, 1867. 

November 2, 1867 — December, 1867. 
The Clarion. W. 

June 6. 1867 — October 31, 1867. 1 Vol. 

July 23. 1874 — February 2, 1888. 6 Vols. 
Weekly Clarion-Ledger. Democratic. Established 1737- 

February 9. 1888— August 9, 1888. 1 Vol. 

January 31, 1880 — December 28, 1893. 2 Vols. 

September 5. 1895 — December 27, 1900 (unbound). 
Flag of the Union. W. 

November 22, 1850 — December 30, 1853. 1 Vol. 
The Pearl River Gazette. W. 



Library of Congress. 93 

February 7 — July 6, 1824. 1 Vol. 
State Journal. W. 

January 4 — December 26, 1826. 1 Vol. 
Southern Luminary. W. 

August 17, 1824 — November 15, 1825. 2 Vols. 
The Mississippian. W. 

January 19, 1834 — December 12, 1834. 1 Vol. 

January 9, 1835 — December 28, 1838. 4 Vols. 

January 8, 1841 — December 16, 1841. 1 Vol. 

January 6, 1843 — December 27, 1843. 1 Vol. incomplete. 

February 21, 1844 — December 25, 1844. D Vol. 

February 12, 1845 — December 20, 1850. 5 Vols. 
Mississippian and State Gazette. W. 

January 3, 1851 — November 15, 1854. 2 Vols. 

February 14, 1855 — October 25, 1855. 1 Vol. 

April 16, 1856 — December 17, 1856. 1 Vol. 
Semi-Weekly Mississippian. 

July 4, 1854 — November 28, 1856. 3 Vols. 

January 5, 1858 — December 28, i860. 3 Vols. 

November 14, 1865 — November 24, 1865. 
Tri-Weekly Mississippian. 

July 15 — August 12, 1865. 1 Vol. 
The Daily Mississippian. 

June g, 1856— December 31, 1856. 1 Vol. 

November 7, 1859 — December 17, 1859. 

January 17, i860— December I, i860. 1 Vol. incomplete. 

October 24, 1865 — November 11, 1865. 
The Sunday Mississippian. 
The Daily Mississippian Pilot. 
The Daily Mississippi Pilot. 

January 14 — December 31, 1871. 1 Vol. 
Southern Reformer. W. 

February 24, 1844 — December 27, 1845. 2 Vols. 
The Southern. W. 

March 9, I1849— November 15, 1850. 2 Vols. 
The Daily Mississippi Standard. 

March 23— May 9, 1866. 
The Jackson Daily Times. 

May 13, 1875— May 17, 1878. 4 Vols. 
(Formerly published at Vicksburg.) 
The Jackson Weekly Times. 

June 15 — July 26, 1878. 
Kosciusko. 
The Sun. W. 

March 18, 1854 — December 23, 1854. 1 Vol. 

February 10, 1855 — December 1, 1855. 1 Vol. incomplete. 
The Meridian Chronicle. W. 

January 22 — December 24, 1868. 1 Vol. 
Meridian Evening Star. 

January 1, 1898— December 1, 1900 (unbound). 
Monticello — 
The Pearl River Advocate and Eastern Advertiser. W. 

May 7 — November 27, 1830. 1 Vol. 
Monticello Gazette. W. 

February 2 — June 22, 1833. 
The Southern Journal. W. 

May 18.. 1850— July I, 1854. 1 Vol. 
Natchez — 
The Daily Courier. 
July 2. 1841 — December 31, 1841. 1 Vol. 
January 1, 1853 — September 2, 1853. 1 Vol. 



94 Mississippi Historical Society. 

The Natchez Weekly Courier. 

April 10, 1850 — December 25, 1850. 1 Vol. 

January 8, 1851 — December 31, 1851. 1 Vol. 
Natchez Courier. S. W. 

August 20, 1850 — December 30, 1851. 2 Vols. 
The Natchez Daily Democrat and Courier. 

July 24, 1874— July 7, 1875. 3 Vols. 
Continued as 
The Daily Democrat. Democratic. Established 1865 (as W.) 

July 8, 1875 — December 31, 1900. 29 Vols. 
Mississippi Free Trader. W. 

January 22, 1836 — December 31, 1840. 5 Vols. 

November 1, 1843. 

August 28, 1844 — December 27, 1848. 5 Vols. 

April 18, 1849 — October 17, 1849. 1 Vol. 
Mississippi Free Trader and Natchez Gazette. T. W. 

January 9, 1845— July 15, 1845. 

. S. W. 

June 6 — September 22, 1849. 1 Vol. 
Mississippi Gazette. W. 

June 6, 1818— July 18, 1818. 

January 1, 1820 — December 16, 1820. 1 Vol. 

January 13, 1821 — December 29, 1821. 1 Vol. 

January 1, 1823 — December 27, 1823. 1 Vol. 

January 31, 1824 — December 18, 1824. 1 Vol. 

January 8, 1825 — December 10, 1825. 1 Vol. 

January 7, 1826 — December 16, 1826. 1 Vol. 

February 27, 1830 — December 29, 1832. 3 Vols. 

February 29, 1833 — August 31, 1833. 1 Vol. 
The Natchez Gazette. S. W. 

January 2, 1819 — December 25, 1819. 1 Vol. 

May 21, 1825 — December 10, 1825. 1 Vol. 
The Mississippi and Natchez Advertiser. W. 

August, 1822 — December 6, 1823. 2 Vols. 

January 3, 1824 — October 22, 1824. 1 Vol. 
Natchez Newspaper and Public Advertiser. W. 

April 26— December 6, 1826. 1 Vol. 
Mississippian Republican and Literary Register. W. 

February 9, 1819. August 14, 1823. 5 Vols. 

September 17, 1823 — January 28, 1824. 1 Vol. 
Statesman and Gazette. W. 

March 7, 1829 — February 20, 1830. 2 Vols. 
Paulding — 

Eastern Clarion. W. 

January 21, 1854 — May 12, 1855. 2 Vols. 

January 9, 1858— December 14, 1859. 2 Vols. 

January 4, i860 — December 26, i860. 1 Vol. 
Port Gibson — 
The Port Gibson Correspondent. W. 

March 27, 1819 — May 15. 1819. 

July 24, 1819 — May 27, 1824. 6 Vols. 
The Port Gibson Correspondent and Mississippi General Advertiser. 
W. 

January 13. 1825 — December 13, 1828. 4 Vols. 
Tri-Weekly Southern Reveille. 

August 16, i860. 
Ripley — 
The Ripley Advertiser, Democratic. Established 1842. W. 

April 12, 1855 — November 27, 1856. 2 Vols. 



Library of Congress. 95 

January 6, 1858— May 26, 1858. 1 Vol. 

January 4, i860 — April 11, i860. 1 Vol. 
Vicksburg — 

The Daily Citizen. 

June 9, i860. 

July 2, 1863. 
Vicksburg Daily Commercial. 

March 21, 1877 — December 2.J, 1882. 7 Vols. 
The Vicksburg Herald. Democratic. Established 1864. D. 

February 16, 1865 — June 4, 1867. 3 Vols. 

August 2.^, 1867 — October 20, 1867. 

January 1, 1898 — December 31, 1900. 6 Vols. 
Herald and Mississippian. D. 

June 5 — August 25, 1867. 
The Republican. W. 

May 4, 1825. 
Vicksburg Weekly Republican. 

January 21 — December 27, 1868. 1 Vol. 
The Vicksburg Weekly Sentinel. 

November 5, 1839 — December 31, 1839. 1 Vol. 

April 16, 1844 — March 15, 1848. 2 Vols, incomplete. 

June 22, 1853 — December 26, 1855. 3 Vols. 
Sentinel and Expositor for, the Country. W. 

January 1, 1839 — October 15, 1839. 1 Vol. 

February 21 and March 14, 1843. 
Vicksburg Daily Times. 

January 1, 1873 — April 26, 1875. 3 Vols. 

Removed to Jackson, Miss. See Jackson Daily Times. 
Daily Vicksburg Whig. 

November 24, i860. 
Yazoo City — 
The Yazoo Democrat. S. W. 

March 31, 1849 — July 31, 1850. 1 Vol. 

The Library of Congress also contains the following books 
and pamphlets that relate to Mississippi: 

Besancon's Annual register of the State of Mississippi for the year 
1838, Vol. 1. Natchez. L. A. Besancon, 1838. Map. 120 . 

Chapman, H. P. and J. F. Battaile. Picturesque Vicksburg and the 
Yazoo delta. Vicksburg, Miss. Vicksburg Printing and Publishing Co. 
1895. Illustrated. 8°. 

Claiborne, J. F. H. Historical Account of Hancock County. New 
Orleans. Hopkins Printing office. [1876.] 8°. 

Mississippi, as a Province, Territory and State. Vol. 1. Jackson, 
Miss. Power & Barksdale. 1880. Portrait. 8°. 

Clayton, A. M. Centennial Address on the History of Marshall 
County. Washington, D. C, R. O. Polkinhorn. 1880. 8°. 

Davis,. Reuben. Recollections of Mississippi and Mississippians. 
Boston and New York. Houghton, Mifflin and Company. 1889. Por- 
trait. 8°. 

Duval, Mary V. History of Mississippi and Civil Government. 
Louisville, Ky., Courier-Journal Job Printing Co. 1892. 12 . 

Lowry, Robert and William H. McCurdle. A History of Mississippi 
for Use in Schools. New York and New Orleans. University Pub- 
lishing Company. 1900. Map. Illustrations. 12 . 

Lynch, James D. Kemper County Vindicated, and a Peep at Radical 
Rule in Mississippi. New York. E. J. Hale & Sons. 1870. 12 . 



96 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Morgan, A. T. Yazoo; or, On the Picket Line of Freedom in the 
South. Washington, D. C. Published by the author. 1884. 8°. 

Richardson, Lee, Jr., and Thomas D. Goodman. In and About 
Vicksburg. The Gibraltar Publishing Company, Vicksburg, Miss. 1890. 
Illustrated. 12 . 

Riley, Franklin L. School History of Mississippi. Richmond. Va. R. 
F. Johnson Publishing Company, 1900. Illustrated. 12 . 

Louisiana Historical Society. 

The collections of the Louisiana Historical Society are kept 
at Tulane University. The Society has been very successful in 
its efforts to collect historical materials. All of the manuscript 
historical materials belonging to the State of Louisiana, not 
necessary for the current business of the State offices, have been 
placed in the custody of the Society. The most interesting of 
these collections in this connection are the papers of Missis- 
sippi's most honored citizen, Jefferson Davis. These were pre- 
sented to the Society a few months ago by Mrs. Davis. The 
Commission was unable to get a calendar of these papers, but 
has learned from newspapers that they contain six thousand or 
more titles. 

The following extract from the Report of the Alabama History 
Commission (pp. 227-229), relates to other parts of the collec- 
tions of the Louisiana Historical Society : 

Manuscripts. 

Its strength in manuscripts may be indicated by the follow- 
ing statement : 

(1) French MSS., Mississippi Valley, 1765-1769. 

(2) La Harpe, MS., Journal Mississippi Valley, 1698-1724. 

(3) Spanish MSS., Mississippi Valley, 1 765-1804. 

(4) Spanish MSS., Mississippi Valley, 1789-1802. 

(5) Spanish MSS., Mississippi Valley, 1788-1807. 

(6) Spanish MSS., Mississippi Valley, 1793-1808. 

(7) MS. Catalogue Miss. Valley. 

(8) Official French Orders, Laws, etc., Mississippi Valley, 
1 690-1719. 

(9) Official French Orders, Laws, etc., Mississippi Valley, 
1720-1729. 

(10) Le Pere Leclercq. Establisement de la Foy dans la 
Nouvelle-France. (MS. From printed book.) 

(11) Miscellaneous papers and documents. 1 package. 

(12) Margary's Manuscripts. Documents sur la Louisiane, 
1 697-1 737. 3 vol. Folio. 

This is one of the most prized treasures of the Society. It is 



Louisiana Historical Society. 97 

in the handwriting of Pierre Margry and was made by him in 
1849. "^ is made up of details, abstracts of reports, letters, 
and papers passing between Bienville and other officials and 
the French Government." 

The matter is greatly abridged, in some cases a mere title, in 
others a short abstract, and in some cases complete copies. 
These are documents not contained in his published volumes. 

(13) Notes et documents sur l'Histoire de la Louisiana. 1673- 
1720. Vol. I. Folio. 

This is the volume collected in 1845 by Mr. Magne from the 
archives de La Mariene. It was carried away by Federal 
troops, but subsequently recovered. It is largely filled with 
documents copied in extenso, and is regarded as of great value. 
Vol. II. seems irrevocably lost; it covered a period from 1673 
to 1826. 

Official Archives. 

The Society is also the express custodian of 109 volumes of 
miscellaneous papers, ranging over the period, 1756-1806, and 
consisting of notarial acts and deeds, judicial papers, wills, mar- 
riage contracts, etc., They are as yet uncatalogued, and only 
partial indications of their contents have been published. 

Louisiana State Library. 

Regarding Mississippi history sources in the Louisiana State 

Library, New Orleans, the letter below from Mrs. Albertine F. 

Phillips, Librarian, under the date Nov. 19, 1901, is given: 

"We have no Miss, newspapers, or manuscript letters or documents 
of your State. The only early information regarding it is such as is con- 
tained in early Histories & Voyages of La., viz.: Darby's Statistical & 
Geographical History of Louisiana, which was published in 1817. It con- 
tains the Statistical and Geographical History of Mississippi and Ala- 
bama, with map of each. We have also a number of the first voyages 
to Louisiana, printed in French which include the Mississippi coast 
history." 

Missouri Historical Society. 
The Missouri Historical Society, 1600 Locust St., St. Louis, 
was established in 1866. It is now in possession of "many 
valuable old books of travel up and down the Mississippi River" 
and many newspapers. The library is, however, at present not 
well classified, and nothing can be said definitely as to its value 
to the worker in Mississippi history. 

New York Historical Society. 
The New York Historical Society, 170 Second avenue, City 
of New York, is rich in materials bearing upon American his- 



98 Mississippi Historical Society. 

tory. Mr. Owen, in the Report of the Alabama History Commis- 
sion, says, "Its most valuable collection for Southern students 
is seven volumes of copies in the original, of Spanish documents 
from the Archives in Madrid, bequeathed to the Society in 1871 
by Buckingham Smith." A calendar of these volumes is given 
in the Report of the Alabama History Commission, pp. 256-261. 

The Librarian, Mr. Robert H. Kelby, has kindly furnished 
from this wealth of material a list of printed volumes and other 
historical material, maps, etc., relating more or less directly to 
Mississippi. Much of this is so rare and valuable to the South- 
ern investigators that the entire list, as prepared by him, is here 
given. 

It reads as follows : 

The Miss. Valley. Its Physical Geography, including Sketches 
of the Topography, Botany, Climate, Geology. * * * By 
J. W. Foster. 8vo. Chicago, 1869. 

Recollections of the last Ten Years, passed in occasional resi- 
dences and journeyings in the Valley of the Mississippi. * 

* * * By Timothy Flint. 8vo. Bost., 1826. 

The History and Geography of the Mississippi Valley. * * * 
By Timothy Flint. Second ed., 2 vols, in one. 8vo. Cin- 
cinnati, 1832. 

History of the Valley of the Mississippi. By Adolphus M. Hart. 
i2mo. Cincinnati, 1853. 

History of the Discovery and Settlement of the Valley of the 
Mississippi * * * until the year 1846. By John W. 
Monette. 2 vols. 8vo. N. Y., 1848. 

Speech on the Alississippi Contested Election. Delivered in 
the H. of R. of the U. S. January 17, 1838. By Sargent 
S. Prentiss. 8vo. pp. 16. Washington, 1838. 

Grant to the Georgia-Mississippi Company. The Constitution 
thereof, and extracts relative to the situation, soil, climate 
and navigation of the Western Territory of Georgia * * 

* . 8 vo, pp. 39. Augusta, 1795. 

History of Alabama and incidentally of Georgia and Mississippi. 
From the earliest period. By Albert J. Pickett. 2 Vols., 
i2mo. (2d ed.) Charleston, 1851. 

New England Mississippi Land Company. Memorial of the Di- 
rectors of the Citizens of the State of Massachusetts. To 
the Honorable Members of the Senate and H. of R. of the 
U. S. 8vo. pp. 15. np. 2d. 

Mississippi Valley. View of the * * * or the Emigrants' 
and Travelers' Guide to the West. i2mo. [By R. Baird.] 
Phila., 1832. 

Report upon the Physics and Hydraulics of the Miss. River, 



New York Historical Society. 99 

upon the Protection of the Alluvial Region against over- 
flow, and upon the Deepening of the mouth * * * . 
4to. Phila., 1861. (Professional Papers of the Corps of 
Topographical Engineers, U. S. A., No. 4.) 

George Mason, the Young Backwoodsman, or Don't Give Up 
the Ship. A Story of the Mississippi. By the author of 
"Francis Berrian." [By Timothy Flint.] i2mo. Bost., 
1829. 

Miss, and Atlantic Railroad. Prospectus. 8 vo., pp. 34. New 
York, 1852. 
Exhibit March, 1854. 8 vo., pp. 14. N. Y., 1854. 
Report to the Stockholders. April 20, 1854. 8 vo., pp. 16. 
St. Louis, 1854. 

Nine Years of Democratic Rule in Mississippi. Being notes 
upon the Political History of the State, 1838-47. i2mo. 
Jackson, 1847. 

History of the Upper Mississippi Valley. Containing the Geol- 
ogy of the Upper Mississippi and St. Louis Valleys, Ex- 
plorers and Pioneers of Minnesota, Outlines of the History 
of Minnesota, and State Education, by N. H. Winchell, 
Edward D. Neill, J. Fletcher Williams, and Charles S. Bry- 
ant. 4to. Minneapolis, 1881. 

Report of the Commerce and Navigation of the Valley of the 
Mississippi, etc. Prepared for the use of the Chicago Con- 
vention of July 5th, 1847. 8vo. pp. 32. St. Louis, 1847. 

Life and Correspondence of John A. Quitman, Major-General 
U. S. A. and Governor of the State of Mississippi. By J. 
F. H. Claiborne. 2 vols. 8vo. N. Y., i860. 

Miss. River Improvement Convention, Proceedings of the, 
held at Dubuque, Iowa, Feb. 14 and 15, 1866. 8vo. pp. 
52. Dubuque, 1866. 

Miss. Hist. Soc. Administrative Circular No. 1. 8vo. pp. 16. 
Oxford, Miss. [1899.] 

Miss. Campaign 1862-3. Die Kriegfuhrung am Mississippi 
1862-3. 8vo. pp. 241-286. Map. Berlin, 1876. (Beiheft 
zum Militair-Wochenblatt.) 

Miss. Blind Institute. Annual Report of the Superintendent of 
the. 1871. 8vo. pp. 9. Jackson, 1872. 

Miss, and Missouri Railroad Co. Speech of Gen. John A. Dix, 
President of the. Celebration at Iowa City, January 3, 
1856. 8vo. pp. 19. New York, 1856. 

Miss, and Mexican Great Ship Canal. Connecting the Missis- 
sippi River with Lake Borgne. 8vo. pp. 15. New Or- 
leans, 1869. 

Life and Times of Gen. Sam. Dale, the Mississippi Partisan. 
By J. F. H. Claiborne. N. Y., i860. 

The Expeditions of Zebulon M. Pike to Headwaters of the 
Mississippi River * * * 1805-1807. A new edition with 

LofC. 



ioo Mississippi Historical Society. 

a Memor. of Pike, maps, etc. By Elliott Coues. 3 vols. 
8mo. New York, 1895. 

An Account of Expeditions to the Sources of the Mississippi 
* * * i8o5-'o6 and '07. By Zebulon Montgomery Pike. 
8mo. Maps. Phila., 1810. 

Exploratory Travels through the Western Territories of North 
America * * * . By Zebulon Montgomery Pike. 4to. 
Map. London, 181 1. 

The Pioneers, Preachers and People of the Mississippi Valley. 
By William Henry Mulburn. i2mo. N. Y., i860. 

Notes on the Northwest, or Valley of the Upper Mississippi. 
By Wm. J. A. Bradford. i2mo. N. Y., 1846. 

The Chisolm Massacre: A Picture of "Home Rule" in Missis- 
sippi. By James M. Wells. 8vo. (3rd ed.) Washington, D. 

C, 1878. 
Same (2nd ed.). 8vo. Washington, D. C, 1878. 

Some Considerations -on the Consequences of the French Set- 
tling Colonies on the Mississippi * * * . From a Gen- 
tleman of America to His Friend in London. 8vo. pp. 60. 
Map. London, 1720. 

Reminiscences, Sketches and Addresses Selected from My Pa- 
pers During the Ministry of Forty-five Years in Missis- 
sippi, Louisiana, and Texas. i2mo. Houston, Tex., 1874. 

School History of Mississippi for use in Public and Private 
Schools, by Franklin L. Riley. 8vo. Richmond, Va., 1900. 
(Johnson Series.) 

Memoirs of the Life of John Law of Lauriston. Including a 
Detailed Account of the Rise, Progress and Termination of 
the Mississippi System. By John Philip Wood. i2mo. 
Edinburgh, 1824. 

(No. 1.) Mississippi Almanac for the year 1847. 8vo. pp. (?) 
Columbus, Miss., 1847. 
(No. 2.) Same for 1848. 8vo. pp. 36. Columbus, 1848. 
Same No. 3 for 1849. 8vo. PP- 39- Columbus, 1849. 
Same No. 4 for 1850. 8vo. pp. 31. Columbus, 1850. 
Same No. 5 for 1851. 8vo. pp. 41. Columbus, 1851. 

The Mississippi Question Fairly Stated and the Views and Ar- 
guments of Those who Clamor for War Examined in Seven 
Letters * * * By Camillus [William Duane]. 8vo. 
pp. 48. Phila., 1803. 

The River Mississippi from St. Paul to New Orleans Illustrated 
and Described * * * With 30 River Charts and 40 En- 
gravings. 8vo. New York. 

Principles and Practice of Embanking Lands from River 
Floods, as applied to "Levees" of the Mississippi. By 
William Hewson. 8vo. N. Y., i860. 

The Bench and Bar of Mississippi. By lames D. Lynch. 8vo. 
N. Y., 1881. 



New York Historical Society. 101 

The Mississippi Basin. The Struggle in America Between Eng- 
land and France, 1697-1763 * * * By Justin Winsor. 
8vo. Boston, 1895. 

Recollections of Mississippi and Mississippians. By Reuben 
Davis. 8vo. Bost., 1889. 

Mississippi Hist. Soc. Publications (Vol. I.), 1898 (Vol. II.), 
1899 (Vol. III.), 1900. 

60 Years on the Upper Mississippi. My Life and Experiences. 
By L. W. McMaster. 8vo. Rock Island, 111., 1893. 

Mississippi Baptist Preachers. By L. S. Foster. 8vo. St. 
Louis, Mo., 1895. 

Discovery and Exploration of the Mississippi Valley * * *. 
8vo. New York, 1852. 

To the Public of New York and of the United States. The 
Author of "The Discovery of the Sources of the Missis- 
sippi," etc., etc. 8vo. pp. N. Y., 1825. [J. C. Beltrami.] 

.Statutes of the Mississippi Territory * * *. 8vo. Natchez, 
1816. 

Laws of the State of Mississippi Passed at Regular Session of 
the Mississippi Legislature held in * * * Jackson, Oc- 
tober, November and December, 1865. 8vo. Jackson, 
1866. ^ 

Mississippi as a Province, Territory and State, with Biograph- 
ical Notices of Eminent Citizens. By J. F. H. Claiborne. 
Vol. I. 8vo. Jackson, 1880. 

History of Education in Mississippi. By Edward Mayes. 
(United State Bureau of Education. Circular of Informa- 
tion No. 2, 1899. Contributions to American Educational 
y History, Edited by Herbert B. Adams, No. 24.) 8vo. 
Washington, 1899. 

A History of Mississippi from the Discovery of the Great River, 
by Hernando DeSoto * * * to the Death of Jefferson 
Davis. By Robert Lowry and William H. McCardle. 8vo. 
Jackson, 1891. 

A History of the Jetties at the Mouth of the Mississippi River. 
By E. L. Corthell. 8vo. N. Y., 1880. 

Official Report of the Proceedings of the Mississippi River Im- 
provement Convention. Held in St. Louis, Missouri, on 
October 26th, 27th and 28th, 1881 * * * Together with 
a Memorial to Congress * * *. 8vo. St. Louis, 1881. 

Report on the Agriculture and Geology of Mississippi, embrac- 
ing a sketch of the Social and Natural History of the State. 
By B. L. C. Wailes. 8vo. Jackson, 1854. 

James, U. P. Various "James' River Guide." 

Report intended to illustrate a map of the Hydrographical Ba- 
sin of the Upper Mississippi River, made by I. N. Nicollet, 
Feb. 16, 1841. (Senate Doc. (237), 26th Congress, 2d Ses- 
sion.) 8vo. Washington, 1843. 



102 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Preliminary Report on the Geology and Agriculture of the 
State of Mississippi. By L. Harper. 8vo. Jackson, 1857. 

The Discovery of the Mississippi. A Bibliographical Account, 
with a fac-simile of the Map of Louis Joliet, 1674. By Ap- 
pleton P. C. Griffin * * *. Reprinted from the map of 
Amer. Hist. March and April, 1883. 4to. pp. 20. N. Y., 
1887. 

Proceedings of the Mississippi State Convention held January 
7th to 26th, A. D. 1861 * * *. 8vo. Jackson, 1861. 

Journal of the State Convention and Ordinances and Resolu- 
tions Adopted in January, 1861, with an appendix. 8vo. 
Jackson, 1861. 
Same, March, 1861. 8vo. Jackson, 1861. 

Laws of the State of Mississippi Passed at a Regular Session 
* * * ^eld ' m * * * Jackson, November and Decem- 
ber, 1861, and January, 1862. 8vo. Jackson, 1862. 
Same, held in Jackson and Columbus, Dec, 1862, and Nov., 

1863. 8vo. Selma, Ala., 1864. 
Same, held in Columbus, Feb. and March, 1865. 8vo. pp. 71. 
Meridian, 1865. 

The Statutes of the State of Mississippi of a Public and General 
Nature, with the Constitutions of the United States and 
of this State, and an appendix * * * . Compiled by V. 
E. Howard and A. Hutchinson. 8vo. New Orleans, 1840. 

A Digest of the Laws of Mississippi, comprising all the Laws 
of a General Nature. Including the Act of the Session of 
1829. B. T. J. Fox Alden and J. A. Van Hoesen. 8vo. 
N. Y., 1839. 

Norman's Chart of the Lower Mississippi River. By A. Per- 
sac. (Folded in 8vo. size.) New Orleans, 1858. 

Lloyd's Map of the Lower Mississippi River from St. Louis to 
the Gulf of Mexico * * * . (J. T. Lloyd, Publisher.) 
(Folded in 8vo. size.) N. Y., 1863. 

Journal of the Proceedings and Debates in the Constitutions! 
Convention of the State of Mississippi, August, 1865. 8vo. 
Jackson, 1865. 

Constitution * * * as amended with the Ordinances and 
Resolutions adopted by the Constitutional Convention, Au- 
gust, 1865. 8vo. pp.' 56. Jackson, 1865. 

Miss. Laws, Passed at a called session of the Miss. Legislature, 
held in * * * Jackson, October, 1866, and January 
and February, 1867. 8vo. Jackson, 1867. 
Same, held in Jackson and Columbus, Dec, 1862, and Nov., 

1863. 8vo. Selma, Ala., 1864. 
Same, held in * * * Jackson, July, 1861. pp. 7-30-86. 

Jackson, 1861. 
Same, held in * * * Jackson, in January, February and 
March, A. D. 1846. 8vo. Jackson, 1846. 



New York Historical Society. 103 

Miss. State Cases: Being Criminal Cases Decided in the High 
Court of Errors and Appeals and in the Supreme Court of 
Miss. From the June Term, 1818, to the First Monday in 
January, 1872, inclusive * * * . By J. S. Morris. 2 
vols. 8vo. Jackson, 1872. 

Kurtze Remarques iiber den jetzeger Zeit Welt-beruffenen Mis- 
sissippis chen actien — Handel in Paris * * * entworfen 
von P. J. M. 4to. title page. 8vo. pp. 22. Portrait. 
Frankfurt, 1720. 

Ausfuhrliche Historische Geographische Beschreibung des an 
dem grossen Flusse Mississippi in Nord-Amerika gelegenen 
herzlichen Landes Louisiana * * *. 8vo. Map. Leip- 
zig, 1720. 
Another copy bound with "Kurtze Remarques * * * von 
P. J. M. 1720. 

Mississippi Valley Sanitary Fair Catalogue. 8vo. pp. 37. St. 
Louis, 1864. 

Miss. Valley Railroad Convention Official Proceedings, held at 
St. Louis, Nov. 15 and 16th, 1852, with Memorial to Con- 
gress. Also Proceedings of the North Missouri Railroad 
Convention held at St. Charles, Nov. 10, 1852, with Memor- 
ial to Congress. 8vo. pp. 63. St. Louis. 

Miss. Valley. Hints to Railroad Subscribers in the — 8vo. pp. 
12. Cincinnati, 1855. 

Kimball and James' Business Directory of the Mississippi Val- 
ley * * * 1844. 8vo. Cincinnati, 1844. 

Mississ. University of — Catalogue 1872-73. 8vo. pp. 16. Ox- 
ford, Miss. 

Histoire Critique de la Decouverte du Mississippi (1669-1673) 
D'apres les documents inidits du Ministere de la Marine. 
8vo. pp. 22. Paris. 

Mississippi River. From St. Paul to New Orleans, Illustrated 
and Described with views and descriptions of cities con- 
nected with its trade and commerce * * * 8vo. New 
York. 
Miss. River. Report of the Commission of U. S. Engineers 
appointed to report a plan for the Reclamation of the Al- 
luvial Basin subject to Inundation. 8vo. Washington, 

l8 ?5- 

Miss River. Address from the Navigation Interest to our Na- 
tional Legislators urging that Congress reserve the Un- 
obstructed Navigation of the — 8vo. pp. 8. St. Louis, 
1866. 

Miss. River, An Act for the Protection of the Navigation of 
the — and its Tributaries, and why it is needful. 8vo. pp. 
7. St. Louis, 1866. 

Nine Years of Democratic Rule in Mississippi. Being Notes 



104 Mississippi Historical Society. 

upon the Political History of the State, from the Beginning 
of the Year 1838 to the Present Time, 1847. 

A memorial to Congress to secure an adequate Appropriation 
for a Prompt and Thorough Improvement of the Missis- 
sippi River, with an appendix by Sylvester Waterhouse. 
(Edition, 5,000 copies.) 8vo. pp. 37 St. Louis, 1877. 

Journal of the State Convention and Ordinances and Resolu- 
tions adopted in March, 1861. 8vo. Jackson, 1861. 

Journal of the State Convention and Ordinances and Resolu- 
tions adopted in January, 1861, with an appendix. 8vo. 
Jackson, 1861. 

My Cave Life in Vicksburg, with Letters of Trial and Travel. 
By a Lady [Mrs. James M. Loughborough]. i2mo. New 
York, 1864. 

Handbook of the State of Mississippi. By Ely Wall, Commis- 
sioner. 8vo. pp. 100. Jackson, 1885. 

Yazoo; or, On the Picket Line of Freedom in the South. A 
Personal Narrative. By A. T. Morgan. 8vo. Washing- 
ton, D. C, 1884. 

In and About Vicksburg. An Illustrated Guide-Book to the 
City of Vicksburg, Mississippi. Its History * * *. 8vo. 
Vicksburg, 1890. 

Cavelier de la Salle de Rouen par Gabriel Gravier. 8vo. Paris, 
1871. 

Centennial Address on the History of Marshall County, de- 
livered by A. M. Clayton, at Holly Springs, Mississippi,. 
August 12th, 1896. 8vo. pp. 32. Washington, D. C, 1880, 

Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi * * * 
In two volumes. Illustrated. 4to. Chicago, 1891. 

Historical Account of Hancock County and the Sea Board of 
Mississippi, an address delivered by Hon. J. F. H. Clai- 
borne * * * July 4th, 1876. 8vo. pp. 16. New Or- 
leans, La., [1876.] 

A Physical and Topographical Sketch of the Mississippi Terri- 
tory, Lower Louisiana, and a part of West Florida. By 
Garrett Elliott Pendergrast. 8vo. pp. 34. Phila., 1803. 

Kemper County Vindicated and a Peep at Radical Rule in Mis- 
sissippi. By James D. Lynch. 8vo. N. Y., 1879. 

Decouvertes et Etablissements de Cavelier de la Salle en Rouen 
dans L'Amerique du Nord. (Lacs Ontario, Erie, Huron, 
Michigan, Vallees de L'Ohio et du Mississippi et Texas), 
Par Gabriel Gravier. 8vo. Paris, 1870. 

Nouvelle Etude sur Cavelier de la Salle * * * Par Gabriel 
Gravier. (Extrait du Bulletin de la Societe libre d' Emu- 
lation du Commerce et de l'lndustrie de la Seine-Inferi- . 
sure.) 4to. pp. 61. Rouen, 1885. 

Fifty Years on the Mississippi; or, Gould's History of River 
Navigation. By E. W. Gould. 8vo. St. Louis, ii 



New York Historical Society. 105 

[2] Letter from His Excellency, David Holmes, Governor of 
the State of Mississippi, transmitting a copy of the Consti- 
tution and form of Government of the said State, Dec. 4, 
1817. 8vo. pp. 23. Washington, 1817. 

A History of the Primitive Baptists of Mississippi * * *. By 
Benjamin Griffin. 8vo. Jackson, 1853. 

The Delta of the Mississippi; The Physics of the River, the 
Control of its Floods and the Redemption of the Alluvion. 
By. Col. Caleb G. Forschey. (From the Proceedings of 
the American Association for the Advancement of Science.) 
8vo. pp. 78-1 11. Map. Cambridge, 1873. 

The Physics of the Gulf of Mexico and of its Chief Affluent, 
the Mississippi River. By Caleb G. Forschey. 8vo. pp. 
42. (From the Proc. of the Amer. Assoc, for the Advance- 
ment of Science, Vol. I., Nashville Meeting, Aug., 1877.) 
Salem, 1878. 

A Concise History of the Introduction of Protestantism into 
Mississippi and the Southwest. By Rev. John G. Jones. 
8vo. St. Louis, 1866. 

Rozier's History of the Early Settlement of the Mississippi Val- 
ley. By Firman A. Rozier. 8vo. St. Louis, 1890. 

History of Mississippi and Civil Government * * * . By 
Mary V. Duval. 8vo. Louisville, Ky., 1892. 

Das Mississippi Gesenke; mit besonderes Rucksicht auf Be- 
fiedelungs verhaltnisse betrachtet von Eduard Pelz. 8vo. 
pp. 58. Leipzig, 1871. 

Constitution and Other Documents in Relation to the State 
Historical Society of Mississippi. 8vo. pp. 15. Jackson, 
1859. 

Constitution and Form of Government for the State of Missis- 
sippi. 8vo. pp. 40. Natchez, 1817. 

Observations on the Aboriginal Monuments of the Mississippi 
Valley * * * with Illustrations. 8vo. pp. 80. N. Y., 
1847. 

Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley * * * . (First 
volume of the Smithsonian Contributions to knowledge.) 
4to. Washington, 1848. 

Memoirs and Adventures of Capt. Matthew Phelps, formerly 
of Hewington, Conn. * * * . Particularly in Two Voy- 
ages from Connecticut to the River Mississippi, Dec, 1773, 
to Oct., 1780. By Anthony Haswell. i2mo. Benning- 
ton, 1802. 

The Western Pilot * * * . By Samuel Cumings. Have 
editions 1825, 1829, 1832, 1833, ^34, 1836, 1838, 1839, 1840, 
1 841, 1845, 1847, l8 4 8 , !849. 

The Western Navigator * * * . By Samuel Cumings. 2 
vols. Folio. Vol. I., Charts; Vol. II., Text. Phila., 1822. 



106 Mississippi Historical Society. 

New York Public Library. 

This great library contains a great wealth of manuscript ma- 
terials. The most important collections to investigators in the 
field of Southern history are the Bancroft Manuscripts and the 
Chalmers Papers, which are in the Lenox branch of this li- 
brary. 

The first of these collections is not known to contain anything 
that relates directly to Mississippi history. The large number 
of colonial manuscripts that relate to Georgia, Florida, and the 
Carolinas, doubtless treat also of Mississippi incidentally. Dr. 
J. S. Billings, of this library, furnished the Alabama History 
Commission with the following list of volumes which are of in- 
terest in this connection: 

"Archives Francaises-Espange, 1768-1783, in 10 volumes, con- 
taining transcript of about 500 letters between Vergennes, 
Florida Blanca and others, relating to American and Euro- 
pean public affairs, including those of Louisiana. 

"Archives Francaises-Louisanne, 1754-1765, containing about 
50 letters and documents, being the correspondence of 
d'Abbadie and Aubry with the French ministry, speeches to 
the Indians, etc. 

"Transcript of a Descripcion De La Bahia De Santa Maria De 
Galve (Antes Panzacola) De La Movilla, etc., by Siguenza 
y Gongora. The Descripcion was published in Mexico, 
1694. 

"Journal des depenses de la colonie de la Nouvelle Orleans, 
1766. 174 leaves. Fo." 
Among the Chalmers Papers, which fill 21 folio volumes, may 

be found one volume relating to West Florida, 1763-1782. 

New York State Library. 

The New York State Library, Albany, was established in 
1818. Mr. J. T. Jennings, a member of the present library staff, 
furnishes the following list of materials, which he says exhaust 
the resources of that library in Mississippi history : 

Afleck's Almanac, 1854. 
Darby, Geog. description of Miss., 1817. 
Gravier, J., Relation, 1700. 
Louisiana and Miss, directory, 1871. 
Meek, A. B., Romantic passages, 1857. 
New Orleans directory, Biog., 1855. 
Claiborne, J. F. H., Pine region of Miss., 1877. 
Creecy, J., Scenes in the south, i860. 



New York State Library. 107 

Gilman vs. Brown, 1817. 

Mississippi, Gov. mess., 1858; 1872, 3, 4. 

Miss., Centenn. of 1876. Report, 1877. 

Nordhoff, C, The cotton states in 1875. 

Scott, J. B., Miss, land co. claims, 1805. 

U. S. Senate comm. on outrages in Miss., 1875. 

Wood, J. W., Secession in Miss., 1863. 

An accurate map of Miss, with a large portion of Louisiana & 

Alabama, 1845. 
Biographical & historical memoirs of Miss., 1891. 
Davis, R., Recollections of Miss. & Mississippians, 1889. 
Lowry, R., & McCardle, W. H. History of Miss., 1891. 
U. S. House. Report of committee to whom was referred a 

memorial praying to be admitted into the union, 181 1. 
Claiborne, Hancock co. 
Clayton, Marshall co. 
McMillan, Monticello. 

In the Report of the Alabama History Commission (pp. 263-267) 
is to be found a list of manuscripts, the property of the New 
York State Library, purchased at a cost of $800. From the 
list the following are here reproduced as being of probable 
value to Mississippi history: 

1. Quebec, 13 Oct., 1700. Abstract of a letter from Mr. de 

Conty (Alphonse de Tonti) and de Villermont. 3 pp. 

2. New Rochelle, 28 Oct., 1700. Abstract of Anon, letter. 

Writer has seen d'Iberville, who showed him some curios 
brought home from his voyage. 2 pp. 

3. La Rochelle, 26 Dec, 1700. Anon, letter. News received 

from St. Domingo d'Iberville improves landing at Missis- 
sippi. 

4. Rouen, 2 June, 1701. Anon, letter. Received letter from a 

friend who accompanied Bishop of Quebec on his voyage 
and met a missionary returning from the Miss. 2 pp. 

5. Mobile, 5 March, 1702. Abstracts of a letter from Mr. de 

Flie. 3 pp. 

6. Rochefort, 10 July, 1702. Abstract of a letter containing 

answers to questions put to d'Iberville. 2 pp. 

7. 26 June-29 July, 1699. 3 unsigned letters relating to the 

discovery of the mouth of the Mississippi. 3 pp. 

8. 15 Oct., 1698-23 June, 1699. Brief account of d'Iberville's 

first voyage to Miss, by somebody on board de Chateau- 
marand's ship. 3 pp. 

9. June, 1699. d'Iberville letter to the Minister de la Marine 

(printed in Margry), 4 :i 16-28). 8 pp. 

10. 10 Sept., 1704. Anon, letter relating to the Mississippi. 4 
pp. 



io8 Mississippi Historical Society. 

11. 17 — ? Anon, paper containing brief geographical descrip- 
tions of principal colonies in N. and S. America. 4 pp. 

12. No date. 2 papers, without name or date giving general 

summary of early voyages and discoveries in America. 3 
pp. and 4 pp. 

PENNSYLVANIA HISTORICAL, SOCIETY. 

The Pennsylvania Historical Society, 1300 Locust St., Phila- 
delphia, is in possession of the following matter bearing upon 
Mississippi history: 

Mississippi and Louisiana Almanac, 1824. 

Mississippi and Mississippians, etc. By Reuben Davis. 

Mississippi Province, etc. By J. F. H. Claiborne, 1880. 

Mississippi Bench and Bar. By Lynch, 1881. 

Mississippi College Catalogues, 1854-55. 

Mississippi, The Flush Times. By J. G. Baldwin. 1853. 

Mississippi Historical Society. 1859. 

Mississippi, History of. Picket. Charleston, 185 1. 

Mississippi Land Co., with vindication, etc. 1804. 

Mississippi, Nine Years of Democratic Rule, 1838-47. 

Mississippi Question Fairly Stated, etc., etc. Bv Camillus. 

1803. 
Mississippi Question, etc. U. S. Senate. By Wm. Duane. 

Phila., 1803. 
Mississippi Question, etc. By a French Counsellor of State. 

Phila., 1803. 
Mississippi Report of the Minority of the Select Committee on 

the Union Bank Bonds. 1842. 
Mississippi Report Agricul. and Geolog. By Wailes. 1854. 
Mississippi Scenes. By Jos. Cobb. 1851. 
Mississippi Slave Question. Robt. J. Walker. 1841. 
Mississippi Territory. Address to the People, showing the 

policy of dividing the Territory. Natchez, 1816. 
Mississippi Territory. Relating to conduct of Gov. Sargent. 

1 801. 
Mississippi Union Bank Report. 1840. 
Mississippi University Catalogues, 1854, '55, '57, '58. 

In the Manuscript Collection of the Historical Society of 
Pennsylvania are to be found some letters from prominent 
Mississippians. These are chiefly letters of introduction, but a 
few are on Southern politics in general. The following is a 
partial list of the latter : 

J. F. H. Claiborne to John A. Parker, Sept. 2, 1856, in re- 
gard to Mr. Buchanan's popularity in the South. 



Pennsylvania University Library. 109 

James Buchanan to Henry S. Foote, May 15, 1850, in regard 

to the Wilmot Proviso and the Missouri Compromise. 
Henry S. Foote to Mr. Buchanan, Dec. 2, 1849, on tne attitude 

of the Southern Whigs towards Buchanan. 
Henry S. Foote to Mr. Buchanan, in regard to Buchanan's 

views on the slavery question, with Buchanan's answer, 

Nov. 8, 1849. 
Henry S. Foote to Mr. Buchanan in regard to his visit to the 

South. 

In addition to the above list of matter, which is furnished by 
Mr. Jno. W. Jordan, may be mentioned as belonging to this 
society a volume of the papers of Thomas Hutchins (1730-1789), 
who was Geographer General of the U. S. from 1774-1784. Mr. 
Hutchins was the author of History, Narrative, and Topograph- 
ical Description of Louisiana and West Florida. He was a brother 
of Col. Anthony Hutchins, prominent in early Mississippi af- 
fairs. 

PENNSYLVANIA UNIVERSITY LIBRARY. 

There are no manuscript letters or documents in the Pennsyl- 
vania University Library that bear upon Mississippi history; 
and of Mississippi newspapers nothing but some recent vol- 
umes or files. Mr. Owen, in the Report of the Alabama His- 
tory Commission, p. 268, notes the valuable work of Dr. Dan- 
iel Garrison Brinton (1837-1899) in Southern archaeology and 
early history and says it "is not only extensive, but of excep- 
tional value. It is the property of the Pennsylvania Univer- 
sity, bequeathed to it by Mr. Brinton himself. The collection 
is not yet catalogued." 

Smithsonian Institution. 
The Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C, has pub- 
lished some reports relative to the mounds in Mississippi. The 
following matter presented by the Secretary of that Institution 
is on file in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society: 

1. The Mounds of the Mississippi Valley. By Lucien Carr. 

(Reprint from the Smithsonian Report for 1891.) 

2. Mounds in Washington County, Mississippi. 

The brief descriptions of these mounds were prepared from 
rough memoranda of surveys made by the late James 
Hough, of Hamilton, Ohio, and sent to the Smithsonian 
Institution by Mr. John M. Millikin. (Extract from the 
Smithsonian Report for 1879.) 



no Mississippi Historical Society. 

3. Mounds in Mississippi. By Samuel A. Agnew, Guntown, 

Miss. Jan. n, 1867. 
The brief descriptions given by Dr. Agnew are of about 
eighteen mounds in Northeast Mississippi. (Extract from 
the Smithsonian Report, 1867.) 

4. The Stock-in-Trade of an Aboriginal Lapidary in Mississippi. 

By Charles Rau. (Reprint from the Smithsonian Report, 
1877.) 

St. Louis Mercantile Library. 

The Mercantile Library, St. Louis, Mo., has in its possession 
a large number of Illinois and Missouri newspapers and some 
valuable manuscripts, all of which are described in a pamphlet 
of twenty-two pages, issued by the Library in 1898. Some of 
the newspapers reach back in time to 1808, and from 1816 on, 
each year is represented by one or more files — the missing pa- 
pers from each file is noted in the pamphlet, 

This Library has collected all books relating to Mississippi 
that it could collect conveniently. 

While the full value of the manuscripts is not known, the en- 
tire list is here reproduced. It will be observed that several 
of them are from points in Mississippi. 

The list is as follows : 

Barbe-Marbois, Francois, marquis de. — Historic de la Louisiane et de la 
cession de cette colonie faite par la France aux Etats-Unis de 
l'Amerique septentrionale; precedee d'un discours sur la consti- 
tution et e gouvernement des Etats-Unis... 
2v. 9% .in. Vol. I., pp. [2]+337+33+i43l; Vol. II., ff. [145]. Many 

slips inserted. 
Author's manuscript of the edition of 1829. 
Benton, Thomas Hart. — Lecture on the progress of the age; delivered 
before the St. Louis Mercantile Library Association, Nov. 14, 1850. 
12% in. 47ft. 
In Benton's handwriting. 
Bissell, Gen. Daniel. — [Letters and documents, 1800-1820, forming part 
of the correspondence and papers of Daniel Bissell, commandant 
of the U. S. military department of Missouri Territory.] 
Bound in vol. lettered Bissell MSS. The papers are as follows: 

1. Gen. James Wilkinson, Fort Adams, 17 May, 1800; to Capt. D. 
Bissell, New Orleans. 3 pp. 

2. Same, Pittsburg, 6 May, 1805; to Col. Thomas Hunt, 1st Inf'y. 3 pp. 

3. Copy of letter (to Sec'y of War?) dated Bellefontaine, 22 Jan., 
1806; unsigned. 1 p. 

4. Lieut. Zebulon M. Pike, Garrison St. Louis, 13 May, 1806; to Capt. 
D. Bissell. 3 pp. 

5. Same, Bellefontaine, 11 June, 1806; to same. 3 pp. 

6. Same, St. Louis, 15 June, 1806; to same. 2 pp. 

7. Same, 28 June, 1806. Extract copied from letter to Gov. Wm. H. 
Harrison. Addressed to Capt. D. Bissell, Fort Massac. 2 pp. 

8. Gov. Wm. Henry Harrison, Grouseland, 8 Oct., 1806; to Capt. D. 
Bissel, Fort Massac. 2 pp. 



St. Louis Mercantile Library. in 

9. Henry Dearborn, Sec'y of War, 13 Oct., 1806; to Col. Thomas 
Hunt. 1 p. 

10. Joseph Browne, St. Louis, 17 March, 1807; to same, Bellefontaine. 
2 pp. 

11. Wm. Clark, U. S. Indian agent, St. Louis, 15 May, 1807; to same. 
2 pp. 

12. Same, St. Louis, 15 May, 1807; to Sec'y of War. 1 p. 

13. Frederick Bates, St. Louis, 22 July, 1807; to Col. Thos. Hunt;, 
Bellefontaine. 3 pp. 

14. Same, St. Louis, 1 Oct., 1807; to same. 1 p. 

15. Same, St. Louis, 22 Oct., 1807; to same. 2 pp. 

16. Col. Thos. Hunt, Bellefontaine, 23 Oct., 1807; to Frederick Bates, 
Act. Gov. 2 pp. 

17. Gov. Meriwether Lewis, St. Louis, 14 May, 1808; orders to 
Nicholas Bolivin. 3 pp. 

18. Same, St. Louis, 23 May, 1808; to Col. Thos. Hunt. Bellefontaine. 
2 pp. 

19. Same, St. Louis, 26 May, 1808; to same. 2 pp. 

20. Same, St. Louis, 10 July, 1808; to same. 2 pp. 

21. Same, St. Louis, 8 Aug., 1808; to same. 4 pp. 

22. John Cleves Symmes, Act'g Adj't, Bellefontaine, 26 June, 1810; 
morning report to Lt. Col. D. Bissell, com'd. 2 pp. 

23. Gov. Wm. Henry Harrison, Vincennes, 9 Aug., 181 1; to Col. D. 
Bissell. 4 pp. 

24. Thos. T. Crittenden, Lexington, 9 Feb., 1812; to same. 2 pp. 

25. General orders to militia of Ty. of Missouri, dated St. Louis, 1 
March, 1813. Printed broadside; signed in autograph by Frederick 
Bates, Act'g Commander-in-Chief, and Will C. Carr, Aid-de-Camp. 

26. Frederick Bates, St. Louis, 11 March, 1813; to Col. D. Bissell, 
Bellefontaine. 1 p. 

27. Col. D. Bissell, Portage des Sioux, 21 April, 1813; to Maj. Jas. 
Morrison, commanding U. S. Militia on the island below Portage 
des Sioux. 1 p. 

28. Benjamin Howard, Florissant, 23 April, 1813; to same. 2 pp. 

29. E. P. Pinkney, Adj. Gen., 7 Dec, 1813; fragment of general 
orders; to Col. D. Bissell, Chateaugay. 1 p. 

30. Wm. Clark, Ninian Edwards, Auguste Chouteau, U. S. Commis- 
sioners to treat with the Indians, dated Portage des Sioux, 11 July, 
1815; to Gen. D. Bissell, Bellefontaine. 2 pp. 

31. Andrew J. Donelson, Aide-de-Camp, Nashville, 20 Dec, 1820; to 
Gen. D. Bissell. 2 pp. 

Chouteau, Auguste. — Journal [in French, describing the founding and 
settlement of St. Louis.] 13 in. [14 pp.] 
Unsigned, but in Col. Chouteau's handwriting. Fragment of a larger 
journal, though complete in itself. A translation of this document 
by J. Givin Brown and J. Wilmer Smith was published as an ap- 
pendix to the 12th Annual Report of our Association (for 1857) ; 
also separately published with the following title: 
"Fragment of Col. Auguste Chouteau's Narrative of the Settlement 
of St. Louis: a literal translation from the original French MS. 
in the possession of the St. Louis Mercantile Library Association. 
St. Louis, Geo. Knapp & Co. 1858." 8°. pp. 10. 

Chouteau, Auguste. — [Papers and correspondence, 1787-1819.] 

Bound in volume lettered "Chouteau MSS." They are as follows: 

1. El Baron de Carondelet. Commission granting to Aug. Chouteau 
exclusive rights as trader among the Great and Little Osages; 
dated Nueva Orleans, 21 de Mayo de 1794. 2 pp. (Spanish.) 

2. Augustine Chouteau. Memorial to the Lt. Governor of the Illi- 

8 



ii2 Mississippi Historical Society. 

nois, relative to establishing a fort among the Great Osages; dated 
Nueva Orleans, 18 de Mayo de 1794. Authorized by the Baron 
of Carondelet, dated Nueva Orleans, 21 de Mayo de 1794. 4 pp. 
(Spanish.) 

3. Same. Piano de la casa fuerte que debe construirse sobre le pequena 
eminencia que domina la aldea de los Osages. .. .[dated] Nueva Or- 
leans, 18 de Mayo de 1794. 3 pp. (No drawings.) 

4. Regis Loiset, of New Orleans. Will, undated. 10 pp. (Spanish.) 

5. Manuel Perez, Nueva Orleans, 22 Agto, 1795; to Auguste Chou- 
teau. 4 pp. (Spanish.) 

6. Martin Navarro (?), Nile Orleans, 23 Aout, 1787; to Auguste 
Chouteau. 2 pp. (French.) 

7. Gilberto Leonard, Treasurer of Louisiana. Receipt for 4,000 Rs. 
to Aug. Chouteau, Nueva Orleans, 7 de Mayo de 1796. 1 p. 
(Spanish.) 

8. Same, Certification of completion of contract for Indian presents 
by Aug. Chouteau, Nueva Orleans, 2 Abril de 1798. 1 p. (Spanish.) 

9. Same, Receipt for 4,800 Rs. to Aug. Chouteau, Nueva Orleans, 23 
de Mayo, 1794. 1 p. (Spanish.) 

10. Francisco Cruzat, Lt. Governor of the Illinois. Statement rela- 
tive to goods for the Indian trade, dated Sn. Luis de Ilinues (sic), 
24 Julio, 1787. 2 pp. (Spanish.) 

11. Manuel Gayso de Lemos, Nile Madrid, 30 Dec, 1795; to "Mons. 
Chouteau." 2 pp. (French.) 

12. Same, Natchez, 30 May, 1796; to same. 1 p. (French.) 

13. Same, Natchez, 12 de 8bre, 1796; to same. 2 pp. (French.) 

14. Ch. de Vilemont, 20 Dec, 1796. 2 pp. (French.) 

15. Manuel Gayoso de Lemos, Nouv. Orleans, 24 Aout, 1797; to M. 
Chouteau. 1 p. (French.) 

16. Same, Natchez, 4 Avril, 1797; to same. 2 pp. (French.) 

17. Same, Nouv. Orleans, 15 Aout, 1797; to same. 1 p. (French.) 

18. Same, Nouv. Orleans, 10 Aout, 1798; to same. 3 pp. (French.) 

19. Same, Governor of Natchez. Appointment of Aug. Chouteau to 
guardianship of Manuel Trudeau, Natchez, 3 de Abril, 1797. 2 pp. 
(Spanish.) 

20. C. de Vilemont, Aux Arkansas, 12 Janv., 1795. 2 pp. (French.) 

21. Same, Ft. Estevan des Arkanzas, 10 Mai, '95. 3 pp. (French.) 

22. Same, Aux Arkansas, 9 7bre, 1795. 2 pp. (French.) 

23. Same, Ste. Etinne des Arkansas, 12 7bre, 1796. 2 pp. (French.) 

24. Zenon Trudeau, Cote des Allemans, 7 Oct., 1804; to Aug Chou- 
teau. 5 pp. (French.) Recorded, District of St. Louis, 12th 
April, 1810. 

25. Jno. Eppes, Washington, Jan. 26, 1805; to Aug. Chouteau. 3 pp. 

26. J. Bruff, Maj. U. S. A., St. Louis, March 26, 1805; to same. 2 pp. 

27. Le comite des habitans de la basse Louisiane. Address to Aug. 
Chouteau concerning their petition to Congress. Nile Orleans, 27 
Mai, 1805. 2 pp. (French.) 

28. Lord G. Fitzgerald, Nouv. Orleans, Feb. 12 (no year); to Aug. 
Chouteau, ip. (French.) 

29. Gov. William Henry Harrison, Vincennes, 21 Dec, 1804; to Aug. 
Chouteau. 4 pp. 

30. Same, Vincennes, 19 March, 1805; to same. 2 pp. 

31. Same, Vincennes, 7 April, 1805; to same. 1 p. 

32. Same, Vincennes, 20 July, 1805; to same. 1 p. 

33. Same, Grouseland, 17 Nov., 1806; to same. 1 p. 

34. Same, North Bend, 14 Nov., 1817; to same. 2 pp. 

35. Gen. Jas. Wilkinson, July 26, 1806; to same. 1 p. 

36. Same, Cantonment Missouri, July 20, 1806; to same. 1 p. 

37. James Monroe, Sec'y of War [Washington], March 11, 1815; to 



Tennessee Historical Society. 113 

Aug. Chouteau, Wm. Clarke, and Ninian Edwards, relating to 
treaty of peace with Great Britain and suppression of Indian hos- 
tilities. 2 pp. 

38. Wm. Clark, St. Louis, Feb. 27, 1816; to Aug. Chouteau. 1 p. 

39. Gen. A. Smith, Belief ontaine, 28 May, 1818; to same. 2 pp. 

40. J. C. Calhoun, Sec'y of War [Washington], 7 March, 1818; to 
same. 1 p. 

41. Lord Selkirk, London, Aug. 30, 1819; to same 3 pp. 
Louisiana — Legislature. 

A journal of the proceedings of the legislature of the territory of 
Louisiana, commencing June 3, 1806, [and ending Oct. 9, 181 1.] 
12% in. [127] pp 

Mostly in the handwriting of Edward Hempstead, Clerk. 

T£nn£sse;e; Historical Society. 

Robert T. Quarles, Corresponding Secretary of the Tennes- 
see Historical Society, Nashville, in a letter of recent date, after 
expressing his gratification that Mississippi had made a start 
in the important matter of preserving its history, says : "Ten- 
nessee has been at work since 1840, and has much to do yet." 
"I find it hard," he says, "to make people understand, that for 
the sake of posterity, they must surrender valuable family let- 
ters and old documents, but little by little they are coming to 
the Society." 

The Tennessee Historical Society has published a list of its 
Manuscripts (about 1,000 titles), in the American Historical 
Magazine, Nashville, October, 1901, a copy of which is on file 
in the archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. From the 
published list of these manuscripts, the following titles are here 
reproduced as being of interest to the Mississippi investigator : 

Manuscript Letters, etc., etc., in Tennessee Historical Society 
Library that relate to Mississippi. 

Bean, Russell. Agreement entered into with James King with regard 
to an adventure to Natchez, June 19, 1798. 

Blount, William, to Gen. Smith, Sept. 6, 1790, enclosing a letter from 
the Secretary of State of the United States, with commission for Gen. 
Smith as Secretary of the territory south of the Ohio river. 

Blount, William. Journal of the proceedings in and over the terri- 
tory of the United States south of the Ohio river, in his executive de- 
partment, from October 22, 1790, to February 6, 1796. 

Blount, Gov. William. Commission to John Donelson as justice of 
the peace for Davidson county, in the territory south of the river Ohio, 
December 19, 1790. 

Blount, Gov. William. Commission to Archibald Mahan as ensign of 
the regiment of militia in Tennessee county, in the territory south of the 
river Ohio. September 15, 1791. . 

Blount, William, to Gen. Daniel Smith, May 16, 1792, relating to a 
"treatise" with the Cherokee and Chickasaw Indians. 



ii4 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Blount, William, to Gen. Smith, June 16, 1793, in regard to protecting 
the frontiers of the Cumberland settlements. 

Blount, William. An ordinance authorizing the election of repre- 
sentatives in the general assembly of the territory south of the river 
Ohio, October 19, 1793. 

Blount, William, to Gen. Daniel Smith, November 29, 1793, giving 
current news. 

Blount, William. Proclamation appointing the fourth Monday of 
February, 1794, for the meeting of the legislature of and for the terri- 
tory south of the river Ohio. 

Blount, William, to Gen. Smith, January 19, 1794, giving his reasons 
for calling an early session of the legislature. 

Blount, Gov. William. Message March 1, 1794, proroguing the leg- 
islature of the territory south of the river Ohio until the fourth Mon- 
day in August. 

Blount, Gov. William. Official journal from September 20, 1793, to 
March 1, 1794. 

Blount, William, to Gen. Smith, May 1, 1795, in regard to sale of ne- 
groes. 

Blount, William, to Gov. Sevier, suggesting the appointment of An- 
drew Jackson as judge, July 6, 1798. 

Blount, Gov. William, journal of. Letter of Edmund Randolph, 
transmitting the journal to Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State of 
the United States, to be presented to Congress, March 1, 1794. 

Blount, Gov. William. Letter from Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of 
State of the United States, to, in regard to Gov. Blount's journal. 

Blount, Gov. Millie. Message to the legislature, September 19, 1815, 
transmitting resolutions of the legislature of Mississippi complimentary 
to Gen. Jackson and his troops. 

Branch, John, Secretary of the Navy, 1830. Letters from various 
persons, catalogued under names of writers. 

Burr, Aaron, to Gen. Jackson, asking him to take charge of his car- 
riage, horses and driver during his "absence on a trip south." No date. 

Burr, Aaron. Papers relating to his arrest. 

Campbell, Col. W. B. Order No. 23, to prepare for marching orders, 
from Gen. Quitman, Camp Allen, near Monterey, Mexico, 1846. 

Chesbrough, E. S., to J. G. M. Ramsey, Nov. 27, 1880, enclosing a 
very early tracing of the Mississippi river. 

Chicamauga battlefield, map of, by E. C. Walthall. 

Chickasaw Indians. Journal of the U. S. Commissioners appointed to 
treat with the Chickasaws in regard to removing them west of the Mis- 
sissippi river, 1826. 

Creek war. Resolutions of Mississippi legislature, 1814, recognizing 
the patriotism and bravery of the Tennessee troops. 

Dennison, Henry, to John Hillsman, Oct. 30, 1800, giving an account 
of local events, marriages, murders, prices current, etc., at Natchez. 

Draper, Lyman C, to various persons, in regard to his historical in- 
vestigations. 

Eaton, John H., to R. I. Chester, Nov. 15, 1832, in regard to survey 
and sale of lands of the Chickasaws. 

Etheridge, Emerson, to H. S. Foote, Aug. 12, 1869. Personal letter. 

Florida war. Diary kept by Major Gen. E. P. Gaines, 1836. 

Foote, Henry S., pardon of, granted by President Johnson, Aug. 26, 
1865. 

Gaines, Edmund P. Notes of a survey from the head of the Muscle 
shoals on the Tennessee river to the Gin port on the Tombigby, and 
down that river to Oaknoscaby, 1808. 

Gaines, Edmund P., Major General commanding. Account of the 
Florida campaign, 1836. 

Garrett, W. Gen. Jackson's Creek campaign. 



Texas State Library. 115 

Gordon, John, memorial address to the commissioners treating with 
the Choctaws and Chickasaws. 

Jackson, Andrew, to William Edwards, April 21, 1810, notice to take 
depositions in the Mississippi territory. 

Jackson, Andrew, to Capt. Gordon, April 13, 1819, in regard to paying 
expenses incurred in making treaty with the Chickasaws. 

Journal of Indian commissioners, 1826, with regard to removal west 
of the Mississippi. 

King, James, agreement with Russel Bean concerning an "adventure 
to Natchez," 1798. 

Madison, James, grants of land in Mississippi territory to Daniel 
Smith, 1810. 

Madison, Mrs. Dolly P., to Mrs. Winston, March 10, 1828. 

Map showing Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, 
West Florida, and Louisiana in 1778. 

Map showing early lines Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina 
and Georgia, Earl Granville's property, etc., 1756. 

Marcey, W. L., Secretary of War, to Gov. A. G. Brown, May 16, 1846, 
calling for volunteers for Mexican war. 

Mississippi territory, resolutions passed by legislature of, relative to 
bravery of Tennessee troops, 1814. 

Mound builders, paper on, by G. M. Radford. 

McMinn, Gov. Joseph, message to the legislature in regard to open- 
ing a road through the Chickasaw nation, Nov. 11, 1815. 

McMinn, Gov. Joseph, to Daniel Graham, Oct. 1, 1818, concerning 
emigrants for the west. 

McMinn, Gov. Joseph, to Daniel Graham, Jan. 4, 1820, relative to the 
purchase of Florida. 

Quitman, Gen. John A., military orders issued by. 

Radford, G. M., paper on the American Indian. 

Roane, Gov. Archibald, to Gen. John Sevier, transmitting as boundary 
commissioner, March 26, 1802. 

Robertson, James, and others, field notes of surveys made in 1782. 

Robertson, James, to John Davis from Chickasaw agency, 1812, as to 
terms made with the Chickasaws. 

Robertson, James, to John Davis from Chickasaw agency, 1813, noti- 
fying him that the Chickasaws had declared war against the Creeks. 

Tennessee boundary line. 

Territory of the United States south of the river Ohio, official docu- 
ments pertaining to. 

Texas State Library. 

The Texas State Library, Austin, has no manuscript letters 
or documents relating to Mississippi. In print it has the fol- 
lowing : 

1. Darby's Emigrant Guide. New York, 1818. 

2. Darby's Geographical Description of Louisiana and the 

Southern Part of Mississippi. New York, 1817. 

3. Vree de la Colone Espagnole du Mississippi. Edited by 

Duvallon. Paris, 1803. 

4. Father Hennepin's two famous volumes on his explorations 

in the Mississippi Valley. Utrecht, 1698. 



n6 Mississippi Historical Society. 

War Department Library. 

The War Department Library, Washington, has issued a 
number of Catalogues of its contents. Copies of these are sent 
to the various depositories for U. S. Public Documents. By 
an examination of the same one may get some idea of how ex- 
tensive is its wealth of military literature. 

The titles of these catalogues as given by the Librarian are 
as follows : 

No. i. Additions to War Department Library from May, 1894, 
to October, 1894. 30 pp. 

No. 2. Index of Periodicals, annuals, and Serials in the War 
Department Library. (1895.) pp. 37. 

No. 3. Index of Literature relating to Mexico in the War De- 
partment Library. (1896.) pp. 21. 

No. 4. Finding List of Military Biographies and other Personal 
Literature in the War Department Library. (1897.) pp. 

93- 

No. 5. List of the Photographs and Photographic Negatives re- 
lating to the War for the Union, now in the War Depart- 
ment Library. (1897.) pp. 219. 

No. 6. Military Literature in the War Department Library re- 
lating chiefly to the Participation of the Individual States 
in the War for the Union. (1899.) pp. 266. 

No. 7. Military Literature in the War Department Library re- 
lating to the Campaign ag'ainst Chattanooga, (etc.), Aug., 
1863, to Dec, 1863. (1898.) pp. 75. 

The Librarian, Mr. J. W. Cheney, writing under the date 
Nov. 20, 1901, says: 

"In compliance with your request of November 15th, I have pleasure 
in cooperating to the extent of our limited resources in your efforts 
to obtain all possible information on the subject of Mississippi his- 
tory. In our collection of non-military State history, where some of 
the States are represented by hundreds of bound volumes and pam- 
phlets, this library has only three bound volumes and pamphlets on 
Mississippi. I send below the titles of all the publications in the library 
pertaining to the State. We have no manuscript letters and documents 
on this subject." 

Adjutant General's report, 1873. _ 

History of Education in Mississippi. Mayes. 

Confederate Dead. Address of E. C. Walthall, delivered at dedica- 
tion of monument at Jackson, Miss., June 3, 1891. 19 PP- 

Grand Army of the Republic. (Union). Dept. of Louisiana and 
Mississippi Journals of annual encampments, 8th to nth. 

Grand Camp Confederate Veterans. Oration of J. A. P. Campbell 
at 3rd annual reunion of Jackson, Miss., July 12th, 1892, 17 pp. 

Mississippi History of, from 1541 to death of Jefferson Davis. Robert 
Lowry and W. H. McCardle. t Jackson. 1891. 4 VIII., 5-648. 

Recollections of Mississippians. Reuben Davis. 

My Cave Life in Vicksburg. But a Lady. 1864. 196 pp. 



Wisconsin State Historical Society. 117 

Wisconsin State Historical Society. 

Reuben G. Thwaites, Secretary and Superintendent of the 

Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison, says in a letter, under 

date Nov. 22, 1901 : 

"Our files of Mississippi papers are quite meagre, consisting merely 
of a few odd numbers, chiefly of war time journals. In our Draper 
collection of MSS. (see infra), of which I enclose a printed list, prob- 
ably there are several papers which bear more or less upon Mississippi 
history, although they are chiefly, as you will see, concerning the Old 
Northwest, Kentucky, Tennessee, Western Pa. and Virginia, with a 
few scattering volumes on the mountain region of the southeast." 

These MSS. number 400 large folio volumes, and are as yet 
but roughly indexed. A printed list of the volumes is on file 
in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

More detailed information could not be obtained without in- 
curring an expense for which no provision had been made. 
The following extract from a communication written by the 
Secretary of the Wisconsin Historical Society relates to this 
point : 

"If desired, I will place you in communication with a professional 
copyist, competent to make the investigation required; the fee charged 
by such person, will be 40 cents an hour for all time spent. The so- 
ciety itself make no charge, and will seek to secure you proper service. 
Or, should you come in person to the library, you will be granted every 
possible facility in your research. " 



AN ACCOUNT OF MANUSCRIPTS, PAPERS, 
AND DOCUMENTS IN PUBLIC RE- 
POSITORIES WITHIN THE 
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI. 



SECTION i. STATE OFFICES. 
By Franklin L. Riley. 

The official State Archives of Mississippi date from the be- 
ginning of the administration of Winthrop Sargent, the first 
Territorial Governor. A few manuscript laws of Mississippi 
under the first grade of Territorial government are preserved 
in the Claiborne Collection. (See infra). No detailed account 
of the removal of the early records to Jackson, when the cap- 
ital was changed to that place, has yet been found. It is not 
definitely known whether the records were moved to Columbia 
in 1821, when that place was temporarily capital of the State. 
It is supposed that from about 1823 to the outbreak of the War 
between the States the official records were in Jackson. 

With reference to this subject Judge J. A. P. Campbell, of 
Jackson, Miss., writes as follows: 

"An act of Feb. 7, 1821, provided for the removal of the seat of 
government to Columbia, and I suppose the act was obeyed, and on 
June 29, 1822, this act was repealed by one declaring that subsequent 
sessions of the Legislature should be held at Jackson, and the offices 
of Secretary of State, Auditor, and Treasurer were directed to be re- 
moved to Jackson by the fourth Monday of December, 1822, and the 
Legislature to meet in Jackson in January, 1824. It did meet there 
in January, 1824. There is nothing in the published acts of 1822 to 
show where they were enacted, but the Journal of the Legislature shows 
that the session of 1822 was held at Columbia. There is nothing in 
the published laws from 1824 to 1840 about the removal from the old 
to the new Capitol. On Feb. 1, 1828, an act required the Secretary of 
State to secure a place and preserve books, maps, etc., belonging 
to the State, and on Feb. 9, 1839, permission was given by act of the 
Legislature to Tearl Lodge No. 3, A. Y. M.' to occupy the upper 
department of the old Capitol, and that is all I can find as to the old 
Capitol. It must have been vacated by the State prior to 1839, but 
when I cannot learn, nor do I find any act of the Legislature on the 
subject of removal. I doubt if there was ever any formal enactment 
for the removal of the Archives." 

In 1863 Gov. Pettus by reason of the close proximity of the 
enemy ordered that the Archives and the offices of the State 
be removed from Jackson to Meridian, thence to Enterprise, 
Columbus and Macon in succession. On this point Judge 
Campbell writes as follows : 

"I. have diligently searched the acts of the Legislature from 1861 to 
1865 without rinding any authorization of the removal of the Archives 
of the State from Jackson. An act in Dec, 1863, approved the re- 



122 Mississippi Historical Society. 

moval by the Clerk of the High Court of Errors and Appeals of the 
records of that court, and compensated him for it, and there was leg- 
islation authorizing the removal of court and county records for safety 
from the threatening enemy, but no act or resolution for the removal 
of the State Archives can be found by me. The Governor was em- 
powered by the Constitution to convoke the Legislature at another 
place than Jackson, but he had no constitutional authority to order re- 
moval of Archives, and, as I conclude, no statutory authority. Inter 
arma silent leges, and he may have acted without express authority." 

From the following extract from a communication, written 
by a Mobile correspondent to the New York Herald, June 8, 
1865, it seems that at least part of the Archives of the State 
of Mississippi were sent to Augusta, Georgia. 

"The rebel State archives of Alabama, removed from the capital to 
Augusta, Ga., on the advance of General Wilson, have been discovered, 
and are expected to be returned to Montgomery in a day or two by 
the proper officers. At present they are in this city. Mr. John B. 
Taylor, State agent, arrived on Sunday evening from Augusta, Ga., 
having in his charge the archives of Alabama. It took no less than 
twelve six mule wagons to carry these papers and a portion of those 
of Mississippi. The latter were forwarded by the Red Chief No. 1 to 
Selma, and from thence will be sent to Jackson, the capital of that 
State." 

It is not known upon what authority this statement was 
made. Neither is it known what became of these papers. 

The following extract taken from Lowry and McCardle's 
larger History of Mississippi, page 355, will give some further 
light upon the removal of State Archives to Jackson: 

"Immediately after the surrender of Lieutenant-General Taylor, 
commanding the Department of Mississippi and East Louisiana, to 
General Canby, commanding the United States forces in this quarter, 
Governor Clark convened the Legislature, in order that the State 
might be speedily placed in accord with the government at Washing- 
ton, under the new order of things. The Legislature was summoned 
to meet at the capital on the 18th day of May, 1865. The offices and 
archives were ordered to be removed to Jackson." 

Gov. Clark's proclamation issued at Meridian, Miss., May 6, 
1865, contains the following sentence: "The officers of the 
State government will immediately return with the archives 
to Jackson." 

The following communication, bearing the date, Jackson, 
Miss., Dec. 9, 1901, is of interest in this connection: 

"In reply to your request to know where the records of the State of 
Mississippi were kept during the Civil War, from 1861 to 1865, and when 
they were returned to the State Capitol and where said State records 
can be found now, I have to inform you that my best information is 
that during that period some of the records were kept at Demopolis 
and Pickens, Alabama, and Macon and Columbus, Mississippi. They 



State Offices. 123 

were returned while Hon. William L. Sharkey was acting Governor 
and Capt. James R. Yerger was acting Secretary of State under the 
then provisional government. Under a joint resolution by the Legis- 
lature of the_ State of Mississippi authorizing the Secretary of State 
to have certain records filed and deposited in the archives, passed and 
approved March 6th, 1875, as Secretary of State I proceeded to file and 
deposit in the archives all of the records pertaining to the Executive 
Department in a room in the top story of the Capitol building imme- 
diately over the office of the Secretary of State, designed for that pur- 
pose, and it is hoped that they can be found there now. 
"Very respectfully, 

"James Hiw,." 

It is hoped that all of the early records of Mississippi are 
preserved in the several boxes of unassorted papers that are 
now in the corridor of the old State House in Jackson. As 
these papers have never been assorted nor indexed in a proper 
way they cannot be consulted at this time. For a num- 
ber of years they were piled in a heap on the third floor of the 
Capitol and were generally regarded as rubbish. It cannot now 
be stated how many valuable documents were appropriated to 
private use during this period. If this collection contains all 
that it is supposed to contain, the State has been culpably negli- 
gent in failing to take proper precaution for its preservation. 
Other States would have gladly expended thousands of dollars 
on such valuable sources of their history. As it was felt that the 
great weight of the pile of so-called "rubbish" in a decaying 
building was a menace to the safety of some of the State offi- 
cials, these documents were dumped out of the upper story of 
the Capitol and hauled in open carts to the penitentiary build- 
ing. While this was being done a few valuable papers, among 
them the original warrant for the arrest of Aaron Burr, were 
picked up by individuals. While these papers were at the pen- 
itentiary and were supposed to be in boxes securely fastened, 
a gentleman, passing by an open box, extracted therefrom a 
commission to one of our territorial officials, bearing the sig- 
nature of Thomas Jefferson. These records remained in the 
penitentiary building until it was torn down to make way for 
the erection of the new State House. They were then taken 
back to the old Capitol and placed in its corridor, where they 
now remain. 

A partial list of these records was made by Lawrence W. 
Minor, when they were deposited in the Archives of the State 
under the operation of H. J. R. No. 30, approved Mr. 5, 1875. 



124 Mississippi Historical Society. 

This list was reported to James Hill, Secretary of State, in July, 
1875, and is now in the office of the Secretary of State. It con- 
tains the following items i 1 

Correspondence between James Madison, Sec. of State, and William 
C. C. Claiborne, Gov. of Miss. Ter., and also between Charles De Grand 
Pre, Governor of the Ter. of Orleans, and Don Herrara, commander 
of Spanish troops in territory west of the U. S., in regard to capture of 
two American citizens charged with trespassing on Spanish ter. 

Exec. Cor. i8oi-'8, inclusive. 

Cor. Sec. Cowles Meade, Act. Gov. 1806. 

Mil. Cor. Gen. David Holmes, Commander-in-Chief, 1812 and 1813. 

Bills of exchange from Gid Fitz, Esq., on Seth Pease, Esq., as 
boundary commissioner, dist. of La. and Orleans Ter. 

Ex. Cor. i8i2-'i6 inc.; 1825-1841 inc. except 1828 and 1838; also for 
1856, '57, '68, '69. 

Ex. Communications, 1816, '26, '27, '30, '31, '32, '33, '34, '37- 

Miscellaneous passports for slaves and others through Indian nations, 
by David Holmes, 1811 to 1817. 

Miscellaneous returns of cotton bales in 1849. 

Miscellaneous bids for distributing laws and acts of the Governor, 
through records of his private secretary, 1836. 

Records of officers, various dates, i848-'52. 

Amnesty oaths. 

Miscellaneous papers, i8ss-'57. 

Auditor's report, 1843. 

Correspondence of Stamps, Sec. of State, i846-'48; Woodward, 1841; 
Galloway, 1843; Hemingway, i845-'46; J. W. Echols, ch. clrk. Sec. L. St., 
1858; C. A. Brougher, 1863. 

Correspondence of Gov. Brandon, i829-'30. 

Correspondence of Gov. Brandon, sundry dates, 1835, '39, '54. 

Correspondence of Gov. Brandon, official and otherwise, i824-'27. 

Correspondence of the Adj. Gen. 1825, '26, '28, '29, '30, '31. 

Appointments and receipts of assessment made to Exc. Dept. i827-'30. 

Certificates, members called session legislature, 1864. 

Abstract, property returned, Confed. States, 1864. 

Notes on Rev. Stat, made to Charles Lynch, 1836, by Judge Pray. 

State indebtedness, i868-'69. 

Election returns, 1825, '26, '37, '44, '45, '48, '53, '57, '63, '55, '60, '61. 

Census of Natchez, 1830. 

Census of Winston and Tishomingo counties, 1844. 

Credentials, members of H. of R., 1846. 

Muster roll, First Miss. Mounted Rifles, 1861. 

Recommendation of auctioneers, 1837. 

Miscellaneous papers, 1855, '56, '57. 

Proclamations, rewards for prisoners, '33, '39, '42. 

Petitions for executive clemency, 1828, 1859. 

Treasurers' reports, '44, '45, '46, '64. 

Special election returns for Auditor, 1843. 

Special election returns for Sec. State, 1850. 

Justices' papers, mis. papers, etc. 

Order allowing cotton money under act passed Dec. 9, 1863. 

Election for district attorney, 3 jud. dis., 1848. 

Correspondence of Gov. H. S. Foote, 1852. 

Election returns, 181 1, '13, '14, '15, '20, '22, '29, '30, '31, '32, '33, '34. 

Election returns, Congressional, 1853. 

Election returns, militia, 1818, '19, '20, '24, '35. 

1 This list was kindly copied for the commission by Mr. J. R. Taylor, 
of Jackson, Miss. 



State Offices. 125 

Election returns for president, 1836. 

Election returns, special, for 1837. 

Resignations, 1840. 

Election returns, judges 7 dist., 1841, '46. 

Letters and registrations, 1838, '39. 

Communications, J. A. Grimball, Sec. State, 1828. 

Miscellaneous, A. V. Johnson claiming cotton, 1867. 

Special election returns, 1854. 

Election of members, convention, 1861. 

Miscellaneous correspondence, 1833, '34, '35, '57. 

Hilgard's Geological Report, 1859. 

Executions of 1835, '37. 

Correspondence of Dilworth, Sec. of State, 1859. 

Fourth police dist., poll list. 

Communications, J. A. Grimball, 1832. 

Miscellaneous correspondence, 1852. 

Census of county not marked. 

Election returns, militia officers, 1818, '19, '24, '25, '28, '29, '30, '39, 
? 3i, 32. . 

Election returns, Governor, 1841. 

Election returns, congressmen, 1826. 

Election returns, miscellaneous, '23, '24, '25, '39, '47, '32, '33, '34. 

Election returns, general, '29, '31, '37, '38, '43, '45, '48, '6o. 

Election returns, 1817, 1828. 

Election returns, '40, '58. 

Census returns, '41, '45. 

School Commissioners' report, 1848. 

Recommendations to the Governor, 1832. 

Militia resignations, '30-'33 inclusive. 

Miscellaneous papers, 1836, '37, Charles Lynch. 

Presidential election returns, i860. 

Land papers. 

Acts and treaties relative to public lands. 

Accts. dep. surveyors, '27, '28, '29. 

Land Matters, '6i-'67 inclusive. 

Miscellaneous land papers. 

Expenses running boundary line between Ala. and Miss. 

Accounts, vouchers and mem. relative to Choctaw boundary line. 

Skeleton map, railroads finished and unfin. in U. S., prepared by order 
of 30th cong. 

Correspondence of Gov. Holmes. 

Attorney General's opinion and letters to and from Gen. Coffee. 

Letters to and from Secretary of the Treasury, 1805, '06. 

Correspondence with Land Commissioner, i8o7-'09. 

Private claims and surveyors' accounts. 

Original mss., Hutchinson's Code, chaps. 1 to 33 and 34 to 65. 

Miscellaneous papers, resignations, etc. 

Adjutant General's papers, 1841. 

Census returns, 1830, '33, '37. 

Receipts for public arms and executive correspondence, 1814. 

Bonds, oaths and contracts from 1824 to 1825 inclusive. 

Postmaster recommendation, 1865. 

Headquarters Fourth Military Dist. papers relating to various mat- 
ters. 

Old letters and miscellaneous doc, 1851. 

Original constitution of Miss, adopted Aug. 15, 1817, at Washing- 
ton (Adams county). 

Mss. Acts, Miss. Ter., 1799. 

Communications between General Government and Governor. 

Petitions to the Governor — one petition referring to the place called 
Villa Gayosa, 1804. 



126 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Copies, letters to Henry Dearborn, Sec. of War, 1804. 

Copies, letters to Albert Gallatin, Sec. of the Treas. 

Copies, letters to James Madison, Sec. of State. 

Correspondence between Gov. W. C. C. Claiborne and Salido, Spanish 
Commandant in La. concerning robberies committed by the family of 
"Old Masson." 

Letters to and from Gov. Claiborne, Cato West, Silas Dismore, Sam 
Mitchell and other individual. 

Election returns in part, 1865, 1868. 

Literary fund papers. 

Sundry papers in the name of Woodward. 

Certificates, letters, petitions, i8io-'33 inclusive. 

Census returns, 1833. 

Communications, 1816. 

Papers relating to the boundary line between Tenn. and Miss. 

Journals of the conventions with the Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians. 

Executive Correspondence, 1836, '37. 

Engrossed bills, legislature and other papers, 1815. 

Special Orders, Maj. Gen. Ames, Fourt Mil. Dist., 1869. 

Petitions praying for the removal of disabilities for Civil War. 

Pardons filed: B. G. Humphries^ Gov. and Maj. Gen. Ames Com- 
manding Military Dist. and Provisional Gov. 

Rough minutes cir. ct. Sept. term, 1827. 

Promiscuous papers. 

Engrossed bills without date. 

Acts, legislature of Miss. Ter., 1800, i8o2-'ii, and 1816. 

Bills acted on, i8o6-'ii inclusive. 

Journal, H. of R., 1804. 

Engrossed bills, 1812, '15, '16. 

Communications, resolutions, notices, messages and proposed amend- 
ments, 1816. 

Acts, Legislature, i8i9-'29 inclusive. 

Papers first ses. Gen. Assembly, 1815. 

Messages, Gov. to H. of R., 1826. 

Senate papers, 1825. 

Resolutions. 1820, '29, '36, '37; others without date. 

Original bills, reports and resolutions, Senate, 1823. 

Reports of Corns, for 1828 and several sue. years. 

Reports of John Mabery and Daniel Knight's conduct, 1831. 

Govs, message and documents, 1831. 

Acts legislature, 1830, etc. 

Proclamation of the Governor declaring that certain banks of the 
State had forfeited powers and privileges submitted with message, 
Jan., 1841. 

Amendments adopted and lost in convention of 1832. 

Testimony respecting alleged frauds committed at Treaty of Dancing 
Rabbit Creek, taken by order of House of Rep., 1830. 

Pardons from Andrew Johnson awaiting claimants. 

Bills, Journals, etc., i830-'s8. 

Special message and correspondence, Col. Jefferson Davis. 

Papers relating to Planter's Bank, 1836. 

Tarpley's report of how he expended $2000. 

Reconstruction legislation, 1868, '69. 

Mss. Constitution, 1832. 

Acceptance of railroads to issue small notes to circulate as money. 

Journal, Union Bank Com. in regular session. 

Reports of Commissioners, C. E. Hooker to S. C, Jacob Thompson 
to N. C, Wirt Adams to La., G. R. Fall to Ark., A. H. Handy to Md., 
W. Scott Featherston to Ky., in regard to a convention of the slave 
states in 1861. 



Governor. 127 

Papers Secretary of State, 1869. 

House Journals, i860. 

Senate business, called session, 1864. 

Bills and papers, ses., 1863. 

Representatives Joint select com. on G. & S. I. R. R. 

Legislative papers, i860, '63, '65, '67. 

Papers pertaining to constitutional convention, 1865. 

Executive communications, 1829. 

Militia muster rolls, 1861. 

Ordinances, convention, 1861. 

Civil officers, various counties, 1818. 

Journal of the legislative council, Miss. Ter., 1804. 

Journal, H. R. Miss. Ter., 1802. _ 

Census returns, 1866, from certain counties. 

Legislative papers beginning 1802, etc. 

Executive correspondence, i832-'5 inclusive. 

Governor. 

The early records of the Governor's office are incomplete. 
They are on file in the office of the Secretary of State. (See infra). 

The records now in the Governor's office date from 1870, and 
consist of: 

Pardons. 

Proclamations. 

Classification of Municipalities. 

Records of Charters. 

Railroad Organizations. 

Requisitions on other States. 

Requisitions from other States. 

Letters and papers relating to location and establishment of Agri- 
cultural & Mechanical College and Alcorn Agricultural and Mechanical 
College. 

Reports of Levee Boards. 

Land Grants of the United States to I. I. & C, A. & M., and A. A. 
& M. Colleges. 

Refunding of the Direct Tax by the U. S. government. 

Official correspondence. 

Secretary oe State. 1 

The records now on the shelves of the office of Secretary of 
State are as follows : 

Register Militia Commissions, 1840, 1844, i844-'7, 1853, 1858, i860, 1861. 

Civil commissions, 1865 to the present time. 

Executive correspondence, 1838-1844. Govs. McNutt, Tucker, and 
Brown. 

Record of Official Bonds, 1878 to the present time. 

Records of the inaugural and other addresses, and official papers of 
Govs. J. L. Alcorn and R. C. Powers, i87o-'74. 

Inaugural addresses, messages, pardons, etc., of Govs. Ames, Davis 
and Stone, 1874-1881. 

1 The report on the records in the office of the Secretary of State was 
kindly prepared for the Commission by Mr. J. R. Taylor, of Jackson, 
Miss. 



128 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Records of Corporations, 1S57-5S, and from 1882 to the present date. 
Records of Municipalities, 1900 to the present time. 
Records of foreign Corporations, 1900 to the present time. 
Miscellaneous records kept in accordance with chap. 18, Acts, 1886, 
in regard to securing railroads in disposing of property, etc. 
Journal Constitutional Convention, 1868. 
Election returns, 1871-1900. 
State census, 1880. 

Copy of the Constitution of 1890 and ordinances. 
Original bills, accounts, vouchers, etc. 
Correspondence of Winthrop Sargent (1 folio volume). 

Auditor. 

Owing to the crowded condition of the office many of the 
older records had to be removed to other quarters to make room 
for those of more recent date and in more general use. Some of 
these are rapidly going to ruin, in fact many of them are already 
damaged past repair. Some of these are stored in the old li- 
brary, some in a room adjoining thereto, misnamed auditor's 
archives; while others are piled pell-mell in the corridors, etc., 
and in such shape that they cannot be listed without great labor. 

From 1 81 7 to 1832 auditors were elected annually on joint 
ballot of the legislature. Commencing with the constitution 
of 1832 the auditor and all state officers were elected bienni- 
ally by the people and under the constitution of 1868 State of- 
ficers w T ere elected for four years by the people, which tenure 
is continued by the present constitution. 

The following is as complete a list of the records as can be 
given at this time : 

Receipt Warrant Register, Confederate Pension Records, 

General Ledger, Assessment Rolls, Real and Per- 

General Journal, sonal, from 1879 to 1901 (from 

Individual Ledger, 1852 to 1879 these are stored in 

Individual Journal, the old library and corridors), 

Records of State Bonds Issued and State Land and Levee Records 

Paid for Certain Years, from 1848 to 1900, 

Records of Disbursements of Com- Bank statements from 1892 to 1901, 

mon and Chickasaw School Privilege License Records, 

Funds, Records of Non Resident Tax Pay- 

Files and Files and Statements of ers, 

Insurance Companies and Agen- Sundry Vouchers, 

cies, Files of Papers in re Confederate 

Receipt and Pay Warrant Regis- Soldiers Pensions, 

ters, Monthly and Annual Settlements of 

Disbursement Ledger, Tax Collectors, 

Records of Deeds up to 1892, Record of County Tax Levies. 

Records of Land Redemptions from 

1848 to 1901. 



Land Office. 129 



Land Office;. 

The following extract from a letter from the Land Commis- 
sioner conveys all the information that could be obtained with 
reference to the records in his custody: 

"This office was not created until 1892, — when the Legislature con- 
solidated or caused to be gathered into one office the various State 
land records, which had prior to that time been kept by the Secretary 
of State, Auditor, Treasurer's office and the Swamp Land Office (1871- 
1890). These records contain a vast number of books. They have 
never been listed or indexed. The Legislature makes no appropria- 
tion for clerical assistance to the Land Commissioner and his time 
is fully occupied by the current work to the exclusion of a vast amount 
of statistical work that is of great interest and benefit to the land own- 
ers of Mississippi and to which they are entitled, but the Legislature 
has not been of this opinion in the past. No man could do the work 
without compensation, as it would require time and careful work. I 
am sorry, but there is nothing that I can do to aid you in the work. 
Would be glad, if I could." 

Railroad Commission. 

The Railroad Commission of Mississippi, consisting of a 
President and two associates, was organized under an act ap- 
proved March nth, 1884 — See Act Sect. 4, Chapter 23, Pags 
31-32 — as follows: 

"Be it further enacted, That a commission is hereby created to con- 
sist of three Commissioners, whose qualifications shall be the same 
as the general qualifications required by law for other state officers — 
To be known as the Railroad Commission of the State of Mississippi, 
whose term of office shall be two years and until their successors are 
appointed and qualified, and said Commissioners shall each take the 
oath prescribed by law for other State officers, and give bond in the 
sum of ten thousand dollars, payable to the State of Mississippi — with 
two or more good securities to be approved by the Governor for the 
further performance of their duties as such Commissioners and said 
bond shall be filed in the office of the Sect, of State and thereupon 
the Govenor shall issue commissions accordingly." 

The first three Commissioners appointed under the Act were : 

Jno. M. Stone, 

W. B. Agustus, 

Wm. McWillie, 

C. C. Campbell, Sec. 

This Commission was enjoined in the operation of their of- 
fice in the case of the Y. & M. V. R. R. vs. J. M. Stone and 
others in 1885, and the case was carried to the State Supreme 
Court, (See Miss. Reports, Page 607), and by the Court declared 



130 Mississippi Historical Society. 

constitutional, and then carried to the Supreme Court of the 
U. S. and approved. See 116, U. S. Reports, page 347. 

The following constituted the Commission in the years given : 

1886. 

Wm. McWillie, 

J. F. Sessions, 

J. C. Kyle, Chairman, 

F. S. Scruggs, Clerk. 

1888 

Walter McLaurin, 

J. F. Sessions, 

J. C. Kyle, Chairman, 

F. S. Scruggs, Clerk. 

1890 

Walter McLaurin, 

J. F. Sessions, 

J. K. Askew, 

F. S. Scruggs, Clerk. 

In 1891 the law was amended and the election by the people 
resulted in the choice of the following: 

Walter McLaurin, 

J. F. Sessions, 

J. B. Askew. 

F. S. Scruggs as Clerk resigned and Sidney McLaurin was 
appointed Clerk. In 1895 the following were elected: 

Jno. D. Mclnnis, 

M. M. Evans, 

J. J. Evans, 

T. C. Kimbrough, Clerk. 

J. J. Evans, President of the Commission died, Nov. iqth, 
1899, an d the Governor appointed Hon. J. C. Kincannon to fill 
the vacancy. 

T. C. Kimbrough resigned as Clerk to take effect Sept. 1st, 
1898, and Jno. A. Webb was appointed to fill the vacancy. 

1899. 

Jno. D. Mclnnis, 

A. Q. May, 

J. C. Kincannon, 

Jno A. Webb, Sec. 



State Revenue Agent. 131 

The salary of the Commissioners was fixed at $2,500 each 
and Clerk at $900 per annum. This salary continued until 1892, 
when it was fixed at $2,000 each and Clerk at $900 per annum. 

The Commission keeps a regular docket of all cases and file 
of all papers pertaining to said cases. A minute book of the 
proceedings is kept and is on file in the office. 

The Commssion makes biennial reports to the Governor, 
copies of which are on file from its organization. The law re- 
quires that all Railroads shall make quarterly and annual re- 
ports to the Commission. Copies of these reports are on file 
in the office of the Railroad Commission. 

State: Revenue Agents. 

The office of State Revenue Agent was first created in 1876, 
and Capt. John H. Echols, of Jackson, was appointed by the 
Governor to fill this position. Gen. Wirt Adams was appoint- 
ed by Gov. Stone in 1880 and reappointed by Gov. Lowry in 
1884. In the fall of 1886, Gen. Adams resigned the office, to 
accept the office of Postmaster at Jackson, and his son, Wirt 
Adams, was appointed his successor by Gov. Lowry. In the 
spring of 1888, by a decision of the Supreme Court, it was held 
that under the acts of 1884, the law had expired by limitation, 
and that there was no agent, either de facto or de jure. In 1900 
the office was re-established, and the Hon. Wirt Adams was 
appointed by Gov. Stone. In 1892 the office was adopted as a 
part of the law, embodied in the Code 1892 (Chapter 126) and 
was made elective by the people, as the other State officers. 
The office at the time being appointive, and it being necessary 
for the Governor to make the appointment and submit the 
same to the Senate for confirmation or rejection, Mr. Adams 
was again appointed by Gov. Stone to fill this position until a 
general election in 1895. Mr. Adams was elected at that time. 
In 1899 he was again elected for a term of four years, begin- 
ning January, 1900. 

The collections of the office, up to and including the years 
1896-1897, were $183,000.00. During the years 1898-1899, 
the collections of the office amounted to $110,000.00, and for 
1900-1901, over $1,000,000.00. This includes the collections 
that have been made on account of the railroad suits, but does 
not include anything not actually in hand. 



132 Mississippi Historical Society. 

With reference to the records of this office, Mr. Adams 

writes as follows : 

"The records of this office consist entirely of settlements made with 
various officials, as well as individuals. As the data for all these set- 
tlements are taken from the records of the Auditor's Office, where 
these particular records are kept, they do not, therefore, constitute 
any records of this office. In fact, I have only a copy of those rec- 
ords as needed. Nearly everything in this office is in this way carried 
on. I keep, of course, all the figures made, in a scratch book, and of 
the accounts collected, I keep a blotter, and transfer to the ledger. 
These, therefore, are the only records of the office. I am required 
by law to report through the Auditor to the Legislature, and the ac- 
counts of the office are examined carefully by the committee appointed 
for the purpose." 

State: Penitentiary. 

In 1836 a State Penitentiary was established in response to 
a demand for more humane modes of punishing criminals. 
Jackson was chosen for its location. The first penitentiary 
building was burned by Federal troops, May 13, 1863. It was 
rebuilt after the war. The Constitution of 1890 placed certain 
restrictions upon the leasing of convicts and provided for the 
purchase of State farms. After the adoption of this policy the 
number of convicts kept within the old penitentiary was greatly 
reduced. In 1900 the Legislature decided to erect a new State 
House on the site of the penitentiary, which has since been 
torn down for this purpose. 

The Secretary of the Board of Control of the State Convicts 
writes as follows with reference to the records of the peniten- 
tiary : 

"When it became necessary to break up the Office of the old Peni- 
tentiary buildings, to make room for the erection of the new Capitol 
building, the books and records, all except those absolutely necessary 
for the present use, were packed up indiscriminately and sent to Oak- 
ley, Miss., where they could be stored until the completion of our new 
quarters." 

Attorney-General,. 

The office of Attorney-General was created in 1802. Its 
early records are very meager. Some of the opinions and offi- 
cial letters of the Attorneys-General and dockets of criminal 
and civil suits prosecuted and defended by them are kept on file 
in this office, though the Commission has been unable to ascer- 
tain the exact chronological limits of the records. There is also 
a broken number of the opinions of the Attorneys-General of 
the United States. 



State Board of Health. 133 

Not until since 1892 have the reports of the Attorney-Gen- 
eral been published. For many years their opinions were kept 
in letter books, but the law new requires that they shall be 
recorded. There are no records of any opinions prior to 1900, 
though the present incumbent is keeping a record in which 
every written opinion that goes out from the office is given 
and indexed. There are twenty large letter file boxes of of- 
ficial correspondence and official matters in the office. A set 
of Mississippi Supreme Court reports, a copy of all the sta- 
tute laws, and a copy of a few standard criminal works consti- 
tute the law library of the office. Very little attention has been 
given to the archives of the office heretofore. 

State: Board of Heai/th. 

The Board of Health of the State of Mississippi was created 
by an Act approved February 1, 1877. The Board was organ- 
ized on April 7, 1877, i n the office of the Secretary of State. 
Present for State at large, Doctors F. W. Dancey and M. W. 
Compton. First Congressional district, Doctors G. M. T. Tay- 
lor, A. G. Smythe. Second district, Doctor John Wright. 
Third district, Doctors F. M. Hewes and S. V. D. Hill. Fourth 
district, Doctor P. J. McCormick. Fifth district, Doctors Rob- 
ert Kells and C. A. Rice. Sixth district, Doctor P. F. White- 
head. 

Dr. Robert Kells was elected President, and Dr. Wirt John- 
son, Secretary. 

The records and files of the office appear to be approximately 
complete from the date when first adopted. Statistical reports 
have never been kept by the Board, as there was no law author- 
izing or requiring it. In this, one of the most important mat- 
ters of the State Board of Health has been overlooked. Publi- 
cations regarding health law and general sanitary conditions 
have been made from time to time by the Board. 

An Act to regulate the practice of medicine in the State of 
Mississippi was approved February 28, 1882, and the Board of 
Health of the State of Mississippi was made a Board of Cen- 
sors to carry out the purpose of this act. There were two cen- 
sors from each congressional district who met twice each year 
at different points in the State to hold the examination. The 
Annotated Code of 1892 changed the law so as to require the 
entire State Board of Health to meet on the first Tuesdays in the 



134 Mississippi Historical Society. 

months of April and October in each year for the purpose of 
examining applicants for license to practice medicine. 

Chapter 79, Section 1 of the Acts of 1898 amended Section 
3246, Annotated Code, so as to read as follows : "The State 
Board of Health shall meet at the Capitol twice in each year 
at such time as may be designated by the Board for the pur- 
pose of examining applicants for license to practice medicine." 

Section 1, Chap. 38, .of the Acts of 1894, created an execu- 
tive committee of the State Board of Health to consist of three 
members to be appointed by the Board, clothed with all powers 
of the Board during the interims of the meetings. 

In 1898 Section 2 amends this act so that the presence of any 
two members of the executive committee of the State Board of 
Health shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. 

Members and officers of the present Board of Health are as 
follows : 

President, H. A. Gant, M. D., Jackson. 

Secretary, J. F. Hunter, M. D., Jackson. 

From the State at Large. 

J. F. Hunter, M. D., Jackson. 

H. H. Haralson, M. D., Vicksburg. 

H. A. Gant, M. D., Jackson. 

S. R. Dunn, M. D., Greenville. 

Wm. M. Paine, M. D., Aberdeen. 

First District— W. S. Greene, M. D., Aberdeen. 

Second District— P. W. Rowland, M. D., Oxford. 

Third District— J. N. D. Shinkle, M. D., Friars Point. 

Fourth District— C. D. Mitchell, M. D., Pontotoc. 

Fifth District— H. S. Gully, M. D., Meridian. 

Sixth District— B. D. Watkins, M. D., Natchez. 

Seventh District— E. P. Jones, M. D., Hermanville. 

Executive Committee. 

J. F. Hunter, M. D., Chairman. 
W. S. Greene, M. D. 
H. S. Gully, M. D. 

The terms of the members of this Board expire with that of 
the Govenor in January, 1903. 

The following records are kept, details of which can be fur- 



Adjutant General. 135 

nished by the Secretary and Executive Officer, Dr. J. F. Hunter, 
Jackson, Miss.: 

Register of applications for license to practice medicine 
through Boards of Censors from 1882 to 1892. 

Register of applicants for license to practice medicine through 
the State Board of Health from 1892 to 1901, inclusive. 

Minute book of the entire transactions of the Board since its 
organization, April 7, 1877, U P to I 9 OI ? inclusive. 

Also the meetings and acts of the executive committee of the 
Board containing proclamations and all other quarantine busi- 
ness. 

Examination papers of physicians for large number of years. 

Letters received since April 21, 1896, filed in cases. 

Letters written, copies preserved in press books. 

Adjutant General. 

A detailed account of the records in the office of the Adjutant 
General could not be obtained by the Commission. The fol- 
lowing extract from a letter from the Hon. Wm. Henry sug- 
gests the nature and scope of the records that are in his custody : 

"I cannot furnish you with anything, except a part of the roster of 
Mississippi soldiers in the Mexican war, nor can I guarantee that that 
is correct, and the roster of the soldiers of the 1st and 2nd Mississippi 
Volunteer Infantry in the Spanish-American war. The preparation of 
the record of the Mexican war in my possession will cause me a great 
deal of labor and time, which I can ill afford to spare at this time. 

"The record of the Spanish-American war can be furnished you at 
any time you desire it, as it is already in printed form. No record of 
the services of the Mississippi soldiers in the war of 1861 to 1865 was 
turned over to me by my predecessor in office, and I understand that 
there is no such record about the State House." 



SECTION 2. COUNTY OFFICES. 
By Jamss M. White: and Frankun L. Rmy. 

It was deemed advisable by the Commission to confine this 
part of the Report to the Territorial records of the fourteen 
counties which were created before the admission of the State 
into the Union. Among the many reasons why such a course 
was pursued are the following: (i) The publication of an ex- 
haustive account of the records of all the counties would in- 
crease expenses beyond the legislative appropriation for that 
purpose ; (2) these records deserve a more careful examination 
than could be given them during the limited time at the dis- 
posal of the Commission. The data pertaining to this class of 
records during the period of Statehood, which has been col- 
lected by the Commission will be reserved with a hope that the 
Legislature will make provision for the completion of the work 
and the publication of the results thereof. 

The county records prior to 1817 are as follows: 

Adams county was organized in 1799, being the first to form 
a county government. Its early records are at Natchez, the 
county seat. They are deposited in a fire proof room and un- 
der the custody of the Chancery Clerk. So far as the Commis- 
sion has been able to ascertain they are complete from 1799 to 
1817. Among them are a large number of Spanish records, 
securely bound and admirably well preserved. The probate 
records of the Territorial period are especially interesting. No 
detailed statement of this valuable collection can be given at 
this time. 

Amite county was organized in 1809. Its early records are 
in the custody of the Chancery Clerk at Liberty, the county 
seat. Owing to the physical infirmity of this official he was un- 
able to furnish the Commission with the desired data concern- 
ing these valuable records. 

Claiborne county was organized in 1802. Mr. A. C. Whar- 
ton, of Union Church, Miss., gives the following statement con- 
cerning the early records of this county: 

"They are all in the English language, though nearly all the earlier 
land grants were obtained from the existing Spanish government, but 



County Offices. 137 

the original papers seem not to have been recorded, except in trans- 
lations. The earliest volume of Land Records, 'Book A,' was begun 
in 1802, and the series is unbroken down to the present time. There 
are two will-books among the records, dating from near the beginning 
of the last century." 

Franklin county was organized in 1809. All the early rec- 
ords of this county were destroyed by fire in 1876. 

Greene county was organized in 181 1. The courthouse with 
all the early county records was destroyed by fire in 1874. 

Hancock county was organized in 1812. The courthouse 
with all the early county records was destroyed by fire April 
1, 1853. 

Jackson county was organized in 1812. The courthouse with 
all the early county records was destroyed by fire in 1878. 

Jefferson county was organized in 1802. Its early records 
are in the custody of the Chancery Clerk at Lafayette, the 
county seat. They constitute a mine of valuable information, 
as is shown by the following account which was kindly prepared 
by Mr. Steve D. McNair, Chancery Clerk : 

"Hunston, afterward changed to Greenville, was the county site of 
Pickering (now Jefferson) county, until the year 1825, and the old rec- 
ords of this county were kept in Adams county until 1802, then removed 
to Greenville, and in 1826 were removed to the present county site, Fay- 
ette. The first courthouse built in Jefferson county, at Fayette, was 
torn down and a new courthouse erected in 1881, which was destroyed 
by fire 19th March, 1901, but fortunately none of the record books were 
destroyed by the fire. 

"The oldest record book in the office of the Chancery Clerk is Book 
'W commencing on the 31st July, 1799. Among the first deeds record- 
ed is one from Parker Carradine to John J. Carradine, of date 9th May, 
1798, another is from William Carney to Arthur Carney, dated 1795. 
There is also a bill of sale dated Sept. 23, 1790. Another document from 
the Spanish government to John Rankin Wilie, dated in Louisiana, 1792. 
This deed is recorded in the Spanish language and bears the signature 
of Don Carlos Trudo, Agrimens Realy particular de la Provincia de 
la Louisiana, &c. This record book contains many deeds written and 
recorded in the Spanish, French and English languages, and contains 
deeds up to 1818. Book 'A' (2), another old book, contains deeds, cer- 
tificates of marriage, marks and brands, plats of land sold by the Span- 
ish and British governments from 1794 to 1804. One deed of record 
in Deed Book 'A,' dated 1775, begins: 'George the Third, by the 
grace of God,' etc. The next record dates from 1804 to 1813, and con- 
tains conveyances of land recorded in Jefferson county. 

"All these old books were imported from London. The surface of 
the paper is rough, but the use of the 'quill' made a beautiful record. 
The ink, plats, penmanship in these old books are as clear and distinct 
as if done but yesterday. An examination of these old books is very 
interesting, bringing to memory the names of many who figured in old- 
en days in Mississippi history. 

"The next book, a large, well preserved book, and brings the deed 
of records up to the year 1826, this book is 27 inches long, and 21 inches 



138 Mississippi Historical Society. 

wide, and contains plats of the town of Fayette and Rodney, and also 
the original deed of conveyance of date May 21st, 1825, from Henry 
Platner to George Robinson, Joseph Parmerlee, Thomas Shelby, Abner 
Marble and David Willis, Commissioners under an act of the General 
Assembly of the State of Mississippi, laid off as the town of Fayette. 

"The oldest wills recorded in Jefferson county are in 'Will Book A,' 
and are from 1800 to 1830. 

"The county of Jefferson has no courthouse at present, but one under 
way of construction, and when completed we shall have one of the best 
fire proof record rooms in the State. At present the records are kept 
on the lower floor of the jail, a brick building, and are guarded at night 
by a special watchman." 

Lawrence county was organized in 1814. Its records, which 
are in the custody of the Chancery Clerk at Monticello, contain 
nothing prior to 1819. 

Marion county was organized in 181 1. The Commission 
failed to get a response to its requests for information on the 
early records of this county. 

Pike county was organized in 1816. The Chancery Clerk 
writes as follows: 

"I cannot give you the desired information, for the reason that on 
the 1st day of July, A. D. 1882, the courthouse of this county was com- 
pletely destroyed by fire and all records up to that date were lost. To 
the best of my recollection, we had at that time a few books that were 
used by some. J. P. in the year 1812, and a Marriage Record and Court 
Minutes of a few years later. One matter I distinctly remember is 
that the first suit brought on a note in this county (according to the 
Papers in the case), * * * was dated Oct. 18th, 1089, * * * Of course, 
the note was intended to have been dated 1809, though the date on it 
showed plainly 1089, without any sign of erasure or alteration." 

Warren county was organized in 1809. The Chancery Clerk 
of this county writes that ''during the war and afterwards, dur- 
ing the reconstruction period, some of our records were de- 
stroyed." Only one volume relating to the Territorial period 
could be found in the office of the Chancery Clerk at Vicksburg. 
This is a Deed Book which extends from July 2, 181 1, to March 
25, 1826. It contains 170 pages of deeds prior to 1818. In the 
office of the Circuit Clerk was found a volume of Marriage 
Licenses, extending from March 4, 1810, to Sept. 10, 1817. In 
this office was also found a Minute Book of the Superior Court, 
which begins with the September term, 1818, and ends in 1821. 

Wayne county was organized in 1809. The Chancery and 
Circuit Clerk gives the following information concerning its 
records : 

"This county had some Territorial records and Minutes of courts 
and some old Spanish books showing grants, &c, but they were lost 



County Offices. 139 

by fire in 1879. Winchester was the county site of this county till 1867. 
I have been clerk of this county since 1863, except about four years 
of the reconstruction period. I did not know how to prize these old 
records in those days. Col. J. J. Shannon, then a lawyer and quite a 
talented man, would look through those old books often. He is dead 
now." 

Wilkinson county was organized in 1802. The Commission 
failed to get a response to its request for information concern- 
ing the records of this county. 

Newspapers in the Offices of Chancery Clerks. 

1. Amite County. — Southern Herald. (No 'dates given.) 

2. Carroll County. — The Democrat, The Conservative, The Car- 

roll News. (No dates given.) 

3. Claiborne County. — Port Gibson Correspondent, 1 842-1851. 

Port Gibson Herald, 1865-1901. 
? 1832-1833. 

4. Hinds County. — Raymond Gazette (file perhaps complete), 

1865-1901. 

5. Jefferson County. — Fayette Chronicle, 1880- 1898. 

6. Marshall County. — The Holly Springs South, 1882-1901. 19 

vols., bound. 

7. Pike County. — Summit Sentinel, 1 880-1 891. 

Magnolia Gazette, 1 880- 1 89 1 . 
McComb City Enterprise, 1 890-1 891. 



SECTION 3. MUNICIPAL OFFICES. 
By James M. White and Franklin L. Riley. 1 

On October 19, 1901, letters of inquiry were sent to the 
mayors of all towns and cities in Mississippi that have a popu- 
lation of more than 1,500, with the exception of the city of 
Jackson, the records of which had been worked by members 
of the Commission in person. The following report is based 
upon the replies of the officials, who have been heard from. It 
is to be regretted that some of our most historic cities made 
no report. 

Bay St. Louis. 2 

Among the records now in the possession of the city of Bay 
St. Louis, are the following : 

Record of Proceedings of the Board of Mayor and Aldermen 
of the city of Bay St. Louis. 

No. 1, from January, 1858, to 1877. 

No. 2, from November 19, 1877, to July 9th, 1895. 

No. 3, from August 3, 1895, to Oct. 5, 1901. 
Auditor's Book from Oct., 1888, to Oct. 5, 1901. 
License Book from Nov., 1887, to Oct. 5, 1891. 
Tax Collector's Cash Book from May 14, 1883, to 1899. 
Tax Collector's Cash Book from Oct. 1, 1900, to 1901. 
Treasurer's Cash Book from April, 1884, to May 5, 1892. 
Record City Tax Lands from March 5, 1888, to March 4, 1901. 
Road Receipt Book from July 25, 1894, to July 10, 1901. 
Road Receipt Book from July 15, 1898, to date. 
Warrant Book Stubs from May, 1882, to 1901. 
Privilege License Record — 

No. 1, from June 1, 1891, to 1896. 

No. 2, from May 1, 1896, to July, 1900. 

No. 3, from Aug. 1, 1900, to Oct. 1, 1901. 
Auditor's Receipt Book, from May 21 to Oct. 5, 1901. 
Mayor's Court Docket from April, 1882, to May 26, 1900. 
Mayor's Court Docket from June 1, 1890, to Feb. 28, 1891. 

1 This subject was assigned to Gerard Brandon, Esq., who was a 
member of the Commission until his resignation in October, 1901. The 
work was then undertaken by two of the remaining members of the 
Commission, but at a date which was too late to complete it satisfac- 
torily. — Editor. 

2 This report was made by Mr. Richard Mendes, Secretary of the 
City Council. 



Biloxi. 141 

Mayor's Court Docket from April 9, 1900, Sept. 12, 1901. 
Burial Book from May 1, 1895, to August 30/ Deaths— Whites, 

262; Blacks, 194. 
Registration and Poll Books, and Assessment Books. 

Biivoxi. 3 

Clerk's Office- 
Municipal Minute Books, Nos. o, 1, 2 and 3, from April, 1892, 
to Oct. 28. 

Municipal Ordinance Books, Nos. 1, 2 and 3, from April 2, 
1888, to Oct. 28, 1901. 

Auditor's Account Book, No. 1, from Jan., 1893, to Oct. 28, 
1 901. 

Auditor's Bill Docket, No. 1, from Feb. 3, 1896, to Oct. 28, 
1901. 

Auditor's Warrant Book, from Feb., 1896, to Oct., 1901. 

Auditor's Receipt Warrant Book, from Jan., 1896, to Oct., 
1901. 

Registration Book, No. 1. 

Ward Books, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4. 
Records of City Treasurer — 

One Stub Book, 1896 to 1901. 

Treasurer's Ledger, 1893 to 1901. 
Records of Tax Collector's Office — 

Land and Personal Roll, 1896. 

Personal Roll, 1897. 

Personal Roll, 1898. 

Personal Roll, 1899. 

Land and Personal Roll, 1900. 

Personal Roll, 1901. 

Privilege License Stubs, 1896. 

Privilege License Book, May, 1897, to present time. 
Records Police Justice — 

Criminal Dockets, Nos. 1 and 2, from 1895 to 1901. 

Ex-Officio J. P. Dockets, Nos. 1 and 2, from 1895 to 1901. 

Gr£Enviu,3. 4 

The town of Greenville was incorporated some time in 1872. 
The first charter was amended in 1886. Several other amend- 
ments have been made since that time, the latest being in 1900. 
The place is not under the municipal chapter of the Code of 
1892. The records of the proceedings of the City Council are 
complete since 1886, except one book, that having been burned. 

3 This report was made by Mr. O. G. Swetman, City Clerk. 
4 This report was prepared by Mr. J. M. Lee, City Clerk. 



*4 2 Mississippi Historical Society. 

The Treasurer's books on file are: Privilege License stubs and 
stubs of all warrants drawn are on file in the City Clerk's office. 
Other municipal records are the following: Death List rec- 
ords, Water Works books, Tax Collector's stubs, and Mayor's 
Docket. Records of all applications for water taps, with all 
reports of the city officials. The sewerage records are nearly 
complete. 

HoivLY Springs. 5 
Mayor's Office — 

Records of the proceedings of the Board of Mayor and Al- 
dermen from Oct. 6, 1847, to the present time. 
Ordinance book from Dec, 1894, to the present time. 
Mayor's Criminal Docket, from July 30, 1881, to the present 

time. 
Maps of City and Cemetery. 

The city voluntarily went under the municipal chapter Dec, 
1894. 
Treasurer's Office — 

Stub books for many years back, but the information could 
not be obtained at the time this report was prepared. 

Jackson. 6 

The city of Jackson was founded by an act of the Legislature, 
passed in 1821, for the purpose of locating a permanent seat 
of government for the State. Its fundamental laws consist of 
the municipal charters and amendments, which were granted 
by the Legislature at the following dates : Amendments of 
1840, 1848, 1852, 1856, i860, 1861, 1865, 1871, 1874, 1890. 

About the year 1892 the city voluntarily passed under the 
Municipal Chapter of the code of 1892. Two years later an 
effort was made to nullify this action. The issue was made over a 
case involving the rights of a certain dealer in second-hand cloth- 
ing under a municipal ordinance which was in conflict with the 
Municipal Chapter. The Supreme Court of the State, in an 
opinion delivered by Judge Cooper, decided adversely to the 
municipal authorities, establishing the principle that a city 
which had surrendered its charter and passed under the Mu- 
nicipal Chapter could not rescind the action and restore a sur- 
rendered charter. 

Most of the records of the municipality previous to 1863 were 

B This report was made by Mr. C. A. McClain, City Clerk. 

6 This report was prepared by James M. White and Franklin L. Riley. 



Jackson. 143 

destroyed by the Federal forces under Gen. W. T. Sherman, as 
is shown by the following proclamation of the Mayor, C. H. 
Manship, dated Aug. 7, 1863: 

"The books of the city were destroyed or carried away, viz: Minute 
Book, Assessment Books, etc., etc. Fortunately the Warrant Book 
was saved and is now in the hands of the Treasurer, but all the rest 
together with the map of the city and the plot of the graveyard were, 
I fear, lost." 

This book also contains a copy of Gen. Sherman's letter 
promising protection to property, etc., etc. 

The following records are now in the possession of the city 
officials : 

Clerk's Office- 
Records of proceedings of the Board of Mayor and Alder- 
men (Aug., 1863, to July, 1868). 
Book A, Records of Proceedings of the Board of Mayor and 

Aldermen (Aug., 1868, to Jan., 1872). 
Book B, Records of Proceedings of the Board of Mayor and 

Aldermen (Jan., 1872, to Dec, 1877). 
Book C, Records of the Proceedings of the Board of Mayor 

and Aldermen (Jan., 1878,/ to Aug., 1883). 
Book D, Records of Proceedings of the Board of Mayor and 

Alderman (Sept., 1883, to June, 1888). 
Book E, Records of Proceedings of the Board of Mayor and 

Aldermen (July, 1888, to March, 1893). 
Book F, Records of Proceedings of the Board of Mayor and 

Aldermen (April, 1893, to Oct., 1895). 
Book G, Records of Proceedings of the Board of Mayor and 

Aldermen (Nov., 1895, to Aug., 1898). 
Book H, Records of Proceedings of the Board of Mayor and 

Aldermen (Aug., 1898, to Jan., 1901). 
Book I, Records of Proceedings of the Board of Mayor and 

Aldermen (Jan., 1901, to the present time). 

1. Treasurer's Stub Book from Oct., 1899, to Oct., 1900. 

2. Treasurer's Stub Book from Oct., 1900, to July, 1901. 

1. Privilege License Book from 1877 to July, 1901. 

2. Privilege License Book from July, 1901, to the present 
time. 

1. Treasurer's Book from 1888 to 1892. 

2. Treasurer's Book from 1893 to 1897. 

3. Disbursement Receipts, etc. 

1. Charters and Revised Ordinances by Oliver Clifton (1874), 
containing charter of 1840 and list of city officers since 

l8 54- 

2. Charters and revised Ordinances, by J. B. Harris (1890). 
Tax Receipt Books complete from to the present time. 



144 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Burial Book (White) from 1872 to the present time. 
Burial Book (Colored) from 1872 to the present time. 
Daniels Map of the City (1875). 
Blue print of the Cemetery. 

Mayor's Office — 

1. Criminal Docket, Police Justice, 1890 to 1893 (W. R. Har- 
per, Justice). 

2. Criminal Docket, Police Justice, July 7, '93, to Apr. 13, 
'96 (A. G. Lewis, Mayor). 

3. Criminal Docket, Police Justice, Apr. 14, '96, to Jan. 22, 
'99 (A. G. Lewis and Ramsey Wharton, Mayors). 

4. Criminal Docket, Police Justice, Jan. 22, '99, to 1901 
(Ramsey Wharton and W. H. Hemingway, Mayors). 

5. Criminal Docket, Police Justice, Jan., 1901, to the present 
time (William Hemingway, Mayor). 

Register of Arrests, Jan. 22, 1901, to the present time. 

Register of Police, Jan., 1900, to the present time. 

Manuscript Index (20 pages) to all Ordinances passed since 
1890, giving the page of the Minute Book, the date of pas- 
sage and the title of Ordinances, topically arranged, by the 
Mayor (William Hemingway). 
Engineer's Office — 

Record of Plumbing x\pplications and Permits, Jan. 2, 1901, 
to the present time. 

Files of Daily Reports of Sanitary Inspector. 

Smith's Map of Jackson (1852). 

Maps and Charts showing grades of streets, sewage sur- 
veys, etc. 

Meridian. 7 

Meridian, Miss., was incorporated in i860. The several acts 
of incorporation were consolidated and amended on March 5, 
1872. Since then the charter has been amended on the follow- 
ing dates: Apr. 4, 1874; Mar. 5, 1875; Jan. 23, 1882; Mar. 16, 
1886; Feb. 25, 1888; Mar. 3, 1888. There have been a number 
of minor amendments to the original charter since 1888. 

The municipal records are as follows: 

Clerk's Office — 

1. Records of Board of Aldermen from Dec. 5, 1868, to Apr. 
28, 1882. 

2. Records of the Board of Aldermen from May 2, 1882, to 
Apr. 29, 1890. 

3. Records of the Board of Aldermen from May 6, 1890, to 
Dec. 31, 1! 



This report was prepared by Hon. E. E. Spinks, Mayor. 



Natchez. 145 

4. Records of the Board of Aldermen from Jan. 1, 1899, to 
the present time. 

1. Records of the Councilmen from May, 1885, to Sept. 21, 

1892. 

2. Records of the Councilmen from Oct. 6, 1892, to Dec. 26. 
1898. 

3. Records of the Councilmen from Jan., 1899, to the present 
time. 

Records of Joint Boards from July 31, 1893, to Nov., 1901. 

Warrant Books. Series A and B — 12,000 each series. War- 
rant Register Nos. 1 and 2, containing a record of all war- 
rants. 

Monthly Statement Books, 1 and 2 to this date. 

All the ledgers and other books to verify the above. 

Treasurer's Books from 1890 to the present date. 

Privilege License Books from 1890 to the present date. 

Police Arrest Dockets Nos. o, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, to the present date. 

Mayor's Dockets embrace several books prior to 1893, but 
some of them are mutilated and out of order. The following 
books of this class are well preserved: 

1. Extending from Jan., 1893, to Feb. 27, 1897. 

2. Extending from Mar., 1897, to Dec. 31, 1898. 

3. Extending from Jan., 1899, to May 20, 1900. 

4. Extending from May 21, 1900, to Apr. 4, 1901. 

5. Extending from Apr. 5, 1901, to the present time. 
Engineer's office contains a book of sewerage connections : 

1. City Map. By Hamilton. 

1. City Map. By Brandon. 

1. Sewerage Map. By S. M. Gray. 

Natchez. 8 

This city was incorporated April 4, 1803, by an act of the 
Legislature. 

The present charter was amended and all acts reduced to one 
act, Jan. 29, 1877. There have been some minor amendments- 
since. The only one of note makes all subordinate officers 
elective by the voters at large for two years, whereas in 1896 
and prior to that they were elected annually by the Board of 
Aldermen and Mayor. The city is not under the Municipal 
Chapter of the code of '92, but under its old charter. 

The following records are in the City Clerks' office : 

Complete Minutes of the Board from its first meeting to the 

present time. 
Ordinance Books A, B, C, properly indexed. 

8 This report was prepared by Mr. Thos. R. Quarterman, City Clerk. 



146 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Treasurer's Stub Books. 
Treasurer's Account Book. 

Full record of Deaths and Interments since 1854. 
Files of the Weekly and Daily Papers for many years back, ex- 
cept the years during the occupation by the Federals. 
No record of building permits or plumbing. 
Maps and charts showing grades of streets and old original 

surveys of streets, alleys, and lanes. 
Several official maps of city. 

Police records are all kept in Station House. 

The ordinances of this city have not been codified since 1854. 

Vicksburg. 

The municipal records of the City of Vicksburg are as fol- 
lows: 

Minutes of the proceedings of the Mayor and Aldermen from 

i860 to the present time. 
Stub Warrant books for the past twenty years. 
Stub privilege license books for the same period. 
Treasurer's cash books for the past twenty years. 
Ordinance books for the past thirty years. 
Police Court records for the past several years. 
Appropriation book from January 1, 1901, to the present time. 
Minutes of the proceedings of the School Trustees from the 

date of their organization to the present time. 
Stub tax receipt books for the past twenty years. 
Contract book for the past twenty years. 
Bond book for the past twenty years. 
Set double-entry books for the past twenty-five years. 
Writ record book for the past fifteen years. 
Profile book for the past twenty years. 
Records of lots in City Cemetery for the past thirty years. 

Wesson. 9 
The city of Wesson was incorporated about the year 1866. 
All the records were destroyed by fire in June, 1885. The ex- 
isting records are as follows : 
Mayor's Office — 

Mayor's Criminal Docket, from June, 1885, to the present 

time. 
Records of proceedings of Mayor and Aldermen, June, 1885, 

to the present time. 
Treasurer's Stub Book from June, 1885, to the present time. 
Privilege License Book from June, 1885, to the present time." 

9 This report was made by Mr. T. A. Garner, Mayor. 



Wesson. 147 

Treasurer's Book from June, 1885, to the present time. 

Records of all ordinances passed since 1896, giving page of 
Minute Book, the date of passage and title of ordinance. 

The following Mayors have been elected since 1885 : 
D. G. Patterson, Mayor, 1885 to 1889. 
T. D. Day, Mayor, 1889 to 1897. 
H. M. Buckly, Mayor, 1897 to 1901. 
T. A. Garner, Mayor, 1901 to the present time. 

About the year 1892 the city voluntarily passed under the 
Municipal Chapter of the code of 1892. 



SECTION 4. FEDERAL OFFICES. 
By Franklin E. Riley. 

Eand Office. 1 

Prior to the War between the States, Mississippi was divided 
into six land districts, viz : The Paulding district, the Columbus 
district, the Washington district, the Grenada district, the Jack- 
son district, and the Chickasaw district. At the beginning of 
the War there was an office in each of these districts, with the 
exception of the Chickasaw district, the same being at Pauld- 
ing, Columbus, Washington, Grenada, and Jackson. After the 
War all these offices were consolidated into one, the Jackson 
office, their records being removed to that place. The consoli- 
dation was made in 1869 and the first Receiver was C. E. C. 
Cass, whose commission began April 21, 1869. Charles W. 
Eoomis had the honor of being the first Register of the consol- 
idated office. The Receivers since Mr. Cass have been as fol- 
lows : Robert J. Alcorn from July, 1876, to August, 1880; A. 
H. Kimball from Aug., 1880, to May 3, 1883; John T. Hull 
from May 3, 1883, to Sept. 30, 1885 ; Wallace McEaurin from 
Sept. 30, 1885, to Sept. 30, 1889; George C. McKee from Sept. 
30, 1889, to Oct. 18, 1890; Mrs. A. H. McKee from Oct. 18, 
1890, to July 1, 1893; R. W. Banks from July 1, 1893, to Dec. 
4, 1897; Geo. Edward Matthews from Dec. 4, 1897, to the pres- 
ent time. The Registers succeeding Mr. Eoomis have been as 
follows : R. C. Kerr, who began his term of office Feb. 26, 
1873; J a s. D. Stewart, Sept. 7, 1885; R - C. Kerr, Oct. 9, 1889; 
Henry Kernagan, Aug. 18, 1891 ; Robert E. Wilson, April 23, 
l8 93 ; James Hill, Nov. 17, 1897. 

As a matter of convenience the land records may be divided 
into two general classes, obsolete or uncurrent, and current. 
The former class embraces those which are rarely used in the 
daily transactions of the business of the office ; while the latter 
class embraces those which are of constant use and reference. 

The obsolete class is to be found in the record room, set 

1 The report on the land records was kindly prepared by Mr. Edgar 
Spinks, Clerk, U. S. Land Office, Jackson, Miss. 



Land Office. 149 

apart for the deposit and filing of uncurrent records and those 
which have to be referred to but rarely. On the upper shelves 
of the north side of this room may be found a conglomeration 
of small papers, unclassified and in many instances unlabeled. 
This large number of loose papers consists of application for 
entries under the old system of land laws, Forfieited Land 
Stock, letters received, including those from the War Depart- 
ment when the office was under that branch of the Government, 
also many others from the General Land Office after it was 
placed under the Department of the Interior and before a sys- 
tem of filing letters and decisions had been inaugurated. Be- 
sides these there are many other papers that cannot be named 
until they have been searched through and through. On this 
same side of the room is to be found a collection of letters 
from the General Land Office bound by years beginning with 
1880 and extending to 1890. This is the first step towards a 
systematic filing of the Commissioner's and the Secretary of 
the Interior's letters and decisions in this office. 

Perhaps the most ancient as well as the most interesting rec- 
ord to be found here is a small collection of grants by the Eng- 
lish government and the Spanish government. The oldest one 
that I examined was made in 1775 by King George of England. 
This is one of those old indentures, prolix in language, exe- 
cuted in the old style of pen work on genuine parchment, and is 
to this day beautiful and well preserved, as are all the others 
after a lapse of 125 years. 

There are also over 70,000 patents from the United States 
government on file in this room. They are arranged by dis- 
tricts, and numerically in each district. This numerical ar- 
rangement coincides with the chronological arrangement also. 
These patents bear the signatures of Madison, Monroe, John 
Quincy Adams, and succeeding Presidents. There are to be 
found 20 old plats not now in use and over 150 volumes of old 
records comprising ledgers, journals, records of correspond- 
ence, Receivers accounts of various kinds, written evidence of 
claims under grants made by the English, Spanish and French 
governments in their respective languages, abstracts of war- 
rants or orders of survey issued by the Spanish government 
for the district of Natchez, record of the proceedings of the 
Board of Commissioners established by act of Congress reg- 



150 Mississippi Historical Society. 

ulating grants in the Territory of Mississippi, and many other 
kinds of records formerly in use in the old offices. 

The current records are to be found in the office proper, and 
are systematically arranged mostly by numbers and according 
to the township and range of the lands.. There are no lists of 
names and any particular record is located by reference to the 
number of the township and range of the land in question. 
These records comprise 25 volumes of township plats and over 
75 volumes of tract books with about 200 volumes of other mis- 
cellaneous records made up of daily registers of entries (origin- 
al homestead, final homestead, and cash entries), daily registers 
of receipts on the different kinds of entries, Receiver's monthly 
and quarterly accounts, both official and unofficial, records of 
warrant and script locations, and press copies of official corre- 
spondence of the office. There are a large number of patents 
on file for delivery, files and records of contested cases and 
decisions of this office relative thereto, files of rejected appli- 
cations to make entries, over 6,000 letters from the Commis- 
sioner of the General Land Office filed numerically, Depart- 
mental decisions, etc. 

The chronological scope of these records extends from 1803 
to the present time with an interruption during the Civil War 
and immediately thereafter. As has been indicated in the case 
of the original grant by King George, they run back to 1775. 
There are other documents that bear dates between this date 
and 1803, though they are not continuous, but fragmentary. 

It is interesting to note the different courses pursued by dif- 
ferent land officers when the State seceded from the Union. 
Some gave the State of Mississippi credit for the funds in their 
hands belonging to the United States, and proceeded to do 
business for the State. Others proceeded with their official 
duties as if nothing* had happened. Lands were sold and 
entries were made on the records, which, of course, were can- 
celled by the Department when it took charge of the offices 
after the war. In one case a Register protested against being 
interfered with by the State government, a copy of which pro- 
test is now found on the daily register of that date. 



United States Courts. 151 

United States Courts. 

No responses were received to the requests for information 
which were sent to the deputy clerks of the Federal Courts at 
Vicksburg, Biloxi, and Aberdeen. 

Jackson. 2 

A limited examination of the old record books in the office 
of the Clerk of the Federal courts at Jackson, Miss., shows 
that there is a complete record of the proceedings of those 
courts commencing with the April Term of the District Court 
held in the city of Natchez in the year 1824. At that time it 
appears that Hon. Peter Randolph was the District Judge, 
William Burns, Clerk, and John H. Norton, Marshal. The 
records of the Circuit Court show that at a term of the court 
held in the city of Natchez in 1838, Judge John McKinley and 
Judge George Adams were Circuit Judges at that time. Wil- 
liam Burns was Clerk of the Circuit Court and Wm. M. Gwin, 
U. S. Marshal. All the records of these courts from the above 
dates, if not earlier to the present time are thought to be in the 
Federal building at Jackson. A careful investigation of these 
old records would doubtless furnish data for a very interesting 
history of the civil and criminal litigation in our State up to the 
present time. 

Meridian. 5 
The courts — Circuit and District — for this division were 
established under an act of Congress, approved July 18, 1894 
{Supplement to Revised Statutes U. S., Vol. 2, page 202). The 
first term of the courts under that act was held in March, 1895. 
The court records in Meridian are as follows : 

One Minute Book containing a record of the proceedings of the 
United States Circuit Court for the Eastern Division of the Southern 
District of Miss., from March, 1895, to the present time. 

One Court Docket containing entry of cases — law and equity — tried or 
otherwise disposed of from the first term of the court. 

One General Docket for law cases from May, 1897. 

One General Docket for equity cases from March, 1895. 

One motion docket. 

One Order Book for vacation orders. 

2 This part of the report was kindly prepared by Mr. L. B. Mosely, 
clerk of the U. S. Courts, Jackson, Miss. 

3 The account of the Federal Court records in Meridian was kindly 
prepared by Mr. S. B. Watts, Deputy Clerk. 



152 Mississippi Historical Society. 

One Bankruptcy General Docket containing entries of every step 
taken in this office in bankuptcy cases from January, 1899, to date. 

One Bankruptcy Minute Book containing entries of orders of the 
District Court in bankruptcy cases in this court from January, 1899, 
to date. 

The records of the District Court for this division (criminal) 
except of bankruptcy matters are kept in the office of the Clerk 
of the Court for the Southern District of Mississippi at Jackson, 

Miss. 

Oxford. 

The United States District Court for the Northern District 
of Mississippi was established by an act of Congress passed in 
1838. The time appointed by law for holding the first term, 
Dec. 3, 1838, having come before a judge had been appointed, 
the court met from day to day for four days when it was ad- 
journed by the Marshal, to meet June 3, 1839. No judge hav- 
ing arrived by the time of the second date appointed for holding 
the court, it was adjourned by the Marshal to meet again on 
June 10, 1839. By that time Samuel J. Gholson, the newly 
appointed judge, and Samuel F. Butterworth, District Attor- 
ney, having arrived at the place appointed, the first term of the 
Federal Court for this district was then held at Pontotoc, Mis- 
sissippi. Subsequent terms of the same court were held at the 
same place until after the outbreak of the War between the 
States. During this war the Confederate courts for this dis- 
trict were held successively at Pontotoc, Holly Springs, and 
Columbus. Upon the return of peace, in 1866, the Federal 
Court was moved from Pontotoc to Oxford. In June, 1882, 
the Northern District was divided into an Eastern and Western 
Division, Aberdeen being chosen as the place for holding the 
courts for the former division and Oxford retained as the place 
for holding the courts of the latter division. 

Judge Gholson's term of office extended from 1839 to ^ e ~ 
cember, i860. Judge Alexander M. Clayton was judge of the 
Confederate Courts of this district from i860 to 1865. After 
the surrender Robert A. Hill was appointed Federal judge of 
this district. His term of office extended from May, 1866, to 
August, 1891. Judge H. C. Niles, the present incumbent, was 
appointed in September, 1891. 

As the different local land offices in North Mississippi were 



Oxford. 153 

abolished from time to time their records were placed in the 
custody of the Clerk of the District Court at Pontotoc. In 
1866 they were moved from Pontotoc to Oxford, and two years 
later were again moved to Jackson where they still remain. 

The most important criminal cases that have ever come be- 
fore this court are the so called Kuklux cases. Among the 
most important civil cases are the following: Jacob Thompson 
et al vs. Memphis, Selma, and Brunswick Ry. Co., (1885-1889); 
Thomas Watson vs. B. H. Evers et al. (1885-1891), involving 
about 500,000 acres of delta and pine lands ; Illinois Central 
Railroad et al. vs. Mississippi Railroad ; N. O. J. and G. N. R. R. 
Company et al. (1876- 1877). 

The following records may be found in the Federal building 
at Oxford: 

Minute Book ofthe Confederate States of America, Aug. '61-Apr. [65. 
This record occupies sixty-one pages. The first page of this interesting 
document reads in part as follows: "The Confederate States of Ameri- 
ca. District Court of the Confederate States for the Northern Divis- 
ion of the District of Mississippi. Court met pursuant to the appoint- 
ment of the Hon. Alexander M. Clayton, judge thereof, and in pursu- 
ance of an act of the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States of 
America, entitled 'An act to establish the Judicial Courts of the Confed- 
erate States of America.' Approved March 16, 1861, and the detailed 
acts amendatory thereof: Present the Hon. Alex. M. Clayton, Judge 
thereof; W. H. H. Tison, Marshal; and R. W. Edmonston, Clerk." 

Chancery Court Docket, beginning June '67 and ending Dec, '84 
(1 vol.). 

Court Docket — Issue Cases, beginning Dec, '57, and ending Dec, '88 
(3 volumes). 

Court Docket — Criminal Cases, beginning Dec, '58, and ending June, 

Court Docket — Criminal Cases, beginning Dec, '58, and extending 
to June, '87 (4 volumes). 

Motion Docket, beginning June, '39, and extending to June, '90 (2 
volumes). 

Marshall's Execution Docket — Civil Cases, beginning Jan., '71, and 
extending to June, '96 (3 volumes). 

Clerk's Execution (U. S. Cases), beginning Dec, '58, and extending 
to the present time (2 volumes). 

Marshal's Execution Docket, beginning June, '67 and extending to 
July, '96 (5 volumes). 

Marshal's Docket — Criminal Cases, beginning Jan., '71, and extending 
to July, '96 (8 volumes). 

Execution Docket — Common Law and Equity, beginning Dec, '71, 
and extending to Dec, '77 (1 volume). 

General Dockets in Bankruptcy Cases, beginning with case number 
1, which bears the date of July 9, 1867, and extending to 1878. 

General Docket in Bankruptcy Cases, beginning in 1898 and extend- 
ing to the present time. 

Solicitor's Docket, beginning Dec, '78, and extending to Feb., '88 
(4 volumes). 

Bar Docket— Chancery, bearing the date of June, '71 (7 pages, 1 case). 



x 54 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Subpoena and Witness Certificate Docket, beginning with Dec \ 7 
and extending to June, '75 (1 volume). B ' 57, 

Judgment Docket and Index. 

United States Docket. 

Bar Docket, beginning Dec, '58, and extending to June '82 (1 
volume). J ' v 

A^ Coi i rt 'Q? . cket "r Eq ^ ty Cases ' h ^nnmg June, '85, and extending to 
March, 88 (1 volume). 

Marshal's Docket— Bankruptcy Cases, beginning Aug., '67, and ex- 
tending to March, 78. 

Clerk's Execution Docket, beginning Aug., '45, and extending to 
Aug., 46 (1 volume). 

United States Execution Docket—Criminal Cases, beginning Dec 
71, and extending to June, '78 (1 volume). 

Minute Book— Common Law and Chancery, beginning June ' 53- Tune 
06 (1 volume). ' 

Minute Book— Common Law, beginning Dec, '38, and extending to 
June, 52 (2 volumes). 

Minute Books, extending from June, '66, to the present time (9 
volumes). 

Books of Discharge. 

Miscellaneous Orders. 

Register's Minutes of Bankruptcy, beginning Aug., '67, and extend- 
ing to Jan., '77 (1 volume). 

Internal Revenue Record, beginning Jan., '71, and extending to Sept., 
71 (1 volume). 

Orders in Chancery, beginning June, '45, and extending to Dec, '88 
(2 volumes). 

Summons and Subpoena Cases, beginning June, '71, and extending to 
June, '82 (1 volume). 

Final Records (United States Cases), beginning with '38 and extend- 
ing to the present time (9 volumes). 

Final Records — Equity Cases, volumes II. and III. 

General Docket (United States Cases), extending from June, '71, 
to the present time (7 volumes). 

Index— Chancery Cases. 

Index — Common Law. 

Index — United States Cases. 

Index — Bankruptcy Cases. 

Official Letters received by the Marshal from Dec, '70 (10 books). 

Miscellaneous Collections — Documentary Records, etc. (unclassified). 

Letter Book of United States Marshal, beginning June, '80, and ex- 
tending to July, '90. 

Correspondence of George M. Buchanan, relating to the erection of 
the Federal building at Oxford, Miss. 

Circuit Court Jurisdiction was taken from the District Court 
by an Act of Congress, Jan. 25, 1889, being transferred to a Cir- 
cuit Court which was established by the same act. The records 
in the office of the Clerk of the District Court are as follows : 

Minute Book, extending from 1889 to the present time (2 volumes). 

Motion Docket, extending from 1889 to the present time (1 volume). 

General Docket in Chancery, extending from 1889 to the present 
time (1 volume). 

General Docket in Common Law, extending from 1889 to the present 
time (1 volume). 



Oxford. 155 

Orders in Chancery, extending from 1889 to the present time (1 
volume). 

Execution Docket, extending from 1889 to the present time (1 
volume). 

Final Records (Common Law, extending from 1889 to the present 
time (1 volume). 

Final Records (Chancery), extending from 1889 to the present time 
(1 volume). 

Court Docket (United States Cases), extending from 1889 to Dec, 
1893 (1 volume). 

_ Court Docket (Chancery Cases), extending from 1889 to the present 
time (1 volume). 

Court Docket (Common Law Cases), extending from 1889 to the 
present time (1 volume). 

Index (Common Law Cases), extending from 1889 to the present 
time (1 volume). 

Index (Chancery Cases), extending from 1889 to the present time 
(1 volume). 

Index (United States Cases), extending from 1889 to the present time 
(1 volume). 

The following records are preserved in the office of the Dis- 
trict Attorney: 

Judgment Rolls, extending from 1889 to the present time (1 volume). 
Witness Register (1 volume, 1901). 
Register of Complaints (2 volumes). 
Criminal Dockets (24 volumes). 
Civil Dockets. 
Assignment Dockets. 
Testimony Books. 

Official Letter Books (Departmental and non-departmental). 
Departmental. 

Non-Departmental. • . . 

Files of all Official Letters received and carbon copies of all official 
letters written. 



SECTION 5. EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 

SECTION 6. CHURCH ORGANIZATIONS. 

These two topics were assigned to Bishop Charles B. Galloway. The 
pressure of other duties would not permit him to systematize into a 
report the many valuable facts he has collected since his connection 
with the Historical Commission. — Editor. 

SECTION 7. PROFESSIONAL, LITERARY AND IN- 
DUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONS. 

By James M. White. 
Mississippi State Medicae Association. 1 

This association was organized on Dec. 15, 1856, and its next 
meeting was held on April 20, 1869. 

The object of the organization is to advance knowledge upon 
all the subjects connected with the healing art, the elevation 
of character and the protection of the proper rights and inter- 
ests of those engaged in the practice of medicine, and the study 
of the means calculated to render the medical profession most 
useful to the public and subservient to the greatest interests of 
humanity. 

The names of its founders were : Dr. W. Y. Gadberry, of 
Benton; Dr. M. S. Craft, of Jackson, Dr. S. C. Farrar, Jackson; 
Dr. A. B. Cabaniss, Jackson; Dr. H. Posey, Brandon; Dr. C. 

B. Galloway, Kosciusko, with perhaps others whose names can 
not now be ascertained. 

The names of its first officers were: Dr. W. Y. Gadberry, 
President, and Dr. M. S. Craft, Jackson, Recording Secretary. 

The present officers are : Dr. J. M. Buchanan, Meridian, 
President; Dr. C. D. Mitchell, Pontoctoc, 1st Vice-President; 
Dr. Anthony Miller, Panthur Burn, 2nd Vice-President; Dr. 

C. H. Trotter, Winona, Recording Secretary; Dr. B. L. Cully, 
Jackson, Assistant Secretary; Dr. D. S. Humphreys, Green- 
wood, Corresponding Secretary; Dr. J. F. Hunter, Jackson, 
Treasurer. 

1 This report was prepared by C. H. Trotter, M. D., Secretary, 

Winona, Miss. 



Mississippi Press Association. 157 

The title of the publications of this organization is The 
Transactions of the Mississippi State Medical Association, which 
are published annually. The titles of the valuable manuscripts 
of this organization are too numerous to mention in this con- 
nection. They extend over a large number of years. There is 
probably a complete file of the annual reports. The minutes 
of the different meetings of the members have been preserved, 
and also the minutes of the meetings of the officers. Dr. J. R. 
Tackett, of Meridian, the former Secretary, had them in his 
possession. When he enlisted in the Spanish-American War, 
they were left in charge of Dr. H. M. Folkes, of Biloxi. If they 
were not destroyed in the great fire of Biloxi they ought now 
to be in the possession of the Secretary or his predecessor. 

Note.— This data was given by Dr. H. H. Haralson of Vicksburg, 
from his private records of the Association of which he is an ex-Presi- 
dent and an ex-Secretary. 

Mississippi Press Association. 2 

The Mississippi Press Association was organized May, 1865, 
and its first meeting was held in May, 1866. It is not chartered. 
The object of this organization is for mutual benefit of mem- 
bers of newspaper fraternity of the State. 

The names of the founders were: J. L. Power, P. K. May- 
ers, J. S. Hamilton, A. J. Frantz, J. J. Shannon, I. M. Patridge, 
B. W. Kinsley, F. T. Cooper, E. M. Yerger. There were four 
others at the organization whose names are not now known. 

The names of its first officers were: I. M. Patridge, Presi- 
dent; J. L. Power, Secretary; P. K. Mayers, Treasurer. 

The present officers are : J. D. McKie, Reviezv, Biloxi, Presi- 
dent; J. T. Senter, Vicksburg American, 1st Vice-President; 
R. B. May, Enterprise, McComb, 2nd Vice-President; P. K. 
Mayers, Democrat-Star, Scranton, Treasurer; J. G. McGuire, 
Herald, Yazoo City, Secretary; J. L. Power, Chaplain. 

The titles of the publications of this organization are: Pro- 
ceedings of Mississippi Press Association. The Press Associa- 
tion has no valuable manuscripts. 

The minutes of the different meetings of the members have 
been preserved; also the minutes of the meetings of the 



2 This report was prepared by J. G. McGuire, Secretary, of Yazoo 
City, Miss. 



158 Mississippi Historical Society 

officers of this organization. These records are accessible. 
Col. J. L. Power, Jackson, had charge of them before his death. 

Mississippi Federation op Women's Clubs. 3 

The date of its organization was May 25, 1898, and its first 
meeting was held on May 25, 1898. It is not chartered. The 
object of this organization was to bring the Women's Clubs of 
the State into communication for acquaintance and mutual help- 
fulness. 

The names of the promoters were : Mrs. W. P. Mills, Mrs. 
Fannie Coleman, Kosciusko; Mrs. D. N. Hebron, Vicksburg; 
Mrs. Josie Frazee Cappleman, Okolona ; Mrs. R. G. Harding, 
Jackson; Mrs. Alice Brown, Sallis; Miss Brooks, Vicksburg. 

The names of its first officers were : Mrs. D. N. Hebron, 
President; Mrs. R. G. Plarding, Vice-President; Mrs. Josie 
Frazee Cappleman, Cor. Sec. ; Mrs. W. P. Mills, Rec. Sec. ; Mrs. 
Alice Brown, Treasurer. (Organized at Kosciusko.) 

The present officers are : Mrs. Josie Frazee Cappleman, 
President; Mrs. Rosa Johnson, Rec. Sec; Mrs. Wm. Binne- 
ville Rhodes, Cor. Sec. ; Mrs. C. H. Clifton, Treasurer ; Mrs. 
Janie Kline, Auditor. 

The titles of the publications of this organization are : 

Minutes for 1898. Kosciusko. 

Minutes for 1899. Vicksburg. 

Minutes for 1900. Meridian. 

Minutes for 1901. Natchez. 

History of the Mississippi Federation of Women's Clubs. By 
Josie Frazee Cappleman. Published in the following offi- 
cial Club organs: 

"Georgian and New Era," Atlanta, Ga. 

"The Keystone," Charleston, S. C. 

"Woman's Edition, Tupelo Journal," Tupelo, Miss. 

There is a complete file of the annual reports, and the min- 
utes of the different meetings of the members and of the of- 
ficers have been preserved. These records are accessible, and 
are in the hands of Mrs. Josie Frazee Cappleman, Okolona, 
Miss. 



8 This report was prepared by Mrs. Josie Frazee Cappleman, President. 



Mississippi Bankers' Association. 159 

Mississippi Bankers' Association. 4 

The Mississippi Bankers' Association was organized in 1889. 
Its first meeting was held on May 22, 1889. It is not char- 
tered. 

The object of this organization is to 

"Promote the general welfare and usefulness of banks and banking 
institutions, and to secure uniformity of action, together with the prac- 
tical benefit to be derived from personal acquaintance and from the dis- 
cussion of subjects of importance to the banking and commercial inter- 
ests of the State of Mississippi, and especially in order to secure the 
proper consideration of questions regarding the financial and commer- 
cial usages, customs and laws, which affect the banking interests of the 
entire state, and for the protection against loss by frauds." 

List of Organizers. 
Institution. Place. Representative. 

Brookhaven, Commercial Bank, F. F. Becker, Cashier 

Canton, Foot & Smith, Lawrence Foot 

Crystal Springs, Bank of Crvstal Springs, J. C. Smith, President 

Crystal Springs, Bank of Crystal Springs, . .*V. L. Terrell, Vice-Prest. 

Durant, Bank of Durant, H. P. Davis, President 

Greenville, Bank of Greenville, W. A. Pollock, President 

Greenville, First National Bank, Thos. Mount, Cashier 

Greenville, Merchants and Planters Bank, J. Robertshaw, Cashier 

Grenada, Merchants Bank, J. W. McLeod, Cashier 

Hazelhurst, .... Merchants and Planters Bank, ....I. N. Ellis, Cashier 

Jackson, Capital State Bank, B. W. Griffith, Cashier 

Jackson, Capital State Bank, R. W. Millsaps, President 

Jackson, First National Bank, S. C. Carter, President 

Jackson, First National Bank, O. J. Waite, Cashier 

Kosciusko, C. C. Kelly, C. C. Kelly 

Macon, Merchants & Farmers Bank, R. W. Jones, Jr.. Cashier 

Meridian, First National Bank, H. V. Wall 

Meridian, Meridian National Bank, G. Q. Hall, Vice-President 

Meridian, Meridian National Bank, J. H. Wright, Cashier 

Natchez, First National Bank, A. G. Campbell, Cashier 

Oxford, Bank of Oxford, Bern Price, Cashier 

Pickens, Bank of Pickens, W. D. Lawson, President 

Summit, Bank of Summit, R. A. Campbell 

Vicksburg, First National Bank, J. P. Roach, President 

Vicksburg, Merchants National Bank W. S. Jones. Cashier 

Vicksburg Delta Trust & Banking Co., *Lee Richardson, Prest. 

Water Valley, . Bank of Water Valley, G. D. Able, Cashier 

West Point, First National Bank, T. M. Moseley. Cashier 

Winona Purnell & Hawkins, J. C. Purnell 

Yazoo City, ... Bank of Yazoo City, Charles Roberts 

* Deceased. 

The names of its first officers were : 

S. S. Carter, President. 

W. A. Pollock, Vice-President. 

B. W. Griffith, Secretary and Treasurer. 

4 Reported by Mr. B. W. Griffith, Secretary, Vicksburg, Miss. 
11 



160 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Its present officers are: 

B. L. Roberts, President 

J. W. Keyes, Vice-President 

B, W. Griffith, Secretary and Treasurer 

The annual reports of this organization have been published. 
A complete file of the same is in the custody of the Secretary, 
Mr. B. W. Griffith, of Vicksburg, Miss. They contain the ad- 
dresses made at the different meetings, as well as the minutes 
of the meetings. The Mississippi Historical Society has a com- 
plete file of these reports, except for 1892. 

Mississippi Cotton Growers' Association. 

Mr. John A. Redhead, of Centerville, Miss., President of this 
association, writes as follows : 

"I have no records or data to refer to relative to the organization 
of the Cotton Growers' Association and will have to quote from mem- 
ory. About six years ago last January, the Southern Cotton Growers' 
Association met in Jackson, Miss., and that meeting suggested that 
each cotton growing state would organize a state association. Missis- 
sippi organized at that time with Capt. W. W. Stone as president. 
Nothing was done during Capt. Stone's administration except to elect 
and send delegates to the Southern Association that met at Memphis, 
Tenn. At that meeting I think Mr. Alf. George was elected president 
of the state association, and Col. F. L. Maxwell, of Mound Lee, was 
made president of the Southern Association. The following year the 
state Association met at Vicksburg. Mr. George did not attend. At 
that meeting I was elected president, and Mr. Lee Richardson, of 
Vicksburg, was made secretary._ That was about three years ago, and 
as the Southern Association did not meet again, there has been no 
meeting of the state association since then. So I am looked upon as 
still president of the state association." 

Guee States Jersey Cattle Breeders' Association. 

All that has been ascertained about this association are the 
following facts : It was organized in the seventies. It was not 
chartered. Probably all that remains of its records is its con- 
stitution and roll of members. These are to be found in the 
Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Mississippi Exposition Association. 5 

The date of its organization was 1879. In 1886 its name 
was changed to Aberdeen Fair Association. The object of this 
organization was to encourage the agricultural interests of the 
country, to aid the farmer to increase the productions of his 
crops, by intense farming; to create a demand and interest in 

"This report was prepared by Mr. R. E. Houston, of Aberdeen, Miss. 



Lowndes County Agricultural Fair Association. 161 

the State in raising thoroughbred cattle, horses, sheep, &c., &c, 
and create an interest in all matters which tended to the up- 
building of our waste places. 

The names of the promoters or founders were: Hon. Lock 
E. Houston, A. J. Skyes, Robt. E. Houston, S. A. Jonas, E. H. 
Bristow, Robt. Brown, L. Willis, Jonas O. Gallop, R. O. Rey- 
nolds, I. B. McKinny. 

The names of its first officers were: i. Lock E. Houston. 
2. A. J. Sykes. 3. Robt. E. Houston. 

Secretaries: 1. E. H. Bristow. 2. Q. O. Eckford. 3. R. B. 
Haughton. 

This Fair Association does not now exist. The last officers 
were : Lock E. Houston, president ; R. B. Haughton, secretary. 

The titles of the publications of this organization are: Nine 
annual premium lists and classifications of cereals, stock, &c, 
&c, a few of which can probably be obtained. 

The records are all missing. The books not having been 
passed from secretary to secretary, are now mislaid. 

The persons who had charge of these records are Robt. E. 
Houston, Aberdeen; Q. O. Eskford, Ibid; E. H. Bristow, dead; 
R. B. Haughton, St. Louis, Mo. 

(Note. — The second and sixth annual reports of these Fairs 
are on file in the Mississippi A. & M. College Library.) 

Lowndes County Agricultural Fair Association. 6 
The object of this organization was to encourage agriculture. 
The names of the promoters or founders were : Thos. C. Bil- 
lups, Jno. M. Morgan, R. D. Powell, Calvin C. Pickens. All 
died many years ago — from 15 to 35 years. Major Thos. G. 
Blewett was also one of the original promoters. He died about 
20 years ago. The name of its first officer was Thos. C. Billups, 
president. 

The society was organized in the spring of 1857, and con- 
tinued until broken up by the war. 

Jefferson County Planters', Mechanics' and Manufac- 
turers' Association. 7 

The date of its organization was December, 1868, and its first 
meeting was held on June 6, 1870. The date of its charter is 

6 This report was prepared by Mr. J. M. Billups, of Columbus, Miss. 

7 This report was prepared by Mr. R. H. Forman, President, Fayette, 

Miss. 



162 Mississippi Historical Society. 

June 24, 1870. The object; of this organization was to encour- 
age agriculture, horticulture and manufacturers of all kinds in 
the county. 

The names of the founders were : J. J. Whitney, Jno. A. Gal- 
breath, I. W. Burch, J. J. Key, Jas. McClure, B. B. Paddock, 
R. M. J. Arnette, E. R. Jones, P. K. Whitney, Put Darden and 
others. 

The names of its first officers were: J. J. Whitney, president; 
J. A. Galbreath, 1st vice-president; I. W. Burch, 2nd vice-presi- 
dent; T. J. Key, 3rd vice-president; Jas. McClure, 4th vice- 
president; H. L. Tucker, 5th vice-president; B. B. Paddock, 
secretary, and P. K. Whitney, treasurer. 

The last officers were elected December 8, 1884, as follows: 
R. H. Forman, president; Chas. D. Butler, vice-president; J. B, 
McCormick, treasurer; R. W. Campbell, secretary. Board of 
Directors : I. W. Burch, Thos. Davenport, Jno. W. Broughton, 
J. J. Whitney ; W. S. Briscoe, T. E. Darden, Put. Darden, R. M. 
J. Arnette, Robt. M. Smith. 

The association issued no publications. It has no valuable 
manuscripts. It was reorganized June 26, 1889, and elected the 
following officers: B. B. Paddock, president; R. M. J. Arnette, 
vice-president; E. R. Jones, secretary; P. K. Whitney, treas- 
urer. Directors: J. B. McConkle, Wade Harrison, I. W. 
Burch, Geo. Torrey, J. J. Whitney, T. W. Hunt, W. E. Harper, 
Jno. A. Galbreath and Put. Darden. This was the permanent 
organization. 

There is probably a complete file of the annual reports. The 
minutes of the different meetings of the members and of the 
officers have been preserved. They are in the hands of the 
last secretary, Mr. R. W. Campbell, in Fayette, Miss., and are 
accessible. 

Natchez Fair Association. 8 

This association was organized in July, 1897, and its first 
meeting was held in June, 1897. The date of its charter is July 
10, 1897. The object of the organization is to provide an Agri- 
cultural, Stock and Mechanical Exposition. 

The names of the promoters or founders were : Thos. Reber,- 

8 This report was made by Mr. R. I. Metcalfe, Secretary and Treas- 
urer, of Natchez, Miss. 



Natchez Fair Association. 163 

I. N. Moses, B. S. Chase, A. G. Campbell, R. F. Learned, J. S. 
Fleming, S. H. Towenburg, W. B. Abbott, F. J. Junkin R I 
Metcalfe, L. P. Conner. 

Its first officers were: I. N. Moses, president; R. I. Metcalfe, 
secretary and treasurer. 

It publishes nothing except annual premium lists. There is 
not a complete file of the annual reports. The minutes of the 
different meetings of the members and of the officers have been 
preserved, and all the records are accessible. They are in the 
custody of Mr. R. I. Metcalfe, of Natchez, Miss. 

Bowling Green Grange, No. 306 (Subordinate). 9 

The date of its organization was August 30, 1873. The ob- 
ject of this organization was to promote the best interests of the 
farmers, their wives and children. 

The names of the promoters or founders were: Wellington 
Jenkins, Martin Holmes, G. E. L. Holmes, Jas. Moorhead, T. 
J. Tate, R. H. Jones, Enoch Tate, F. A. Howell, E. P. Stanley, 
W. W. Weeks, I. M. McNeer, W. J. Grace, J. E. Frizzell, J. L. 
Frizzell, J. T. Rhyne, H. W. Thurmond, A. J. McMillan, F. I. 
McGee, J. S. Rhyne, Mrs. C. C. Horton, C. E. Frizzell, C. M. 
Holmes, N. M. Whorry, M. L. McLellan, E. E. Howell, M. L. 
Rogers, Misses A. E. Holmes, and E. R. Horton. 

The names of its first officers were: W. Jenkins, master; M. 
Holmes, overseer; Geo. E. L. Holmes, lecturer; J. L. Frizzell, 
steward; James Moorhead, assistant steward; E. P. Stanley, 
chaplain; T. J. Tate, treasurer; C. H. Jones, secretary; F. I. 
McGee, gate-keeper ; Mrs. C. C. Horton, ceres ; Miss Ella Hor- 
ton, Pomona; Miss A. E. Holmes, Flora; and Mrs. C. M. 
Holmes, lady assistant steward. 

It does not now exist. The last meeting recorded was on 
November 20, 1886. The last officers were: F. A. Howell, mas- 
ter; B. M. Sheehy, overseer; J. T. Moore, steward; J. P. Eu- 
bank, chaplain; James Moorhead, treasurer; W. J. Grace, sec- 
retary ; Mrs. E. E. Howell, lady assistant steward. 

The minutes of the different meetings of the members have 
been preserved, and all the records are accessible. They are 
in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

9 This report was prepared by Mr. F. A. Howell, Master, of Bowling 
Green, Miss. 



164 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Bowling Green Co-operative Association. 10 

The date of its organization was October, 1879, and its first 
meeting was held in October, 1879. The object of this organi- 
zation was to cooperate in business. The name of the associa- 
tion was changed to "Bowling Green Central." 

The names of the promoters or founders were: James Moor- 
head, Jas. A. Roberts, S. A. Montgomery, W. F. Nabers, A. J. 
McMillan, S. J. McLellan, H. W. Thurmond, J. P. Eubank, E. 
P. Stanley, J. T. Moore, F. A. Howell and others. 

The names of its first officers were: S. A. Montgomery, 
chairman; F. A. Howell, secretary; James Moorhead, treas- 
urer. H. W. Thurmond, E. P. Stanley and S. J. McLellan 
were made directors, and J. A. Under and W. A. Denton, audi- 
tors. 

It does not now exist. The last officers were : S. J. McEellan, 
chairman ; F. A. Howell, secretary ; J. L. Frizzell, business man- 
ager. Directors : W. F. Nabers, E. P. Stanley, A. J. McMillan, 
J. E. Covington, J. P. Eubank and Jas. A. Wigley. 

The minutes of the different meetings of the members and 
officers have been preserved. They are in the Archives of the 
Mississippi Historical Society. 

Holmes County Grange, No. 7. 11 

The first minute book has been lost or mislaid. The first 
meeting of this association was held in April, 1880. 

The object of this organization was to promote the interests 
of agriculture and to keep the different .subordinate Granges in 
close touch with each other for purposes of cooperation in all 
that tended to further the interests of farmers in the county. 

The names of the promoters or founders were : J. H. Douglas, 
J. G. Hamilton, Baxter Wilson, F. W. Eakin, Ike S. Harvey, 
Martin Holmes, Joseph McGee, F. A. Howell and others. 

The name of its first master was J. H. Douglas. The 
list of the other early officers has been lost. In 1882 Bax- 
ter Wilson was master; J. M. McCaleb, overseer; H. Christmas, 
lecturer; F. A. Howell, steward; B. F. Porter, assistant 
steward; B. M. Sheehy, treasurer; Ike S. Harvey, secretary; 
W. W. Fowler, gate keeper; Alice Frost, Pomona; Annie Mc- 

10 This report was prepared by Mr. F. A. Howell, Secretary. 

11 This report was made by Mr. F. A. Howell, Secretary 



The Mississippi State Grange. 165 

Millan, Flora; Bettie McCaleb, Ceres, and Alice Porter, lady 
assistant steward. 

It does not now exist. The last officers were : F. W. Eakin, 
master; J. C. C. Grain, overseer; B. M. Sheehy, lecturer; G. 
M. Crain, steward; W. C. Herring, assistant steward; T. S. 
Wright, chaplain; J. P. Eubank, treasurer; F. A. Howell, sec- 
retary; G. W. Garnett, gate-keeper; Miss Minnie Eakin, Po- 
mona; Miss Myrtle Howell, Flora; Miss Alice Frost, Ceres; 
Miss Mary Crain, lady assistant steward. 

There is not a complete file of the annual reports. The re- 
ports for 1880-1881 are missing. The minutes of the different 
meetings of the members have been preserved from 1882, and 
from 1882 to 1889 inclusive. These records are in the Ar- 
chives, of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

The minute books of Central Grange are in the hands of W. 
A. Whorry, Franklin, Miss. 

The Mississippi State Grange. 12 

The date of its organization was March 15, 1872, and its first 
meeting was held on July 1, 1872. The date of its charter is 
April, 1872. The object of this organization was to combine 
the agriculturists of the State for their social, moral, intellectual 
and financial benefit. 

The names of the promoters or founders were : Gen. A. J. 
Vaughan, W. L. Williams, R. D. Powell, Dr. D. L. Phares, 
E. F. Colby, Wm. Gresham, W. H. Boone, C. W. Williams, Jr. ; 
G. W. Bynum, Dr. T. J. Jackson, B. Norris, Maj. E. G. Wall, 
R. J. Lyle, T. E. Cannon, P. Mullin, Mrs. M. E. Williams, Mrs. 
Frannie Bynum, Miss Mattie Smith, and other officers and 
members of subordinate Granges. 

The names of its first officers were : Genl. A. J. Vaughan, 
Marshall co., master ; Cornelius Hardy, overseer ; R. A. Powell, 
Lowndes co., lecturer; Dr. D. L. Phares, steward; E. F. Colby, 
Monroe co., assistant steward; W. Gresham, Prentiss co., chap- 
lain; W. L. Williams, Alcorn co., secretary; James Poole, 
Marshall co., treasurer; W. H. Boone, Alcorn co., gate-keeper; 
Mrs. Laura Baird, Marshall co., Pomona; Miss Mattie Smith, 
Prentiss co., Cores.; Mrs. J. K. Bynum, Alcorn co., Flora; 
Miss Mollie E. Phares, Wilkinson co., lady assistant steward. 

12 This report was prepared by Mr. Thos. J. Aby, Secretary, Fayette, 

Miss. ■ i 



1 66 "Mississippi Historical Society. 

Executive Committee: Cornelius Hardy, E. F. Colby, D. L. 
Phares, A. J. Vaughan and W. L. Williams. 

It does not exist. The last officers were : S. L. Wilson, mas- 
ter; G. W. Talbot, overseer; W. J. Hamilton, lecturer; J. H. 
Bassett, steward; J. W. W. Lyle, assistant steward; M. J. 
Chandler, chaplain; M. L. Hand, gate-keeper; T. J. Aby, sec- 
retary; Mrs. Josephine Bailey, treasurer; Mrs. Ora Faucette, 
Pomona; Mrs. E. P. Wilson, Cores; Miss Martha Wilson, 
Flora; Mrs. Oneida Lyle, lady assistant steward. Ex. Com.: 
Dr. J. W. Bailey, H. F. Simrall, and T. J. Aby. 

The titles of the publications of this organization are : Annual 
Proceedings. 

The titles of the valuable manuscripts of this organization 
are : Annual Reports of Officers and of Committees on Agricul- 
ture, Education, Public Policy, Good of the Order and Trans- 
portation. The annual reports do not contain the reports of 
the different county Granges. 

There is a complete file of the annual reports. The minutes 
of the different meetings of the members and of the officers 
have been preserved, and are accessible. 

The law required fifteen Sub-Granges to maintain a State 
Grange, and that number not reporting to this office in '98, we 
stood suspended. All books and archives remaining in charge 
of Thos. J. Aby, Fayette, Miss. 

Tabernacle Grange. 

This body was organized in 1874. J. T. Trusty, Pine Valley, 
Miss., has a copy of the record of its organization. 

Railroads. 

The records of the companies that built the various roads 
embraced in the Yazoo and Mississippi Valley system in Mis- 
sissippi, as well as the records of the companies that built the 
roads embraced in the Illinois Central system, have not all been 
located. When these systems passed under the control of the 
Illinois Central Railroad Company, but few of the early records 
were transferred, and it seems that they are imperfect and frag- 
mentary. The depositories of the records of the Illinois Cen- 
tral Railroad Company are at the offices of the Company in 
New Orleans, Memphis, Chicago, New York, and at various 



Railroads. 167 

points in Mississippi along the line of the road. These records 
are not easily accessible. 

The following historical materials are presented by officials of 
the Illinois Central Railroad Company for the Archives of the 
Mississippi Historical Society: 

1. A printed copy of a memorandum of History of the Southern 

lines controlled by the Illinois Central R. R. Company (un- 
der date of Dec. 29, 1899), by the Hon. James Fentress. 

(9PP-) 

2. Printed copy of President Stuyvesant Fish's Address in Chi- 

cago on the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Incorporation of 
the Company. (15pp.) 

3. History of the Louisville, New Orleans and Texas Railway 

Company in Mississippi (in manuscript. 4pp.) 

4. Letter addressed to the Chancellor of the University of Mis- 

sissippi by Stuyvesant Fish, dated May 28, 1901. 

5. Time-table of the Southern Railroad Association, dated Nov. 

20, 1871. 

6. List of the first Board of Directors and Minutes of the first 

meeting of the Board of Directors of the Mississippi Cen- 
tral and Tennessee Railroad Company, Jan., 1854. 

7. Charter of the Mississippi Central Railroad Company, March 

29, 1852. 

8. Notice sent out by the Mississippi Central Railroad Com- 

pany, May 16, 1865, respecting its indebtedness. 

9. Annual Report for the Mississippi Central Railroad Company 

for 1865. 

10. Annual Report for the Mississippi Central Railroad Com- 

pany for 1867. 

11. Ten Best States. (1893.) 

12. Southern Home-seekers Guide. (1898.) 

13. Home-seekers' and Land Investors' Folder. (1891.) 

The following accessible material is to be found in the ar- 
chives of the Illinois Central Railroad Company in Chicago. 

1. Report on the Construction of the Mississippi Railroad, by 

J. C. Robinson, Holly Springs, Miss. 

2. Copies of documents relating to correspondence regarding 

the destruction of the road and equipment in 1863. 

3. Ordinances of the town of Woodville, Miss., for 1836. 

4. Two books of minutes of meetings of Police Board in Wood- 

ville, Miss., which concern the military regulations of 1861. 

The other really historic railroads in Mississippi are the 
Memphis and Charleston, the old Southern (now the Alabama 
and Vicksburg), and the Mobile and Ohio. A complete file of 



1 68 Mississippi Historical Society. 

the annual Reports, from its beginning, of the first of these 
roads, is to be found in the archives of the Southern Railway 
Company in Washington, D. C. No historical material in the 
archives of the other railroads operating in Mississippi has been 
located. 

The following statement from Hon. Fairfax Harrison, Wash- 
ington, D. C, solicitor for the Southern Railway Company, is of 
interest, however, in this connection. He says : 

"I have had some occasion to investigate the records of many 
of the railroads in the South, and I have found that practically- 
all the material of historical interest connected with the construction 
and early operation of such roads was destroyed during the war be- 
tween the States. This, I believe, is the case in Mississippi, as else- 
where. The few copies of annual reports of railroad companies which 
have been preserved are, however, full of interest to any one tracing 
the commercial development of the South. I know that this is the 
case in respect of the Mobile and Ohio." 

The annual reports since 1889 of the railroads in Mississippi 
are in the archives of the State Railroad Commission at Jack- 
son. 



SECTION 8. BENEVOLENT AND MISCELLANEOUS 
ASSOCIATIONS. 

This subject was assigned to the late Col. J. L. Power, whose recent 
death has deprived the public of an account of the sources relating to 
the history of these institutions, with which he was more familiar per- 
haps than was any other citizen of the State. — Editor. 

SECTION 9. LIBRARIES AND SOCIETIES. 

By James M. White and Franklin L. Rieey. 

The following statistics on Public Libraries in Mississippi are 
taken from a pamphlet issued in 1893 by the Bureau of Educa- 
tion, Washington, D. C. 

Number of 
Post Office. Name of Library. Bound Volumes. 

Agr. College, Agricultural and Mechanical College of Mississippi, 3,194 

Bay St. Louis,St. Stanislaus College, S,coo 

Blue Mount' n,Blue Mountain Female College, 1,200 

Clinton, Hillman College Lesbian Society, 1,600 

Clinton, Mississippi College, 2,200 

Clinton, Hermenian Society, 2,099 

'Clinton, Philomathean Society, 1,890 

Columbus, . . Public Library, 1,800 

Daleville, ...-Philomathean Library (Cooper Normal College), 2,000 

Edwards, Southern Christian Institute, 2,000 

Greenville, . . Public Library, 1,500 

Harpersville, Hunt and Huddleston College Library, 1,250 

Holly Springs Rust University Library, 1,800 

Holly Springs State Normal School, 3,000 

Jackson, ....Jackson Collegiate Academy, i,oco 

Jackson, .... Mississippi Institution for the Blind, 1,000 

Jackson, .... Mississippi Institute for Deaf and Dumb, 1,000 

Jackson, .... Mississippi State Library, 60,000 

Natchez, .... D'Evereaux Hall Orphan Asylum, 1,000 

Natchez, Fisk Memorial Library, 5,000 

Pontotoc, . . . Chickasaw Female College, 2,000 

Poplar Spr'gs,High School, 1,027 

Port Gibson, .Chamberlain-Hunt Academy, 3, 100 

Rehoboth, ... Antiquarian Society Library, 1,150 

Rodney, Alcorn Agricultural and Mechanical College, 2,403 

Sherman, ....Mississippi Normal Institute, 1,200 

Springville, . Gill's Circulating Library, 2,000 

University, . . University of Mississippi Library, 13.000 

Verona, North Mississippi Female College, 1,000 

Washington, Jefferson College, 2,000 

West Point, .West Point Law and Library Association, 2,000 

More recent statistics and special information as to the value 
of all these libraries from an historical standpoint was sought. 



I 7° Mississippi Historical Society. 

The commission failed to get responses to its inquiries concern- 
ing the library of Millsaps College, at Jackson, and the Indus- 
trial Institute and College at Columbus. 

Reports have been received from the following libraries : 

AlXORN A. AND M. COLLEGE (COLORED) WESTSIDE. 1 

Total number of bound volumes about 2,700 

Number of volumes on history and allied subjects, '275 

Number of volumes on American history and biography, 225 

Number of volumes on sociology, geography, and travels, 125 

The following books bear directly on Mississippi: Random Recollec- 
tions of Early Days in Mississippi— H. S. Fulkerson, 1885; Memoirs of 
Mississippi, vols. I. & II., 189-1. 

Fisk Memoriae (Natchez). 2 

Total number of bound volumes, 2,700 

Books and bound volumes of newspapers relating to Missis- 
sippi or the city of Natchez : 

Memoirs of Mississippi— Goodspeed Publishing Co., Chicago, 1891; 
The Memento, a pamphlet compiled by Maj. Steve Power, 1897; Bench 
and Bar of the South and Southwest— Foote, 1876; Flush Times of Ala- 
bama and Mississippi — Baldwin, 1853; History of Mississippi — Clai- 
borne^ 1880; History of the Mississippi Valley — Monette, 1846; Early 
Days in Mississippi — Fulkerson, 1885; The Southwest by a Yankee — 
Ingraham, 1835; Life and Correspondence of Gen. John A. Quitman- 
Claiborne, i860; Life of Gen. Sam Dale, The Mississippi Partisan — 
Claiborne, i860; Life of S. S. Prentiss — Shields, 1883; Life of S. S. 
Prentiss, by his brother, 1855; Life of W. H. Watkins— Mellen, 1886; 
Life of Jefferson Davis — His Wife, 1890; Report on Geology of Missis- 
sippi — Harper, 1857; North on Probate Court — Ralph North; Missis- 
sippi — Justice Bridewell, 1885; Revised Code of Mississippi, 1871; Laws 
of Mississippi, March, 1854; Laws of Mississippi, 1840, 1841, 1842, 1843, 
1844. 

Bound volumes of newspapers in this library are as follows: Ariel 
(Natchez), July 20 to Jan. 30, 1826; The Mississippi, March 12, 1845, to 
Nov. 12, 1845; Mississippi Free Trader, 1841 to 1850; The Mississippian, 
1851 to 1852; Natchez Courier, 1844 to 1850; South- Western Journal 
(Natchez), Published by Jefferson College, Dec. 15, 1837, to July 30, 
1838; Sunny South, i860. 

Mississippi A. & M. College Library (Agricultural 

College). 3 

Total number of bound volumes about 8,775 

Number of volumes on history and allied subjects about, 850 

Number of volumes on American history and biography, 621 

Number of volumes on sociology, geography and travels, nearly 500 

1 Reported by J. M. May, Librarian. 

2 Reported by Miss M. B. Montgomery, Secretary, Fisk Library. 

3 Reported by Assistant Librarian, C. R. Stark. 



Mississippi A. & M. College Library. 171 

Pictures of distinguished Mississippians: Gen. Stephen D. Lee and 
Gov. J. M. Stone, Senator J. Z. George, Dr. D. L. Phares. 

Books. 

Among the works that relate to Mississippi are the following: Gay- 
arre s History of Louisiana;, Thomassy's ' Geologie Practique de la 
Lomsianae; Confederate Military History, 12 Vols. (Mississippi, 515 
pp. by Col. C E. Hooker, Vol. 7, The South Since the War, by Gen'l 
ru ^' Vol> • I2) ; Record s of the Rebellion and Accompanying 

Charts; Congressional Globe (1849 to date); Poore's Charters and Con- 
stitutions; American State Papers, 18 volumes (file not complete); 
Goodspeeds Memoirs of Mississippi; Baldwin's Flush Times in Ala- 
bama and Mississippi; Wailes' Geology of Mississippi (1854); Harper's 
Geology of Mississippi (1857); Hilgard's Geology of Mississippi (i860); 
Mississippi Codes, 1848, 1871, 1880, annotated; Journal of the Proceed- 
ings and Debates in the Constitutional Convention of the State of Mis- 
sissippi, 1865; Official Journal, Constitutional Convention of Mississippi 
(1890); Mississippi Manual of Legal and Business Forms, Webb & 
Power (1869) ; Testimony in the Impeachment of Adelbert Ames, as the 
Governor of Mississippi; Journal of the Senate of Mississippi, Sitting as 
Court of Impeachment in Trials of Gov. Ames, Lt. Gov. Davis, and 
Supt. of Ed. Cardozo, i8;6;Owen's Bibliography of Mississippi (1900) ■ 
Transactions of the Mississippi Valley Horticultural Society, Vols. I. & 
II. (1883, 1884); Affleck's Southern Rural Almanac and Plantation and 
Garden Calendar (1851, 1852, 1853, 1854, bound in one vol.). 

The works of the following authors are to be found in the history 
alcove: Jefferson Davis, Reuben Davis, and Claiborne. 

Pamphlets. 

The number of pamphlets bearing upon Mississippi is not known. A 
partial list is here given: 

Agricultural and Mechanical College of Miss., its Origin, Object. 
Management and Results, by S. D. Lee (1889); Letters on the Legal 
Obligations and Indebtedness of the State to the A. & M. C; I. I. & C, 
and the Alcorn A. & M. C, by J. Z. George; Inauguration of J. M. 
Stone, as President of the Miss. A. & M. College; Executive and Con- 
gressional Directory of the Confederate States (compiled from original 
sources, 1899), 1861-1865; Thirtieth Session of the National Grange 
(1896); The Grange; Its Origin, Progress and Educational Purposes, 
by Aiken; Proceedings of the Second Annual Session of the State 
Farmers' Alliance, Jackson (1888); Transactions of the Mississippi 
Horticultural Society (1884, 1887, 1888, 1889-1892); Proceedings of State 
Teachers' Association (1890, 1892, 1894); Second Annual Fair of Miss. 
Exposition Association, Aberdeen (1880); Sixth Annual Fair of Miss. 
Exposition Association, Aberdeen (1884); Premium List, Agricultural, 
Mechanical and Stock Exposition, Natchez (1897); Premium List, Agri- 
cultural, Mechanical and Stock Exposition, Natchez (1898) ; West Miss. 
Agricultural, Mechanical and Stock Exposition, Vicksburg (1896); West 
Miss. Agricultural, Mechanical and Stock Exposition, Vicksburg (1898); 
Catalogue of Exhibits of Miss., at the World's Industrial Exposition, 
New Orleans, La. (1884, 1885); Organization of 1026 Camps in the 
United Confederate Veteran Association, containing Names of Depart- 
ment, Division and Brigade Commanders, and their Adjutants General, 
and Addresses, &c, &c, Nashville, Tenn. (1897); The South's Battle 
Abbey, early history of the Abbey, which contains a complete list of 
engagements of Confederates and Federals, arranged by States; The 
Mounds of the Miss. Valley Historically Considered, Carr; Ten Best 
States, Published by the I. C. R. R. Co.; Minutes of the organization 
meeting of the Cotton States Association, Atlanta, Ga. (1899); Where 



i7 2 Mississippi Historical Society. 

to Locate New Factories (a write-up of many Mississippi towns), Pub- 
lished by the I. C. R. R. Co.; Southern Home Seekers' Guide '(1804 
1895, 1898). 

Newspapers and Periodicals. 

American Agriculturist (New York), 1843, 1844, 1846 (bound); Ameri- 
can Farmer (Baltimore), 1821-1834, 15 volumes (bound); Breeders' Ga- 
zette (Chicago), Vol. I., Dec. 1, 1881— to June 15, 1882 (bound); Con- 
federate Veteran (Nashville, Term.), Jan., 1893— 1901. Complete file 
bound in 8 volumes; Cultivator (Albany, N. Y.), Vols. I. & II., 1834- 
1835; Vols. V. & VI., 1838-1839 (bound); Cultivator and Country Gen- 
tleman (Albany, N. Y.), Vol. XL., 1875 (bound); Experiment Station 
Records, 1 889-1901, bound in volumes; Gardener's Monthly, 1872-1881, 
10 volumes (bound); Industrialist, Vol. III., Oct., 1877- April, 1879 
(bound); Journal of Agriculture (New York), July, 1845-July, 1848, 3 
volumes (bound); Practical Mechanic (Worcester), July, 1887-1888, 1 
volume (bound); Southern Farmer, Jan., 1868, 1870, 1871, 1872, 4 vol- 
umes (bound). 

Files of these are not complete nor bound: 

Miss. State Papers, Miscellaneous; Clarion Ledger (Jackson); 1897 — 
date; Biloxi Herald, 1898— date; Democrat Sun (Macon), 1899— date; 
West Point Leader, 1898— date; Holly Springs Reporter, 1898— date; 
Weekly Democrat (Greenville), 1898— date; Yazoo City Herald, 1898— 
1900; Yazoo Sentinel, 1898; Vicksburg Democrat, 1898 — date; Pasca- 
goula Democrat-Star (Scranton), 1898 — date; The Leader (Brook- 
haven), 1898— date; Valley Record (Gloster), 1898; Grenada Sentinel. 
1898 — 1899; Canton Times; Tupelo Journal, 1898; Commonwealth 
(Greenwood), 1897 — date; Winston County Journal (Louisville), 1898— 
date; Quitman Quill (Belen), 1898 — date; Greenwood Enterprise, 1898; 
Gulfport Southward, 1898 — date; Southern Live Stock Journal (Meri- 
dian); 1893— 1894; Southern Farm Gazette (Starkville), 1895— date; 
Brandon News, 1898 — date; Vicksburg Weekly Herald, 1898 — date; El- 
lisville News, 1898 — date; Star-Ledger (Kosciusko), 1898, 1900 — date 
East Miss. Times (Starkville), 1899 — 1900; Laurel Chronicle, 1898— date; 
Fayette Chronicle, 1898 — date; New South (Ellisville), 1898 — date; 
Planters' Journal (Vicksburg), 1882— 1888. 

Publications from without the State. Files not complete nor bound: 

Science, 1885, 1891, 1895 — date; Manufacturer & Builder, 1883-4-5; 
Tradesman, 1895 — date; Carpentry & Building, 1896 — date; Electrical 
World, 1885-6-7; Blacksmith & Wheelwright, 1894 — date; Mining Rec- 
ord, 1883-4; Jersey Bulleton, i89i-'99; Breeders' Journal, 1882, 1884, 
1888; Gardeners' Monthly, 1882, 1884, 1887; Southern Planter, 1892, 1895 
— date; Drainage and Farm Journal, 1885, 1889; American Gardening, 
1892 — date; Farmer's Voice, 1899 — date; Southern Farmer, 1897, 1898; 
Public Opinion, 1889, 1895, 1897 — date; Ladies' Plome Journal, 1896 — 
date; Illustrated London News, 1892, 1898; Oil, Paint & Drug Reporter, 
1892— 1897; Manufacturers' Record, 1887, 1898— date; Engineering 
News, 1898 — date; The Nation, 1883 — date; Planters' Journal, 1898 — 
1900; Literary Digest, 1895 — 1898; Harpers' Round Table, i896-'97-'98; 
Critic, 1892, 1896 — date; Success, 1900 — date; Times-Democrat, D., 1897 
— date; Memphis Commercial, D., 1897 — date; Miscellaneous Religious 
Papers, 1885— date. 

Mississippi State Library (Jackson.) 4 

Books Relating to Mississippi History. 

All the Codes; the different acts except for about 1799 — 1821; Good- 
speed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Miss.; Lowrey and 

4 Reported by Miss Mattie Plunkett, State Librarian. 



Mississippi State Normal College Library. 173 

McCardle's History of Miss.; Students History of Miss., by Miss Duval; 
A Bibliography of Miss., by T. M. Owen; Publications of Historical So- 
ciety, Vols. I., II. & III.; Recollections of Mississippi and Mississip- 
pians, by Reuben Davis, 1890; Early Days in Mississippi, by H. S. Ful- 
kerson, 1885; Flush Times in Mississippi and Alabama, by Joseph G. 
Baldwin, 1895; 1 Volume Claiborne's History of Mississippi; Impeach- 
ment Trials of Ames, Davis, &c; Constitutional Convention Journals, 
1868, 1890, 1865, 1817; Jefferson Davis, by His Wife, Vols. I. & II.; Life 
of Quitman, by J. F. H. Claiborne; Mrs. Fannie A. Beers' Memories; 
De Bows Reviews. 

Newspapers. 

Files of Newspapers since July 1, 1901: Jackson Evening News; Daily 
Clarion-Ledger; Vicksburg Daily American; Meridian Evening Star; 
Biloxi Daily Herald; Aberdeen Examiner, weekly; Tupelo Journal, 
weekly; Pascagoula Democrat-Star; Dixie Free Press. 

Pictures of Prominent Missisip plans. 

1. Crayon of Jefferson Davis. Bequeathed to the State of Mississippi 
by Mrs. Sara Dorsey, 1879. 

2. Governor Poindexter (in oil). 

3. A. K. McClung (in oil). 

4. L. Q. C. Lamar (in oil). 

5. Wm. Sharkey (in oil). 

6. J. A. P. Campbell (in oil). 

7. Mississippi Constitutional Convention, 1890 {zVzit.yLSVzit.) . 

Mississippi State: Normal, College Library (Colored), 
Holly Springs. 5 

Total number of bound volumes, • 3,000 

Number of volumes on history and allied subjects, 47 

Number of volumes on American History and biography, 4 

Number of volumes on sociology, geography and travels, 6 

Pamphlets bearing upon Mississippi, 100 

Mississippi Historical Society. 

The Mississippi Historical Society was incorporated by an 
act of the Legislature in 1890. Its first meeting was held at the 
University of Mississippi on May 1, of the same year. The 
names of the charter members were Robert Lowry, R. H. 
Thompson, John Hunter, A. B. Learned, W. H. Sims, T. A. 
McWillie, James T. Fant, R. B. Fulton, E. Mayes, and William 
R. Sims. The names of its first officers were E. Mayes, Presi- 
dent; William Rice Sims, Secretary and Treasurer; R. B. Ful- 
ton, Archivist. Its officers at the present timie are Stephen D. 
Lee, President; R. W. Jones, 1st Vice-President; B. T. Kim- 
brough, 2nd Vice-President; R. B. Fulton, Archivist; Franklin 
L. Riley, Secretary and Treasurer. 

The Society has published three volumes of contributions to 

5 Reported by the President, Rev. E. D. Miller. 



174 Mississippi Historical Society. 

State history, entitled Publications of the Mississippi Historical 
Society. The Archives and Museum of the Society at the Uni- 
versity of Mississippi, contain the following historical materials : 

Miscellaneo us Manuscripts. 

The letters received by the Secretary, several hundred in 
number, relating to every phase of Mississippi history. 

Several hundred valuable manuscript letters relating to the 
literary history of Mississippi, written by literary people from 
all parts of the Union to Air. A. H. Stone and presented by him 
to the Society in 1900. 

Twenty-two letters, written by men who were prominently 
connected with Mississippi affairs during the reconstruction 
period ; biographical sketch of Gov. Ridgly C. Powers, by Wil- 
liam M. Compton (10 pages manuscript) ; an account of the per- 
sonnel of the State Senate of 1870, by Alexander Warner; the 
personnel of the lower House of the Legislature of 1870. These 
papers contain much valuable information on the history of re- 
construction in Mississippi. They were presented to the So- 
ciety by Mr. James W. Garner, of Columbia University, New 
York City. 

Letter from George Poindexter to Felix Huston, Esq., March 
9, 1834. (6 pages) ; seven others papers, among them a letter 
from Governor McRae to Air. W. P. Mellen; two letters from 
William Meade to Hon. John J. McRae, Feb. 4 and 8, 1861, 
(18 pages). Presented by Rev. T. L. Mellen, Forest, Miss. 

Autograph letter from Jefferson Davis to G. T. McGehee, 
Esq., Sept. 16, 1888, (2 pages). Presented by Air. G. T. Mc- 
Gehee, Woodville, Miss. 

Biographical sketch of Milton Kirtley Barlow (5 pages). 
Presented by Prof. J. G. Deupree, of University, Miss. 

Letter from Gen. Ames to Judge R. A. Hill, Dec. 21, 1899, 
(4 pages). 

Autograph letter from Jefferson Davis to the Hon. L. Q. C. 
Lamar, Alarch 28, 1885. Written in reply to a request from 
Mr. Lamar for advice relative to his accepting a Cabinet posi- 
tion. Documents relating to the Constitutional Convention of 
1890. Twenty-four interesting documents relating to the per- 
iod prior to and during the war between the States. Presented 
by Hon. Edward Mayes, of Jackson, Miss. 



Mississippi Historical Society. 175 

White Collection. 
The following manuscripts and pamphlets were collected for 
the Society by Prof J. M. White, of the Miss. A. and M. College, 
during his connection with the Historical Commission and have 
been deposited in the Archives of the Society: 

1. Sketch of Rodney and Vicinity, in manuscript, by J. A. Limerick. 
(1901). 

2. The Prairie Guards, history of their organization, heroism, battles, 
and triumphs, by D. C. Love. (1890). Pamphlet. 

3. Historical Edition East Mississippi Times, Starkville, Oct. 1, 1897, 
containing sketch of Oktibbeha Co., Starkville, A. & M. College, etc., 
etc. (Illustrated.) 

4. A History of Banking in Mississippi, by R. W. Milsaps. (Pamph- 
let, 19 pp.). 

5. Looking Southward, Facts and Figures about Wilkinson Co., Miss. 
(Pamphlet, 12 pp. 1896.) 

6. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of third annual Con- 
vention. Natchez, May 26 & 27, 1891. (Pamphlet, 20 pp.) 

7. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of fifth annual Con- 
vention. Yazoo City, May 16 & 17, 1895. (Pamphlet, 54 pp.) 

8. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of sixth annual Con- 
vention. Jackson, May 16 & 17, 1894. (Pamphlet, 55 pp.) 

9. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of seventh annual 
Convention. Jackson, May 13 & 14, 1896. (Pamphlet, 60 pp.) 

10. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of eighth annual 
Convention. Jackson, May 13 & 14, 1896. (Pamphlet, 60 pp.) 

11. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of ninth annual 
Convention. Water Valley, May 18 & 19, 1897. (Pamphlet, 56 pp.) 

12. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of tenth annual 
Convention. Greenville, May 17 & 18, 1898. (Pamphlet, 52 pp.) 

13. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of eleventh annual 
Convention. Grenada, May 16 & i7,_ 1899. (Pamphlet, 60 pp.) 

14. Mississippi Bankers' Association, Proceedings of twelfth annual 
Convention. Canton, May 9 & 10, 1900. (Pamphlet, 65 pp.) 

15. The Minute Book of the Holmes Co. Grange, No. 7, from April 
13, 1882, to Jan. 9, 1890. 

16. Minute Book of Bowling Green Grange, No. 306, from the third 
Saturday in Dec, 1877, to Nov. 20, 1886. (Book somewhat mutilated.) 

17. Roll Book of Bowling Green Grange, No. 306. 

18. Bowling Green Cooperative Association, later called Bowling 
Green Central, Record Book. 

19. Esther, the Latter Day Queen of the United States, 1898. (Pamph- 
let, 33 pp., John Tatum.) 

20. The United States in Prophecy, a Bible view of the subject. 
(Pamphlet, 89 pp., John Tatum.) 

21. The South's Battle Abbey, a pamphlet of 32 pp., in which is given 
in chronological order, all the authentic and official Confederate Me- 
morial Committee matter which has appeared heretofore in the news- 
papers, together with a list of the engagements that occurred between 
the Confederate and Federal armies and navies. 1805. 

22. Report of the United Confederate Veterans' Historical Commit- 
tee, seventh annual Reunion, Nashville, Tenn., June 22. 23, 24, 1897. 

23. Minutes of the Third Annual Meeting and Reunion of the United 
Confederate Veterans. New Orleans, La., April 8 & 9, 1892.^ 

24. Minutes of the Seventh Annual Meeting and Reunion of the 



176 Mississippi Historical Society. 

United Confederate Veterans. Nashville, Tenn. June 22, 23 and 24, 
1897. 

25. Minutes of the Eighth Annual Meeting and Reunion of the United 
Confederate Veterans. Atlanta, Ga. July 20, 21 & 23, 1898. 

26. Minutes of the Ninth Annual Meeting and Reunion of the United 
Confederate Veterans. Charleston, S. C. May 10, 11, 12, 13, 1899. 

27. Historical material furnished by officers of the Illinois Central 
Railroad Co. (13 titles. See Report on Railroads for list of same.) 

28. Various biographical sketches, in manuscript, mentioned in this 
Report under the heading, "Manuscripts, Papers and Documents in 
Private Hands." 

29. Constitution and roll of members of the Gulf States' Jersey Cattle 
Breeders' Association. 

30. Papers furnished by Miss Nellie Wailes, Atlanta, Ga., regarding 
the life and times of Gen. Levin Wailes. 

Pamphlets, Books, Newspapers, Etc. 

The Society receives regularly the Publications of the Texas 
Historical Society, the Alabama Historical Society, the Wis- 
consin Historical Society, the Southern History Association 
and other historical organizations in exchange for its Publica- 
tions. In addition to these a few of the numerous pamphlets 
and books which have been recently collected by the Society 
are here given. They are as follows : 

Address of A. C. Holt, on the Policy of Secession (i860). 
Presented by Mr. A. H. Stone, of Greenville, Miss. 

Brief biographical sketches (newspaper clippings from The 
Carolina Spartan, of July 29 and Aug. 26, 1885,) of Col. John 
Thomas, Jane Thomas, Josiah Culberson, Wm. D. Culverson, 
James Meek, Capt. Mayfield, and Maria Cunningham; also a 
sketch of "The Olden Times," all written by the late Wm. T. 
Lewis and presented by him to the Historical Society. 

Phi Sigma Magazine (University Mississippi), volume II., 
No. 5, Feb., 1857. Mississippi University Magazine, Volume 
I., Nos. I. and III., April and June, 1857. Collection of Alma- 
nacs. Presented by Col. Isaac Newton, of Mt. Carmel, Miss. 

Collection of Almanacs and Manuscripts. Presented by Mrs. 
P. H. Roach, of Vicksburg, Miss. 

Battle of Iuka, and Battle of Corinth (two pamphlets). Pre- 
sented by G. W. Dudley, of Iuka, Miss. 

Speech of Hon. J. Z. George on the Financial Question 
(1895), and speech of Hon. L. Q. C. Lamar on the Policy of the 
Republican Party, etc., (1876). Presented by Thomas M. 
Owen, of Montgomery, Ala. 



Mississippi Historical Society. 177 

Origin and Progress of the Vicksburg Troubles (1874). Pre- 
sented by Edward Mayes, of Jackson, Miss. 

Hughes' Treaties on Sociology (1854). Presented by A. C. 
Wharton, of Union Church, Miss. 

Daniel's Recollections of a Rebel Surgeon (1899). Presented 
by Dr. F. E. Daniel, of Austin, Texas. 

Stratton Genealogy. Presented by Rev. J. B. Stratton, of 
Natchez, Miss. 

Historical Sketch of Chickasaw County (28 manuscript 
pages) by Judge T. N. Martin. Presented by his grandson, Mr. 
W. O. Pruitt. 

Centennial History of Winston County (324 manuscript 
pages) by William T. Lewis. Presented by the author. 

Historical Sketch of Lee County, by Dr. Patton. Presented 
by Mr. T. J. Hood. 

Rules and Regulations for the Government of the Gulf and 
Ship Island Railroad Company (1859). Presented by Col. 
Isaac Newton. 

Chronicle of the Eire-Eaters. Presented by Hon. Edward 
Mayes. 

Fulkerson's Early Days in Mississippi (1885), and collection 
of miscellaneous pamphlets. Presented by Mr. Jas. W. Garner. 

The following newspapers and periodicals were presented to 

the Mississippi Historical Society by Col. Isaac Newton, of 

Mount Carmel, Miss. : 

Southern Journal for June, 1848; Port Gibson Correspondent for June 
5, 1847; Weekly Mississippian for November 13, 1861; True Witness for 
May 11, 1854; Eastern Clarion for February 19, 1853; Weekly Flag of 
the Union for January 16, 1856; The Clarion for April 9, 1889; Southern 
Star for Nov. 23, 1852; Sea Coast Democrat for March 2, 1859; Af- 
fleck's Southern Rural Almanac for 1851; Ibid for 1852; Mississippi 
Planter's Alamanac for 1851; Mississippi Union Magazine for Feb., 
1857; Ibid for April, 1857; Ibid for June, 1857; True Baptist for April, 
1854; Ibid for June, 1854. 

Museum. 

The following relics will be found in the Museum of the 
Historical Society: 

Elint and Pottery from Taylor's Depot, July 14, 1891. 
Pottery, bones, etc., from the Beach and Shell Mounds at West 
Pascagoula. Pottery, bones, etc., from Deer Island. Shells, 
etc., from the different points on the Gulf Coast. Presented 
by William Rice Sims. 



178 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Achappi Stone and Indian Tomahawk. Presented by Wil- 
liam T. Lewis. 

Knife and Fork from the Confederate Ship, "Alabama," and 
Knife from the Confederate Ship, "Florida." These relics were 
bought at an auction sale in Mobile in the '6o's by Mr. Ohleyer, 
whose son, Mr. E. H. Ohleyer, of Brandon, Miss., presented 
them to the Society, July 28, 1890. 

French Colonial Coin (1722), found on the site of an old In- 
dian Village. Presented by Mr. H. S. Halbert, of Lucile, Miss. 

Three Indian Implements, found eight miles east of Hebron 

in Lawrence county, Miss., and presented by Col. Isaac New- 
ton. 

Three Indian Implements, found about two miles east of 
Hebron, Miss. Presented by Mr. S. J. Myers. 

Bryant's Poems, which formerly belonged to S. S. Prentiss. 
It contains his autograph and was presented by his grandson, 
S. S. Prentiss, Jr., of New Orleans. 

Purse and Gold Pencil, formerly used by S. S. Prestiss. Pre- 
sented by his grandson, Mr. S. S. Prentiss, Jr. 

Indian Pipe, found near Pearl River in Lawrence county; 
Indian Implement for dressing skins. Presented by Dr. J. R. 
Berry, of Columbia, Miss. 

Two Jasper Ornaments, found about one mile east of He- 
bron, Miss., The rest of this collection, consisting of a large 
number of ornaments was sent to the Smithsonian Institution. 
These ornaments are rare (see article by Chan. R. B. Fulton, 
on Prehistoric Jasper Ornaments in Mississippi in the Publica- 
tions of the Mississippi Historical Society, Volume I). Pre- 
sented by Mr. J. D. Hutchins, of Hebron, Miss. 

Regalia, Hermean Literary Society of the University of Mis- 
sissippi (1861). Presented by Judge Chas. Howry, of Wash- 
ington, D. C. 

A supposed Confederate Epaulette, evidently home made. 
Name of donor unknown. 

Arrow Points from near Hebron, Miss. Presented by Dr. 
Franklin L. Riley. 

Crayon Sketch of a celebrated Indian Mound on the Planta- 
tion of Capt. Will Hunt, near Winterville, Bolivar county. 
Drawn and presented by Mr. J. E. Edmunds. 

Indian Ornament. Presented bv Chas. Ritz. 



Mississippi Historical Society. 179 

A box of rare coins (16 in number). Presented by Mrs. 
L. M. Hunt, of the University of Mississippi. 

A large collection of "Shinplaster" currency, Confederate 
money, stamps, tax receipts, etc. 

Ames' Collection. 

In July, 1900, Gen Adelbert Ames, of Lowell, Massachusetts, 
presented to the Historical Society his valuable manuscripts 
relating to the period during which he was connected with the 
history of the State. It is difficult to give a complete calendar 
of these papers in this connection. The most important of 
them are as follows : 

Report of A. T. Morgan, of Yazoo City, Miss., Sheriff of 
Yazoo county, relative to the breaking up of a Republican 
meetirig on Sept. 1, 1875, and subsequent action of white 
leaguers. Dated Sept. 24, 1875. 51 pages. 

Extract from testimony taken before the committee of the 
House of Representatives on the subject of the impeachment 
of Gov. Ames. Dated 1876. 120 pages. 

Personal letter from Gen. Ames to Attorney General Pierre- 
pont, thanking him for sending Mr. Chase, who succeeded in 
averting a bloody conflict in Mississippi. October 16, 1875. 
4 pages. . J 

A letter from Edward Pierrepont to Gen. Ames expressing 
gratification at the course pursued by the latter. October 25, 

1875- 

Copy of telegram from J. D. Veitmer to Gen. George rela- 
tive to the driving out of J. J. Smith. Port Gibson, Miss., Oct. 
29, 1875. 

Letter from Peter Crosby resigning the office of sheriff of 
Warren county. Oct. 28, 1875. 

An interview with Gen. Ames as published in the New 
York Times (1876) by James Ridpath. 

Recommendations of J. D. Barton, of Lee county, for Chan- 
cellor of the Eighth District. (1874.) 

Personal letter from A. G. Packer to Gen. Ames relative to 
the appointments by Gov. Davis, etc., July 17, 1874. 

Letter from A. G. Packer to Gov. Ames. July 17, 1874. 

Letter from Mrs. C. S. Lee, pertaining to the death of Chas. 
N. Chilton, killed during the Clinton Riot. Sept. 15, 1875. 



180 Mississippi Historical Society. 

A miscellaneous collection of manuscripts relative to the Clin- 
ton Riot. 

Letter from J. D. Barton to Gov. Ames. Feb. 9, 1875. 

Letter from J. D. Barton to Gov. Ames. Mar. 7, 1874. 

Communication from the Republican State Ex. Committee 
relative to "peace agreement between Gov. Ames and a com- 
mittee of citizens." 

Opinion of George E. Harris relative to the power to with- 
draw names sent up for confirmation before they are acted 
upon. 

Opinion of G. E. Harris, July 6, 1874, relative to the appoint- 
ment of Chancellors. 

Names of sureties on the bonds of M. L. Holland as Treas- 
urer of the State. 

Report of Col. A. T. Morgan to Gov. Ames, entitled the 
"War in Yazoo County." (Newspaper clippings.) 

Copy of telegram from T. N. Harrison. Subject stated as 
follows : "All quiet at Byram though there were some grounds 
for alarm." Sept. 7, 1875. 

Letters from Ames to Pres. Grant asking if the President's 
proclamation of December, 1874, is still in force, etc. Sept. 7, 

1875- 

N. B. Nabers, Holly Springs. Declining the position of su- 
perintendent of State penitentiary. Jan. 30, 1874. 

J. J. Dennis, Meridian. Acceptation and thanks for second 
appointment of Chancellor. July 31, 1874. 

John T. Moseley, Hernando. Congratulates Governor on 
removal of J. F. Simmons, chancellor, etc. Aug. 3, 1874. 

Detailed statement of the account of W. M. Connor, tax col- 
lector. 

Joshua Stephens. Report on delinquency of W. M. Connor. 
Aug. 3, 1875. 

W. M. Connor, Macon. Protest against report of county 
treasurer; is not a defaulter. Aug. 5, 1875. 

W. H. Gibbs, Jackson. Statement of sheriff Connor's ac- 
count. Aug. 10, 1875. 

Joshua Stevens, Macon. Delinquency of Connor (statement 
enclosed). Aug. 16, 1875. 

Isham Stewart, Macon. Thinks Connor an honest man, etc. 
Aug. 19, 1875. 



Mississippi Historical Society. 181 

Henry B. Whitefield, Columbus. "Thinks Sheriff Connor 
all right; that he is being persecuted." Aug. 20, 1875. 

H. L. Jarnigan, Macon. Engaged to bring suit against Con- 
nor, etc. Oct. 5, 1875. 

W. M. Connor, Macon. Case cannot be heard this term of 
court. Ready to settle his account at any time. Oct. 7, 1875. 

W. M. Connor, Macon. Does not know with whom to set- 
tle; is ready, etc. Oct. 7, 1875. 

J. B. Allgood, Macon. Thinks Connor not sincere in his 
desire to settle, etc. Oct. 11, 1875. 

H. L. Jarnigan, Macon. In regard to continuing case 
against Connor and two bills of indictment for perjury against 
J. B. Allgood. Oct. 18, 1875. 

Grand Jury reports, Noxubee county. Oct. term, 1875. 

T. J. Cavett, Macon. Detailed account of attempt to settle 
with county treasurer for year 1874 on account of W. M. Con- 
nor, sheriff, etc. Jan. 27, 1876. 

W. M. Connor, Macon. Attempt to settle with county treas- 
urer in 1874. Cavett's affidavit (2 enclosures). Jan. 27, 1876. 

T. J. Reed, Macon. Statement of what he knows of the va- 
rious attempts of Connor to make his settlement. Jan. 27, 
1876. 

Brig. Gen. C. C. Augur, New Orleans. Copy of telegram. 
"He cannot interfere with troops without order from President, 
etc." Sept. 5, 1875. 

Gen. C. C. Augur, San Antonio, Tex. Copy of telegram. 
Commanding officers of posts in Mississippi to hold troops in 
readiness to suppress disorders. Directs Capt. Gentry to go 
to Jackson. Oct. 29, 1875. 

Correspondence between Gen. Adelbert Ames and Pres. E. 
Benjamin Andrews concerning certain statements made by the 
latter relative to the administration of the former while Gover- 
nor of Mississippi. (9 title.) 

This collection also contains copies of one hundred and forty- 
four communications with enclosures. They are here given 
in the order in which they were arranged by the copyist as is 
indicated by the numbers on the covers. 

No. 1. From N. B. Blackman, Jasper county. Griffin Bender says 
that his party (Dem.) is going to carry the election by violence. Dated 
Oct. 16, 1875. 



1 82 Mississippi Historical Society. 

No. 2. From Isaac Jones, Columbus. Compelled to sign election re- 
turns by mob; many voters did not get chance to vote, etc., etc. Nov. 
7, i875. 

No. 3. From W. F. Simonton, Shannon. Information relative to Ku 
Kluk operations. Sept. 13, 1875. 

No. 4. From H. M. Williams, Verona. "General terrorism and in- 
timidation." Oct. 31, 1875. 

No. 5. From H. B. Whitfield, Columbus. The election, "a monstrous 
fraud," suggests calling the Legislature together in extra session. 
Nov. 4, 1875. 

No. 6. From W. H. Lewis, Columbus. Intimidation of voters 
throughout the county, et cetera. Oct. 22, 1875. 

No. 7. W. F. Simonton, Shannon. Wants to be furnished with the 
"necessary" in order to make a trip to Washington to represent the 
condition of the country. Sept. 5, 1875. 

No. 8. L. F. Brittine, Meridian. The Democrats have received two 
cannons, for the purpose of intimidating negroes. Sept. 7, 1875. 

No. 9. W. F. Connell, Mayben. The election carried by Democratic 
intimidation; suggests the employment of a detective; colored people 
very much excited. Nov. 7, 1875. 

No. 10. W. W. Chisolm, De Kalb. Election conducted by force on 
part of Democrats, etc. Nov. 3, 1875. 

No. 11. W. F. Simonton, Shannon. Ku Kluxism thriving; must have 
troops; courts are prostituted, etc. Sept. 12, 1875. 

No. 12. T. H. Little, Aberdeen. Troops wanted at election for several 
counties in the East. Oct. 27, 1875. 

No. 13. D. H. Spratt, Port Gibson. Wants to know if Mike Johnson 
was pardoned; Ku Klux affairs in said county (an enclosure from H. S. 
Smith). Sept. 6, 1875. 

No. 14. Andrew Spratt and others, Claiborne county. The intimida- 
tions of the Republicans fully set forth. Received Nov. 1, 1875. 

No. 15. W. F. Simonton, Shannon. Suggests the organization of State 
militia. Sept. 17, i875- 

No. 16. W F. Simonton, Shannon. Relative to elections. Oct. 16, 

1875. 

No. 17. H. B. Whitfield, Columbus. Too much excitement "to have 
a semblance of fair election," etc. Oct. 29, 1875. 

No. 18. William Canley, Hernando. _ Wishes to know whether the 
colored people are to have any protection, etc. Oct. 9, 1875. 

No. 19. R. A. Simmons, Pickens, to J. Tarbell. Misdoings of white 
leaguers, etc. Oct. 26, 1875. 

No. 20. Edmund Watkins, Hernando. Intimidation of colored voters. 
Nov. 7, 1875. 

No. 21. A. Parker, sheriff, Liberty. "All sorts of tricks resorted to 
by the blood-letting good and moral Democracy," etc. Oct. 24, 1875. 

No. 22. Citizens of Amite county, Liberty. Petition asking to be al- 
lowed to organize for protection, etc. Oct. 23, 1875. 

No. 23. W. H. Dodson, Corinth. Fraud and intimidation in late 
election, etc., etc. Nov. 10, 1875. 

No. 24. W. H. Jones, Hazlehurst. Notification that the white people 
of said town received three boxes of guns and several boxes of pistols.' 
Sept. 10, 1875. 

No. 25. Mrs. A. F. Hoffa, Jackson. Appeal for aid to enable her to 
reach Philadelphia. Husband killed in his own house by an armed body 
of white leaguers. Sept. 15, 1875. 

No. 26. Lewis McGee, Bolton. White people are looking for him; 
wants protection. Oct. 13, 1875. 

No. 27. J. W. Longstreet, Lexington. His life and that of three other 
persons had been threatened, etc. Oct. 21, 1875. 



Mississippi Historical Society. 183 

No. 28. Reuben Hendrecks, Jackson. Deprived of his right to citizen- 
ship. Dec. 7, 1875. 

No. 29. H. H. Harrington, West Point. The political situation; 
thinks troops must be furnished. Sept. 11, 1875. 

No. 30. W. I. Willing, Crystal Springs. If intimidation will not suf- 
fice, worse means will be adopted. Sept. 10 and 14, 1875. 

No. 31. W. H. Williams, Bolton. Desires his brother to remain in 
Jackson; white men say that the negroes who went to Jackson shall 
never return, etc., Oct. 14, 1875. 

No. 32. R. A. Simmons, Pickens. Intimidation and threats. Oct. 27, 
i87S. 

No. 33. Not in collection. 

No. 34. H. W. Lewis, Columbus. Politics at fever heat; assassination 
and bloodshed openly encouraged, etc. Troops would act like magic, 
even a corporal's guard. Oct. 29, 1875. 

No. 35. A. L. Scott and others, Jackson. Want to petition General 
government for a redress of grievances. Sept. 16, 1875. 

No. 36. W. F. Simonton, Shannon. Setting forth a personal assault 
by the sheriff, etc. Oct. 15, 1875. 

No. 37. R. J. Catchings, Hazlehurst. Thinks Republicans can carry 
county by a large majority with fair election, etc. Oct. 7, 1875 . 

No. 38. John T. Harrington, West Point. City has been in a moder- 
ate riot for forty-eight hours; Republicans warned to leave by armed 
men, etc. Oct. 29, 1875. 

No. 39. Mrs. Fred. W. Mills, Berkely Place. Wishes attention paid 
to her grievances, etc. May 7, 1875. 

No. 40. Henry Mayson, Dry Grove. Information that many white 
men from Copiah county were riding through his district on Sunday 
following the Clinton Riot. Sept. 4, 1875. 

No. 41. A. Parker, of Amite county to H. K. Bruce, Washington. 
Account of election troubles in Amite county. Jan. 6, 1876. 

No. 42. Wm. D. Frazee, Okolona. Statement of political affairs prior 
to and on day of election. Jan. 26, 1876. 

No. 43. W. H. Harvey, Jackson. Report on Clinton Riot; appeal for 
aid. Sept. 6, 1875. 

No. 44. Anonymous, Vicksburg. Expression of fear and alarm. Sept. 
18, 1875. 

No. 45. Anonymous, Vicksburg. White leaguers say they have no 
idea of carrying election by votes but by blood, etc. Sept. 18, 13, 1875. 

No. 46. J. M. Longstreet, Yazoo county. Political affairs. Oct. 21, 

l8 75- 

No. 47. O. A. Esquiral, Jackson. Affairs in Yazoo county just pre- 
vious to election in 1875. Oct. 28, 1875. 

No. 48. J. G. Sparrow, Edwards. Requesting that all violators of law 
in late disturbances be brought to trial and punishment. Sept. 23, 1875. 

No. 49. John P. Adams, Vicksburg. Information in regard to design 
of white leaguers. Aug. 10, 1875. 

No. 50. Thomas R. Knowland, Warrenton. Democratic programme, 
etc. Oct. 7, 1875. 

No. 51. I. M. Childs, Terry. "Bring to trial and punishment all par- 
ties engaged in late disturbances in Hinds county." Sept. 24, 1875. 

No. 52. A Parker, Liberty. Application for requisitions, etc.; Ku 
Klux troubles. Sept. 17, 1875. 

No. 53. H. W. Wilkinson, Bay St. Louis. "His southern heart is 
fired in behalf of his northern ally." Sept. 8, 1875. 

No. 54. Republican mass meeting, Jackson. Resolutions putting little 
faith in the late peace conference. Oct. 30, 1875. 

No. 55. E. M. Stiles, Port Gibson. Election troubles in Claiborne 
county. Oct. 30, 1875. 



184 Mississippi Historical Society. 

No. 56. A. L. Scott, Edwards. The disturbed condition of the col- 
ored people. Sept. 20, 1875. 

No. 57. Republican Executive Committee of Hinds county, Jackson. 
Peace agreement believed to be held in contempt by the majority of 
Democrats. Oct. 29, 1875. 

No. 58. Abraham B. Burvis, Vicksburg. Racial disturbances in War- 
ren county. Oct. 13, 1875. 

No. 59. Anonymous, Vicksburg. Pertaining to the Clinton Riot. 
Sept. 6, 1875. 

No. 60. H. Cassidy, Liberty. Excitement along the Louisiana line in 
Amite county. Sept. 29, 1875. 

No. 61. H. Cassidy, Jr., Brookhaven. Regarding appointment of Dis- 
trict Attorney and resignation as Chancellor. Feb. 11, 1876. 

No. 62. John Brown, Friars Point. Personal grievances. Oct. 26, 
1875. 

No. 63. A. L. Scott, Edwards, Miss. Selects appointment as captain 
of military company. Sept. 23, 1875. 

No. 64. W. T. Martin, Pine Grove. Saw squads of armed men scout- 
ing on various roads. Received Sept. 9, 1875. 

No. 65. C. A. Sullivan, Starkville. Affidavit in regard to appointment 
of Chancellor (2 enclosures). Feb. 24, 1876. 

No. 66. W. W. Dedrick, Jackson. Affidavit with reference to racial 
disturbances. Feb. 16, 1876. 

No. 67. James W. Lee, Aberdeen. Election disturbances. Oct. 26, 1875. 

No. 68. J. W. Lee, Aberdeen. Reiterates his statement with refer- 
ence to election; wants United States soldiers. Oct. 28, 1875. 

No. 69. Henry C. Niles, Kosciusko. Threats made to H. W. Warren. 
Oct. 21, 1875. 

No. 70. R. J. Temple, Vicksburg. Regarding the capture of five cases 
of guns which were snipped to Gen. Packer at Jackson. Yazoo City 
trouble. Sept. 2, 1875. 

No. 71. A. T. Morgan (Yazoo City). Wants the report of the insur- 
rection in Yazoo published. Sept. 30, 1875. 

No. 72. Q. A. Esquiral, Jackson. Affidavit that a reign of terror exists 
in Kemper county. Nov. 1, 1875. 

No. 73. John E. Meek, Aberdeen. Will report names of Democrats 
guilty of intimidating voters. Nov. 1, 1875. 

No. 74 Chas. W. Clark, Greenville. Political prospects in Washing- 
ton county (1 enclosure). Sept. 16, 1875. 

No. 75. Peter Crosby, Vicksburg. A fourth of July meeting broken 
up. July 5, 1875. 

No. 76. William A. Alcorn, Charleston, Miss. Particulars about po- 
litical affairs in Tallahatchie county. Sept. 15, 1875. 

No. 77. Anon., Winona. Some negroes want to go to Africa. Nov. 

3, 1875. 

No. 78. Wm. A. Alcorn, Charleston. Does not wish to organize mili- 
tia in his county. Sept. 27, 1875. 

No. 79. E. C. Walker, Macon. "Defending the word 'consideration.' " 
Sept. 5, i875- 

No. 80. J. B. Algood, Macon. Political conditions in Noxubee county. 
Sept. 12, 1875. 

No. 81. Polk McNair, pres., and Joseph Owen, sec. Colored Republi- 
can League of Simpson county, Westville. "Desire authority under his 
Excellency's hand and seal to hold their meetings." Sept. 26, 1875. 

No. 82. E. C. Walker, Macon. Asks the Governor to check the Ku 
Klux. Aug. 26, 1875. 

No. 83. Anon., Canton. Organization of military companies, etc. 
Oct. 28, 1875. 

No. 84. Henry B. Whitfield, Macon. The military situation in Noxu- 
bee county. Oct. 8, 1875. 



Mississippi Historical Society. 185 

No. 85. The Republicans of Noxubee county, Macon. Election griev- 
ances. Nov. 3, 1875. 

No. 86. T. J. Reed, Macon. Enclosing a letter from W. M. Connor. 
Wants general conference of the Republicans of the State and suggests 
calling an extra session of Legislature to declare late election void, etc. 
Nov. 5 and 6, 1875. 

No. 87. Anon., Aberdeen. Race troubles in Monroe county. Oct. 
23, 1875. 

No. 88. H. M. Settler and others, Aberdeen. Petition for United 
States troops. Oct. 7, 1875. 

No. 89. Wm. B. Avery, Charlestown. Thinks the feeling of Demo- 
crats better than in 1869, etc. Sept. 16, 1875. 

No. 90. Anon., Vicksburg. Democrats will not allow colored militia 
to organize, etc. Oct. 13, 1875. 

No. 91. E. Hill, Vicksburg, Parties having registration books refuse 
to deliver them to registrar, etc. Oct. 2, 1875. 

No. 92. Houston Burris, Yazoo City. Wants to have election con- 
tested (1 enclosure). Nov. 1, 1875. 

No. 93. N. G. Gill, Holly Springs. Wants United States troops. Im- 
politic to convene the Legislature. Oct. 11, 1875. 

No. 94. W. M. Calcote, Jackson. Armed men threaten his life. He 
took to the woods, etc. Oct. 28, 1875. 

No. 95. J. D. McAuliffe, Natchez. Ku Klux grievances. Certain par- 
ties offer to prosecute the clan, if they can have protection. Nov. 27, 
1875. 

No. 96. George H. Chase, to Attorney-General Pierrepont, Washing- 
ton, D. C. Impossible to have fair election without Federal troops. 
Oct. 27, 1875. 
No. 97. John E. Meek, Aberdeen. Election grievances. Nov. 2, 1875. 
No. 98. James W. Lee, Aberdeen. Election grievances. Nov. 2, 1875. 
No. 99. S. W. Gere. Cold Water. Suggests sending troops to De Soto 
county. Oct. 15, 1875. 

No. 100. Three hundred voters, Vicksburg. Republicans not allowed 
to hold meetings. Sept. 14, 1875. 

No. 101. Wm. B. Avery, Garner. Attempted illegal registration. Re- 
sisted by sheriff. Sept. 14, 1875. 

No. 102. John G. Owen, Hillsboro. Wants instructions how to pre- 
vent carrying election by force. Nov. 4, 1875. 

No. 103. J. G. Owen, Hillsboro. Addressed to Tarbell. Democrats 
carrying three boxes by force. Oct. 17, 1875. 

No. 104. A. P. Merrill, Natchez. Family driven from home, planta- 
tion taken by colored employers. Oct. 9. 1875. 

No. 105. A. T. Morgan, Jackson. Troubles in Yazoo county. Oct. 
14, 1875- 

No. 106. A. Parker, Liberty. Ku Klux troubles. Wants reward of- 
fered for apprehension of John Jackson and Stephen Sargent, etc. 
Sept. 19, 1875. 

No. 107. Jackson. Resolutions of Republican caucus of the Missis- 
sippi Legislature endorsing Gov. Ames. Jan. 10, 1876. 

No. 108. John Brown, Friars Point. Board of Supervisors have met 
to declare his office (sheriff) vacant. Life threatened. Alcorn says 
"I shall not be sheriff." Oct. 24, 1875. 

No. 109. Wade Walker, Jackson. Ku Klux operation, etc. Oct. 
18, 1875. 

No. no. A. T. Morgan, Yazoo City. Gossips. Feb. 5, 1875. 
No. in. J. P. Matthews, Hazlehurst. Affidavit in relation to Ku Klux 
outrages, contemplated. (2 enclosures). Sept. 13. 1875. 

No. 112. W. F. Fitzgerald, Jackson. Statement in regard to # inter- 
view of H. R. Pease by a reporter for the Washington Republican in 
Oct., 1874. (1 enclosure). Feb. 12, 1875. 



1 86 Mississippi Historical Society. 

No. 113. D. D. Pratt, Nashville, Tenn. Statement in regard to re- 
moval of B. B. Eggleston, as collector of internal revenue. (1 enclo- 
sure). Nov. 17, 1873. 

No. 114. J. B. Deason, Brookhaven. Affidavit in relation to resigna- 
tion of district attorney. (2 enclosures). Jan. 6. 1876. 

No. 115. John E. Meek, Aberdeen. Democrats determined election by- 
force. Oct. 22, 1875. 

No. 116. W. M. Calcote, Jackson. Election grievances. Nov. 5, 1875. 

No. 117. E. J. Ryan, Greenville. Intimidation in Washington county. 
Sept. 29, 1875. 

No. 118. Hiram Johnson, Jackson. Tickets taken from them while 
being distributed. Nov. 3, 1875. 

No. 119. Monk Joseph, Vernon. Shooting into the house of a promi- 
nent Republican, etc. Jan. 6, 1876. 

No. 120. Telegrams. John Brown, Helena, Ark. Three telegrams. 
Oct. 6 and 7, 1875. 

No. 121. Wm. H. Connor, Macon. P. H. Green driven from the 
county by armed white men. Dec. 25, 1875. 

No. 122. P. H. Green, Macon. Driven from home and office by armed 
white leaders. Nov. 22, 1875. 

No. 123. Citizens, Canton. Petition to his excellency to inform the 
President of the U. S. of the warlike attitude of white leaders, etc. 
Received Sept. 3, 1875. 

No. 124. Statement of Willis M. Calcote, a political refugee from 
Yazoo county. Oct. 25, 1875. 

No. 125. W. H. Bolton, Greenville. Names of parties leading in the 
conspiracy against Republicans, etc. (1 enclosure). Nov. 1, 1875. 

No. 126. James Lee, Aberdeen. Political disturbances in Monroe 
county. Oct. 23, 1875. 

No. 127. W. A. Morgan, Yazoo City. Buckley takes possession of 
sheriff's office. Sept. 9, 1875. 

No. 128. E. B. B., I. McM., K. K. K., etc., Port Gibson. "Send out 
your negro troops and Gatlin guns, and we will wipe them (white 
leaguers) from the face of the earth, which they disgrace." June, 1875. 

No. 129. E. Lindsey, Lodi. Negroes demoralized. Wish to colonize, 
etc. Dec. 6, 1875. 

No. 130. Wm. Gray, Greenville, Miss. Affidavits of three parties as 
to conduct of election in Washington county. Feb. 10, 1876. 

No. 131. A. M. Harlem, Yazoo City. Telegram. Oct. 26, 1875. 

No. 132. W. M. Connor, Macon. County lost by intimidation. Nov. 

3, 1875. 

No. 133. Missing. 

No. 134. Julius Allen, Jackson. Condition in Yazoo county. Oct. 
26, 1875. 

No. 135. Anon. Political troubles. 

No. 136. W. T. Bennett (?) and others, Bonna Beat No. 4. Want 
protection so that they may register and vote. Sept. 14, 1875. 

No. 137. John Brown, Helena, Ark. Telegram. Oct. 8, 1875. 

No. 138. Henry R. Smith to the Republicans of Madison county. 
Agreement on a compromise ticket. 

No. 139. Statement of Thos. H. Winston, who went to Yazoo county 
to deliver Republican tickets. Nov. 3, 1875. 

No. 140. A. T. Morgan, Yazoo City. Political disturbances in Yazoo 
county. Sept. 1, 1875. 

No. 141. Copy of resolutions passed at a Republican caucus. Jan. 
17, 1876, in regard to vote for U. S. Senator, etc. 

No. 142. J. B. Allgood, Macon. Troubles between Republicans and 
Democrats. "Democrats left court house and came to our meeting, in- 
sult upon insult was offered." Oct. 30, 1875. 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



187 



No. 143. Julius Allen, Jackson. Troubles in Yazoo county. Oct. 28, 

1875. 
No. 144. James Lee, Aberdeen. Intimidation at election. Feb. 7, 1876. 

The official letters written by Gen. Ames, while he was Gov- 
ernor of the State are contained in four folio volumes. These 
books are marked "A," "B," "C," and "D." The names of the 
parties addressed with the page where each communication 
may be found is here given. 

Book A. 

This volume extends from March 28, 1874, to Aug. 22, 1874, 
and contains 695 pages of letters. The names of the parties ad- 
dressed on the following pages are illegible : 256, 257, 259, 260, 
263, 268, 270, 338. The following pages of this book have 
been torn out: 481, 482, 483, and 537. Its table of contents is 
as follows : 



Folio. 

Allyn, Major, U. S. A., 15 

Avery, W. B., Hon., 18 

Albright, G. W., 59, 126 

Albyn, J. B., 445 

Ames, Hon. A., 623, 525 

626, 693, 694, 695 

Abbott, Hon. L. C, 643 

Bridges, E. P., 34 

Bradey, R., 92 

Bruce, B. K., 99, 267, 384 

Brown, J. W., 269 

Bell, C. S., 150, 440 

Berry, P. F., 153 

Brown, J. R., Gov. Tenn., .... 176 
Bottom, Wm. H., ... 184-185, 392 

Butler, B. F., 202, 667 

Bradley, D. R., 210 

Barton, J. D., . .219, 251, 303, 376, 

578, 589, 619, 658 

Buck, Jno. W., 284 

Burgett, H. L., 298 

Boulden, Hon. J. F., 320, 620 

Breck, Wm., Hon 382 

Belknap, W. W., Hon., 397, 

398, 544, 545, 546 

Barry, Hon. H. W 403 

Barksdale, W. R., Hon., 417 

Brown, J. E., 427 

Byrd, L. G., 433 

Banks, James O., 43$, 557 

Bridges, W. B., 5*4 

Barkley, J. E., . 522, 548, 549, 555 

Beck, R. F., 536 

Barrett, Fred., 55° 

Brock, W. D., 604 



Folio. 

Blarkman, Henry, 612 

British Consul at N. O., 622 

Bishop, W. M., 646 

Boon, B. B., Hon., 662 

Charles, George, Hon., 19 

Crosby, Peter, 21 

Chalmer, H. H., 29, 524 

Cullens, C, Hon., 33 

Circular to Sheriff, 45 

Cardoza, F. W., 54, 453 

Claiborne, T. H., 71 

Champlain, H. N., 79 

Chalness, J. R., 80 

Carpendir, S. S., 84 

Chander, G. C, 93, 265 

Cesson, J. D., 107, 347 

Clarke C. W., Hon., 108, 

178, 113, 344 
Committee for Catfish Pt., . . 254 
Connor, Wm. M., . . . 201, 477, 548 
Cardoza, Hon. T. W., 121, 161, 231 

Curtis, P., 156 

Cowan, E., 156 

Clives, L. T., 182 

Clark, P. H. ; 272 

Crooker, Jno. A., 306 

Clark, Chas., Genl., 342 

Coffee, D. P., Hon., 357, 471 

Cassidy, Christopher, 383 

Craft, Heber, 394 

Campbell, M., Hon., 412, 

625, 627, 629 

Cobb, K. R 415 

Crawford, Geo., 458, 575 

Christian, Thos., Hon., . . 459, 574 



188 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



Folio. 

Cameron, Hugh A., 47g 

Carter, J. L., Dr., 4&> 

Cassidy and Stockdale, 49A 

509, 5ii 
Coffee and Holloway, . . . 495, 553 

Crismond, Jno. B., 50J 

Carroll, Wm., 5™ 

Chilton, R. H., Dr., 556 

Crawford, Dan'l, 575 

Cummings, F. G., 596 

Clark, Wm. A., 611 

Caldwell, W. A. F., 677 

Dunaway, C. W., 47 

Davis, A. K., 166, 411, 540 

(90-91 apptd Ch'm overflow 
Com). 

Dennis, J. J., 250, 461, 577 

Douglass, Fred., 273 

Deason, J. B. ; 353, 421, 4§7 

Dismukes and Cooper, 435 

Dean, A., 502 

Dillard, Geo. G., 559 

Davis, N. A., 59o 

Donald, Mrs. L. W., 597 

Diver, J. Paul, 614 

Dunaway, C. W.,. 625 

Davis, Orlando, Hon., 631 

Dillard, Jas. E., 634 

Douglass, S. A., 651 

Emory, W. H., Gen'l, 26 

Eskridge, B. R., 32 

Evans, Daniel 37, 603 

Emory U. S. A., 52 

Evans, S., 73 

Edwards, W. W., 222 

Edwards, G. W 443 

Edwards, Geo. C 464 

Evans, J. J., 510, 520, 689 

Evans and Campbell 628 

Ford, W. C, Hon., 36 

Fate. J. W., 66 

Fullwan, C. A., 100 

Fant and Barksdale, 191, 194 

Foster, A. H 204 

Frazer. Wm. D., 248 

French. E. B., 281 

Fairchild, Jas., Flon 358 

Fairchild, E. H., Hon 36 

Featherston, Harris & Wat- 
son, 442, 479 

Faulkner. W. C, 534 

French, Wm., 547 

Governor of New Jersey, .... 27 

Gilmer, J. P., 30 

Gill, M. G., 60, 124 

Garrett. H. A., 68 

Gill, J. G., 70, 638 

Green, S., 72 

Gadshaw, C, 76 



Folio. 

Greffen, H. C, 90 

Gibbs, W. H., . . 164, 290, 315, 452 

Gleed, R., 214, 242 

Gray, Wm., 221, 324, 661 

Garland, W. H., 262 

Grafton, Thos., 308 

Gertsman, Rev. S., 370 

Gillispie, W. H., 377, 663 

Graham, T. B., Hon., 446 

Gordon, Lawrence, , 502 

Gowan, T. R., Hon., .... 529, 571 

Grant, U. S., 538, 

539, 56i, 562, 599 

Hyatt, H. S., 38 

Howard, M., 42, 148, 

171, 237, 378, 669, 
670, 671, 672, 673 

Howe, M. C, 44 

Harris, G. E., 55, 195, 122, 

162, 232, 366, 485 

Hill, James, 56, 120, 163, 

175, 177, 190, 192, 
233, 239, 240, 241, 
289, 311, 312, 313, 
323, 330, 337, 339. 
341, 362, 381, 407, 
409, 410, 414, 422, 
450, 451, 460, 467, 
468, 469, 470, 498, 
513, 528, 531, 537, 
541, 542, 563, 567, 
568, 569, 570, 581, 
582, 585, 587, 588, 
601, 615, 622, 640, 
642, 644, 684, 685 

Harding, H. J., 57, 125, 211 

Hatch, E. P., 61, 127, 309 

Hill, J. H 65 

Howe, C. W., 81 

Hough, J. D., S7V2, 132 

Howe, A. R., 116, 375, 404 

Hancock, Wm. M., 139, 653, 654 

Harrison, R. T., 247 

Howe. W. W., 152 

Hall, Henry, 155 

Hunt, Thos. W., 140 

Hillman. H. H., 140 

Holland, Geo. H., . . 144, 165, 575 

Fluggins. A. P., 505, 223, 388 

Hall, P. C, .- 213 

Handy, E 225 

Huggins, E. Clarence, 305 

Holman. D. A., 363 

Harper, J. P 368 

Henderson, W. G.. Hon., .... 391 

Holloway. R. F., Hon., 393 

Harnev. W. H 456 

Hall, Frederick, 462 

Heiway, F. C, 480 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



iS9 



Folio. 

Hollman, E. E., 491 

Hoskins, Oscar, 500 

Hill, Lass, 501 

Holland, D. C, 514 

Holland, M. M., 515 

Holland, J. W., 516 

Hutto, Aaron, 517, 674 

Hall, Evans, 564 

Harris, Chas. N., 593 

Heiderhoff, Frank, 595, 626 

Inspector Penitentiary, . . 301, 335 

Ireland, S. J., 385, 580 

Jackson, I. Thos., 35 

Johson, J. H., 64, 123 

Jones, Henry, 149 

Johnson, Jas. S., 374 

Johnson, W., 575 

Kenner, Duncan F., 117, 

413, 423, 465, 466 

Kells, Wm, 198 

Kellogg, Wm. Pitt, . 288, 333, 649 

Kennedy, D. J., 292 

Hoke, Gov., Texas, 543 

Knowlson, John, 657 

Longhudge, R. H., 41, 282 

Lee, B. A., 50, 275, 346 

Lynch, W. H., 62, 371 

Langston, J, W, 271 

Lipsey, E. J., 157 

Lee, Chas. B., 179, 180 

Lewis, H. W., 299 

Lynch, J. R., Hon., 302, 

310, 314, 338, 340, 
355, 401, 584, 644 

Lindsay, Miss Bettie, 356 

Little, F. H., Hon., 361, 449, 683 

Lamar, L. Q. C, Hon., 400 

Lonery, Sam'l, 660 

Levee, Overflow, 90-91 

Musgrove, H. Hon., 30 

Mayor of Jackson, 70 

Montgomery, J. J., 48 

Mackey, L. W., 53 

Morgan, A. T., 83 

,, , „r r* ~ l6 °' l8 3> 345, 637 

Maple, W. S. S., 103 

Marten, H. T., 112, 197, 352 

Mavor. Lee, 114 

McClure. H. B., 86, 133, 360, 551 

Murry, C. M.. Mrs., 218 

Moore, W. W., 209 

Mitchell, Isaiah, 131,89 

Morgan. C. E., 186 

Miller. Chas. C, 138 

Mullen, J. P., 143 

Martin, R. J., 196 

Moseley, Robt., 216, 220, 506 

Meekin. S. S., 236 

Mullen, Wm., 238 



Folio. 

McMillan, G. S. s 246 

Mosely, John T., 252, 277 

McMunville, Lem., 279 

McBryde, Jno. A., 304 

McGee. Thos., 307 

Morris, J. S., Hon., 327, 

33i, 486, 552 

McLeod, J. C, 354 

Manning, M. J., .... 365, 478, 633 

McLeod, Hugh, 373 

McKee, Geo. C, Hon., 399 

McLaurin, Col., 408 

Mitchell, Littleton, 473 

McDowall, Ira, 499, 610, "676 

McCoombs, Thos., 503 

Mitchell, Dan'l, 517, 678 

McCarey, Wm., 540 

McKinney, M. G., 586 

Mayor of Natchez, 613 

McHenry, E. A. J 650 

Muzzey, L. W., 668 

Mitchell, T. J., M. D., 681 

McClellan, Ely, 682 

Nabers, B. D., Hon., 20 

Novnan, Wm., 77, 167, 188, 

215, 380, 426, 428, 
444, 448, 455, 463, 
484, 492, 494,. 497, 
52i, 535, 553, 554, 
616, 621, 652, 692 

Noble, W. H„ „.„.... 82, 

105, 128, 349, 384 

Nugent, N. L., 85, 130 

Niles, Jason, Hon., 405 

Nowlin, David, 500 

Orr, J. A., Hon., 168, 208, 220, 437 

Owen, J. R 217, 227, 229 

Osbarn. S. C, 679 

Orr and Whitfield, 688 

Overflow Committee, 90-91 

Pilot Publishing Co., 14, 

24, 74, 46, 173, 
430, 432, 436, 44i, 
474- 504, 525, 550, 
556, 602, 690, 691 

Packer, H. G., Hon 17 

Penitentiary, Miss. State, 67 

Pease, H. R.. . . 97, 216, 321, 402 

Peyton, W. B., 249 

Pierce, Jas. H., 137, 3ig 

Parmlee, W., 243 

Powers, R. C, 145 

Piles, J. H., 172, 212', 318 

Pitts, J. R. L 180 

Porter, Fitz John, 261 

Power. J. L., 274 

Pickens. Tas. W., 20-? 

Price, Wm., Hon., " 369 

Pierson, Rev., 4I g 



igo 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



Folio. 

Pierson, R. V., 418, 420 

Parker, A., 475, 493, 647, 680 

Pollard, G. W., 499 

Parker, W. H., Hon., 609 

Parker, J. M. G., 626 

Pollock, W. A., 666 

Revels, H. R., Hon., .... 31, 583 
Raymond, G. N., ... 102, 230, 350 

Redus, D. T., 205 

Rodger, Geo., 332 

Rabun, Jno. H., 43* 

Reynolds, A. E., Hon., . . 533, 572 

Roane, A. T., Hon., 641 

Sheriff of Yazoo City, 6 

Sheriff of Montgomery, 7 

Sheriff of Lowndes, 9 

Sheriff of Madison, 13 

Sylvester I. H., 22 

Sheriff of Lauderdale Co., .... 23 
Sheriff of Covington Co., .... 25 

Steele, Charles E., 28 

Sheriff Hinds Co., 69 

Stout, LB., 39 

Sheriff of Hinds Co., 69 

Smith, J. J., 98, 257, 457 

Sulaman, M., 104 

Sullivan, Capt. J. C, 119, 

135, 174, 185, 207, 
230, 234, 235, 296, 
297, 300, 322, 326, 
367, 419, 406 

Secretary of War, 278 

Stone, R. B., 147, 576, 607, 608 

Smith, J. Spenser, 151 

Stiles, E. H., 159, 193 

Spencer, Hon. Geo., U. S. S., 200 

Sappington, H. J., 280 

Sullivan, M. B., 364 

Seward, E. R., 387 

Stone, J. M., Hon., 434, 635, 636 

Shelton, F. H., 476 

Stafford, E. P., 523 

Simmons, J. F., Hon., 530, 542, 573 

Scarborough, S. R. L., 560 

Secretary U. S. Treasury, .... 594 
Stewart, Adam, 600 



Folio. 

Simes, W. M., 606 

Scruggs, Pope, 617 

Sullivan, C. A., Hon., . . . 624, 645 

Sheriff Rankin Co., 630 

Smuthers, Joseph, Hon., 655, 656 

Short, Joseph, 686 

Tuttle, L., Jr., 40 

Telegram, 63 

Thomas, H. R., 101 

Taylor, W. A., 264 

Tate, T. S., .... 295, 627, 628, 629 

Tindall, M. A., Hon., 389 

Taylor, Bentonville, 496 

Thompson, Vic. M., 591 

Tracy, J. W., 618 

Whitfield, H. B., 8, 187, 189, 291, 

379, 429, 447, 454 

Waddel, LA., 10 

Waddell, W. E., 51 

Willf ord, J. D., 78 

Whipple, T. H., 88 

Wofford, J. S., 94, 224 

Wilkson, H. W., 95 

Waddell, V. B., 96, 351 

Williams, John, 134 

Westbrook, C. P., 142 

Worth, F. H., 

West, O. F., 146 

Whitfield, O. H., 181, 592 

Williams, E. Judge, 285 

Wilborn, M. B., 286, 287 

Warren, H. W., Hon., . . 316, 579 

Willing, Mrs. W. J., 334 

Waters, Rev. J. C, 386 

Washington, W. H., 425 

Wofford, L. M., 489 

West, Geo., 503 

Walker, W. L. G., 605 

Woodson, Carter, Philips & 

Nelson, 628 

Weeks, E. B., 639 

Willston, Ed. B., 645 

Walton, Thos. Hon., 659 

Were, James, 675 

Yerger, Geo. S., 228 

Yerger, Aleck, 439 



Book B. 

This volume extends from Aug. 25, 1874, to Jan. 1, 1875, and 
contains 390 pages of letters. Its table of contents is as follows : 



Folio. 

Ashe, S. S., 42, 43 

Boulder, J. F., 17 

Brasher, Robt., 20 

Birchfield, M., 46 

Bell., Jo., Gen'l, 51 



Folio. 

Brookshire, Mrs. L., 59 

Bridges, U. B., 69, 79, 130 

Buchanan, Geo. M., 72, 123 

Brown, Jno., 73. 95 

Boone, D. B., Hon., no 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



191 



Folio. 

Brown, Leroy S., 121 

Bruce, B. K., Hon., 126 

Bishop, J. N., 133 

Cunningham, W. Ben., 10 

Clark, W. C, Hon., 22 

Curlee, W. P., 37 

Curry, Wm., 39 

Cessor, J. D., Hon., 45 

Chilton, R. R., 67 

Cassedy, H., Jr., 83, 97 

Cavett, J. R., 91 

Chandler, G. C, Hon., 116 

Cowan, E., 115 

Davis, William, 12 

Deason, J. B., 29, 33, 113 

Dogan, W. L., 30 

Early, E. V., 16 

Ellis, J. M., 38 

Emory, H. C, 58 

French, L., 40 

Featherston, Harris & Wat- 
son, 56, 74 

Feemster, J. S., 57 

Florey, H. T., in 

Fitzpatrick, P., 117 

Fisher, E. S., 141 

Hill, James, Sec. State, 127, 

128, 129, 136, 137, 

139, 146, 3, 7, 8, 

26, 32, 78, 105, 125 

Harris, Wm. H., 18 

Holmes, R., 21 

Harrington, H. H., 23 

Holly, L. B., 41 

Heiderhoff, Frank, 44 

Howard, Wm, Hon., .... 48, 138 

Harris, T. M., 53 

Hicks, J. J., 54, 62 

Harris, Thos. M., 66, 76 

Hendricks, H. D., 89 

Harris, Geo. E., Hon., 97 

Hoggins, Cecil R., 119 

Gibbs, W. H., 5 

Garvin, R. N., n 

Gayles, G. W., 99 

Garland, Mary, Mrs., 144 

Gore, F. M., 124 

Gray, Wm., Hon., 144 

Griffin, Joel R., 147 

Grant, U. S., 345, 349 

Jarvis, L., 82 



Folio. 

Kennedy, David, 61 

Kellogg, W. P., Gov., 134 

Lewis, F. G., 13 

Lacy, R. S. and F. P., 149 

Lamar and Mays, 109 

Little, F. H., Hon., ...' 112 

Leachman, Robt., Hon., 143 

Mitchell, C. B., 27 

McGill, Jno., Hon., 52 

McBryde, I. A., 63,64 

Meeks, G. E., 70 

Miso and Miso, 81 

Mills, J. H. and C, 87 

McCarey, Wm., 102 

Morgan, A. T., Hon., ... 106, 142 

Mosely, Jno. T., Hon., .' 118 

McClure, H. B., Hon., 120 

Martin, H. T., 122 

McLeod, J. C, 131 

Noonan, Wm., Supt. Miss. 

Pen'y, 1, 

6, 31, 35, 36, 

60, 68, 71, 75, 

XT . ' „ A 84, 85, 94, 149' 

Nicholetts, G. A.. 25 

Potts, Geo. L., Hon., 50 

Pilot Publishing Co., .... 86, 105 

Patty, J. W., 92 

Pierce, J. H., Hon., 151 

Rhodes, Christopher, 4 

Rigby, Thos., 65 

Ramsay, E. M., 98, 100 

Randolph, Jno. W., 145 

Scott, Arnold, 9 

Smuthers, Joseph, 15 

Shackleford, C. C, Hon., .... 22 

Smylie, Wm., Hon., 29 

Stone, J. H., 49 

Sessions and Cassedy, 55 

Sheriff of Lincoln Co., 80 

Stafford, E. O., 88 

Steele, Geo. P., 101 

Simonton, W. F., 107 

Stricklin, W. T., Capt, 132 

Spear, A., 135 

Spight, Thos., Hon., 151 

Thompson, S. M., 93, 148 

Whitfield, Hon. H. B., . . 2, 19 

Winslow, O., 47 

Waddell, V. B., 140 

Williams, Hon. J. M. P., 150 



Book C. 

This volume extends from Jan. 1, 1875, to July 26, 1875, and 
contains 943 pages of letters. The correspondence of Lieut. 
Gov. A. K. Davis, extends from page 745 to 918. The table of 
contents of this volume is as follows : 



13 



192 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



Folio. 

Aden, W. K, 10 

Alcorn, Hon. J. L.,. . 82, 497, 498 

Avery, W. B., 222 

Albright, E. A., 298 

Athy, P. R., 354 

Ames, J. G., 747 

Alcorn Co., Sheriff, 785 

Athy, P. R., 803, 822 

Ames, Charles B., 828 

Alexander, A. M., 847 

Ammond T. W. H., 459 

Alexander, J. J., 543 

Aylward, Robert, 57* 

Adams, T. W., 606 

Ames, A., 670 

Boyd, R., 12 

Barton, J. D., 649, 13 

Bell, S. C, 14. 

Beacham, D. C, 19 

Bell, Rice, 19 

Brown, L. L., 454, 52 

Boulden, Rev. J., 61 

Barry, Hon. W. H., 488, 79 

Bartlett, E. C, 96 

Barton. J. D., 113 

Bush, Dan. W., 121 

Barksdale, W. R., 41 

Burch, J. A., 154 

Brown, G. F., 158 

Bantlett, E. P., 159 

Bynum. J. M., 517, 453, 185 

Boyd, R., 235 

Barton, J. D., 240 

Bliss, E. R 258 

Brown, G. F., 685, 259 

Bridges, N. B., 246, 697 

Bland, E. D., 305 

Boulden, F. J., 307 

Brown, J 332 

Bunyard, W. S., 360 

Brown, J., 365 

Bingham, J. A., 368 

Bruce, B. K., 371 

Bankley, J. E., 372 

Benson, S. P., 399 

Bolivar Co., Sheriff, 781 

Brooks, H. H., 783 

Black, Edward G., 791 

Brownlee, Mark, 818 

Buchanan, G. M., 820 

Brownlee, M. A., 833 

Booker, Elisha, 862 

Blount, A. C, 879 

Brooks, S., 436 

Belcher, Edwin, 45& 

Bickerstaff, Henry, 549% 

Berkley, T. E 523 

Belknap, W. W., Sec. War.,.. 547 
Bruce, B. K., 476, 485 



Folio. 

Bench, S. V., 552 

Bentheim, V., 607 

Bradford, W. D., 613 

Brougher, C. A., 630, 631 

Billingsby, S., 643 

Boone, B. B., . . 655, 701, 702, 732 

Bartley, I. Jenner, 692 

Baldwin, G. A., 708 

Baggett, W. P., 710 

Bennett, J. G., 727 

Biglane, Thomas, 899 

Bryant, Jesse, 900 

Bartley, T. W., 921, 922, 923 

Badenhasen, J. T., 716 

Chancellors appointed, 2 

Campbell, J. N., 12 

Carlisle, J. N., 450, 11 

Calkins, H. C, 2.1 

Cullins, Hon. C, 46 

Conger, Hon. A. D., 67-72 

Conger, Hon. O. D., 73 

Crosby, Peter, 75, 76 

Carter, Dr., 88 

Compton, Dr. W. M., 89 

Chandler, Hon. G. G., 97, 478, 669 

Carlisle, I. N., 101 

Campbell, C. H., in 

Cowan, E., 130 

Cunningham, W. B., 178 

Caldwell, C, 182 

Cunningham, W. B., 191 

Champlin, W. A., 206 

Campbell, J. N., 217 

Campbell, C. H., 223 

Cardoza, T. W., 233, 

„ r r 519, 533, 55o, 576 

Compton, W. M., 238 

Colton & Co., 250 

Crocken, J. A., 255 

Crocken, J. A., 261 

Cardoza, T. W., 309 

Colton & Co., 318 

Cohehley, Rev. J., 330 

Carodine, J. W., 333 

Crowder, C. C, 344 

Compton, M., 359 

Connell, W. F., 374 

9 aVy 't S -A ] r 375 

Crawtord, Geo., 745 

Copiaih Co., Sheriff, 751 

Coke, Richard, Gov. Texas, . . 766 

Chalmers & Reid, 793 

Collins, F. W., 795 

Cline, L. J 827, 841, 897 

Claiborne Co., Sheriff, 831 

Chandler, W. B., 435 

Campbell, M., 449 

Clemens, C. P., 463 

Chisholm, W. W., . . 473, 521, 544 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



193 



Folio. 

Clover, F. A., 494, 538, 598 

Clark, C. W., 501, 502, 507, 

556, 582, 724, 737 

Clarke, M. A., 548 

Chauncey, Charles, 561 

Cassidy, H. H., Jr., 585, 699 

Cass, C. L. C, 037, 597 

Cook, Thomas, 653 

Carrady, H., 656 

Clark, B. F., 664 

Castle, Fred., 688 

Covingtori Co., Sheriff, 894 

Dismukes & Cooper, 65 

Davis, Hon. O., 9°, 99 

Deason, Col. J. B., 584, 119 

Davis, O., 169 

Dodd, J. S., 219 

Deverness, J., 239 

Davis, O., 660, 267, 658 

Dubard, A. G., 756 

Doss, J. H., 824 

Davis, O., 821, 625 

Dodson, W. H., 843, 475, 485 

Dowsing, Jeremiah, 858, 870 

Douglass, Thomas G., 869 

Dent, Mrs. Annie, 445 

Dent, A. J., 455 

Dodson, W. S., 520 

Dod, A. F., 574 

Deason, W. M., 559 

Diggs, Rev. C, 645 

Draughn, A. D., 691 

Davis, W. B., 908 

Dennis, J. J., 12 

Davis, Hon. O., 62 

Easterling, W. B., 186 

Edmonds, P. G., Jr., 776 

Evans, J. J., 448 

Edmonds, Geo. F., 469 

Ewing, Sokey, 581 

Ezzell, J. T., 644 

Feemster, R., M. D., 164 

Furniss, W. H., 180 

Fisher, E. S., 248, 

526, 569, 596, 618 

French, L., 763, 611, 633 

Fountaine, Chas. H., 771 

Foote, W. H., 825 

Frisby, S. Clark, 860 

Fant, J. T., 465 

French, O. C, 492 

Foster, A. H., 556 

Francis, M. W., 587 

Flournay, R. W., 58^ 

Frazier, A., 000 

Farlow, G. W., 706 

Foley, H. M., 723 

Fitzgerald, W. F., 733 

Grant, U. S., 1 



Folio. 

Graves, Joseph, 95 

Green, J. and T., 98 

Graham, F. B., 230 

Gleed, R., 243 

Gray, Wm, 892, 480, 350 

Green & Pickens, . . 842, 895, 9*8 

Grant, William, 862 

Griggs, Richard, 882, 583 



Gilmer, J. P., 



885, 

671, 482, 535, 639 
489 



601 
902 
909 
932 
5 
7 
18 
20 
3i 
35 
63 
85 
94 
.. . 100 
. . . 107 
. . . 12a 
125, 414 
• .. 151 
162 

183 



536, 



616, 



Gordon, J. F., 

Gastville, H. M., 

Green, P. H., 

Gamble, Tip, 

Govan, G. M., 

Howe, A. R., 

Hester, J. G., 

Harris, H. H., 

Holland, D. F., 

Holland, D. C, 

Hunt, E. G., 

Head, Capt., 

Howe, Hon. A. R., 

Huggins, E. C, 

Head, Capt. Geo. E., ... 

Hunt, E. G., 

Holmes, D. L., 

Hillaird, M. B., 

Huggins, — . — ., 

Harris, G. E., . . 684, 156, 730 

Hamilton, T. O., 

Holmes & Co., 193 

Hannayan, I. R., 226 

Hudson, C, 245 

Harris, G. E., 266 

Hannayan, I. R., 293 

Harper Bros., 306 

Harris, Geo. E., 925, 312, 314 

Hobson, L., 348 

Harris, S. B., 376 

Hill, James, Sec. State, . 750, 765, 
772, 779, 792, 798, 
799, 808, 810, 816, 
832, 836, 838, 846, 
848, 850, 851, 857, 
865, 866, 868, 881, 
884, 887, 890, 891 

Hill, James, Notice to 

App'ts in Tallahatchie, 29 

Leave of Absence to Pey- 
ton, 32 

App'ts in Madison Co., .... 37 
App'ts in Sumner Co., . . 39, 40 
App'ts to various offices, 42, 43 
App'ts in Neshoba Co., .... 47 
App'ts in Lauderdale Co., . . 56 
App'ts in Lowndes Co., .... 64 
App'ts in Coahoma Co., .... 66 
App'ts in Bolivar Co., 92 



194 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



Folio. 
App'ts in Wilkinson Co., . . 117 

App'ts in Tate, 120 

Inter-Ocean, 3 X 4 

Hemphill, J. B., 461 

Henderson, W. G., 47* 

Hill, E., 490, 608, 719 

Hunt, H. P., 529 

Hazen, Z. H., 524 

Holmes, M. M., 53* 

Holmes, D. H., 623, 624 

Humphries, Arnold & Jordan, 694 

Hicks, W. C, 696, 029 

Holman, J. L., 713 

Highgate, W. B., 715 

Hoover, R. B., 721 

Hamilton, J. S., 9 12 

Hancock, W. M., 700 

Hiller, Mrs. Geo., 755 

Haynie, Mrs. H., 794 

Holloway, R. F., 815, 904 

House of Representatives, 
Notices to 

Returns H. B. No. 601, 103 

Veto H. B. No. 587, 104-106 

Harris, Geo. E., .... 839. 470, 512 
Hd. Qrs. Dept. of the Gulf, . . 851 

Houston, R. W., 882 

Harney, W. H., 885 

House of Rep., 4. 

102, 103, 104, 105 
106, 126, 127, 128 
135, 136, 152, 208 
209, 213, 276, 280 
321, 322, 361, 362 
377, 385, 388, 389 
390, 395, 406, 4o8 : 
415, 416, 418, 419 

HeiderhofT, F., 431 

Hasie, Geo. E., 446 

Hunt, R. C., 447 

Hudgins, H. H., 456 

Hill, James, Sec. State, 2, 18, 19, 20, 

22, 29, 32, 37, 

39, 40, 42, 43, 

47, 56, 64, 66, 

92, 117, 120, 155, 

170, 171, 175, 179, 

188, 189, 205, 207, 

215, 220, 228, 229, 

232, 244, 247, 252, 

253, 257, 265, 272, 

292, 294, 302, 308, 

300, 311, 320, 326, 

327, 335, 340, 341, 

347, 349, 2,66, 369, 

384, 387, 396. 400, 

403, 407, 413, 426, 

427, 428, 429, 443, 

444, 452, 462, 479, 



Folio. 
484, 486, 495, 496, 
510, 511, 513, 527, 
537, 540, 54i, 557, 
566, 568, 579, 586, 
602, 603, 614, 617, 
620, 621, 638, 650, 
662, 666, 667, 672, 
677, 679, 680, 729, 
735, 740, 742, 903, 
906, 914, 924 

Inge & Inge, 871 

Jones, E. P., 153 

Jones, B. F., 141 

Jones, Geo., 279 

Johnson, S. M., 299 

Jarvis, Lee, 504, 797 

Johnson, William, 889 

Johnson, David, 425, 553 

Jones, C. C, 467, 9*7 

Jones, W. F., 481 

Jones, O. H. P., 506 

Johnson, A. C., 534 

Jamison, Mrs. J. T., 545 

Johnson, W. F., 573 

Jones, A. H., 612 

Johnson, J. H., 636 

Jonas, M. J., 736 

Kelly, Mrs. J. A., 237 

Kellogg, W T m. P., Gov. of 

La., 786 

Knight, Newton, ... 757, 491, 615 

Knox, J. J., 933 

Lynch, Mrs. M. M., 33 

Lynch, Hon. J. R., . . 689, 718, 34 

Lamar, Hon. L. Q. C., 83 

Lea, Dr., 87 

Leachman, R. E., 678, 15 

Lucas, O., 234 

Lloyd & Co., 468, 249 

Lee, O. S., 355 

Lowndes Co., Sheriff, 752 

Lafayette Co., Sheriff, 768 

Lincoln, C. P., 777, 632 

Lowell, A. O., 849 

Little, F. H., 487 

Lee, J. W., 528 

Loverin, H. B., 543 

Lewis, H. W., 464, 474 

Lyons & Patterson, 562 

Leavins, J. W., 604 

Loughridge, W. J., 915 

Lyons, T. C, 920 

Lacey, H. B., 738 

Moore, W. M., 8 

Manning, M. J., 16 

McGinnis, Jno 50 

McKee, Hon. Geo. C, 80 

Mosley, R. J., 138, 646 

Miller, R. N., 139 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



195 



Folio. 

Morgan, A. T., 236 

Modon, T., 242 

Montgomery, J. S., 268 

McNeil, J. A., 297 

Murlgh, W. J., 303 

Murry, R., 316 

Mitchell, M. E. H., . . . . , 328 

Milsaps, N., 334 

Mendenhall, J. S., 343 

McCauley, D. L., 817 

Moody, D.> P., 835 

McCoy, Frank, 880 

Mahan, Capt., 423 

Madon, Thomas, 440 

Mygatt, A., 442 

Moore, J. D., 451 

Mullins, J. P., 460 

Mabry, L. W., 509 

McMichael, E. H., 539 

Murphy, J. G., 549 

Meeks, Robert, 563 

Metts, M. A., 594 

Martin, H. K., 034 

Marchand, H. C, 652 

McMillan, J. W., 057 

McGehee, J. M 661 

Mills, Mrs. F. W., 665 

McMilla, G. S., 668, 711, 728 

Moody, R., 681 

Millsaps, 731 

Magee, E., 898 

Niles, Hon. Jason, 84 

Norman, William, . . 157, 619, 187 

Nailers, N. B., 211 

Noonan, Wm,, 357 

Noxubee Co., Sheriff, 767, 775, 8co 

Nickson, Charlie, 813 

Nabors, B. D., 826 

Nebhurah, Rev. H., 554 

Newton, F. V., 693 

Oliver, S., 177 

Orr, J. A., 610, 296 483, 518, 

525, 641, 676, 683, 
712, 726, 311, 331 

Owen, Andrew, 875 

Ormand H. B., 439 

Pierce, J. H., . . 38, 516, 577, 589 

Pease, Hon. H. R., 81 

Parlmer, B., 212 

P. M. at New Orleans, 269 

Packer, A. G., 364 

Parlmer, B., 373 

Pilot Pub. Company, . . . 753, 770. 

784, 802, 819, 837, 

852, 867, 873, 896, 

905, 911 

Parker, N. B., 759 

Phillips, Alex., 761 

Price, Wm., 778, 595 



Folio. 

Pierce, J. H., 773 

Penitentiary Board of In- 

spec, 7&7, 788, 789 

Patton, Joseph, 854 

Peery, Madison, 860 

Pierce, A. G„ 861 

Parham, James, 878 

Perkins, J. B., 438 

Phillips, W. H, 505 

Pifferling, Benj., 591 

Power, J. L., 628, 629 

Page, George, 707 

Philips, W. W., 720 

Peyton, E. A., 739 

Pickens, J. W., 910 

Porter, Jesse B., 913 

Quinn, D. N., 893 

Roan, A. T., 17 

Ramsey, L. P., 108 

Rollins, R., 160, 271 

Raymond, L. B., 345 

Redus, L. W., 522, 367 

Rice, H. A., 812 

Randolph, J. A 807 

Representatives, House of, 
Notices to 

Returns H. B. No. 601, 103 

Veto H. B., No. 587, ■ • ■ 104-106 

Rice, H. A., 764, 901 

Ross, J. Allen, 859 

Reynolds, A. E., 877 

Rainey, W. G., 590 

Rowland, A. J., 592 

Russell, W. H. H., 659 

Redus, L. W., 725 

Rhodes, Travis, 934 

Shackleford, G. C, 6 

Stone. R. B., 704, 14 

Sanders, T. J., 30 

c "nniton, W. L., 60 

°V- 'an. Gen 78 

Shackleford, C. C, 91 

Simiton, W. F., 433, 441, 466, 141 

Stewart, I., 145 

Stone, J. M. ? 149 

Stewart, J. D., 190 

Sizer, H. E., 192 

Smith, J. J., 221 

Stiles, E. H., 224 

Staton & Myers, 231 

►Stewart, I., 251 

Soule, Thomas & Wentworth, 260 

Sheridan, P. H 270 

Simonton, W. F., . . 647, 352, 315 

Sanders, W. E., 317 

Spellman, J. J., 356 

Snow, M 358 

Sullivan, M. B., 370 

Shattuck, A. A., 749 



196 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



Folio. 

Supt. Penitentiary, 754 

769, 774, 674, 780, 
782, 81 1, 830, 872, 
874, 876, 926 

Smith, T. H., 834 

Scott, H. P., 709, 

840, 686, 698, 703 

Shaughnessy, M., 850 

Senate Messages to 
State Hospital, Natchez, ... 23 
Report of Pardons, . . 25, 26, 27 
App'ts needing confirma- 
tion, 44, 45 

App't for Supr. for Neshoba, 48 
Withdraws the name of E. 

Hardy, 57 

Transmits name of Wm. 

Gray, 58 

Accepts Res. of J. D. Bar- 
ton, 114 

Vetoes Senate Bill, .... 403, 113 
Transmits Report of Levee 

Com., 118 

Stagg, Benj., 657 

Smith, J. R., 663 

Stites, Dr., '673 

Strippleman, F. E., 674 

Stewart, A. P., 675 

Stewart, J. E., 705 

Smith, G. C, 622 

Smith, H. L., 640 

Sullivan, C. A., 593, 635, 931 

Sickel, A. G., 572 

Shadd, I. D., 530 

Sullivan, M. B., 532 

Smiley, J. H., 515 

Smith, J. J., 499, 500 

St. Armant, E. B., 472 

Strider, W. A., 758 

Smith, Giles, 762 

Smith, Flarrison, 806 

Shadd, A. D., 861 

Sneed, Nathaniel, 888, 477 

Sands, T. I., 457 

Steele, P., 43, 437 

Sessions, F., 734 

Senate, 3, 4, 23, 24, 25, 26, 

28, 44, 45, 48, 

57, 58, 114, 115, 

116, 118, 132, 134, 

144, 146, 147, 148, 

163-6, 167-168, 172, 

174, 194, 195-6, 197, 

198, 203, 204, 214, 

256, 281, 283, 284, 

288, 291, 295, 313, 

319, 336, 337, 339, 

34i, 385, 386, 397, 



Folio. 
398, 402, 410, 411, 
412, 421, 422, 930 

Tate, Hon. S. T., 109, 112 

Tuttle, M. H., 225 

Thomas, Wm., 227 

Thomas, J. V., 748 

Tyler, Robert, 790 

Todd, W. R., 796 

Tuttle, L., 801, 555 

Thombs, John, 864 

Thomas, Charles, 886 

Thompson, John M., 551 

Thomas, Joseph, 564 

Tarpe, M. H., 567 

Thomas W. C, 570 

Throup, D. H., 575 

U. S. Commanding Oft'r. 

Vicksburg, 845 

Vance, E., 300 

Van Beek, Barnard & Co., . . 401 

Vashon, George, 430 

Virden, A., 626, 627 

Van Eaton, H. S., 6S7 

Wofford, J. L., . . . . . 9, 424, 546 

Williams, J. S., 49 

Wilson, L. E., 59 

White, W. C, 74 

Warner, Hon. A., 86 

Warren County, .... 123, 124, 77 

Warner, A., 129 

Wilkinson, J. B., 131 

Womble, W. H., ... 181 

Watts, D., 186 

Wilson, L. H., 218 

Walden, C. C, 241 

Weeks, E. B., 338 

Wilson, L. PL, 346 

Warner, A., 351 

Williams, Benj., 746 

Wells, London, 760 

Williams, E. F., 804 

Walter, Richard, 814 

Weisinger, Henry, 823 

Welch, Henderson, 829 

Wilkinson, S. D., 844 

Williams, Benj., 853 

Williams, John, 855 

Wilson, S. E., 859 

Webster, John, 863 

Webster. Daniel, 883 

Weeks, E. B., 432 

Whitmore, J. W., 493 

Walker, W. R., 508 

Warren, W. H., 514 

Wines, E. C 609 

West, R. & H., 580 

Woods, T. H 642, 6^4 

Whitfield, H. B., 648, 907 

Waddell, Wm., .. 682 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



197 



Folio. 

Wall, A. L., 690 

Wofford, J. S., 7i4 

Wattleworth, C, 722 

Williams, James, 927 



Folio. 

Warblinger, I. W., 928 

Young, Solomon, 805 

Young, Wm. H., 863 



Book D. 

This volume extends from April 2J, 1874, to March 25, 1876, 
and contains 296 pages of letters. Its contents is as follows : 

Folio. 

Ames, A., Hon., ... 17, 18, 19, 20, 

30, 52, S3, 54, 

55, 56, 57, 58 

Angur, C. C, 158 

Alcorn, R. J., 179 

Allen, Col. Henry, 233 

Avery, R. B., 267 

Butler, B. F., 1, 35, 

no, 128, 141, 173 

Barton, I. D., 3, 232 

Bolton, W. H., 6, 253, 264 

Babcock, Gen'l O. E., 60, 152, 161 

Brown, Leroy S., 79 

Bynum, J. M., 83, 106 

Bennett, Gordon, 130 

Baldwin, C. H., 107, 129 

Bruce, B. K., 177, 202, 208, 

207, 217, 224, 263 

Breck, Wm., 204 

Briston, B. H., 213 

Byington, A. H., 234 

Battles, Mrs. Mary E., 259 

Brien, Livingston, 196 

Blaine, J. G., 241 

Campbell, M., Hon., 4 

Conklin, Roscoe, Hon., 36, 37, 38 

Casey, Peter, et als., 64 

Cowan, Ewing, 94 

Contingent Fund Report, .... 114 

Cunningham, W. B., 147 

Carleton, Chas. A., 126, 270 

Chandler, Z., 181 

Cassidy, H., 189 

Chase, Geo. K., 202, 226, 261, 273 

Coffey, D. P., 203 

Caucus Resolutions, 216 

Campbell, J. N., 210 

Cassidy, H., Jr., 218, 236 

Cavett, J. R 223 

Conner, W. M., 222, 262 

Clover, F. A., 231 

Clarke, Chas. W., 265 

Davis, A. K., Hon., . . 7, 8, 9, 10, 
n, 12, 13, 14, 
15, 16, 61, 62 

Daniels, M. H., 81 

Dennis, J. J., Hon., 82, 83 



Folio. 

Davis, O., 170 

Dorsey, S. W., 98 

Deasion, J. B., 161, 219 

Dowd, W. F., 199 

Duncan, Blanton, 228 

Edwards, Geo. F., 127 

Everett, J. E., 180 

Eggleston, B. B., 190 

French, O. C, Hon., 22 

Foote, Henry S., Hon., .... 74, 

75, 77, 185 

Foote, H. S., 192 

Flournoy, R. W., 212 

Ford, E. A., 238 

Fitzgerald, W. F., 239 

French, E. B., 277 

Grant, U. S., Pres. U. S., ... 34, 
35, 159, 163, 229 

Gilmer, J. P., Hon., 88 

Green, J. and T., 108 

Gilmer, C. D., 135 

Garland, W. H., 191, 268 

Goodfellow, Col. H., 256 

Howe, Hon. A. R., 21, 31, 32, 33, 
w>11 _ __ 59, 66, 6 7 , 78, 157 

Hill, James, Hon., 23, 24 

Huse, Mrs., 80 

Hatch, E. P., Hon., 87, 146, 149 
Harris F. C, 90, 91, 166, 169, 178 

Harper Bros., 133 

Hewson, M. B., 1-24 

Heiderhoff, F.. ... rr ...... ..'. 171 

Harney, W. H., ^5 

Harris, F. C, 178 

Howard, M., jg^ 

Hemphill, J. B., . . . . ' 107 

Hiii, r. a., .;;;;;; 19 % 

Henderson, W. G., 201 

Herren, B. F., \ 2 6o 

Inter-Ocean, 131 

Johnson, Thos. L., . . . . " iy 2 

Jewell, Hon. G. G. W., .....] 211 

Joint Rep. Caucus Resolu., .' ." -16 

Kearns, D. C, ^ 

Lynch, Hon. J. R., ^ ^ 

t • u ur 7 °> 97 > 2I 4,' 257 
Lewis, H. W., 85, 183 



198 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Folio. Folio. 

Lipsey, 266 Resolution of Rep. Com., ... 216 

McBride, Miss Mary ].,.... 84 Raymond, Jno. B., 246, 254 

Mosely, Jno. T., 93 Stone, R. B., 65 

Mullen, A. C, 96 Stewart, W. M., 71,' 72 

Mangan, Thos., in Smith, J. J., Hon., 73, 9- 

Magnire, J. J., 123 Simonton, W. F., 105 

Manahan, J. D., 140 Shattuck, A. P., 142, 157 

Murr, J. H., 144 Smith, H. L., 143 

Morgan, A. T., 165, 220 Spandling, J. P., 174, 175 

McMillan, G. S., 230 Sullivan, C. A., 237 

Munroe, W. H., 255 Webb, N. B., 272 

Noonan, W., 63 Wofford, I. S., 2 

Norton, T. H., 104 Wilson, S. E., Hon., 5 

Nichols, J. H., 182 Williams, G. H., Hon., 40, 41, 42, 

Pease, H. R., Hon., 25, 26, 43, 44, 45, 46, 

27, 28, 29, 240 47, 48, 49, 50, 

Pierce, J. R., 167 51 

Partridge, Wells & Co., 102 Waddell, V. B., 84 

Pierrepont, Edwards, . . . 160, 168 Walden, C. C, 89 

Phelps, W. G., 195 Walton, F., 103 

Parker, J. M. G., . . 227, 235, 256 Washington Rep., 132 

Rep. Ex. Committee, 99 Wheeler, E. F., . . . . 139 

Rives and Bailey, 100 Wilkinson, H. W., 145, 

Rives, Wright, 109 148, 162, 176 

Riggs & Co., 168, 225 Warner, A., 151 

The Ames collection also contains the following pamphlets : 

Inaugural address of Gov. Adelbert Ames to the Mississippi Legisla- 
ture, Jan. 22, 1874. (3 copies.) 

_ Special message of Gov. Adelbert Ames to the Legislature of Missis- 
sippi on the subject of Finance. Feb. 7, 1874. 

Rules of the House and joint rules of both houses, etc., etc. Ses- 
sion of 1874. 

_ Annual message of Gov. Adelbert Ames to the Legislature of Missis- 
sippi, session of 1876. (2 copies.) 

Laws of the State of Mississippi passed by the Legislature in the ses- 
sion of 1876. 

Laws relating to assessment, collection and payment of public reve- 
nues of Mississippi. 1877. 

Impeachment trial of Adelbert Ames. 1876. 

Newspaper clippings pertaining to the impeachment of Gov. Ames. 

Special orders, 4th Military district, 1869. (Appointments and re- 
movals.) 

General orders and circulars. 4th Military district. (Department of 
Mississippi, 1869.) 

Special and General orders. 4th Military district, 1870. 

Mississippi State: University Library. 

The Library of the University of Mississippi contains a larger 
number of books, pamphlets, newspapers and manuscripts, that 
relate to Mississippi history, than does any other library, which 
has come within the scope of the investigations of the His- 
torical Commission. The following is a brief summary of the 
contents of this library: 



Mississippi University Library. 199 

Total number of bound volumes, 19.330 

No. of volumes on history and allied subjects, 1,723 

No. of volumes on history and biography, 715 

No. of volumes on sociology, 412 

No. of volumes on geography and travels, 606 

No. of pamphlets bearing upon Mississippi, Difficult to estimate. 

Portraits. 

Portraits of distinguished Mississippians — Ex-Chancellors 
Mayes, A: B. Longstreet, J. N. Waddell, and A. P. Stewart, 
Gen. Thomas Hinds, S. S. Prentiss, Geo. Frederick Holmes, 
F. A. P. Barnard, Constitutional Convention of 1890. 

The most important books, pamphlets, newspapers and 
manuscripts that relate to Mississippi history are as follows : 

Books. 

Ellicott's Journal (1803). 

American State Papers. (The volumes on Public Lands and Foreign 
Relations are especially valuable to the student of the early history of 
Mississippi.) 

Journal of Lorenzo Dow and of Peggy, his wife (1848). 

French's Historical Collection of Louisiana, 3 volumes (1846). 

French's Historical Memoirs of Louisiana, 1 volume (1853). 

French's Historical Collection of Louisiana and Florida, 1 vol. (1869). 

Gayarre's History of Louisiana, 3 volumes (1854). 

Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory and State. 

Ramsey's Annals of Tennessee (1853). 

Pickett's History of Alabama, 2 volumes (1851). 

Shipp's De Soto and Florida. 

Lowry and McCardle's History of Mississippi (1891). 

Early History of Louisiana. House Mis. Doc. 

Stoddard's Sketches of Louisiana (1812). 

Shea's History of Louisiana (1852). 

Marbois History of Louisiana (1830). 

Davis' Early History of Memphis (1873). 

Flint's History and Geography of the Mississippi Valley. 

Chastellux: Travels in America from 1780 to 1782. 

De Bow's Review. 

Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Ellicott's Journal. 

Forman's Journey down the Mississippi (1789-90). 

Gould's Fifty Years in Mississippi. 

Mayes' History of Education in Mississippi. 

Improvements of the South Pass of Mississippi River. 

Shea's Early Voyages up and down the Mississippi. 

Monette's History, Discovery and Settlement of the Mississippi Val- 
ley, 2 volumes (1846). 

Wallace's Illinois and Louisiana under French Rule (1893). 

Charlevoix History of New France. 

American State Papers (51 volumes, some duplicates). 

Cobb's Mississippi Scenes. 

Baldwin's Flush Times in Mississippi and Alabama. 

Memorial Addresses, &c: E. C. Walthall, United States Senator. 

Memorial Addresses on Life and Character of Hon. James Z. George, 
U. S. Senator. 



20o Mississippi Historical Society. 

Memorial Addresses on Life and Character of Hon. John A. Quit- 
man, U. S. Senator, 1859. 

Mayes' Lucius Q. C. Lamar— His Life, Times, and Speeches. (1896.) 

Thurston's Antiquities of Tennessee and Adjacent States (1890). 

Goodspeed's Memoirs of Mississippi. 

Lynch's Bench and Bar of Mississippi. 

Shield's Life of Prentiss. 

Prentiss' Life of Prentiss. 

Jones' (J. G.) Methodism in Mississippi, Vol. I. 

Wailes' Agriculture and Geology of Mississippi. 

Harper's Geology of Mississippi. 

Hilgard's Geology of Mississippi. 

Journals of the General Assembly of Mississippi from 1817-1831. 
(Volumes for 1818, 1819, and 1824 are missing). 

Davis' (Reuben) Recollections of Mississippi and Mississippians. 

Journal of Mississippi Constitutional Convention (1890). 

Shipp's Hernando De Soto and Florida (1881). 

Campaign of the Civil War, published by Scribner, 13 volumes (1882). 

Davis' (Jefferson), Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, 2 
volumes (1881). 

Reed's (S. R.) Vicksburg Campaign and Battles about Chattanooga 
(1882). 

Aughey's Tupelo (a somewhat farcical, overdrawn and bitter history 
of the period of "Reconstruction" in the South, and especially in Mis- 
sissippi, written from the partisan standpoint of the North). 

Perkins (J. H.) Annals of the West (a concise account of the leading 
events in the Western territories up to 1845). 

Milburn's (William Henry), Pioneers, Preachers and People of the 
Mississippi Valley (i860). 

Fitzgerald's Life of Judge Longstreet (1891). 

Riley's School History of Mississippi (1900). 

Life and Times of Sam Dale (i860). 

Memorials of the Life and Character of Wiley P. Harris (1892). 

Pollard's Life of Jefferson Davis (1869). 

Alfriend's Life of Jefferson Davis (1868). 

Mrs. Davis' Life of Jefferson Davis. 

Pamphlets (Bound). 

Richard S. Spofford on Southern Pacific Railway, with a map showing 
the way of the true Southern Pacific Railway, which, according to this 
author, should run through Mississippi. 

Campbell (Jno. L.) and Ruffner (W. H.) : A Physical Survey extend- 
ing from Atlanta, Ga., across Alabama and Mississippi to the Missis- 
sippi River (1883). Contains a large map of the Richmond and Dan- 
ville system. . „,«■... • , o \ 

George (J. Z.) Defense of the Constitution of Mississippi (1891). 

Pamphlet on the Vicksburg Trouble. . # 

Clayton's (Judge A. M.) Lecture on the Limitations of Estates, de- 
livered before the Law Class of the University of Mississippi (1867). 

Hill (Judge R. A.) Lectures delivered before the Law Class of the 
University of Mississippi upon Jurisprudence and Practice of Federal 
Courts (1878). ' - , _ . ., ,,. . 

Reave's (L. U.) Lectures on the Commercial Destiny of the Missis- 
sippi Valley (1878). t _ ' _ _ , . 

Biographical Sketches of A. B. Longstreet and F. A. P. Barnard in 
University of Mississippi Magazine, volume 21, No. 5- 

Chappell's Miscellanies of Georgia (contains 90 pages on Yazoo 

Testimony in the Impeachment of Adelbert Ames (1877). 



Mississippi University Library. 201 

Hunt's (A. B.) Mississippi: Its Climate, Soil, Productive and Agri- 
cultural Capability, Publication of the United States Department of 
Agriculture (1884). 

Wall's (E.G.) Hand Book of the State of Mississippi (1882). 

Wilson's (J. B.) Hand Book of Yazoo County, Mississippi (1884) 

Mississippi Valley and Ship Island Railroad (1872). 

Wright (Jno. C.) A Paper on Character and Promise of the Country 
on the Southern Border along or near the 32nd parallel, Its adaption 
to the Building and Support of a Railway and why the General Govern- 
ment should grant Aid to Its Construction (1876). 

Brown (Jdhn C.) A letter to the People of the South on the subject 
of the Pacific Railroad (1876). 

Aberdeen Whig, 1839. 

Newspapers {Files Bound). ° 

Advocate and Register (Vicksburg), 1832. 

Albany (N. Y.) Argus, 1837-1841, 1841-1843. 

Attala Register (Kosciusko), Apr.-Oct., 1843. 

Baltimore Sun, Mar. i-Mar. 23, 1887. 

Brandon, Republican, 1837-1838, 1874, 1875-1876. 

Canton Herald, 1837-1838. 

Central Journal (Kosciusko), 1845-1846. 

Central Register, 1839-1849. 

Chickasaw Banner (Pontotoc), 1837-1838. 

Clarion-Ledger (unbound), 1892, 1893, 1894 1895, 1896, 1897, 1898, 
1899, 1900, 1 90 1. 

Clinton Cornet, 1840. 

Clinton Gazette, 1835-1837. 

Columbus Democrat, 1836-1841, 1842-1847. 

Columbus Democrat, Whig, 1843-1844. 

Comet (Jackson), 1879, 1882. 
' Constitution (Atlanta) unbound, 1887-1888, 1891. 

Constitutionalist, 1844-1845. 

Daily American (Nashville, Tenn.) 1887-1888. 

Daily Graphic, July-Dec, 1887. 

Daily Graphic, N. Y., Jan.-June, 1888. 

Daily Pilot (Jackson) Aug.-Dec, 1875. 

Daily Union, 1847. 

Disseminator (Brandon), 1845. 

Dollar Democrat (Oxford), Jan., 1841; Feb., 1846. 

Evening Star (Washington), 1887. (Unbound.) 

Freeman's Journal, 1840-1841. 

Gainsville Advocate, Apr.-May, 1846. 

Guard, 1842- 1846. 

Globe (Washington, D. C), 1843, 1844, J 845. 

Grand Gulf Advertiser, 1835-1839. 

Grenada Herald, 1842-1843. 

Harry of the West, 1844-1846. 

Hernando Press, 1839, 1866-1872. 

Holly Springs Gazette, 1841, 1844-1845, 1846. 

Independent Democrat, 1842-1844. 

Independent Journal (Jackson), Aug.-Oct., 1839. 

Jackson Daily Times, Jan.-June, 1876, 1875. 

JefFersonian (Kosciusko), 1838. 

Kosciusko Chronicle, Jan. -July, 1846. 

1 This list is not strictly accurate, since it does not give the exact 
dates of all of the papers. In some cases there are a few missing num- 
bers within the regular chronological limits indicated. 



202 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Lexington Standard, June-Nov., 1838. 
Liberty Advocate, 1837-1846. 
Louisiana Statesman, 1849. 
Louisville Messenger, July, 1842-Nov., 1843. 
Lynx, 1 845 -1 846. 

Macon Herald, July, 1841-Nov., 1842. 
Macon Intelligencer, 1838-1840, 1841-1842. 
Madisonian (Washington, D. C), 1840-1844. 
Madison Whig Advocate, Jan. 19-26, 1839. 
Marshall County Republican, 1838-1839. 
Memphis Appeal (unbound), 1887-1901. 
Memphis Avalanche, Nov., 1887-July, 1888. 
Mississippian (Vicksburg), 1832. 
Mississippian (Jackson), 1835-1843. 
Mississippi Advertiser, 1842-1847. 
Mississippi Daily Pilot House, 1874-1875. 
Mississippi Democrat (Woodville), 1831, 1845-1847. 
Mississippi Free Trader (Natchez), 1835-1851. 
Mississippi Gazette, 1833. 
Mississippi Pilot (Jackson), 1875. 

Mississippi State Gazette (Jackson), Dec, 1837-Dec, 1838. 
Natchez Courier (Jackson), 1833, 1837-1843. 
Natchez Gazette, Jan.-June, 1842. 
Natchez Semi-Weekly Courier, 1850. 
National Intelligencer (Washington, D. C), 1837-1841. 
New York Herald, 1887- 1901. 
Old Countryman, 1833-1836. 
Old Soldiers (Jackson), Jan. -Feb., 1839. 
Oxford Observer, 1843-1844. 
Pearl River Banner (Monticello), 1837-1838. 
People's Press (Hernando), 1866-1867, 1867-1868. 
Picayune (unbound), 1887-1901. 
Piney Woods Planter, 1838-1839. 

Port Gibson Correspondent, 1839, 1837-1842, 1842-1846. 
Port Gibson Herald, 1842-1846. 
Raymond Gazette, 1845-1847. 
Raymond Times, 1837-1841. 
Richmond Inquirer, 1840-1841. 
Ripley Advertiser, 1843-1846. 
Ripley Transcript, Oct., 1837-Feb., 1838. 
Rodney Standard, 1837. 
Rodney Telegraph, 1839-1840. 
Southern Planter, 1832. 
Southern Pioneer Register, 1844. 
Southern Banner (Holly Springs), 1839-1841. 
Southern Reformer, 1843-1846. 
Southern Star (Gallatin), 1838-1841. 
Southron (Jackson), Dec, 1840-July, 1848. 
Spirit of the Times (Pontotoc), May 1841-Sept., 1842. 
St. Louis Globe Democrat (unbound), 1893-1901. 
Times Democrat (unbound), 1886-1889, 1892-1895, 1900-1901. 
True Democrat, 1845-1847. 
Vicksburg Daily Sentinel. 1839, 1843-1845. 
Vicksburg Times, Apr., 1873-Dec, 1875; Jan.-Apr., 1875. 
Washington Daily Union, 1850. 

Washington (D. C.) Daily Union, 1845-1846, 1850-1851. 
Washington (D. C.) Globe, 1837. „ ^ 

Weekly Clarion (Jackson), 1872; July, 1875-July, 1876; Dec, 1874- 
Nov., 1877. 

Weekly Pilot (Jackson), July, 1872-July, 1873. 



Mississippi University Library. 203 

Woodville Republican, 1826, 1848. 
Yazoo Banner, 1838-1841. 
Yazoo City Whig, 1839-1847. 
Yazoo Democrat, 1844-1847. 

Claiborne Collection. 

The great service which Col. J. F. H. Claiborne has ren- 
dered to Mississippi history is referred to in another part 
of this Report (see infra). Before his death he donated his 
valuable historical collection to the State of Mississippi. On 
March 8, 1882, the Legislature passed an act placing it in the 
custody of the University of Mississippi, 7 where it still remains, 
carefully protected from all injury. The catalogue of this col- 
lection is here given in full : 

Miscellaneous Letters arranged Alphabetically and Chrono- 
logically. Books "A," "B," and "C." 



Acee, E. L., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 17, 1839. 
Adams, D. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 19, 1845. 
Adams, S. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 1, 1843. 
Adams, S. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 12. 1843. 
Adams, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 15, 1828. 
Adams, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 20, 1828. 
Adams and Sprague to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 30, 1827. 
Allen, M., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 4, 1834. 
Allen, M., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 26, 1834. 
Allen, M., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 15, 1834. 
Alsbury, H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 5, 1837. 
Anderson, PL, to H. Bennett. M'ch 5, 1856. 
Anonymous to A. Jackson. Sept. 5, 1828. 
Anonymous to J. F. Brent. M'ch 22, 1845. 

Anonymous to Gov. . Dec. 11, 1835. 

Anonymous to Judge . Feb'y 5, 1835. 

Anonymous to A Creditor. May 11, 1838. 

B. 

Backus, F. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 9, 1834. 
Backus, F. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 21, 1847. 
Backus, F. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 20, 1847. 
Bacon, A. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 18, 1842. 
Bacon, A. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 22, 1842. 
Bacon, A. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 4, 1842. 
Bailey, J. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 3, 1877. 
Bainbridge, H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 24, 1846. 
Baker, D. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 5, 1851. 
Baker, D. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 11, 1851. 
Baker, D. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 11, 1851. 
Baker, D. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 11, 1851. 
Barkesdale, E., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 6, 1855. 
Barnwell, R. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1850. 
Barrett, Thos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 20, 1845. 
Barrett, Thos. to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 21, 1845. 

7 See Laws of the State of Mississippi for 1882, p. 135. 



204 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Barrett, Thos., to J, F. H. Claiborne. April 4, 1845. 

Barrett, Thos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 8, 1845. 

Barry, W. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 23, 1854. 

Bay, E. H., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 4, 1833. 

Beauregard, E. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 15, 1851. 

Beauregard, E. T ;j to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 26, 1851. 

Beauregard, E. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 29, 1853. 

Beauregard, E. T., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 12, 1853. 

Beauregard, E. T., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 5, i860. 

Beauregard, E. T., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 7, i860. 

Beauregard, E. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 16, 1864. 

Beauregard, E. T., and others to Jno. A. Quitman. June 19, 1856. 

Bell, Wm., to George Poindexter. May 22, 1834. 

Benedict, K., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 11, 1830. 

Benham, H. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 6, 1856. 

Benham, H. W., to J mo. A. Quitman. Aug. 7, 1856. 

Benham, H. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 9, 1856. 

Benton, J. G., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 25, 1856. 

Besaucon, L. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 20, 1840. 

Bickley, J., to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 28, 1815. 

Biddle, N., to Pres't U. S. Bank, Natchez. Jan'y 17, 1831. 

Biddle, N., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec'r 28, 1832. 

Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 19, 1832. 

Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 23, 1833. 

Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 2, 1833. 

Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 2, 1834. 

Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 19, 1834. 

Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 3, 1834. 

Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec'r 17, 1834. 

Black, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 14 1835. 

Black, Jno. to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 15, 1835. 

Boone, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 31, 1851. 

Botto, P. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 20, 1870. 

Botto, P. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 2, 1870. 

Boyle, Jno., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 30, 1834. 

Bradford, A. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 8, 1846. 

Bradley, C. P., to Geo. Poindexter. May 8, 1834. 

Brandon, W. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 31, 1846. 

Barnwell, R. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1850. 

Brandon, G. C, to Geo. Poindexter. July 27, 1828. 

Brandon, G. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 23, 1828. 

Brandon, G. C, to Geo. Poindexter. Nov. 25, 1830. 

Brandon, G. C, to Geo. Poindexter. Nov. 29, 1830. 

Brandon, G. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 21, 1845. 

Brandon, G. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 29, 1845. 

Brender, J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. -, . 

Brent, J. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. M ch 19, 1845. 
Brewer, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 30, 1851. 
Bricklin, J. C, to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 21, 1831. 
Bright, G. Y., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 20, 1856. 
Briscoe, P., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 20, 1829 
Brown, T., Jr., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1846. 

Brown, A. G., to -■ ~ , — • 

Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan y 4, ™43- 
Brown A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 23, 1843. 
Brown! A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 16, 1853- 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 17, 1854. 
Brown A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 29, 1855. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 19, 1855. 
Brown A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 7, 1855. 



Mississippi University Library. 205 

Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 14, 1855. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 11, 1855. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 10, 1855. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 19, 1855. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 4, 1856. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 1, 1856. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 4, 1857. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 7, 1857. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 5, 1857. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 13, 1857. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 30, 1857. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 27, 1858. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 15, i860. 
Brown, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July — , 1876. 

Brown, A. G., to . Sept. 26, 1851. 

Brown, A. G., to . Jan'y 7, 1853. 

Brown, A. G., to . M'ch 11, 1853. 

Brown, A. G., to . Ap'l 29, 1853. 

Brown, A. G., to . May 6, 1853. 

Brown, A. G., to . Nov. 15, 1853. 

Brown, A. G., to . Nov. 15, 1853. 

Brown, A. G., to . M'ch 1, 1854. 

Brown, A. G., to . Ap'l 4, 1854. 

Brown, A. G., to . May 17, 1854. 

Brown, A. G., to . June 29^ 1854. 

Brown, A. G., to . Feb'y 22, 1855. 

Brown, A. G., to . April 27, 1855. 

Brown, A. G., to . Feb'y 14, 1856. 

Brown, A. G., to . May 3, 1856. 

Brown, A. G., to . May 4, 1857. 

Brown, A. G., to . Nov. 16, 1857. 

Brown, A. G., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 13, 1851. 
Brush, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 3, 1839. 
Bryce, J. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 12, 1845. 
Buckner, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 9, 1828. 
Buckner, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 15, 1830. 
Buckner, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 8, 1832. 
Buckner, R. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 25, 1834. 
Burnett, W. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 30, 1848. 
Burns, Wm, to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 15, 1826. 
Burns, Wm., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 21, 1827. 
Burns, Wm., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 20, 1830. 
Byrnes, W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 5, 1832. 



Cage, H., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 1, 1832. 

Caldwell, I., to Geo. Poindexter. , . 

Caldwell, I., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 12, 1827. 
Caldwell, I., to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 20, 1827. 
Caldwell, I., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 11, 1828. 
Caldwell, I., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1829. 
Caldwell, J. H., to Wm. B. Griffith. Dec. 8, 1826. 
Calhoun, J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 2J, 1856. 
Calhoun, Geo., to Fall & Marshall. Sept. 10, 1849. 
Campbell, A., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 1, 1834. 
Cannon, W. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 11, 1851. 

Carrell, , to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 21, 1842. 

Carroll, Wm., to Geo. Poindexter and Wm. Bullitt. Jan'y 22, 1815. 
Carson, S. P., to Geo. Poindexter. May 7, 1832. 
Cartwright, S. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 27, 1839. 



206 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Cartwright, S. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. March n, 1853. 
Cartwright, S. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 26, 1854. 
Cartwright, S. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 20, 1859. 
Cassedy, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 27, 1854. 
Cassedy, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 17, 1855. 
Cassedy, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 20, 1855. 
Carvajal, J. J., to C. R. Wheat. Jan'y 9, 1853. 
Chalmers, J. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 29, 1846. 
Chandler, G. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 28, 1854. 
Chandler, G. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 23, 1872. 

Chase, W. H., to . July 18, 1846. 

Chase, W. H., to . July 6, 1858. 

Chinn, A. H., to Geo. Poindexter. May 3, 1826. 

Chinn, A. H., to Geo. Poindexter. Aug. 23, 1826. 

Claiborne, J. F. H., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 7, 1832. 

Claiborne, J. F. H., to Brander, McKenna & Wright. Oct. 21, 1836. 

Claiborne, J. F. H., to President of U. States. Aug. 23, 1842. 

Claiborne, J. F. H., to C. M. Price. Feb'y 9, 1843. 

Claiborne, J. F. H., to A. S. Robinson. Aug. 6, 1846. 

Claiborne, J. F. H., to A. J. Pickett. April 19, 1849. 

Claiborne, J. F. H., to Gov. Walker. Nov. 21, 1850. 

Claiborne, J. F. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. , . 

Claiborne, F. L., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 11, 1843. 
Claiborne, R., to Geo. Poindexter. June 23, 1816. 
Clarke, J. E., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 15, 1820. 
Clay, Henry, to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 7, 1826. 

Clinton, J. G., to Claiborne. M'ch 12, 1845. 

Coalter, J., to David Holmes. M'ch 14, 1808. 
Coalter, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 8, 1831. 
Cocke, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 24, 1834. 
Cocke, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 15, 1841. 
Cocke, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 26, 1841. 
Cocke, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 8, 1843. 
Cocke, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 11, 1843. 

Coffey, J. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 4, . 

Coit, H., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 22, 1834. 
Colman, S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 28, i860. 
Comfort, D., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 9, 1831. 

Compton, W. M., to . Dec. 13, 1877. 

Conrad, R., to D. H. Conrad. Feb'y 16, 1859. 
Conrad, D. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 2, 1859. 
Cooper, D. H.. to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 23, 1847. 

Cooper, F. T., to . Nov. 13, 1859. 

Corcoran, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 25, 1853. 
Coxe, D. W., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 7, 1834. 
Cralle, R. K., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 3, 1852. 
Crane, Wm. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 14, 1843. 
Crosman, G. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 8, 1846. 
Curtis, E., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 14, 1842. 
Curtis, E., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 16, 1842. 

D. 

D., T. A. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 28, 1841. 
D., T. A. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 30, 1842. 
Dabney, F., to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 20, 1830. 
Danley, C. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 26. 1851. 
Danley, C. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 21, 1852. 
Davis, J. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 12, 1833. 
Davis, Jefferson, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 24, 1852. 
Davis, Jefferson, to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 24, 1878. 



Mississippi University Library. 207 

Davis, M., to James Smylie. Sept. 4, 1817. 
Davis, E. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 18, 1878. 
Davidson, T. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 29, 1857. 
Deas, Fitzallen, to Jno. A. Quitman. April 16, 1847. 

Deason, J. B., to . M'ch 19, 1879. 

De Bow, J. D. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 12, 1845. 
Dedrick, W. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 1, 1876. 
Desanping, J. M., to J. P. Dickinson. Aug. 15, 1847. 
Dickinson, J. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 17, 1847. 
Dickinson, J. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 7, 1847. 
Dickinson, J. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. June — , 1847. 
Dickson, L., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 12, 1845. 
Dickson, D., to Geo. Poindexter. July 4, 1819. 
Dickson, D., to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 18, 1831. 
Dickson, D., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 3, 1832. 
Dietz, Louis, to Geo. Poindexter. May 17, 1834. 
Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 10, 1842. 
Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 18, 1845. 
Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 9, 1845. 
Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 19, 1845. 
Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 7, 1847. 
Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 24, 1853. 
Dill, B. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec'r 14, 1853. 
Dorsey, Sarah A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 13, 1877. 
Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 10, 1845. 
Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 24, 1851. 
Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 8, 1851. 
Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 3, 1852. 
Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 14, 1852. 
Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 2, 1852. 
Downs, S. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 11, 1853. 
Dunbar, Jos., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 22, 1826. 
Duncan, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 27, 1847. 
Duncan, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 26, 1847. 
Durant, T. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 17, 1846. 
Durant, T. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 5, 1852. 



Eastland, T. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. , . 

Edward, Jas., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 11, 1848. 
Edward, Jas., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 30, 1849. 
Edwards, B. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 22, 1830. 
Elder, W. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 1, i860. 
Ellett, H. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 20, 1843. 
Elliott. J. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 12, 1847. 
Ellis, P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 9, 1831- 
Elward, R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 14, 1852. 
Elward, R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 3, 1855. 
Ely, A. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 16, 1857- 
Estes, M., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 31. 1847. 
Everett, A. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 14, 1842. 
Everett, A. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Mch 30, 1842. 
Everett, A. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 10, 1842. 
Everett! A. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 30, 1842. 



Falconer, T. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 2, 1828. 
Falconer, T. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y — . 1836. 
Fall, G. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 2, 1828. 

14 



2o8 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Fall, G. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 30, 1841. 
Farrar, P. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 26, 1837. 
Farrar, P. W., to jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 11, 1839. 
Farrar, P. W., to jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 22, 1840. 
Ficklin, J. H., to Geo. Poindexter. June 17, 1816. 
Fisher, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 17, 1852. 
Fitz, G., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 8, 1828. 
Flournoy, Thos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 3, 1846. 
Fonte, J. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 7, 1847. 
Foote, H. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 19, 1844. 
Foote, H. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 29, 1846. 
Forsyth, J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 26, 1857. 
Fowler, Jos., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 28, 1840. 
Fox, Arthur, to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 11, 1845. 
Freeman, J. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 1, 1843. 
Freeman, J. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 14, 1869. 

Freeman, J. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. , . 

Fyler, J. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 25, 1842. 

G. 

Gage, J. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 28, 1877. 

Gaines, J. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 27, 1847. 

Gallup, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. March 8, 1845. 

Garnett, R. S., to S. Thomas. May 8, 1856. 

Garnett, R. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 12, 1856. 

Garrett, H. A., & Others, to J. F. H. Claiborne, May 15, 1858. 

Geary, J. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 25, 1847. 

Genois, J. W., to . July 25, 1856. 

Gerdes, F. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 26, 1855. 
Gholson, S. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 7, 1843. 
Gholson, S. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 14, 1845. 

Gibson, R. L., to . April 20, 1878. 

Gildart, J. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 12, 1830. 
Gillel, R. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 21, 1847. 
Glenn, D. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 13, 1861. 
Glenn, D. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 8, 1861. 
Glenn, D. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 24, 1862. 
Golightly, T. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 8, 1836. 
Grayson, W. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 9, 1841. 
Green, Thos. L, to Jesse Benton. April 4, 1836. 
Green, C. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 18, 1823. 
Gregg, Maxey, to Jno. A. Quitman. May 9, 1851. 
Gregg,' Maxey, to Jno. A. Quitman. May 15, 1851. 
Gregg, Maxey, to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 15, 1851. 
Gregg, Maxey. to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1857. 
Griffith, Jno. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 25, 1834. 
Grimball, Jno. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 8. 1828. 
Guion, J. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 10, 1827. 
Guion, J. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 16, 1829. 
Guion, J. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 5. 1830. 
Guion, J. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 13, 1833. 
Guion, J. L, to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 7, 1840. 
Guion, W. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 17. 1834. 
Guion, W. B., to W. M. Grayson. Oct. 12, 1835. 
Gwin, Sam'l, to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 14, 1831. 
Gwin, Sam'l, to Geo. Poindexter. Ap'l 27. 1835. 
Gwin, W. M., to Daniel Lowe. Aug. 29, 1842. 



Mississippi University Library. 209 

H. 

Hadley, T. B. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 19, 1834. 
Hadley, T. B. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 27, 1834. 
Hadley, T. B. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 13, 1837. 
Hadley, T. B. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 28, 1838. 
Hagan, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 29, 1838. 
Hagan, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 3, 1838. 
Haile, Wm,, to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 30, 1837. 
Haile, Wm., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 6, 1828. 
Haile, Wm., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 26, 1828. 
Haile, Wm., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 25, 1834. 
Haile, Wm., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 9, 1835. 
Harmanson, J. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 24, 1848. 
Hamer, Gen'l, to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 16, 1846. 
Hamilton, P., to Geo. Poindexter. April 13, 1810. 
Hancock, W. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 14, 1867. 
Harney, Thos., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 23, 1837. 
Harney, Thos., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 10. 1838. 
Harney, Thos., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 6, 1840. 
Harper Bros., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 20, i860. 
Harper Bros., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 21, i860. 

Harris, W. P., to . Aug. 27, 1853. 

Harris, W. P., to . June 3, 1854. 

Harris, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 8, 1854- 

Harris, W. P., to ■■ . Feb'y 6, 1855. 

Harris, W. P., to . M'ch 4, 1855. 

Harris, W. P., to . M'ch 29, 1855. 

Harris, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 30, 1855. 
Harris, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 8, 1855. 
Harris, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 10, 1881. 
Harris, W. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 2, 1828. 
Harris, W. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 8, 1830. 
Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 7, 1854. 
Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 16, 1845. 
Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 7, 1845. 
Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 15, 1845. 
Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 21, 1846. 
Hayden, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 21, 1846. 

Hayne, R. Y., to Jno. A. Quitman. , . 

Hebert, R. O., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 7, 1852. 
Henderson, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 30, 1830. 
Henderson. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 20, 1841. 
Herndon, G. P.. to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 16, 1877. 
Hewes, W. G., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 29, 1833. 
Hewes. W. G., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 21, 1834. 
Hickey. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 5. 1845. 
Higginbotham, D.. to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 1, 1831. 

Hillyer. G. M., to Capt. Nevitt. , . 

Hinds, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 26, 1817. 
Hinds. Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 18, 1819. 
Historical Society, W T is., to J. F. H. Claiborne. March 11, 1854. 
Holliman, G. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 12. 1830. 
Holliman, G. H., to J. F. IT. Claiborne. June 16. 1853. 
Holliman, G. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 9. 1855. 
Hollman, G. H.. to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 27. 1855. 
Holliman. G. H.. to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 27, 1855 ■ 
Holmes, D., to Geo. Poindexter. Aug. 12, 1820. 

Hooker, C. E., to . M'ch — , 1857. 

Hooker, C. E., to T. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 22, 1881. 



210 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Hone, E. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 13, 1840. 
Hoskins, E., to M. Lovell. Feb'y 28, 1847. 
Howard, B. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 27, 1843. 
Howard, B. D., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 18, 1843. 
Howard, V. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 14, 1839. 
Howard, V. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 1, 1843. 

Howard, V. E., to . May 26, 1845. 

Howry, J. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 26, 1846. 
Howry, J. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 19, i860. 
Hughes, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 16, 1858. 
Hughes, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 23, i860. 
Humphreys, B. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 25, 1878. 
Humphries, F. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 12, 1855. 
Humphries, F. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 15, 1855. 
Hunt, M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 23, 1845. 
Hunt, M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. March 14, 1846. 
Hurst, D. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 18, 1859. 
Hurt, A. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 18, 1876. 
Hurt, A. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 27, 1877. 
Huston, F., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 4, 1829. 
Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 19, 1832. 
Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 21, 1836. 
Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 5, 1838. 
Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 4, 1839. 
Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 26, 1839. 
Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 14, 1847. 
Huston, F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 19, 1850. 

I. 

Irish, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 17, 1830. 
Ives, T. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 9, 1845. 

J. 

Jackson, A., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 20, 1830. 

Jackson, H. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 6, 1867. 

Jandon, S., to Jas. M. Reynolds. Aug. 25, 1830. 

Jenkins, D. C, to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 19, 1856. 

Johnson, W. P., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 13, 1832. 

Johnson, W. P., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 6, 1833. 

Johnson, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 1, 1849. 

Johnson, J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 18, 1845. 

Jordan, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 30, 1845. 

Jourdan, A. W. and Others, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 26, 1849. 

K. 

Kaufman, D. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 23, 1845. 
Kemper, J., to Geo. Poindexter. March 19, 1817. 

Kendall, W. G., to . May 19, 1848. 

Kendall, W. G., to . Aug. 18, 1854. 

Kennedy, J. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 31, 1845. 
Kiegan, A. N., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 8, 1831. 
Kilpatrick, A. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 21, 1859. 
Kilpatrick, A. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 2, 1877. 
Kincannon, A. A., to F. L. Claiborne. March 2, 1843. 
Kincannon, A. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 7, 1843. 
Kirby, E., to Mrs. M. S. Smith. Sept. 12. 1847. 
Knight, A. M., & Others, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 25, 1840. 



Mississippi University Library. 211 



Land, Thos., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 19, 1828. 
Langdon, J. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 7, 1845. 
Lattimore, W., to Geo. Poindexter. May 10, 1806. 

Lay, G. W., to . Oct. 27, 1847. 

Leake, W., to Geo. Poindexter. April 23, 1822. 

Leake, W., to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 14, 1822. 

Le Due, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 11, 1865. 

Lee, S. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 13, 1879. 

Leech, F., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 12, 1845. 

Leech, F., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 24, 1853. 

Leech, F., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 22, 1857T 

Lern, Gustav B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 13, 1850. 

Lewis, W. R., to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 10, 1822. 

Locke, S., to Jno. Slidell. Dec. 4, 1844. 

Locke, S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 15, 1856. 

Lossing, B. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch — , i860. 

Lossing, B. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 10, i860. 

Lossing, B. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 23, i860. 

Loucks, R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 1, 1845. 

Lowry, J. (?), to Geo. Poindexter. July 4, 1815. 

Lyles, W. S. & Others, to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 27, 1851. 

Lynch, C, to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 25, 1828. 

Lynch, C, & Others, to Jno. A. Quitman. July 2, 1833. 

M. 

Magee, Eugene, to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 10, 1830. 
Marmion, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 23, 1855. 
Marmion, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 22, 1854. 
Marmion, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 28, 1855. 
Marschalk, A., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 30, 1836. 
Marschalk, A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 3, 1838. 
Marsh, S. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 20, 1836. 
Marshall, Jno., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 11, 1848. 
Mason, J. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 1, 1878. 
Mason, J. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 9, 1878. 
Maury, J. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 24, 1826. 
Mayer, P. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 24, 1833. 
Mayerholff, C. F., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 9, 1877. 
Mayson, C. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. April 13, 1833. 
Mayson, C. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. July 17, 1837. 
McAfee, M„ to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 15, 1853. 
McAfee, M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 31, 1855. 
McCaleb, J. F., to Mr. Pickett or Mr. Minton. Jan'y 6, 1842. 
McCall, G. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 24, 1847. 
McCaughan, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 6, 1843. 
McClung, A. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 27, 1846. 
McCord, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 2, 1851. 
McDonald, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 9, 1851. 
McDonald, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 3, 1851. 
McDonald, J. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 27, 1855. 
McDonald, J. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 16, 1856. 
McDonald, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 22, 1878. 
McFarlane, J. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 20, 1845. 
McMurran, J. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 24, 1823. 
McMurran, J. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 29, 1837. 
McMurran, J. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 7, 1846. 
McNutt, A. G., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 31, 1838. 
McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 7, 1843. 



212 Mississippi Historical Society. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. i, 1851. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 23, 1853. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 14, 1854. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 23, 1854. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 27, 1854. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 10, 1854. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 15, 1855. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 9, 1855. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 17, 1855. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 30, 1855. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 18, 1855. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 25, 1855. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 9, 1856. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 29, 1858. 

McRae, J. I., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 31, 1859. 

McRae, J. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 19, 1845. 

McRae, Kate, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 23, 1855. 

McRae, J. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 17, 1855. 

McRae, J. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 5, 1855. 

McRae, J. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 30, 1855. 

McTyeire, H. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 1, 1854. 

Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 23, 1806. 

Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 26, 1806. 

Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 14, 1808. 

Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 1, 1809. 

Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 23, 1810. 

Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 3, 1812. 

Mead, Cowles, to Geo. Poindexter. Nov. 30, 1812. 

Means, J. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 12, 1851. 

Medary, Tacob, to W. Medill. Jan'y 15, 1843. 

Medill, W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 22, 1842. 

Mellen, W. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 15, 1847. 

Merchant's Exchange, to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 25, 1847. 

Merrill A. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 6, 1858. 

Metcalfe, B., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 26, 1822. 

Metcalfe. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 12, 1829. 

Michel, (Widow Sue), to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 30, 1862. 

Miller, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 9, 1859. 

Mitchell, J. C, to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 7, 1837. 

Montgomery, C. P., to Geo. Poindexter. Aug. 1, 1833. 

Montgomery, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 24, 1842. 

Montgomery, J. F., & Others, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 25, 1839. 

Morse, J. E., to . April 8, 1859. 

Moore, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 15, 1846. 
Morris, J. J. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 19, 1832. 
Morris, J. J. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 19, 1834. 
Morris, J. J. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 27, 1834. 
Morris, J. J. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 30. 1835. 
Muller, A. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 11, 1855. 
Murchison, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 24. 1838. 
Murray, J., to Jno. H. Mallory. Jan'y 27, 1826. 

N. 

North, R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 29, 1878. 

Nutt, R., to . July 14. 1859- 

P. 

Parker, C. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 26, 1830. 
Parker, C. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. July — , 1832. 
Patterson, R., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 5, 1847. 



Mississippi University Library. 213 

Patterson, R., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 10, 1847. 
Patton, W. S. & Others, to Jno. A. Quitman. June 5, 1855. 
Patton, J. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 16, 1855. 
Penn, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 27, 1832. 
Penn, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 25, 1832. 
Penn, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 19, 1845. 
Penn, A. G., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 4, 1852. 
Perkins, Jno., to J. F. H. 1 Claiborne. May 14, 1853. 

Perkins, Jno., to . Oct. 20, 1853. 

Perkins, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 14, 1854. 

Phillips, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 23, 1828. 

Pickett, A. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 28, 1847. 

Pickett, A. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 24, 1847. 

Pickett, A. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 6, 1847. 

Pickett, A. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 20, 1849. 

Pierce, Jas. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 28, 1857. 

Pilcher, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 21, 1855. 

Pillow, G. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 28, 1847. 

Pitts, E. D., to J„ F. H. Claiborne. May 29, 1854. 

Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 19, 1828. 

Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman, receipt enclosed. April 6, 1831. 

Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 5, 1832. 

Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 4, 1833. 

Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 25, 1836. 

Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 30, 1836. 

Plummer, F. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 17, 1845. 

Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Dec. 26, 1808. 

Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. April 20, 1810. 

Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Feb'y 25, 181 1. 

Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Nov. 11, 1811. 

Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Dec. 12, 1811. 

Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Jan'y 25, 1812. 

Poindexter. Geo., to Cowles Mead. Apr'l 10, 1812. 

Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. May 24, 1812. 

Poindexter, Geo., to . Nov. 15, 1812. 

Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Dec. 14, 1812. 
Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Jan'y 4, 1813. 
Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Feb'y 3, 1813. 
Poindexter, Geo., to Cowles Mead. Feb'y 22, 1813. 
Poindexter, Geo., to D. Holmes. Oct. 6, 1814. 
Poindexter, Geo., to D. Holmes. M'ch 17, 1815. 
Poindexter, Geo., to Andrew Jackson. Oct. 25, 1820. 
Poindexter, Geo., to T. B. Read. May 16, 1821. 

Poindexter, Geo., to . May 21, 1821. 

Poindexter, Geo., to J. P. Hampton. June 17, 1821. 
Poindexter, Geo., to Comm'r Gen'l Land Office. Sept. 26, 1821. 
Poindexter, Geo., to G. C. Brandon. Aug. 25, 1828. 
Poindexter, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 4, 1839. 
Poindexter, Geo., to J. T. McMurran. M'ch 21, 1829. 
Poindexter, Geo., to M. Siddell. Sept. 26, 1829. 
Poindexter, Geo., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec'r 25, 1829. 
Poindexter, Geo., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 10, 1832. 
Poindexter, Geo., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 26, 1832. 
Poindexter, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 7, 1837, 
Porter, D. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 9, 1837. 
Porter, A., to P. F. Smith. Feb'y 4, 1856. 
Posey, S., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 22, 1846. 
Powers, R. C, to F. Heiaerhof. May 16, 1873. 

Pray, P. R. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. , . 

Pray, P. R. R., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 7, 1831. 



214 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Pray, P. R. R., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 9, 1832. 
Preston, Jno. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. March 4, 1851. 
Price, C. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 7, 1843. 
Price, C. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 12, 1843. 
Price, Wm. F., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 3, 1845. 
Prieur, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 28, 1846. 
Puckett, S. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 1, 1846. 

Q. 

Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 1, 1833. 
Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 13, 1837. 
Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 5, 1838. 
Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 30, 1840. 
Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 22, 1841. 
Quackenboss, F. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 23, 1851. 
Quarles, G. M., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 9, 1834. 



tman, Jno. A., to J. T. McMurran. Feb'y 9, 1828. 
tman, Jno. A., to Henry Clay. April 3, 1830. 
tman, Jno. A., to S. Gustine. April 28, 1835. 

tman, Jno. A., to Planters' Bank. , 1840. 

tman, Jno. A., to B. D. Howard. Aug. 23, 1843. 

tman, Jno. A., to G. H. Crosman. Sept. 8, 1846. 

tman, Jno. A., to Major Gaines. Oct. 26, 1847. 

tman, Jno. A., to W. W. W. Wood. June 30, 1850. 

tman, Jno. A., to R. B. Rhett. Jan'y 24, 1851. 

tman, Jno. A., to Jas. D. Waddell. May 17, 1851. 

tman, Jno. A., to J. H. Means. May 25, 1851. 

tman, Jno. A., to C. R. Clifton. Nov. 18, 1853. 

tman, Jno. A., to C. J. Faulkner. July 31, 1856. 

tman, Jno. A., to W. W. W. Wood. April 3, 1858. 

tman, Jno. A., to W. Cannon and Col. Wood. May 30, 1858. 

tman, Jno. A., to W. W. W. Wood. June 22, 1858. 

tman, Jno. A., to Members of Pharsalian Encampment. June 26, 



Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 
Qui 

1858. 

Quitman, Jno. A., to Jno. Marshall. Feb'y 2, 1858. Endorsed: "Jno. 
A. Quitman's last letter." 

R. 

Randolph, P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 27, 1829. 

Rathbone & Bro., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 11, 1840. 

Rayburn, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 8, 1852. 

Reed, T. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 21, 1826. 

Reeder, Geo. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 3, 1845. 

Reyburn, W. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. April 18, 1846. 

Rhett, R. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 22, 1851. 

Ricker, Sam'l, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 7, 1854. 

Rives, W. M., to Jno. A. Quitman.. Aug. 18, 1844. 

Roberts, W. J. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 1, 1852. 

Roberts, B. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 20, i860. 

Rodney, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Oct. 10, 1807. 

Rodney, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Nov. 20, 1807. 

Rodney, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 18, 1808. 

Rodney, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 25, 1808. 

Rodney, Thos., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 3, 1808. 

Ross, Jno. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 18, 1824. 

Royal Historical Society to J. H. F. Claiborne. July 17, 1880. 

Royal Historical Society, to J. H. F. Claiborne. Jan'y 21, 1881. 

Royal Historical Society, to J. H. F. Claiborne. June 28, 1881. 

Runnels, H. G., and Others, to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 21, 1828. 



Mississippi University Library. 215 

Runnels, H. G., and Others, to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 31, 1829. 
Russ, Asa, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 5, 1855. 



Sanders, L., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 28, 1825. 
Sanders, L., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 4, 1847. 
Sanders, L., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 13, 1851. 
Saul, Jas., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 7, 1831. 
Scott, Winfield, to Jno. A. Quitman. July 13, 1847. 
Scott, James, to Jno. A. Quitman. July 24, 1835. 
Scott, A. M., to Geo. Poindexter. July 25, 1828. 
Scott, A. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 30, 1832. 
Scott, A. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 12, 1833. 
Seabrook, W. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 20, 1850. 
Seabrook, W. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 23, 1850. 
Seabrook, W. B., Telegram to J. A. Quitman. Dec. 3, 1850. 
Seabrook, W. B., to J. A. Quitman. Dec. 17, 1850. 
Seabrooke, W. B., to J. A. Quitman. June 9, 1851. 
Seabrook, W. B., to J. A. Quitman. July 15, 1851. 
Seal, R., to R. Egar. July 9, 1867. 

Sevier, A. H., to . April 14, 1846. 

Sharkey, W. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 9, 1830. 
Sharkey, W. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 12, 1830. 
Sharkey, W. T., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 4, 1830. 
Shaip, J. M., to J. A. Quitman. Oct. 29, 1846. 
Shaw, J., to Geo. Poindexter, Nov. 26, 1830. 
Shelton, W. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 15, 1843. 
Shepherd, G. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 1, 1859. 
Shorer, W. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 22, 1846. 
Simonson, J. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 10, 1856. 
Singleton, O. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 19, 1854. 
Slaughter, G. C, to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 1, 1826. 
Slidell, Thos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. March 3, 1853. 

Slidell, Jno., to J. F. FI. Claiborne. , . 

Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. , . 

Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. , . 

Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. , . 

Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 13, 1844. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 3, 1845. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 17, 1852. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Ap'l 9, 1853. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 29, 1854. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 26, 1854. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 8, 1854. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 11, 1854. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 5, 1854. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 31, 1854. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 16, 1854. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 7, 1855. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 26, 1855. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 15, 1856. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 22, 1856. 
Slidell, Jno., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 21, 1857. 
Smith, C. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 27, 1837. 

Smith, C. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. , 1841. 

Smith, C. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 16, 1854. 
Smith, Dan'l, to David Holmes. Jan'y 13, 1808. 
Smith, Rich'd, to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 21, 1834. 

Smith, F., to . Sept. 9, 1851. 

Smith, P. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. , . 



216 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Smyth, W. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 12, 1839. 
Smyth, W. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 27, 1841. 
Smyth, W. M. 3 to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 3, 1842. 
Smyth, W. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 29, 1846. 
Smyth, M. P., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 1, 1845. 
Smyth, M. P., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 10, 1845. 
Smyth, H. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 3, 1851. 
Smyth, H. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 25, 1853. 
Snethen, W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 8, 1842. 
Snethen, W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 5, 1842. 
Snow, S. W., to Lieut. Lovell. Feb'y 28, 1847. 
Somerby, R., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 8, 1827. 
Soule, Pierre, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 24, 1850. 

Soule, Pierre, to . Aug. 15, 1852. 

Soule, Pierre, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 13, 1852. 
Soule, Pierre, to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 29, 1853. 
Sparks, W. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 9, 1831. 
Sparks, W. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 6, 1831. 
Speight, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 5, 1844. 
Speight, J., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 10, 1846. 

Stanton, R., to . M'ch 13, . 

Stanton, R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 10, 1853. 
Stanton. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 9, 1853. 
Stark. P. B., to E. Van Dorn. July 15, 1862. 
Starke, P. B., to E. Van Dorn. July 15 .1862. 
Starke, T. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 22, 1857. 
Sterling, T. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 18, 1830. 
Sterling, T. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 22, 1834. 
Stuart, T. H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 11, 1845. 
Stuart, Arch, to David Holmes. Nov. 11, 1808. 
Stockton, R., to Robt. F. Stockton. May 17, 1825. 

Stone, F. D., to . May 2, 187S. 

Stone, W. A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 15, 1842. 
Swan, G. T., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 18, 1851. 
Swain, D. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 13, i860. 



Tallmadge, N. P.. to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 26, 1840. 

Tarpley, C. S., to . Aug. 3, 1855. 

Terrell, Lucretia, to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 7, 1830. 
Thacher, J. S. B., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 16, 1839. 
Thacher, J. S. B., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 31, 1845. 
Tharp, W., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 6, 1834. 
Thayer, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. April 5, 1836. 
Thomas, P., to Geo. Poindexter. April 23, 1821. 
Thompson, Jacob, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 16, 1832. 

Thompson, Jacob, to . Sept. 2, 1850. 

Thompson, Jacob, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 23, 1855. 
Thompson, Jacob, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 17, 1855. 
Thompson, Jacob, to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 23, 1859. 
Thompson, G. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 15, 1845. 
Thompson, Waddy, to Jno. A. Quitman. June 22, 1856. 
Totten, J. G., to James Shields. Jan'y 31, 1854. 
Totten, J. G., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 23, 1856. 
Totten, J G., to Chas. A. Henderson. M'ch 10, 1856. 
Toulmin. T. L.. to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 3, 1845. 
Townsend. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 21, 1856. 
Trask, J. E., to Geo. Poindexter. April 3, 1826. 
Trist. H. B.. to Geo. Poindexter. Sept. 28, 1804. 
Trist, N. P., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 21, 1822. 



Mississippi University library. 217 

Trotter, Jas. F., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 17, 1829. 
Tucker, T. M., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Sept. 14, 1822. 
Turner, G. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 16, 1838. 
Turner, E., to Geo. Poindexter. July 13, 1820. 
Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 6, 1828. 
Turner E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 9, 1828. 
Turner E., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 4, 1830. 
Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 15, 1830. 
Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 10, 1830.' 
Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 14, 1831. 
Turner, E., to T. Henderson. Aug. 12, 1834. 
Turner, E. 3 to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 5, 1834. 
Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 13, 1837. 
Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 31, 1837. 
Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 18, 1838. 
Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 12, 1840. 
Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 27, 1840. 
Turner, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 14, 1841. 
Twiggs, D. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 6, 1847. 
Twiggs, D. E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 8, 1847. 

V. 

Van Dorn, P. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 23, 1827. 
Van Dorn, Earl, to Mrs. Emma Miller. May 2, 1847. 

Van Evrie, J. H., to . Nov. 6, 1853. 

Vannerson, W., to Jno. A. Quitman. May — , 1830. 
Vannerson, W., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 13, 1842. 

W. 

Waddell, James D., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 3, 1851. 
Waldo, P. EL, to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 26, 1847. 

Walker, Alex., to . May 4, 1843. 

Walker, Alex., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 26, 1845. 
Walker, S. R., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 20, 1853. 
Walker, J. W., to Geo. Poindexter. Dec. 23, 1812. 
Walker, Jos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 22, 1844. 
Walker, Jos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 8, 1845. 
Walker, Jos., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. 23, 1845. 
Walker, D. S., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 16, 1829. 
Walker, D. S. and R. J., to John A. Quitman. Nov. 12, 1829. 
Walker, R. J., to John A. Quitman. May 5, 1831. 
Walker, R. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Jan'y 6, 1841. 
Walker, R. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 21, 1841. 
Walker, R. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 23, 1842. 
Walker, R. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 15, 1842. 
Walker, R. J., to T. J. Johnston. Feb'y 3, 1843. 
Walker, R. J., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec. 12, 1844. 
Walker, W. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 28, 1827. 
Walker, D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 18, 1857. 
Warren, H., to J. F. H. Claiborne. June 21, 1845. 
Washington, L., to Geo. Poindexter. Feb'y 9, 1810. 
Waskerhagen, A., to John A. Quitman. Jan'y 18, 1833. 
Webb, J. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 12, i860. 
Welsh, C. H., to A. G. Brown. April 7, 1855. 
Wharton, T. J., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 9, 1851. 
Wilcox, J. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 25, 1846. 
Wilcox, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Feb'y 18, 1848. 
Wilcox, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Apr'l 5, 1849. 



218 Mississippi Historical Society 

Wilcox, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 10, 1854. 
Wilcox, C. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 8, 1854. 
Wilkins, J. C, to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 14, 1834. 
Wilkins, C. E., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 5, 1834. 
Wilkinson, E., to Jno. A. Quitman. Nov. 7, 1839. 
Williams, D. O., to Jno. A. Quitman. July 13, 1846, 
Williams, T. H., to Geo. Poindexter. M'ch 12, 1822. 
Williams, T. H., to V. E. Howard. M'ch 17, 1843. 
Williams, T. H., to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 14, 1825. 
Williams, T. H., to Jno. A. Quitman. Ap'l 25, 1846. 
Williams, G. W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Aug. 30, 1845. 
Williams, A. J., and others to J. F. H. Claiborne. Oct. — , 1849. 
Willis, T. A., to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 2, 1847. 
Winchester, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Aug. 16, 1821. 
Winchester, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 24, 1832. 
Winchester, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Oct. 6, 1832. 
Winchester, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 24, 1836. 
Winchester, Geo., to Jno. A. Quitman. Dec. 17, 1838. 
Winn, R., to J .F. H. Claiborne. Feb'y 5, 1840. 
Winston F., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 30, 1827. 
Witherspoon, T. D., to J. F. H. Claiborne. May 8, 1877. 
Woods, M. L., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 15, i860. 
Woodward, T. S., to J. F. H. Claiborne. M'ch 13, 1853. 
Worth, W. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. May 23, 1847. 
Worth, W. I., to Jno. A. Quitman. Sept. 16, 1847. 
Wren, W., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Dec'r 30, 1848. 
Wright, D. W., to Jno. A. Quitman. M'ch 9, 1828. 
Wright, D. W., to Geo. Poindexter. July 28, 1829. 
Wynkoop, F. M., to Jno. A. Quitman. June 8, 1847. 
Watson, C. C & Son, to Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 1, 1839. Enclosing 
Bill for Uniforms. 

Y. 

Yell, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. July 25, 1846. 
Yell, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 9, 1846. 
Yell, A., to J. F. H. Claiborne. Nov. 17, 1846. 

Poindexter letters and papers : 

Book "C." 

Five Letters to Geo. Poindexter from his Son. 

Fourteen Letters and Papers relating to his Son. 

Letter from Geo. Poindexter to Thomas G. Percy. 

Four Letters from Geo. Poindexter to Mrs. A. B. C. Poindexter. 

Letter to Geo. Poindexter from Mrs. A. B. C. Poindexter. 

Eight Letters to Geo. Poindexter from his brother. 

Letter to Geo. Poindexter from his Sister. 

Four Letters to Geo. Poindexter from his Nieces. 

Letter to Geo. Poindexter from his Nephew. 

Five Letters to Geo. Poindexter from a Cousin. 

Four Letters to Geo. Poindexter from other relatives. 

Thirty-seven Miscellaneous Letters and Papers. 

Schedule of the Poindexter Estate in Wilkinson County. 

Ten Papers relating to Duel with Abijah Hunt. 

Twelve Papers relating to difficulty with Col. Hamilton. 

Six Papers relating to difficulty with Capt. Joor. 

Seven Papers — Bonds. 

Newspaper Articles. 



Mississippi University Library. 219 

Guion letters and papers : 

Book "D." 

Correspondence between Capt. Isaac Guion and Gen'l James Wilkin- 
son. 1797-1801. 27 Letters, and Papers. 

Correspondence between Capt. Isaac Guion and Hon. Jas. McHenry. 
1797-1798. 33 Letters and Papers. 

Correspondence between Capt. Isaac Guion and Gen'ls C. and T. 
Freeman. 1797-^-799- 14 Letters. 

Receipts Rolls, Returns and Affidavits, &c. 21 Papers. 

Miscellaneous Letters and Papers relating to the Military Career of 
Capt. Isaac Guion. 49 Letters and Papers. 

Commission, Journal, Application for Judgeship and Account of Capt. 
Guion for 18% years in the public service. 4 Papers. (See also "Books 
and Newspapers.") 

Sevier letters and papers : 

Book "D." 

Journal of Hon. Jno. Sevier from June, 1790-Sept., 1815. 

Power of Attorney — Hon. Jno. Sevier. 1795. 

Letter from Stokely Donaldson to Hon. John Sevier. July, 1795. 

Three Letters from Gen. James Wilkinson to Gen. George W. Sevier. 
1806-1808. 

Paper from Hon. John Sevier to Geo. Rutledge. 1803. 

Twenty-eight Military Letters and Papers. 1804-1813. 

Three Letters from Gen. G. W. Sevier to C. Mead. 1806. 

Six Letters and one Report from Gen. G. W. Sevier to Gen. Jas. 
Wilkinson. 1808. 

Correspondence between Gen. G. W. Sevier and Maj. A. W. Nicoll. 
1809-1812. 10 Letters, 1 Paper. 

Three Letters from Gen. G. W. Sevier to Gen. W. Hampton. 1812. 

Printed Circular of John Rhea. Feb'y 13, 1809. 

Four Letters from Hon. John Sevier to his Son, Gen'l G. W. Sevier. 
Jan'y 13-June 15, 1812. 

Printed Circular of Hon. John Sevier. March 3, 1815. 

Address of King, Head Men and Warriors of Chickasaw Nation to 
Secretary of War concerning Saltpetre Caves. No date. 

Early times in Natchez District and Mississippi Territory : 

Book "E." 

Laws of Early Mississippi Territory. 10 Papers. 

Spanish Papers — Early Mississippi Territory. 17 Papers. 

Memorandum Books and Papers of Daniel McGillivray. 1779-1806. 
14 Papers. 

Papers and Letters connected with the history of Col. A. Hutchins 
and "Committee of Safety," Peter Walker, D. Clark, Andrew Ellicott, 
Winthrop Sargent, Lieut. Pope, and other prominent characters. 67 
Papers. 

Muster Rolls, Receipt Rolls, General Orders and Letters pertaining 
to Military Affairs. 1707-1805. Hamtranck Papers and the letters of 
Gov. Gayoso included. 43 Papers. 

Thirteen Miscellaneous Letters and Papers. 

Four French Letters. 

Newspaper Articles. 

Kemper Expedition. 

Biographical Sketches, "Pushmataha" and "Weatherford." 2 Papers. 



220 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Conspiracy of Aaron Burr. 14 Papers and several Newspaper Ar- 
ticles. 
Papers of J. E. Gaines. 20 Sheets. 

Letters and papers relating to the Indian wars, 1812-1816: 

Book "F." 
to Jas. Wilkinson. Oct. 6, 1813. 



Bowyer, J. W., to F. L. Claiborne. Sept. 20, 1813. 
Bowyer, J. W., to F. L. Claiborne. Sept. 23, 1813. 
Bowyer, J. W., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 26, 1813. 
Butler, T. L., to G. H. Nixon. Sept. 16, 1814. 
Caller, Jas., to F. L. Claiborne. Aug. 25, 1813. 



Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 
Cla 



borne, F. L., to Mr. Bates. 



borne, F. L., to Geo. Poindexter. Nov. 26, 1812. 

borne, F. L., to D. Beasely. Feb'y 15, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to S. Knight. March 14, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Jas. Wilkinson. March 18, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Thos. Flournoy. July 8, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Bailey, Tait & Monaiae. July 31, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to J. W. Bowyer. Aug. 9, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to D. Holmes. Aug. 12, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Officer at Liberty. Aug. 13, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Governor of Georgia. Aug. 14, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Ben Hawkins. Aug. 14, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to H. Toulmin. Sept. 12, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Thos. Flournoy. Oct. 22, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Peter Isler. Oct. 29, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Thos. Flournoy. Nov. 8, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to A. Jackson. Nov. 12, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to . Aug. 12, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Thos. Flournoy. Nov. 12, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to D. Holmes. Nov. 21, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Peter Isler. Nov. 25, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Andrew Jackson. Nov. 29, 1813. 

borne, F. L., to Secretary of War. Jan'y 1, 1814. 

borne, F. L., to Gen'l . Jan'y 1, 1814. 

borne, F. L., to Secretary of War. Jan'y 24, 1814. 

borne, W. C. C, to Geo. Poindexter. Jan'y 6, 1812. 

borne, Gen'l(?). Unfinished letter. 
Calvit, A., to F. L., Claiborne. Sept. 18, 1813. 

Dent, B. M., to F. L. Claiborne. 5, 1813. 

Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. June — , 1813. 
Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. July 22, 1813. 
Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Oct. 28, 1813. 
Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 5, 1813. 
Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 6, 1813. 
Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 7, 1813. 
Flournoy, Thos., to A. Jackson. Nov. 9, 1813. 
Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 9, 1813. 
Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 9, 1813. 
Flournoy, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 10, 1813. 
Gaines, Geo. S., to Wm. McGrew. July 20, 1813. 
Gaines, Geo. S., to F. L. Claiborne. Jan'y 21, 1814. 
Gayle, J., to G. H. Nixon. Feb'y 13, 1815. 
Gibson, Geo., to F. L. Claiborne. Sept. 18. 1813. 
Hinds, Thos., to F. L. Claiborne. Oct. 26, 1813. 
Holmes, David, to G. H. Nixon. Oct. 18. 1816. 
Jones, R., to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 13, 1813. 



Mississippi University Library. 221 

Kennedy, J. P., to F. L. Claiborne. July 24, 1813. 

Magoffin, Jas., to F. L. Claiborne. Dec. 3, 1813. 

Malone, Smoot and others to . Sept. — , 1813. 

Maungen, M. G., to J. B. Wilkinson. July 29, 1813. 

Mead, W. C, to F. L. Claiborne. Sept. 20, 1813. 

Moore, R. B., to F. L. Claiborne. Jan'y 1, 1814. 

Pipkins, P., to G. H. Nixon. Sept. 22, 1814. 

Russell, G. C, to F. L. Claiborne. Jan'y 15, 1814. 

Scott, A. M., to F. L. Claiborne. Aug. 9, 1813. 

Sewall, Lewis, to F. L. Claiborne. Jan'y 13, 1814. 

Toulmin, H., to F. L. Claiborne. July 2, 1813. 

Toulmin, H., to F. L. Claiborne. July 9, 1813. 

Toulmin, H., to F. L. Claiborne. July 31, 1813. 

Toulmin, H., to F. L. Claiborne. Aug. 12, 1813. 

Wilkinson, Jas. to F. L. Claiborne. Sept. 8, 1812. 

Wood, Jno. and others to F. L. Claiborne. Nov. 19, 1812. 

Wright, Jno., to G. H. Nixon. Jan'y 20, 1815. 

Also: Addresses, Orders, Depositions, &c. 19 Papers. 

Letters and Papers relating to the Fort Mimms Massacre, September 
13, 1813, and to the condition of that region of country, both before and 
after that event. June 12-Nov. 18, 1813. 36 Letters and Papers. 

Callava papers : 

Book "F." 

Operations of Gen'l A. Jackson, as Governor of the Provinces of 
Florida. 1812 and 1822. 4 Papers. 

Mexican War papers : 

Book "F." 

Reports of Officers. 22 Papers. 

Spanish Paper. 

Reminiscences of the Campaign under Gen'l Winfield Scott. By Maj. 
G. T. Beauregard. 

Original Drafts of Military Report of the Action of Chapultepec and 
before the City of Mexico on the 12th and 13th of September, 1847. 
2 Papers. By Gen'l J. A. Quitman. 

Statement about the first Flag raised in the City of Mexico. 2 Papers. 

Route to Mexico — Reports of Lieuts. Tower and Beauregard, Engi- 
neers, and Maj. Smith's Memorandum. 2 Papers. 

General, Orders, Circulars, Letters, Maps, and other Miscellaneous 
Papers. 26 Papers. 

The Natchez Fencibles : 

Book "F." 

Address to the Natchez Fencibles by Gen. J. A. Quitman. Jan'y 31, 
1831. 

Constitution of the Organization. 

Annual Circular of the Montezuma Society; also, Circular of the 
Aztec Club. 

Mississippi's call upon the Nation for the privilege of fighting her 
battles. Petition to Congress by Gen. J. A. Quitman. 1846. 6 Papers. 

Correspondence of Rev. J. Smylie, D. D., 1814-1837: 



222 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Book "F." 

Nineteen Letters of Historical value. Two of these relate to the 
establishment of Oakland College. 

Rev. C. K. Marshall, D. D. : 

Book "F." 

Papers showing the untiring efforts of Dr. Marshall to relieve sick 
and wounded soldiers during the late Civil War. 

Eulogy by the Rev. C. B. Galloway, Vicksburg, Miss. 

Report of Capt. Jno. J. Hood. 

"Orphans of Our Soldiers and How to Educate Them." Pamphlet 
by Dr. Marshall. 

"Help for the Wounded." By Dr. Marshall. 

Brief Review of Plan and Operations of Association for relief of 
Maimed Soldiers. Pamphlet. 

Several printed articles. 

William Henry Elder: 

Book "F." 

Papers and Correspondence of W. H. Elder, Bishop of Natchez, re- 
lating to the Laws of Mississippi, with regard to Charitable and Re- 
ligious Bequests. 1859. 4 Letters and 2 Papers. 

Manuscripts of Sir William Dunbar: 

Book "F." 

Returned to the family of the writer, Sir Wm. D. by special Act of 
Legislature, 1887 or '8. 

Sketch of Life and Character. 

Papers upon Slavery, Geological character of our Country, Origin of 
Prairies, Mounds raised by Aborigines, &c. 10 Papers and Journal. 

Miscellaneous Documents : 

Book "G." 

Clavis Positiva — Cypher Writing. 

An Act to incorporate the Natchez Theatre. 

Plea of I. Caldwell and others, to Judge Quitman, to adjourn Court 
to next term. July 3, 1833. 

Papers relating to Pension of Mrs. K. M. Hamer. 1856. 

Memorial to Mississippi Legislature. Wm. S. L. Dearing. 1834. 

Memorandum for Speech delivered in the House of Representatives, 
April 29, 1856. Handwriting Gen. Quitman. 

Petition of Members of Port Gibson Bar that Benj. Edwards be ap- 
pointed Clerk of Chancery Court. 

Memorandum. 

Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne's Commission from Governor of La. to 
locate the State University. 

Jno. A. Quitman resigns Office as Governor. 1851. 

Unfinished Report of Committee of Synod of Mississippi on the sub- 
ject of Pastoral support. 

Affidavit of John Favre, Schooner "Elodie." 1863. 

Resolutions complimentary to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne. 

An article complimentary to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne, written for the 
Clarion by Gov. J. J. McRae. 



Mississippi University Library. 223 

Copy of Letter from Maj. Smylie to J. V. Toulme, concerning the 
shipment of Cotton from the Ports. April, 1863. 

Biographical Sketch of Edward C. Wilkerson. 

Biographical Sketch of Hon. John Taylor. 

Biographical Sketch of Hon. Christopher Rankin. 

Biographical Sketch of Lyman Harding. 

Manuscript — Gen. W. S. Downs. 

Bill of Sale of Negroes sold by J. H. and T. E. Gholson to Hon. J. F, 
H. Claiborne. 

Table showing number of Field Officers and Captains of different 
Corps of the Army, overslaughed by new appointments. 1854-1855. 

Military Academy Bill advocating appointment of Cadets from Mili- 
tary Academy into Marine Corps. 

Balloting for Senatorial Candidates. Jan'y 7 and 8, 1846. 

Commission of Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne to locate State University in 
Mississippi. Letter of Gov. McNutt enclosed. 

Military rank of Col. Butler. 

Certificate of D. Dubose and others as to the character of John Jones. 

Amount of Stationery furnished Committee on Military Affairs. 

Invitation to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne to attend State Convention. 
1840. 

Invitation to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne to attend R. R. Convention. 
Nov. 25, 1851. 

Commission of Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne, as Delegate-at-Large, to 
represent Louisiana in convention. June, 1853. 

Public Meeting at Woodville, Miss.— U. S. Bank. 

Adams Committee. Jan'y, 1828. 

Charges against Judge Child. 1827. 

Election Notice of Gov. A. G. McNutt. Aug. 26, 1841. 

Carrier's New Year's Address, 1851. Hon. J. H. Claiborne. 

Address to Union Bank Payers, Miss. By Abel-Kill-Cain. 

Jackson Committee's Address. 1828. 

Printed Circular of Samuel Jayne. 1835. 

Texas Circular. 1836. 

Report of John Gildhart from a Select Committee. Internal Im- 
provement. 1833. 

General Orders, No. 6, Hd. Qs., Jackson, Miss. June 19, 1838. 

Gen'l Orders, Circular Letters, &c, from Hd. Qs. 4th Military Dis- 
trict (Miss. & Ark.), in 1867, 1868. 

Charter of the "Mississippi Importing Co." Feb'y, 1839. 

Letter of John Ingersoll, addressed to Planters. 1838. 

Circular of ''Mississippi Importing Co." 1839. 

Circulars — Burke, Watt & Co. 1837 and 1840. 

Merchants' Transcript and N. Orleans Price Current. 1840. 

Circular of Buckner, Stanton & Co. 1841. 

Circular of C. G. Allhusen & Co. 1838. 

Circular of W. and R. Ferriday & Co. 1837. 

Circular of Mississippi Shipping Co. 1838. 

"Mississippi Union Bank." 1842. 

Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne declines running for Congress, i860. 

Newspaper Articles — Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne. 

Leaves from Old Books. 

Invitation to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne to become a member of the 
Virginia Historical Society. 1881. 

Manuscripts of Dr. S. A. Cartwright. Books 3 and 4. 

Sketches of Jefferson County. Hon. P. K. Montgomery. 

Senatorial Election — Reed and Lynch. 1826-1828. 

Two Letters from T. B. Reed to Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne; one, en- 
closing "Facts" from "Philo Patus" to T. B. Reed. Paper by "Cato." 
15 



224 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Cowdon's and Ragan's plans for preventing the overthrow of the Mis- 
sissippi. 1843-1850. 2 Letters, 1 Map and 1 Paper. 

Gen'l Dahlgren's Plan of Defense of the Confederate States — Nat- 
chez, Miss., 1867. Also, Letter from Gen'l Dahlgren to Hon. J. F. H. 
Claiborne. Ap'l 12, 1862. 

Battlefields of Bull Run and Manassas — Sketch of the county. 1861. 
Map of Texas. 1850. 

Yellow Fever Papers— Dr. A. Perlee and S. L. Grier, M. D. News- 
paper Articles on the subject of Yellow Fever. 

Old and valuable historical pamphlets and papers. "Very 



Book "G." 

List of Captions of Laws of the Legislature of Tennessee. 1817. 

Mr. Harper's Motion in House of Representatives. June 5, 1798. 

Printed Letter from the Secretary of War. 1798. State of the Union. 

Copy of a Petition to Congress by Alex. Power, relative to a claim 
of Benj. Flower's Regiment of Artillery and Artificers, for Half-Pay 
and Commutation. 1790. 

Proclamation of Winthrop Sargent, Governor of Mississippi Terri- 
tory. Sept. 10, 1800. 

Thomas Hutchins, Geographer to the King, afterward Geographer- 
General for the United States. 

Leaves from an Old Book. 

Confederate States Almanac. 1862. 

Speech of President to both Houses of Congress. Nov. 22, 1800. 

Report of Committee on Winthrop Sargent. Feb'y 19, 1801. 

Report of Committee on Claims — Petition of John Steele. 1804. 

Petition of Cato West and others to Congress. Jan'y, 1800. 

Address of Col. J. F. H. Claiborne to the People of Mississippi. Feb'y 
14, 1838. 

Important papers : 

Book "G." 

Auditor's Report. 1828. 

Committee on State and Federal Relations — Report to Legislature of 
Mississippi. 1867. 

Copy of Legislative Reporter — Extra — "Bond Question." 1841. 

Report of Hon. Wm. Lattimore. 1805. 

Circular of Hon. Wm. Lattimore. 1805. 

Report of Joint Select Committee on Planters' Bank Bonds. 

A Newspaper Article by A. B. Magruder — "Effects of the Change on 
British Export Trade to America." 

A. M. Keegan's Circular — To Voters of Lawrence Co., Miss. 1833. 

Protest of Messrs. Trotter and Jackson. 

Documents accompanying Governor's Message — Ala. 1827. 

Paper of Port Gibson Central Committee — Administration Men. 1827. 

Plea for Religious Toleration. 

Rare and valuable historical pamphlets — filed : 

Obituary Address in House of Representatives, on the Death of Hon. 
Jno. A. Quitman. Jan'y 5, 1859. 

Report of Gomm'r A. H. Arthur to Gov. McWillie on the Trust 
Funds, &c. 1858. 

Transactions of the Mississippi State Medical Association, Vol. X. 
187a 



Mississippi University Library. 225 

Documents accompanying President's Message to Congress. 1821. 

Speeches of Calhoun, Webster and Poindexter on Revenue Collection 
Bill. 1833. 

Sigillologia — History of the Great Seal of the Confederate States. 
1873. 

Articles of Association and Agreement of the N. E. Mississippi Land 
Co. 

Views of Hon. B. F. Butler relative to alleged Electoral Frauds in 
Presidential Election. 1876. 

The Louisiana Commercial Almanac. 1873. 

Principles and Maxims of the Art of War, &c. 1863. 

State Liberties, or Right to African Contract Labor. By H. Hughes. 
1858. 

"The Thinker, the True Worker." Funeral Sermon. Col. Hughes. 
By Rev. W. D. Moore. 1862. 

River Hydraulics— Dr. W. J. Carroll. 1878. 

"Castigator's" Letters to Hon. George Poindexter. 1814-1815. 

Brief — Joseph E. Davis vs. Thos. Freeland. Appeal from Warren 
Circuit Court. 

Gov. Foote's Message to Legislature. 1854. 

Address of J. H. B. Latrobe — Law Dept., University of Georgetown, 
D. C. June 4, 1874. 

Charge delivered by Judge Arnold to Grand Jury of Lownes County, 
Miss. 1879. 

Proceedings of Board of Choctaw Commissioners — Col. Claiborne's 
Statement. 1843. 

Address by Hon. J. H. B. Latrobe before the Cumberland Agricul- 
tural Society. 1869. 

Trial of E. M. Yerger. 1869. 

Argument of B. J. Sage in Case of New Hampshire against Louisiana, 
in Supreme Court of United States. 

The Influence of Alcohol — By W. M. Compton. 

Remarks on the Propriety of calling a Committee to amend the 
Constitution of Louisiana. By "A Citizen." 1841. 

The Opinions of the Fathers — Internal Improvements. Collated by 
Hon. J. R. Claiborne. 1878. 

Political Aspects of the Slavery Question — R. W. Thompson. 1855. 

The Union — Past and Future — By A Citizen of Va. 1850. 

Address of Hon. B. F. Butler upon "Necessity for a Non-Exportable 
Currency, of a Fixed and Unchangeable Value." 1875. 

Address of Hon. W. P. Harris before Literary Societies of Missis- 
sippi University. 1879. 

George Fourchy — Before 1st District Court — Parish of Orleans. 

Governor's Message, 1859. 

Governor's Message, i860. 

Memorial Proceedings of Mississippi Legislature in respect to De- 
ceased Members of the House of Representatives. 1877. 

Confederate States Almanac. 1864. 

Argument of Hon. J. D. Freeman in the great Quo Warranto Case 
of Louisiana. 

Argument of Hon. W. W. Humphries on the Veto Message of the 
Governor. 1880. 

Important Documents concerning Texas and the controversy between 
Gen. T. J. Chambers and Messrs. Wilson and Postlethwaite. 1830. 

Proceedings of the Bar on occasion of the Death of Hon. Geo. L. 
Potter. 1877. 

Charge delivered to Grand Jury of Kemper County by Hon. J. S. 
Hamm. 1877. 

Richard S. Graves to the People of Mississippi. 

Oration, 4th July, 1837, at Pt. Gibson, Miss., by Mann Butler. 



226 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Birth-places of Americanism, by Hon. C. D. Robinson, before State 
Historical Society of Wisconsin. 1873. 

Oregon — Facts regarding its Climate, &c. 1876. 

Reasons for Abjuring Allegiance to the See of Rome — By Pierce 
Connelly. 1852. 

Our City's Problem — "What She Owes, and What She Does Not 
Owe"— By C. H. Tebault, M. D. 1877. 

Speech of Rob't Wickliffe, in reply to R. J. Breckenridge. 1840. 

Proceedings of the Livingston Committee, July, 1835, inclosing letter 
from O. J. E. Stewart, P. M., Vernon, Miss., to Hon. Jno. A. Quitman. 

Supreme Court — Richard King, Appellee, vs. Benj. Ballard, Appellant. 

Circular from General Land Office — "How to Obtain Title to Public 
Lands." 1867. 

Topography of the State of Mississippi, by H. Vose. 1835. 

Message from the President of the United States — Laws of the Mis- 
sippi Territory. 1801. 

Address of J. H. B. Latrobe before McDonough Institute, Baltimore, 
Md. Nov. 20, 1880. 

Obituary Addresses delivered in the U. S. Senate on the death of 
Hon. J. C. Calhoun. 1850. 

General Orders — Hd. Qs. District of W. Louisiana, May 23, 1864. 
Maj. Gen. R. Taylor. 

Biennial Message of Gov. J. M. Stone to Legislature of Mississippi. 
1880. 

Speech of Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne on the Motion to Arrest R. M. 
Whitney, of Washington, D. C. Feb'y 10, 1837. 

Proceedings of the Bd. of Choctaw Commissioners — Col. Claiborne's 
Statement. Nov. 30, 1843. 

Speech on the Bill "For the Relief of Jefferson College," by Col. 
Claiborne. Dec, 1830. 

Miscellaneous Pamphlets — Filed : 

The Capitol and Washington at beginning of Present Century — J. H. 
B. Latrobe, before American Institute of Architects. Nov. 16, 1881. 

Sketch of the History of Baltimore — J. H. B. Latrobe. 

West Point Memoranda— J. H. B. Latrobe. 

Report of the Mississippi State Board of Centennial Managers, His- 
torical address of Gen. A. M. West and letter from Hon. J. F. H. 
Claiborne. Dec, 1876. 5 copies. 

Historical Account of Hancock County and Seaboard of Mississippi — 
J. F. H. Claiborne. July 4, 1876. 6 copies. 

Proceedings of the Physico Medical Society of New Orleans on the 
Trial and Expulsion of C. A. Luzenberg. 1838. 

Twenty-sixth Annual Report of the State Historical Society of Wis- 
consin. 1880. 

Papers relative to the Case of the Mississippi Valley and Ship Island 
Railroad. 1872. 

The Pine District of Mississippi — Hon. J. F. H. Claiborne. 

General Orders — Hd. Qs. Dept. of the Gulf, issued by Maj. Gen. B. 
F. Butler. May i-Nov. 9, 1862. 

Gov. McWillie's Message to the Legislature. Nov. 1, 1858. 

Extracts from Minutes of Mississippi Presbytery and Pastoral Let- 
ter — Rev. J. Smylie and Elder Roger Dunn. 1816. 

Historical Sketch of the Associate Reformed Presbyterian ChurcH of 
Bethany, Lee Co., Miss.— Rev. S. A. Agnew. 1881. 

Memorial of a Quarter Century's Pastorate — Sermon by Rev. J. B. 
Stratton, D. D., Jan'y 3 and 17, 1869, Presbyterian Church, Natchez, 
Miss. 



Mississippi University Library. 227 

J. A. Van de Velde and Others vs. The City of Natchez. Argument 
of Ralph North for Appellee. 1858. 

State Liberties — By Henry Hughes. 1858. 

File of Almanacs (Miss. Ty. and La.), 1812-1837, except 1816-1820. 

Books and newspapers : 

Les Galanteries Du Marechal De Bassompierre par Lottin De Laval, 
Vols. I. and III. 1839. 

Annual Report of the Operations of the U. S. Life Saving Service, 
for the Fiscal Year ending June 30, 1877. 

Speeches delivered by Senators and Representatives in Congress on 
different subjects. 1836, 1837. 1 Volume. 

Speeches delivered by Alexander Smyth in the House of Delegates 
and at the Bar, Richmond, Va. 1811. 

The Emigrant's Guide to the Western and South-Western States and 
Territories. William Darby, N. Y. 1818. 

Life of Gen. William Eaton. BrookfieM, Mass. 1813. 

Grammaire Nationale. Bescherelle, Paris, i860. 

Life and Correspondence of Gen. Jno. A. Quitman, by Col. J. F. H. 
Claiborne, N. Y., i860. 2 Vols. 

A View of West Florida — Its Geography, Topography, &c. Jno. Lee 
Williams, Phila. 1827. 

Report of a Select Committee of the Senate on the Harper's Ferry 
Invasion, 36th Congress, 1st Session. 

The Southern Review — Jan'y and Oct., 1867, Jan'y and April, 1868, 
and January, 1869. 

Addresses, Proclamations and Correspondence of Gov. Wm. C. C. 
Claiborne, Governor of the State of La., from Sept. 14, 1812-Nov. 29, 
1814. 

Correspondence of Capt. Isaac Guion, from June 15, 1797-May 14, 
1799- (See also "Guion Papers.") 

Papers and Diary of Capt. Isaac Guion — M'ch 7-Sept. 18, 1798. (See 
"Guion Papers," Book "D.") 

Bound copies of newspapers : 

"Mississippi Free Trader" — July i-Dec. 30, 1841. 
"Mississippi Free Trader" — Jan'y i-June 30, 1842. 
"Louisiana Statesman" — May J 8, 1849-May 15, 1850. 
"Southern Galaxy" — May 22, 1828-May 20, 1830. 
"The Constitutionalist" — Feb'y 22, 1844-Feb'y 19, 1845. 

File of newspapers : 

"Washington Republican," Miss. Ty. — May 14, 1813-Feb'y 16, 1814. 
"Washington Republican," Miss. Ty. — June 8, 1814-Ap'l 12, 1815. 

Pictures : 

Daguerreotype of Gen'l Thos. Hinds. 
Daguerreotype of Hon. Jeff Davis. 
Daguerreotype of Dr. S. A. Cartwright. 
Daguerreotype of Gen. Jno. A. Quitman. 
Photograph of Wm. M. Gwin. 
Photograph of Gen. E. Van Dorn. 



AN ACCOUNT OF MANUSCRIPTS, PAPERS, 

AND DOCUMENTS IN PRIVATE 

HANDS. 






SECTION i. PAPERS OF PROMINENT MISSISSIP- 

PIANS. 

By James M. White:. 
Stephen Adams. 1 
Hon. Stephen Adams (1804-1857) was Circuit Judge, member 
of Congress, and later filled the unexpired term of Henry S. 
Foote in the United States Senate. His addresses in Congress, 
a five page biographical statement regarding his ancestors, and 
a quotation from an address in the heated campaign of 1851, 
are probably all that remain of his papers. The rest were de- 
stroyed by the Federals in 1864. 

T.A.S. Adams. 

T. A. S. Adams (1839-1888) was a preacher, educator, and 
poet. He was eminent as a pulpit orator, as an earnest advo- 
cate of a Methodist male college in Mississippi, and as the au- 
thor of a lengthy epic poem entitled Enscotidion ; or, Shadow of 
Death, published in 1876. He also wrote Aunt Peggy, and Other 
Poems, published in 1882. He was a frequent contributor to the 
N. O. and St. Louis Christian Advocates and other Methodist 
papers. He was a man of varied and profound learning and of 
great literary activity. His literary remains are in the posses- 
sion of his widow, Mrs. Sue A. Adams, Emory, Va. 

Thomas Atftect. 

Thomas Affiect was a prolific writer for the Agricultural jour- 
nals back in the forties and fifties. He lived at Washington, 
Miss. His Southern Rural Almanac and Plantation and Gar- 
den Calendar for 185 1, 1852, 1853, l8 54, and his description of 
the Jefferson County Agricultural and Horticultural Society 
Fair, Washington, Miss., April, 1843, and some other writings 
published in the American Agriculturalist, Vol. IT, are pre- 
served in the Mississippi A. & M. College Library. 

1 A short biographical sketch of Mr. Adams, in manuscript, by Judge 
L. E. Houston, is to be found in the Archives of the Mississippi His- 
torical Society. 



232 Mississippi Historical Society. 

James Lusk Alcorn. 2 

Governor Alcorn (1816-1894) served some twenty years in the 
Legislature, was a Brigadier-General of militia in the Confeder- 
ate service, later Governor of the State, and then United States 
Senator. He was the founder of the Mississippi Levee System, 
and its first president. 

The greater part of his library is in the possession of his son- 
in-law, Hon. E. W. Rector, Hot Springs, Ark. "Nearly all his 
papers, both public and private, were given to the historian Clai- 
borne, and were destroyed by fire when Mr. Claiborne's home 
was burned some years ago. Those that are still in existence 
are in the hands of his widow, Mrs. Amelia W. Alcorn, Eagle's 
Nest, Coahoma Co., Miss." 

Dr. E. M. Alexander. 
Dr. Alexander, of Ripley, Miss., has made the following con- 
tributions to Mississippi history: 

1. A compilation of statistics regarding the population of 
Ripley, Mississippi, at the beginning and at the close of the 
Civil War. This paper was prepared for the Baldwyn Histor- 
ical Society, and the manuscript was left in the custody of that 
society some years ago. At present this society is not at all 
active and it is feared the MS. is lost beyond recovery. 

2. Brief statement regarding Mrs. Nancy McCain, widow of 
a Revolutionary soldier ; John Riley, veteran of the Revolution ; 
Capt. A. M. Jackson, Captain in the Mexican War and Secretary 
of the Territory of New Mexico ; Judge Orlando Davis, Hon. 
John W. Thompson, Hon. Thomas Jefferson Word, Gen. M. P. 
Lowrey, Gen. T. C. Hindman, Gen. Samuel Benton, Col. W. C. 
Falkner, R. Blake Henderson, Mike Reed, and the outlaws, Big 
Harp and Little Harp. This manuscript is in the Archives of 
the Mississippi Historical Society. 

5. Newton Berryhill. 
S. Newton Berryhill (1832-1887) was a teacher, journalist and 
poet. From 1875 to I 88° he was editor of the Columbus (Miss.) 
Democrat and part of the time treasurer of Lowndes county. 

2 Biographical sketches of Gov. Alcorn are to be found in Good- 
speed's Memoirs, and in Universal Biography of Prominent Persons of the 
19th Century. There is also a sketch, in manuscript, in the Archives 
of the Mississippi Historical Society. 



Papers of Prominent Men. 233 

He was author of Backwoods Poems, published by C. C. Martin, 
Columbus, Miss., 1878. His manuscript poems and other writ- 
ings are now in the keeping of his nephew, S. N. Berryhill, of 
Grenada, Miss. 

Bienville. 

"The fate of the private papers of Bienville (1680-1768), as 
well as the official papers coming into his hands has never been 
ascertained. There are but 'two unofficial documents' left by 
him in existence, so far as is now known — a letter to his brother, 
and his will. These have been published in Messrs. Alex. Jo- 
doin and T. L. Vincent's Histoire de Longueuil et de la Famile de 
Longueuil (1889) ; and also in Miss Grace King's Sieur de Bien- 
ville (1893). In the former work is given an account of the de- 
struction of the accumulations of the Longueuil family papers 
in Montreal, 'in order to clear out a garret needed for the quar- 
tering of troops during the affair of the Trent.' Miss King 
had resort in preparing her work to official documents pre- 
served in French's Historical Collections, in Margry's Decouvertes, 
etc. (6 vols.), and in the MSS. collected by Margry and M. 
Magne, which are in the keeping of the Louisiana Historical 
Society. She had such sources in France, as seemed pertinent, 
searched for new data, but with very little result. Bienville's 
last residence in Paris is unknown; and his body rests in an un- 
known grave in Montmarte Cemetery." — (From Report Alabama 
History Commission.) 

William Blount. 

"W. D. Stephens, Los Angeles, Cal., a great-grandson of 
William Blount (1747-1800), is the owner of the remnant of the 
latter's extensive manuscripts and papers. Mr. Blount was 
Governor of the Territory of the U. S. South of the Ohio River, 
1790-1796, and later U. S. Senator from Tennessee. His papers 
throw much light on early affairs in the old Southwest." Copies 
of them are in the manuscript collections of Mr. Thomas M. 
Owen, of Montgomery, Ala. — (Report Alabama History Com- 
mission.) 

Robert Bowman. 

Hon. Robert Bowman is historian for the Camp U. C. V. of 
Yazoo County. He has written sketches of the companies that 
served in the Civil War from Yazoo Countv, incidents of the 



234 Mississippi Historical Society. 

period, and an account of the battles and the skirmishes of that 
county. All in manuscript, over 200 pp. 

George Brame. 

"The Past, Present and Future of West Point, Miss.," a series 
of articles published in newspaper at West Point some years 
ago. Not located. 

(In 1885 a pamphlet on the history and resources of Clay Co. 
was published. A copy has not been located.) 

Gerard Chittocque Brandon. 
Governor Gerard C. Brandon (1788- 1850) was a member of 
the Constitutional Convention of 1817, twice Lieutenant Gov- 
ernor and twice Governor of the State of Mississippi. "He op- 
posed the introduction of Negroes from other States * * * , 
and was sometimes twitted as being the Abolitionist Governor." 
Some years ago a brief sketch of his life was published in the 
Greenville Times. Two brief sketches in manuscript of him are 
in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. His pa- 
pers have not been preserved, either public or private, except 
a few personal letters. 

Walter Brooke? 

Hon. Walter Brooke (1813-1869) served at different times in 
both branches of the State Legislature, was a candidate for 
Congress in 1844, but defeated by Jefferson Davis, was elected 
to United States Senate 1852 to fill out the unexpired term of 
Jefferson Davis, and later was a member of the Confederate- 
Congress. A short biographical sketch of his life was published 
in the Vicksburg Herald soon after his death. His son, C. M. 
Brooke, Kosciusko, has the following to say regarding his "pa- 
pers :" "His public speeches are preserved in the Congressional 
Records and the Confederate Archives." 

Mr. Brooke has a copy of his father's eulogy on Henry Clay 
and a part of his address on the question of the Adoption of a 
Confederate Flag. He left no private papers. 

Thomas B. Carroll. 
Hon. T. B. Carroll lives at Starville, Miss. His History of 
Oktibbeha County from 1830 to 1840, in manuscript, 15 pp., is in 
his possession. 



3 A short sketch of Walker Brooke is to be found in the Archives of 
the Mississippi Historical Society. 



Papers of Prominent Men. 235 

Ferdinand Leigh Claiborne. 

"Dr. J. W. Monette, in a letter to Mr. Pickett from Washing- 
ton, Miss., June 9, 1847, commenting on the papers of Gen. 
Ferdinand L. Claiborne, said: 'Of Gen. Claiborne's papers 
they were too numerous, confused without any order or ar- 
rangement, & it required immense time & labor to examine 
them ; yet close research might disclose other particulars than 
those selected by me/ 

"Gen. Claiborne's papers were subsequently sent to Mr. 
Pickett by Mr. J. F. H. Claiborne, the .son of the General. Mr. 
Pickett acknowledges his indebtedness in the preface of his His- 
tory of Alabama, p. xiv. : 'I will name * * * * etc., etc., 
and particularly, John H. F. Claiborne (sic), of Mississippi, who 
placed in my hands the manuscript papers of his father, Gen. 
F. L. Claiborne, who commanded the Southern wing of the 
army, during the Creek war of 1813 and 1814. The son has 
requested me to present the manuscript papers of his father, 
as a contribution from him, to the Historical Society of A\sl- 
bama. I shall comply with his request upon the first suitable 
occasion.' 

"These were evidently subsequently returned to Mr. Clai- 
borne, as they are now in the Library of the University of Mis- 
sissippi." See that title supra, for description. — (Report Ala- 
bama History Commission.) 

Nathaniel Herbert Claiborne. 

N. H. Claiborne (1777-1859), the author of Notes on the War 
in the South (1819), in a letter to Mr. Pickett from Rocky Moun- 
tain, Va., Oct. 2, 1847, says: "All the documents I had, that 
would be interesting to you, I have parted with long since." — 
(Report Alabama History Commission.) 

William Charles Cole Claiborne. 

"The second Governor of Mississippi Territory was Wm. C. 
C. Claiborne (1775-1817). Many of his papers are in the Clai- 
borne Collection, in the State University, Oxford, Miss. In 
the Secretary of State's Office, Jackson, are several bulky 'Ex- 
ecutive Journals' covering his administration, 1801 to 1803, as 
also some volumes covering his period of service as one of the 



236 Mississippi Historical Society. 

U. S. Commissioners to receive the cession of Louisiana. His 
official communications to the State Department, Washington, 
are found both in the Mississippi and Louisiana Territorial pa- 
pers. It has been recently ascertained that Armand Hawkins, 
an old book dealer, of New Orleans, has three folio volumes, 
containing copies of all official letters sent by Mr. Claiborne, 
during his first term as Governor of the Territory of Orleans, 
1805 et seq. His purely private and personal papers have not 
been discovered. In Claiborne's Mississippi is a likeness and 
sketch, pp. 250-257." — (Report Alabama History Commission.) 

Charles Clark* 

Governor Charles Clark (1810-1877) was Brigadier General 
in the Confederate Army, Governor of State of Mississippi, 
Trustee of University of Mississippi, Chancellor of the 7th 
Chancery Court District. His library, most of his private pa- 
pers and a large number of his public papers have been pre- 
served, and are in the hands of his son, Hon. Fred Clark, Rose- 
dale, Miss. 

Luke W. Conerly. 

Mr. Conerly wrote a historical sketch of Pike County, Miss., 
from its organization to 1876. It was published in the Mag- 
nolia Herald at that time, but is thought to be lost, though it is 
understood that he sent a copy of it to Jackson to be deposited 
in the office of the Secretary of State. 

Sam Dale. 

"If Gen. Sam Dale left any papers, their whereabouts is un- 
known. He was never married. He died in Lauderdale 
county, Miss., north of Meridian, at old Daleville. Claiborne's 
Life and Times of Dale (i860) is said in the preface to be 'con- 
densed from authentic MSS. never yet published.' Notes of 
his personal adventures 'were taken down from his own lips' 
by Claiborne and others." — (Report Alabama History Commis- 
sion, p. 169). 

4 A brief sketch, in manuscript, of Gov. Clark may be found in the 

Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 



Papers of Prominent Men. 237 

Putnam Darden. 5 
Capt. Put Darden (1 836-1 888) was a fluent speaker and close- 
ly identified himself with industrial movements that gave 
promise of relief to our people after the Civil War. He was a 
member of the first Legislature of the State after this war, and 
in the revolution of 1875 an(i ^7^ was a recognized leader. He 
was Master of the State and of the National Grange at the time 
of his death. His home, war-relics, papers, and library were 
all destroyed by fire in 1882. A brief sketch, in manu- 
script, is in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Jefferson Davis. 

President Jefferson Davis's papers, said to contain about six 
thousand titles, are in the archives of the Louisiana Historical 
Society. They were presented to that organization by the 
widow of President Davis in 1900. Mrs. Davis in writing about 
these papers has the following to say: "They have not been 
catalogued yet, and are difficult of access and not so systemat- 
ized as that a historian could use them." The Mississippi His- 
torical Society has a few autograph letters that were written 
by Mr. Davis. 

Joseph R. Davis. 6 

General Joseph R. Davis (1825-1896) was on the staff of 
President Davis with the rank of Colonel and later was made 
Brigadier-General. His papers and extensive library were 
scattered during his absence in the army. The few that are 
preserved are in the possession of his wife and family. 

Orlando Davis. 

Judge Orlando Davis lived in Ripley, Miss., during the war 
and kept an accurate account of the various raiding parties that 
went into Ripley. Extracts from these accounts were pub- 
lished only a few years ago in the Southern Sentinel, Ripley, Miss. 
Neither the original accounts nor the extracts have been lo- 
cated. Judge Davis left many "papers," most of which have 
been destroyed. Those which remain are in the hands of his 
daughter, Miss Anna M. Davis, Holly Springs, Miss. 

5 For sketches of Capt. Darden see Goodspeed's Memoirs, and vol. 
vii., Confederate Military History; also a brief sketch, in manuscript, of 
him in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

6 For sketch of Gen. Davis see Confederate Military History, vol. vii. 



238 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Rueben Davis. 8 

General Reuben Davis (1813-1890) was several times a mem- 
ber of the State Legislature, for one term a member of the Su- 
preme Court of the State, Colonel of the 2nd Mississippi Regi- 
ment that took part in the Mexican War, member of the Fed- 
eral Congress and later of the Confederate Congress. He 
wrote Recollections of Mississippi and Mississippians, which he 
characterized as the "brain child of his old age." A great mass 
of papers belonging to Gen. Davis was destroyed by fire soon 
after the war. 

William Francis Dowd. 

Colonel Wm. F. Dowd (1820-1878) was Colonel of the 24th 
Mississippi regiment, in the War between the States, trustee of 
the University of Mississippi, and a lawyer of marked ability. 
His "papers" are in the hands of his son, J. B. Dowd, Seattle, 
Washington. His address before the Ladies' Memorial Asso- 
ciation and his speech in the Ku-Klux trial deserve special 
mention. The latter was issued in pamphlet. 

Henry Thomas Ellett. 9 

Judge H. T. Ellett (1812-1887) was elected to Congress in 
1846 to fill the unexpired term of Jefferson Davis and later was 
a member of the State Senate and one of the codifiers of the 
code of 1857. He was employed by the State to prepare the 
manuscript of the code for the printers, which work he did in 
Philadelphia, Pa. He was a conspicuous member of the Se- 
cession Convention, and a member of the committee that drew 
up the ordinance of secession, the original draft of which, in 
his own handwriting, is now, with such of his other "papers" as 
have been preserved, in the possession of his widow, Mrs. K. 
C. Ellett, Memphis, Tenn. He was on the Supreme Bench just 
after the war, but soon moved to Memphis, where he died and 
is buried. He bequeathed to the Bar of Memphis his extensive 
law library. 

8 There is a biographical sketch of Gen. Davis, in manuscript, in the 
Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society; also a sketch and pic- 
ture in Confederate Military History, vol. vii. 

9 In the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society is to be found 
an interesting short sketch, in manuscript, of Judge Ellett. Another 
brief sketch of him and his picture will be found in a History of Mis- 
sissippi, by Miss Mary Duval. 



Papers of Prominent Men. 239 

William Christy Falkner. 10 

Col. W. C. Falkner (1823-1889) was Colonel of the 2d Missis- 
sippi Regiment in the Confederate Army, later Colonel of the 
7th Cavalry under Chalmers. He built and operated the nar- 
row guage railroad now known as the Gulf and Chicago R. R. 
He is the author of the White Rose of Memphis, Little Brick 
Church, and Rapid Ramblings in Europe. "He never held office, 
but on the day of his death, had been elected to the Missis- 
sippi Legislature, and a resolution introduced by his successor, 
L. Pink Smith, and adopted by that body, contains a biograph- 
ical sketch of his life." See Prof. Bandurant's study on "Wil- 
liam C. Falkner, Novelist." in the Publications of the Miss. Hist. 
Soc, Vol. II., pp. 1 13-127. 

His "papers" and most of his library are in the possession of 
his son, J. W. T. Falkner, Oxford, Miss. 

Winiield Scott Featherston. 11 

General W. S. Featherston (1820-1891) served two terms in 
Congress before the war and was Colonel of the 17th Missis- 
sippi Regiment and later Brigadier-General in the Confederate 
service. He was a member of the State Legislature in 1876 
and again in 1880, when he was Chairman of the Judiciary Com- 
mittee, which promulgated the new code. He was six years 
on the circuit bench and was a conspicuous member of the Con- 
stitutional Convention of 1890. His son, D. M. Featherston, 
Holly Springs, Miss., has his law library and all his papers that 
are preserved. These embrace the complete record of his mil- 
itary services and of the troops under his command. 

Henry Stuart Foote. 

The papers and correspondence of Governor H. S. Foote 
(1804-1880) are thought to have been lost. His son, H. S. 
Foote, Jr., San Francisco, Cal., writes that he is not aware of 
the existence of such documents. 

10 In the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society is to be found 
a brief sketch, in manuscript, of Col. W. C. Falkner. 

11 A biographical sketch, in manuscript, of Gen. Featherstone is to 
be found in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. Another 
is found in Confederate Military History, vol. vii. 



240 Mississippi Historical Society. 

R. H. Forman. 
Mr. Forman lives at Natchez, Miss. He has a History of 
Jefferson County, Miss., in newspaper form. It was published 
about 1858 or i860. 

/. T. Freeman. 

Dr. J. T. Freeman is a citizen of Oktibbeha County. He first 
moved to that county in 1848, and has lived there off and on 
ever since. In 185 1 he delivered an address at the laying of 
the corner stone of the first Masonic Temple and Odd Fellows* 
Hall, built in Starkville. This address, slightly changed, was 
later used on a similar occasion in Lexington, Miss., and the 
lodges there issued it in pamphlet form. Dr. Freeman still has 
a copy of that address. 

James Z. George. 

Hon. J. Z. George (1826-1897) served in the Mexican War, 
was Captain and later Brigadier-General in the Confederate 
army. He was a member of the Secession Convention and in 
1875 and 1876 was Chairman of the State Democratic Execu- 
tive Committee, and in 1881 entered the United States Senate 
and remained a member the rest of his life. He was a leader 
in the State Constitutional Convention of 1890. George's Mis- 
sissippi Digest embraces all the decisions of the High Court of 
Errors and Appeals and of the Supreme Court of the State from 
1817 to 1870. His History of Reconstruction, which it is under- 
stood lacks one chapter of being completed, is still in manu- 
script and is in the custody of his son, J. W. George, Yazoo 
City. His papers are in the possession of his family. 

William Mercer Green. 

Right Rev. Wm. M. Greene (1798-1887) was born in North 
Carolina and in 1850 came to Jackson as the first Bishop of the 
Diocese of Mississippi and remained in active service until 1883. 
His best known publications are his Memoirs of the Right Rev- 
erend Bishop Ravenscroft of North Carolina and The Life of 
the Right Reverend Bishop Otey of Tennessee. His valuable 
library and papers were destroyed by the Federal soldiers in 
Jackson, Miss., in 1863. A few sermons were saved, and those, 
with the sermons written after the war, are in the hands of his 
daughter, at Sewannee, Tenn. All his papers pertaining to the 



Papers of Prominent Men. 241 

Diocese of Miss, are in the hands of his successor, Bishop 
Thompson, of Jackson, Miss. A brief biographical sketch in 
manuscript of Bishop Green is on file in the Archives of the 
Mississippi Historical Society. 

Richard Griffith. 12 

General Richard Griffith (1815-1862) was Adjutant of the 
First Mississippi Regiment of Mississippi Riflemen in the Mex- 
ican War, and twice State Treasurer. He was elected Colonel 
of the 12th Mississippi, Confederate Army, and later appointed 
Brigadier-General, commanding brigade composed of the 13th, 
17th, 18th and 21st Mississippi Regiments. 

His library and papers were destroyed by the Federals during 
the Civil War. 

Isaac Guion. 

The Claiborne Collection, at the University of Mississippi, 
contains the "Letters and Papers of Maj. Isaac Guion" (17 — 
1825). No other literary remains of this prominent Mississip- 
pian have been located. 

William Hall. 

William Hall, once a citizen of Yazoo City, wrote for the 
Delta, a newspaper published in New Orleans in the forties. His 
caricatures of some of the pioneer settlers of Yazoo Co. were 
issued in book from under the title, Polly's Wedding and Other 
Stories. A copy of this volume has not been located. 

/. 5". Hamm. 

Hon. J. S. Hamm was a lawyer by profession and was made 
Circuit Judge of the old seventh judicial district of Mississippi 
in 1876. He left many papers. These are not yet assorted 
and classified. They are in the possession of his widow at Me- 
ridian, Miss. 

Hardy Henry Hargrove. 

Hon. H. H. Hargrove (1852-1901) was a Mississippian by 
birth and education, and a journalist by profession. He warm- 
ly championed the subject of public education, and promoted 
in many ways the industrial development of his section. For 

12 A short sketch, in manuscript, of Gen. Griffith is to be found in 
the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 



242 Mississippi Historical Society. 

three years he presided over the Southern Industrial Conven- 
tion, and was directly instrumental in the establishment of many 
cotton mills in the South. His "History of Cotton Mills in 
Mississippi" was printed in the New Orleans Daily Picayune of 
April 30, 1900; and his "Labor and Capital, the Need of the 
South," in the New York Independent, June 20, 1901. His last 
address was delivered before the Mississippi A. & M. College 
June 19, 1901, and was published in full in the New Orleans 
Picayune June 20, 1901. He left many "papers," which are to 
be found in the hands of his widow, Airs. W. W. Hargrove, 
Shreveport, La. 

William Littleton Harris. 13 

Judge W. L. Harris (1809- 1868) was a member of the law 
firm of Harris and Harrison, later Circuit Judge, and then on 
the Supreme bench of the State. Just before Mississippi se- 
ceded, he was offered a seat on the Supreme Bench of the 
United States to fill the place made vacant by Justice Daniel. 
He was associated with Judge Handy and Judge Ellett in codi- 
fying the laws of the State. His "papers" and books were de- 
stroyed in Jackson, Miss., by the Federals in 1863. His legal 
decisions have been published. 

His daughter, Mrs. C. C. H. Young, Columbus, Miss., has a 
copy of the biographical sketch of Judge Harris published in 
the Memphis Avalanche in Nov., 1868, of the action of the Bar of 
the High Court of Errors and Appeals of Mississippi, pub- 
lished in the Jackson Clarion, Nov. 30, 1868, and also a copy of 
the action of the Memphis Bar on the occasion of his death. 

John Henderson. 14 

John Henderson was born in Scotland, 1755, came to the 
"Natchez County" in 1775, and died in 1840. "He was an elder 
and an organizer of the first Presbyterian Church of the South- 
West, Pine Ridge Church, near Natchez." His son, Thomas 
Henderson, was cashier of a branch of the United States Bank, 
located at Natchez. His grandson is J. W. Henderson of Nat- 
chez, who descended, on the mother's side, from Israel Put- 

13 In Lynch' s Bench and Bar of Mississippi will be found a sketch of 
Judge Harris. 

14 Short sketches, in manuscript, of John Henderson and his son, 
Thomas, are on file in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 



Papers of Prominent Men. 243 

nam of Revolutionary War fame. If the papers of the early 
Hendersons are extant they have not yet been located. 

John Henderson. 

Hon. John Henderson (1795-1857), was an able lawyer, a State- 
Senator from Wilkinson Co. and later in the U. S. Senate. His 
papers are in the possession of his son, Elliot Henderson, Pass 
Christian, Miss. A biographical sketch is to be found in Good- 
speed's Memoirs and also in Lynch's Bench and Bar of Missis- 
sippi. The resolutions of the Supreme Court of the State upon 
his life and character are in 3 George (32 Mississippi Report). 

Robert Andrews Hill. 

Judge R. A. Hill (1811-1900) was born in North Carolina. 
He afterwards lived in Tennessee, from which State he came to 
Mississippi in August, 1855. He filled successively the posi- 
tions of Probate Judge, Chancellor, delegate to the Constitu- 
tional Convention of 1865, and Federal Judge. During his 
term as Federal Judge (1866-1891) he rendered many important 
decisions, which are matters of record. In a sketch of his life 
in Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Missis- 
sippi (Vol. I., pp. 922-929) will be found an elaborate presenta- 
tion of his judicial career and a discussion of many of the legal 
questions which came before him while he was on the Federal 
bench. An excellent tribute to his character will be found in 
Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory, and State, p. 422, 
note. A brief autobiographical sketch, which was prepared for 
the Mississippi Historical Society just before his death, is now 
in its Archives. At the time of his death he was contemplating 
the preparation of an elaborate account of the Reconstruction 
period in Mississippi history, which account he had promised 
to the State Historical Society in response to a request from 
its Secretary. His family now has his papers, which contain 
little that is of more than strictly personal interest. 

Thomas Carmichael Hindman. 15 

General T. C. Hindman (1829- ? ) was at one time a member 
of the State Legislature, moved to Arkansaw about 1854 and 
was twice elected to Congress from that State. While quite 

10 A biographical sketch, in manuscript, of Gen. Hindman is to be 
found in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 



244 Mississippi Historical Society. 

young he enlisted in the Mexican War and was soon made a 
Lieutenant. He entered the Confederate service as Colonel of 
Hindman's Regiment, and for bravery on the field at Shiloh 
was promoted to Major-General. 

His son, Biscoe Hindman, Louisville, Ky., has this to say re- 
garding Gen. Hindman's papers: "I beg to say that General 
Marcus J. Wright received all of his papers from me some years 
ago for official use in the Confederate Archives prepared by him 
at Washington." "I expect that complete record of these pa- 
pers could be obtained from him." 

David Holmes. 

"In the Claiborne Collection, at the State University, Oxford, 
Miss., are some papers and documents of David Holmes (1769- 
1832), fourth Governor of Mississippi Territory. Copies of 
many others are in the State Department, Washington. Dur- 
ing his administration occurred the Creek War, Indian Land 
cessions, expansion of population, etc. The "Executive Jour- 
nals" for the period, 1809-1817, are in the office of the Secretary 
of State of Mississippi, Jackson. What became of his personal 
and private papers is unknown. His likeness is in Claiborne's 
Mississippi, which also contains a sketch, pp. 302-303." — (Report 
Alabama History Commission.) 

Locke E. Houston. 1 * 

Judge L. E. Houston (1814-1897) was a member of the State 
Legislature 1848, Speaker of the House of Representatives in 
1863, member of the Constitutional Convention of 1865, and 
Circuit Judge 1887. His large law library is now in the pos- 
session of his son, D. W. Houston, Aberdeen, Miss. Very few 
if any, of his papers are preserved. 

Benjamin G. Humphreys. 

Gov. B. G. Humphreys (1808-1882) was a native of Missis- 
sippi and born in Claiborne Co. Gen. Robert Lowry says of 
him, in his History of Mississippi : "His name will long remain 
the synonym for knightly honor, for fidelity to every trust, for 
loyalty to every duty." It is understood that he left, in manu-. 

16 Printed biographies of Judge Houston are in the Houston Family 
Book; Davis's Recollections of Mississippi and Mississippians, and in Good- 
speed's Memoirs. 



Papers of Prominent Men. 245 

script, a volume of Reminiscences and that it is in the posses- 
sion of his son, who lives at Greenwood, Miss. At present no 
further statement can be made regarding his other papers. 

Dimpsey Pickett Jackson. 

D. P. Jackson (1796-1874) was a Whig and bitterly opposed 
secession. He was a member of the State Legislature, 1842, 
and strongly opposed repudiation. His daughter, Mrs. Kate A. 
Baily, Washington, Miss., has three of his letters bearing these 
dates: Jackson, Miss., Jan. 27, 1842; Jackson, Miss., Feb'y 3, 
1842; Jackson, Miss., Feb'y 20, 1842. These letters are of a 
private nature, but they are interesting and show quite con- 
clusively what Mr. Jackson thought of the majority and of their 
measures in the Legislature of that year. Mrs. Baily also has 
a statement regarding her father and his contemporaries and an- 
cestors by J. F. H. Claiborne. Mr. Jackson's home and papers 
were destroyed by fire in 1879. 

S. A. Jonas and R. E. Houston. 

Messrs. Jonas and Houston live at Aberdeen, Miss. Some 
years ago they wrote a pamphlet, entitled The History and Re- 
sources of Aberdeen and Monroe County. Mr. Jonas has also 
written many poems and much else of interest. 

Walter Leake Keirn. 

Dr. W. L. Keirn (1830-1900) was a Whig, and later a Demo- 
crat. He was several times a member of the State Legislature, 
was a member of the Secession Convention, and also of the 
Constitutional Convention of 1890. His daughter, Miss Mary 
Keirn, Kosciusko, Miss., writes that he left no papers worthy of 
note. A brief sketch of his life, in manuscript, is in the Archives 
of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Benjamin King. 11 

Benjamin King (1822-1884) was a member of the Secession 
Convention, and, although previously a Whig and strong Union 
man, voted for the Ordinance of Secession. He was Colonel of 
a regiment of State troops, 1863, and after the war was in the 
State Senate, and later was a candidate for Governor, but was 

17 A short sketch of Col. King is on file in the Archives of the Mis- 
sissippi Historical Society. 



246 Mississippi Historical Society. 

defeated by Robert Lowry. His public and private papers, 
few of which are extant, are in the hands of his children, Ben- 
jamin King, Beauregard, Miss., and Mrs. I. K. Bloom, Mag- 
nolia, Miss. 

M. H. Lack. 

Mr. Lack wrote "Early History of Scott County," a series of 
articles published in a newspaper at Hillsboro, Miss. It is pre- 
served in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Lucius Q. C. Lamar. 

L. C. Q. Lamar (1825-1893) was a Legislator, Representa- 
tive in Congress, member of the Secession Convention, Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel in the Confederate Army,. Confederate Envoy to 
Russia, member of the Faculty of the University of Mississippi, 
United States Senator, Secretary of the Interior and Associate 
Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. 

Mayes' Lucius Q. C. Lamar; His Life, Times, and Speeches 
gives a full account of his career. Justice Lamar's literary re- 
mains are in the possession of the Hon. Edward Mayes, Jack- 
son, Miss. 

Walter Leake. 

Governor Walter Leake (1762-1825) came from Virginia to 
Mississippi while it was a Territory, and served as a Judge. He 
was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1817, U. S. 
Senator and twice Governor of the State. None of his papers, 
except those among the Public Records, are preserved. His 
granddaughter, Mrs. M. A. Terrell, has two short obituary no- 
tices, copies of which are on file in the Archives of the Missis- 
sippi Historical Society. 

Greenwood LeFlore. 

Mrs. P. J. Leflore, widow of Greenwood Leflore (1800- ?) lives 
at "Malmaison," the home of the old chief, with her daughter, 
Mrs. J. C. Harris, and granddaughter, Mrs. W. L. Ray. They 
have some papers of the chief, extracts and copies of which 
were furnished the historian, Claiborne, for his work entitled 
Mississippi as a Province, Territory, and State. 

His widow has his library, his sword and many souvenirs. 

Mr. J. C. Harris, Sr., of Greenwood, Miss., the son-in-law of 
Col. Leflore, writes as follows : 



Papers of Prominent Men. 247 

"Some years ago I was called on by Col. J. F. H. Claiborne, of 
Natchez, Miss., for all the information I could give him as to Col Le- 
flore's life. He and Col. Leflore were old acquaintances and friends, 
and he knew much not only of him, but of old Major Leflore, his 
father. I sent him many facts and about all the information I could 
gain, which made quite a lengthy document. Col. Claiborne's first 
volume came out with but little said about Greenwood Leflore. But 
if his History of Mississippi had been completed there would, as he 
said, have been much more about Leflore in the next volume. But 
Col. Claiborne's house, papers and all were burned, and suffice it to 
say I fear we shall never get the History of Mississippi, such as he 
would have given us, had he lived and had his papers never been 
burned." 

Henry Lewis. 

Dr. Henry Lewis came to Manchester (now Yazoo City), 
Mississippi, about 1840, read medicine in the office of Dr. Wash- 
ington Dorsey, and later was graduated from a medical college 
in Louisville, Ky. While yet young he was drowned, 1850. 
His claim to literary distinction rests on his humorous produc- 
tions, at least one of these, Louisiana Swamp Doctor, is still 
extant. 

There is in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society 
an interesting short sketch, in manuscript, of Dr. Lewis by 
Judge Robert Bowman. 

W. T. Lewis. 

Mr. Lewis' "Centennial History of Winston County" (1876) 
appeared as a series of articles in a newspaper published at 
Louisville, Miss. It is preserved in the Archives of the Missis- 
sippi Historical Society. 

Jeff Liddell. 

Mr. Liddell's interesting letter to P. W. Hemphill, written 
from Buena Vista, Mexico, under date Jan., 1848, is in the pos- 
session of the Shaw family, Carrollton, Miss. 

/. A. Limerick. 

Mr. Limerick lives at Rodney, Miss. He has written a sketch 
of Rodney and Vicinity, and this interesting manuscript is on file 
in the Mississippi Historical Society Archives. 

W. Lowndes Lipscomb. 

Dr. Lipscomb's "History of Columbus, Miss." (a series of 
articles), was published in The Columbus Commercial, 1901. The 
letter introducing this history is as follows : 



248 Mississippi Historical Society. 

"I ask the privilege of contributing to the columns of your valuable 
paper, The Columbus Commercial, a series of chapters to be entitled, 'A 
History of Columbus, Mississippi^ during the 19th Century.' 

"The investigations, facts and incidents have been taken from the 
public records and histories of the State of Mississippi, and from well 
authenticated reminiscences from citizens of Columbus and Lowndes 
county. I write these chapters as a tribute to the beautiful city of 
Columbus, which for sixty-nine years has been my much loved and only 
home." 

Augustus Baldwin Longstreet. 

Chancellor A. B. Longstreet (1799-1870) was an educator and 
author. He was born in Georgia, and came to Mississippi as 
Chancellor of the University. Among his works may be men- 
tioned : Letters from Georgia to Massachusetts ; Letters to Clergy- 
men of the Northern Methodist Church; A Review in the Decision 
of the U. S. Supreme Court in the Case of McCidlough vs. the 
State of Maryland; Georgia Scenes; Master William Mitten. His 
papers have not been preserved. His library was given to Ed- 
ward Mayes, Jackson, Miss. 

D. C. Love. 

Mr. Love is a citizen of Lowndes county. His pamphlet, 
The Prairie Guards (19 pp., 1890), a history of their organiza- 
tion, heroism, battles, and triumphs, is in the Archives of the 
Mississippi Historical Societ}'. 

Mark P. Lowrey. 

General M. P. Lowrey (1828-1885) was a faithful soldier and 
citizen. He rose to the rank of Brigadier-General in the Con- 
federate service, and was the founder of Blue Mountain Female 
College. He left many valuable papers, but these were destroy- 
ed by fire at Blue Mountain a few months ago. 

Andrew Marschalk. 

Colonel Andrew Marschalk (1767-1838) was born in New 
York, and as a Revolutionary soldier held three commissions 
under George Washington. Some years later he came to the 
Territory of Mississippi, "where he established a newspaper in 
1801, which he continued to edit, under various names, until 
1833." Fortunately, many of these papers are still preserved. 
and are in the hands of a great-granddaughter, Miss Mary A. 
Stuart, of Natchez, Miss. For list and date of these papers see 
list of newspapers in private hands, in this Report (infra). 



Papers of Prominent Men. 249 

Two short sketches, in manuscript, of Col. Marschalk's life 
are in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Charles Kimball Marshall. 

Rev. C. K. Marshall (1811-1891) was born in Maine, but 
came to Mississippi in early manhood. He was intensely South- 
ern in "his convictions and attachments," and his noble life was 
a benediction to the people with whom he lived and died. It 
is understood that his papers, private and public, are in the cus- 
tody of Bishop Galloway, of Jackson, Miss. There is a twenty 
page sketch, in pamphlet, of the life of Dr. Marshall, by Bishop 
C. B. Galloway, in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical 
Society. 

Thomas Nelson Martin. 

Hon. T. N. Martin (1807-1886) came to what is now Hope- 
well, Mississippi from North Carolina in 1836. In 1846 he 
began to edit the Southern Patriot at Houston, Miss. His force- 
ful editorials were lost with the destruction of the file of his 
paper. He was a member of the State Senate in 1865, and was 
active in getting restored to the State large sums of the Chick- 
asaw School Fund loaned to the Mobile & Ohio and other rail- 
roads in aid of their construction before the war. (Senate Jour- 
nal, 1865, pp. 139, 141, 142. Laws, 1865, p. 147.) In regard to 
his historical sketch of Chickasaw County, Judge W. S. Bates 
has this to say: "I find it incomplete. The original, as pub- 
lished, having been furnished to Col. Claiborne at his request 
when gathering up material for his Mississippi History, and was 
burned with his residence." It is understood, however, that a 
complete copy of this history is to be found in the Archives of 
the Mississippi Historical Society, where a sketch of Mr. Mar- 
tin's life may also be found. 

Joseph Warren Matthews. 

Governor Matthews was born in South Carolina. When 
quite young he immigrated with his father to Marion county, 
Alabama. Governor Matthews received a good English educa- 
tion in the district schools of this county and afterwards taught 
in the same for several years. He was also surveyor of this 
county until he came to Mississippi. He was among the first 
white settlers in North Mississippi, it being then the home of 



250 Mississippi Historical Society. 

the Indians. His first occupations after coming to this State, 
in addition to farming, were surveying and speculating in "wild 
lands." Governor Matthews was a member of the Christian 
Church and was a Royal Arch Mason. He was married to 
Miss Martha Jones, of Richmond, Virginia. 

At the request of his friends, he entered politics and was re- 
peatedly a member of the Legislature as a senator or a repre- 
sentative. He was a true Democrat and was deeply devoted to 
the interest and welfare of his adopted State. In 1847 ne was 
elected Governor of Mississippi and served a term of two 3^ears. 
Declining a reelection, he returned to his home in Marshall 
county, Miss. His library and papers were destroyed by the 
Federal troops in the War between the States. 

Robert Burns Mayes. 18 
Judge R. B. Mayes (1820-1884) was born in Kentucky, came 
to Mississippi in early life, and was from 1852 until his death 
a citizen of Yazoo county. He was a lawyer and, while prac- 
ticing his profession and serving on the bench as Probate Judge, 
wrote upon many topics, religious, political, and literary. Some 
of his papers appeared in DeBow's Review and other period- 
icals. He rendered material aid in the preparation of Andrew's 
Mississippi Digest (1881). His best known work possibly is 
Tecnobaptist. His magnum opus, A Digest of the Laws of Moses, 
was burned in manuscript. His greatest poetical efforts are his 
forty-five Sonnets on Repudiation, while the noblest of his po- 
ems is said to be the one entitled "These Three," founded on 1st 
Corinthians, 13 113. His papers and manuscripts are in the cus- 
tody of his widow and his son, R. B. Mayes, of Yazoo City. 

Edward McGehee. 

Judge Edward McGehee (1786- ?) was a promoter of the ma- 
terial interests of his country. He built cotton factories, rail- 
roads, and established schools and churches. 

His papers passed through two fires, one by the Federal sol- 
diers, and one at the home of his son, H. B. McGehee ; so that 
all his early papers are lost. The early chartering of railroads 

18 A biographical sketch of Judge Mayes is to be found in the proceed- 
ings of Sovereign Grand Lodge of Odd Fellows held in Topeka, Kan- 
sas, Sept. 15, 1890. Also a brief sketch, in manuscript, by Judge Rob- 
ert Bowman, is on file in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical 
Society. 



Papers of Prominent Men. 251 

by Judge McGehee is a matter of record in the volumes of the 
Mississippi and Louisiana Acts of the Legislatures from 1830 
to 1836. For records mostly personal of him see Goodspeed's 
Memoirs of Mississippi and Mrs. W. C. Stubb's Early Settlers, 
Notes, and Genealogies. 

George S. McMillan. 

Judge G. S. McMillan (1829-1900) was a native of New York, 
came to Monticello, Miss., in 1847, was a member of the State 
Legislature and later was private secretary to Gov. McRae. 
He was District Attorney from 1857 to 1869, and was Chancel- 
lor in 1871. 

His papers are in the hands of his son, A. M. McMillan, 
Brookhaven, Miss. Among these papers are to be found ar- 
ticles bearing on Mississippi history and on the lives and char- 
acter of some Mississippians of note. His historical sketch of 
Lawrence County has not been found, though at the time of the 
delivery of this address, July 4, 1876, at Monticello, Miss., it 
was agreed that a copy should be kept in the court house there 
and that another copy should be sent to Jackson, Miss., to be 
deposited in the office of the Secretary of State. A sketch of 
Judge McMillan is to be found in the Archives of the Missis- 
sippi Historical Society. (After the Report had gone to press, 
a copy of Judge McMillan's sketch of Lawrence county was re- 
ported to be in the New York State Library. — Editor). 

Alexander Gallatin McNutt. 

Governor McNutt (1802-1844) was a native of Virginia, and 
Governor of the State of Mississippi from 1838 to 1842. He 
died away from home, Oct. 2, 1844, while canvassing the State 
for the U. S. Senate, and was buried at Jackson, Miss. Such of 
his papers as had been preserved were destroyed by fire in 1889. 
Mr. A. G. Paxton, Hollandale, Miss., has a large portrait of him. 
A brief sketch of his life is to be found in Lynch's Bench and 
Bar of Mississippi. 

William McQueen. 

Mr. McQueen (1 786-1 832) wrote a sketch of his life for his 
own family. It is in manuscript, 12 pp. foolscap, closely writ- 
ten. Mr. McQueen was born in South Carolina and in the early 
years of the nineteenth century was a farm overseer in that 



252 Mississippi Historical Society. 

State. He later lived in Alabama. This manuscript is in the 
possession of E. C. Spooner, West Point, Miss. 

John Johnson McRae. 

Governor J. J. McRae (181 5-1868) was a native of North Car- 
olina but early came to Mississippi. He was Speaker of the 
House of Representatives, Governor of the State, several times 
elected to Congress, and, when Mr. Davis became Secretary of 
War, filled his unexpired term in the U. S. Senate. He was a 
member of the Confederate Congress. He died while visiting 
a brother at Belize, British Honduras, where he is buried. All 
his private and public papers are lost. 

A brief sketch, in manuscript, of him is on file in archives of 
the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Cowles Mead. 

General Cowles Mead (1 776-1 844) was born in Virginia and 
died at his plantation home, "Greenwood," one mile from Clin- 
ton, Miss., where he was buried. He was Secretary of the Ter- 
ritory of Mississippi and from June 6, 1806, until Jan., 1807, 
acted as Governor of said Territory. 19 He was a member of 
the first Constitutional Convention, 1817. Mrs. Cabell, Clin- 
ton, Miss., has the following to say about the fate of Gen. 
Mead's papers: "The homestead Greenwood was burned by 
the Federal Army during the Civil War, and with it Gen. Mead's 
library and papers." In this connection, the following state- 
ment of Mr. F. Barksdale, Yazoo City, is of interest: 

"The correspondence of Gen. Cowles Mead from 1805 to 1807 passed 
through my hands in 1856 or 1857 on the way to the State Library at 
Oxford, this State, and is most interesting and valuable. Gov. Mead's 
son (C. G. M.) lived then near this place. The correspondence alluded 
to was sent to me by his order to be forwarded as above stated, and I 
read much of it. You will find letters of the exciting period in which 
they were written fascinating and almost indispensible to a historian." 

Further investigation leads us to believe that this correspon- 
dence is also lost. 

Short biographical sketches, in manuscript, of Gen. Mead 
are on file in the Mississippi Historical Society Archives. 

19 The Legislative Council of the Mississippi Territory met while 
Mead was acting Governor, and it is understood that the Journal of 
that meeting, containing his "Messages" to the Council during that 
session, is preserved, and is in the State Library at Jackson. 



Papers of Prominent Men. 253 

T. L. Mendenhall. 

Mr. Mendenhall's "History of Simpson County," a series of 
articles published at Westville, Miss., in The Weekly News, has 
not been located. 

William Oliver. 

Capt. William Oliver (1829-1891) was a native of Georgia, 
but came to Mississippi from Louisiana in 1871 as Secretary 
and Treasurer of the Mississippi Mills. These mills were great- 
ly extended and built up under his successful management. It 
was thought that his papers would throw additional light on the 
industrial history of Mississippi, but if such papers exist they 
have not yet been found. 

Andrew Patterson. 

Mr. Patterson was a citizen of Yazoo Co., Miss., and his 
pamphlet entitled Third Book of Chronicles is a burlesque on 
the quarantine against the epidemic of yellow fever in 1853. A 
copy has not been found. 

James Hervey Otey. 

The Rt. Rev. James Hervey Otey (? -1863) was prominently 
connected with the Episcopal Church in Mississippi. His ca- 
reer in Mississippi is the subject of a paper in the Publications 
of the Mississippi Historical Society, Vol. III., pp. 139-145. 
Bishop Otey's Diary covering the period of his services in Mis- 
sissippi is in the possession of his daughter, Mrs. Donna Otey 
Compton, of Washington, D. C. 

David Lewis P hares. 

Dr. D. L. Phares (1817-1892) was a scientist, educator, au- 
thor, and a founder of colleges. He graduated from the Louis- 
iana State College in 1837, and took the first A. B. degree ever 
issued in the State of Louisiana. He was at one time State 
Health Officer, and member of the State Medical Board, and 
for nine years Professor of Biology in the Mississippi A. & M. 
College. 

At the request of the Legislature he prepared a report on 
seven hundred medical plants grown in Mississippi, with sci- 
entific names, relations, and therapeutical uses. Many of these 
plants were new to the profession. The fields of his investiga- 



254 Mississippi Historical Society. 

tion were extensive, and he wrote valuable papers on medicine, 
natural history, veterinary science, improved farming, educa- 
tion, and religion. 

Among his best known works are, Farmer's Book of Grasses 
and Synopsis of Medical Flora of Mississippi. A sketch, in man- 
uscript, of Dr. Phares may be found in the Archives of the Mis- 
sissippi Historical Society. A portrait of Dr. Phares is in the A. 
& M. College Library. 

M. W. Philips. 

Dr. M. W. Philips ( ?-i889) was for years identified with 
philanthropic, educational and agricultural work. He was a 
member of the first board of trustees of Hillman College (for- 
merly Central Female Institute) and was also a prominent 
member of the board of trustees of Mississippi College. He 
was placed in charge of the newly established Department of 
Agriculture in the University of Mississippi in 1872. He had 
previously edited with ability a popular agricultural journal pub- 
lished in Memphis, Tenn. Although the Agricultural Depart- 
ment did not succeed, its failure was due more to circumstances 
than to any lack of ability on the part of Dr. Philips. Dr. Hil- 
gard, in a report to the board of trustees of the University 
(1873), says : ''Few men laboring under similar difficulties 
would have accomplished as much as Dr. Philips is able to 
show." Dr. Philips was a contributor to DeBow's Review and 
to other publications of a high order. His papers are in the 
possession of his widow, at Oxford, Miss. 

George Poindexter. 

The political and private papers of George Poindexter (?- 
1855), third delegate from Mississippi Territory, and second 
Governor of the State, form a part of the Claiborne Collection, 
now in the University of Mississippi. The following interest- 
ing note is taken from Claiborne's History : 

"Some time after the death of Mr. Poindexter, I applied by letter 
to his representative for his papers, with a view of writing his biogra- 
phy, but a gentleman living in Jackson, who had been for the last 
twelve months very much with him, and proposed to write his memoirs, 
was preferred. During the war this gentleman came to my residence 
at Bay St. Louis, and informed me that he was going to Europe, and 
offered me the papers for $300 in gold. The terms were accepted. 
There are very many of these letters and other papers, referring to all 



Papers of Prominent Men. 255 

his personal quarrels, and dealing very freely with the frailties of his 
contemporaries during the whole course of his public career." 20 

One of Poindexter's letters is published in the fourth volume 
of the Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society. (See 
supra). 

Sargeant Smith Prentiss. 

S. S. Prentiss (1808- 1850) was a native of Maine, but in his 
young manhood came to Mississippi, where he spent the best 
years of his life. His name is identified with Mississippi and 
his fame as an orator, a statesman and a jurist adorns the pages 
of its history. 

S. S. Prentiss, Jr., New Orleans, writes, that the only papers 
of S. S. Prentiss which are of public interest are contained in 
the Memoirs by his brother, the Rev. George L. Prentiss (Scrib- 
ners). Beyond these the papers, etc., now in the possession of 
the surviving members of the family, are of a purely private 
character. 

John Anthony Quitman. 

Governor J. A. Quitman (1 799-1858) was a Major-General in 
the Mexican War, Governor of the State, and a member of 
Congress. 

His daughter, Mrs. Rosalie Quitman Duncan, of Natchez, 
Miss., writes as follows regarding his papers: 

"I must add that in 1859 many valuable letters and papers were sent 
to Mr. J. F. H. Claiborne and were never returned to the family, his 
own death and his house burning down soon afterwards are sufficient 
reason for their loss; some years ago we heard that a number of pa- 
pers relating to my father and found amongst Mr. Claiborne's effects 
had been placed among valuable State papers in the State House in 
Jackson, Miss. Of course my sister and I have many letters of a pub- 
lic and private nature." 

The following are subjects upon which he made important 
speeches while in Congress : The Powers of the Federal Gov- 
ernment with Regard to the Territories; The Subject of the 
Neutrality Laws. The principal biography of Gov. Quitman is 
Claiborne's Life and Correspondence of John A. Quitman. Por- 
tions of his Mexican Campaign are in the Autobiography of Col. 
George T. M. Davis, of New York, and in a History by Gen. 
Cadmus Wilcox. There are also some pamphlet sketches in 

20 Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory and State, p. 414. 
17 



256 Mississippi Historical Society. 

the possession of the family, and also a sketch in Lynch's Bench 
and Bar of Mississippi. Mrs. Duncan, his daughter, has con- 
tributed a brief sketch of his life to the fourth volume of the 
Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Reuben Oscar Reynolds. 
R. O. Reynolds (1832-1887), was chosen Supreme Court Re- 
porter in 1866, elected to the State Senate 1875, and continued 
as Senator till his death. It is believed that his papers are not 
preserved. Sketches of his life are to be found in Davis' Recol- 
lections and in Goodspeed's Memoirs. 

Francis Marion Rogers. 
Judge F. M. Rogers was born in Georgia, moved to Missis- 
sippi when a child. At the age of twenty-six was Circuit Judge. 
He was the Whig nominee for Governor; but was defeated by 
McRea. He was killed at Fort Donelson in 1862. His papers 
have all been lost. 

William P. Rogers. 

Wm. P. Rogers was a brother of Judge Francis M. Rogers. 
He was born in Georgia, and came to Mississippi early in life. 
He served through the Mexican War, and was later Consul at 
Vera Cruz. He moved to Texas and was Lieutenant-Colonel of 
the Second Texas regiment. He was killed at the battle of 
Corinth in storming Fort Robinett. His papers are thought to 
be lost. 

Winthrop Sargent. 

"The whereabouts of the papers of Winthrop Sargent (1753- 
1820), first chief executive of Mississippi Territory, have not 
been ascertained. He was in office from May 7, 1798 to early 
in 1801. Claiborne's Mississippi is unusually severe on the 
career of Gov. Sargent, using in the preparation of the work 
the papers of his principal contemporary antagonists. It is alto- 
gether probable that an unimpassioned study of his administra- 
tion in the light of all material at present accessible, including 
his own papers, would modify the popular estimate. Fortu- 
nately, in 1801, soon after he went out of office, he published 
'by particular desire of his friends' certain papers in relation to 
the official conduct of Governor Sargent (8vo. pp. 64), which 
contains his side of the controversy. 



Papers of Prominent Men. 257 

"In the State Department, Washington, will be found some of- 
ficial papers from him. The office of the Secretary of Missis- 
sippi, Jackson, has the "Executive Journals," containing his 
official acts, correspondence, etc." — {Report of the Alabama His- 
tory Commission?) 

Isaac Watkins Scarborough. 

Judge Scarborough (1816-1901), was elected Probate Judge 
in 1862, and served several times at intervals until he was re- 
moved from office by the Reconstruction Acts after the War. 

His daughter, Mrs. Lee Chestnutt, Kosciusko, Miss., says: 
"My father * * * * * wrote a great deal, but unfortunately we 
have not preserved his writings." 

Claudius Wistar Sears. 

Gen. C. W. Sears (1817-1891), was a native of Massachusetts. 
He came to Mississippi in 1844, and together with the Rev. 
Francis L. Hawks was the founder of the St. Thomas Hall, a 
Military School, at Holly Springs, Miss. He was Professor of 
Mathematics in the University of Louisiana before the Civil 
War, and soon after the close of that struggle, in which he 
entered as captain and came out as a brigadier general, he was 
elected Professor of Mathematics in the University of Missis- 
sippi, in which position he continued until 1889. He died in 
Oxford and is buried there. If his papers are preserved, they 
are not yet located. 

There is a brief sketch of Gen. Sears in Confederate Military 
History, Vol. VII., and also a sketch, in manuscript, in the Ar- 
chives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Joseph Dunbar Shields. 

Judge J. D. Shields (1816-1886), was a Mississippian, born in 
Jefferson county. He was graduated with honors from the Uni- 
versity of Virginia. It is understood that a copy of his "maiden 
speech" is still preserved in the Archives of that institution. 
He was a member of the State Legislature in 1861, and later 
was Probate Judge. His law library was destroyed with his 
home by the Federals in 1863. His extensive correspondence 
with Bill Arp was published throughout the United States. His 
Life of S. S. Prentiss is probably his best known work. His 
daughter, Mrs. Mary C. Dunbar, Natchez, has his library, his 



258 Mississippi Historical Society 

history written for the children of Natchez, in newspaper form, 
many of his speeches and other writings. She also has letters 
to him from "Dean Stanley, Longfellow, Elisha Kane, and 
others too numerous to mention." 

Otho R. Singleton. 

Hon. O. R. Singleton (1814-1889), was born in Kentucky, and 
in 1838 came to Canton, Mississippi, where, in partnership with 
Gen. T. C. Tupper, he began the practice of law. Mr. Single- 
ton saw service in both branches of the Mississippi Legislature, 
and as a member of the House of Representatives in the 33d, 
34th, 35th and 36th Congresses of the United States. He was a 
member of the Confederate Congress, and after the War was 
again elected to the 44th, 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, and 49th Con- 
gresses. He was chairman of the joint committee on the new 
Congressional Library building. The surviving members of 
his family have lost all trace of his large and valuable library. 
His daughter, Mrs. Junius M. Smith, Charlotte, N. C, is in pos- 
session of all his papers, both public and private. 

A manuscript sketch of Col. Singleton is on file in the Ar- 
chives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Thomas Ringland Stockdale. 

Colonel T. R. Stockdale (1828-1899), was a Pennsylvanian by 
birth and early education, but a graduate of the Mississippi Uni- 
versity Law School. He was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Con- 
federate Army, was a member of the 50th, 51st, 52d, and 53d 
Congresses, and in 1896 was appointed Associate Justice of the 
Supreme. Court of Mississippi. His papers, including speeches 
and addresses, have been preserved, and are in the possession of 
his family at Summit, Miss. 

Biographical sketches of Col. Stockdale are in Goodspeed's 
Memoirs, and in Confederate Military History. A brief sketch of 
his life, in manuscript, is preserved in the Archives of the Mis- 
sissippi Historical Society. 

John Marshall Stone. 

Gov. J. M. Stone (1830-1900), was a railroad agent at Iuka 
before the Civil War, and again for a short time after the war. 
During the war he was first Colonel of Militia in Tennessee, 



Papers of Prominent Men. 259 

then Captain of the Iuka Rifles, and later Colonel of the 2d Mis- 
sissippi regiment. In 1876 he was in the State Senate and its 
President, and on the resignation of Adelbert Ames, became the 
Governor of Mississippi, in which capacity he served the State 
for twelve years. He was President' of the Mississippi A. & M. 
College at the time of his death. He left many papers, all of 
which are in the possession of his widow at Iuka, Miss. 

There is a biographical sketch of Gov. Stone in Goodspeed's 
Memoirs; also a brief sketch, in manuscript, in the Archives 
of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Jacob Thompson. 

Jacob Thompson (1810-1885), a native of Northa Carolina, re- 
moved to Mississippi in the twenty-fifth year of his age. Short- 
ly after settling in the State he became a leader of the Democ- 
racy of North Mississippi. He was for many years a member 
of the lower House of Congress and served as the Secretary of 
the Interior under President Buchanan. He rendered distin- 
guished service to the Confederacy on the battlefield, in the 
legislative hall, and in the secret service. A sketch of his life 
will be found in Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory 
and State, pp. 447-466. A few of his papers are in the Claiborne 
collection (see supra). , 

John Wesley Thompson. 21 

Judge J. W. Thompson (1807-1873), was a lawyer of marked 
ability. He lived in Ripley, Miss., and was a partner of Col. 
W. C. Falkner and later of the Hon. J. W. T. Falkner. He 
served as District Attorney for twelve years in the old 7th Ju- 
dicial District of the State, composed of the counties of Tisho- 
mingo, Itawamba, Tippah, Pontotoc, Lafayette, Panola, Mar- 
shall, and De Soto. He was then elected judge, and was serv- 
ing when the war came on. Hon. J. W. T. Falkner, Oxford, 
was his adopted son and his heir by will, and has all his "pa- 
pers," books, &c. Mr. Falkner also has a biographical sketch of 
Judge Thompson, printed in the Ripley Advertiser at the time 
of his death. 

21 A brief sketch of Judge J. W. Thompson, in manuscript, is to be 
found in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 



260 Mississippi Historical Society. 

.'■■ i 

Tullius Cicero Tup per. 

T. C. Tupper (1809-1866), was born in Vermont. He was 
associated in the practice of law with Judge Rollins and Hon. 
O. R. Singleton. His choice library and many papers were de- 
stroyed by fire. 

Earl VanDorn. 

General Earl Van Dorn (1820-1863), was a native Mississip- 
pian, born at Port Gibson, where he is buried. He saw service 
in the war with Mexico, and was Major General in the Con- 
federate Army. A biography of Gen. Van Dorn is now with 
the publishers. Many of his papers were lost in the fire which 
destroyed Col. Claiborne's home, the remainder are in the hands 
of his sister, Mrs. E. V. D. Miller, at 941 Massachusetts Ave., 
Washington, D. C. 

There is a sketch of Gen. Van Dorn in Confederate Military 
History, vol. VII. 

Benjamin Leonard Covington Wailes. 

Col. B. L. C. Wailes (1797-1862), was born in Georgia, but 
was brought to Mississippi in his childhood. In 1825 he repre- 
sented Adams county in the Legislature, and was appointed 
State Geologist about 1850. He was President of the Histori- 
cal Society of Mississippi, member of the Historical Society of 
Pennsylvania, corresponding member of the Historical Society 
of New York, and member of the Academy of Natural Sciences 
at Philadelphia. 

His military titles were these : 2nd Lieutenant of Artillery, 
1816; Adjutant of 4th Regiment, 1819; Aide-de-Camp to Major 
General Winston, with rank of Major, 1820; Lieutenant Colonel 
of 4th Regiment, and finally Colonel of the same. He was Sec- 
retary of a Military Committee to arrange for the reception of 
Gen. Lafayette in 1825. 

This information with the following account of the papers of 
Col. Wailes is supplied by his granddaughter, Miss Nellie 
Wailes, Atlanta, Ga. She writes : "By reason of frequent 
moving after the war, when everything was in an unsettled con- 
dition, and the carelessness of friends in whose keeping our 
books and papers were left, most of them have been destroyed 
or lost. His library is scattered. Most of it was taken by his 



Papers of Prominent Men. 261 

youngest son, Dr. L. A. Wailes, and afterwards destroyed in a 
fire. A few volumes still owned by Dr. Wailes are at the old 
homestead at Washington, Miss., now owned by a granddaugh- 
ter of Col. Wailes. Some of the old letters and papers bearing 
on political subjects were presented by Dr. L. A. Wailes to the 
Louisiana Historical Association, and some few are in my pos- 
session, consisting of his military commissions, letters from 
naturalists, his private diary, and some marked 'Notes on Nat- 
ural History,' 'Notes in the Field' (being on his geological 
work), autograph letters, a book marked 'Extracts from the 
letter book of Sir William Dunbar,' with a sketch of Dunbar's 
life, etc., etc. 

"There are in Dr. L. A. Wailes' possession portraits of B. L. 
C. Wailes and his wife's father, Gen. Leonard Covington, paint- 
ed on ivory and set in gold, which are, I think, the work of 
Peale." 

There is a brief biographical sketch, in manuscript, of Col. 
Wailes, in the State Historical Society Archives. 

Levin Wailes. 

General Levin Wailes (1768- 1847) was a native of Mary- 
land, but moved to Georgia in 1795, where he remained until 
1807, and then as Surveyor General came to Mississippi, and 
lived in Washington and in Natchez. For some years he lived 
at Opeloupsas, Louisiana. 

Miss Nellie Wailes, a great-granddaughter, now living in 
Atlanta, Ga., has some papers bearing on the life of Gen. 
Wailes, copies of which she has kindly furnished. These are 
in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Mrs. W. T. J. Sullivan, Columbus, Miss., is the owner of 
two portraits, one of Levin Wailes and the other of his wife, 
painted by the great Naturalist Audubon while stopping in the 
Wailes home in Natchez, Miss. 

Demosthenes Walker. 

Hon. Demosthenes W T alker, a native Mississippian, once 
editor of the Yazoo Democrat, then of the Vicksburg Sentinel and 
later still was Consul to Genoa under President Pierce. He 
was the author of a noved called Stanley. A copy has not yet 
been found. 



262 Mississippi Historical Society. 

/. H. Wallace. 

Mr. Wallace is a citizen of Attala county. His History 
and Reminiscences of Attala Co. from 1832 to 1891 and his 
History of Kosciusko, Miss., from 1834 to 1891 were publish- 
ed in the Star Ledger. 

J. A. Watkins. 

Dr. Watkins wrote a series of articles on Jefferson county, 
Miss., some years ago. These have not yet been located. 

William Ward. 

William Ward (1823-1887) was a jeweler, journalist and 
poet. He came from Connecticut to Columbus, Miss., in 
1839, and lived there and at Macon, Miss., until his death. 
He was editor of the Macon Beacon from 1874 to 1887. His 
poems were never published in book form, but contributed to 
the Philadelphia Saturday Courier, Columbus Index, N. O. Times- 
Democrat, Macon Beacon, and other papers. His Mss. are 
now held by his daughter, Miss Emily A. Ward, of Washing- 
ton, D. C. 

Edward Cary V/althall. 

E. C. Walthall (1831-1898) entered the Confederate army in 
1861, and saw service as a Lieutenant, Lieutenant-Colonel, 
Brigadier-General and Major-General. In 1885 he entered 
the United States Senate, where he remained in the faithful 
service of his State until in death. His papers are thought 
to be in the possession of his daughter, Mrs. John Ross, of 
Memphis, Tenn. 

A sketch of Gen. Walthall's life will be found in the fourth 
volume of the Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

James Madison Wesson. 

Col. J. M. Wesson (1818-1899) was born in North Carolina, 
Rockingham county. He was the founder of the town of Wes- 
son, Mississippi, and a pioneer in the manufacture of textile 
fabrics on a large scale in Mississippi. 

His library and many papers have been destroyed by fire, 
but such of his papers as have been preserved are in the hands 
of his widow, who now lives at Wesson. Col. Wesson is bur- 



Papers of Prominent Men. 263 

ied at Jackson, Miss. A biographical sketch of him was pub- 
lished in the Clarion-Ledger, September 5, 1883. There is also a 
brief sketch in the New Orleans Picayune of April 30, 1900. 
Extracts in manuscript, from the Clarion-Ledger sketch are on 
file in the Archives of the State Historical Society. 

A. M. West. 
Some of the papers of Gen. A. M. West are in the posses- 
sion of his grandson, Mr. L. A. Smith, of Holly Springs, Miss. 
Some of his most valuable papers have not been located. It 
is believed that they were gathered a few years ago by a gen- 
tleman living in Chicago, who declines to give any informa- 
tion with reference to them. 

Francis E. Whitfield, Senior. 
Col. F. E. Whitfield (1812-1889) was a native of North 
Carolina, but lived much of his life in and about Corinth, 
Mississippi. He was a successful farmer and business man, 
and was President of the first Cotton Factory in Corinth. 
His home near there was Gen. Grant's headquarters while he 
was in that vicinity during the Civil War. His papers were 
burned by the Federals. About twenty years ago Col. Whit- 
field wrote articles regarding the war about Corinth and his 
own imprisonment at Alton, Illinois, his escape therefrom, 
etc. These articles were published in the Booneville Pleader 
and are preserved. They are in the possession of his widow 
at Corinth. 

James Whitfield. 
Governor James Whitfield (1791-1875) was a native of 
Georgia, but came to Mississippi in the early thirties. He was 
several times a member of the lower branch of the Legisla- 
ture, and in 185 1 was in the Senate, being chosen its Presi- 
dent. He qualified as such and also as Acting Governor to 
fill out the unexpired term of Gov. Quitman, resigned. It is 
believed that his papers, both public and private, are lost. 
There is a short sketch, in manuscript, of him in the Archives of 
the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Robert Williams. 
"It is supposed by his descendants that the books and pa- 
pers of Robert Williams (1 768-1836), third Governor of Mis- 



264 Mississippi Historical Society. 

sissippi Territory, have been lost or destroyed, as practically 
none are in their possession. His official term covered the 
period from March 1, 1805, to 1809, during which time oc- 
curred the Burr excitement, arrest, etc. Claiborne's Missis- 
sippi deals with Gov. Williams with considerable asperity, far 
more harshly indeed than was justifiable. The 'Executive 
Journals' covering his term are in the Secretary of State's 
office, Jackson. A few official papers are in the State Depart- 
ment, Washington." 

{Report Alabama History Commission, p. 188.) 

William Yerger. 

Judge William Yerger (1816-1872) was born in Tennessee 
but spent the greater part of his life in Jackson, Mississippi. 
He was a lawyer of marked ability. 

"In 1850 he was elected one of the Judges of the Supreme 
Court of the State, then known as the High Court of Errors 
and Appeals, and served one term. He rendered an opinion 
in the case of The State vs. Johnson, 25 Miss., p. 625, involv- 
ing the validity of the Union Bank bonds, holding them to be 
legal." "In 1861 he made a great speech against secession 
before the Legislature in a joint debate with the late Wiley P. 
Harris, who favored secession." It is thought that Judge 
Yerger's papers are not preserved. 

Biographical sketches of him are in Goodspeed's Memoirs, 
Lynch's Bench and Bar, and a manuscript sketch is on file in 
the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

George Hampton Yoimg. 

Col. G. H. Young (1799-1880) was a native of Georgia and a 
lawyer by profession. He moved to Waverly, Miss., in 1835, 
having previously represented his native county in the Geor- 
gia Legislature. In 1849 he was a member of the Mississippi 
Legislature. He was one of the charter members of the 
Board of Trustees of the University of Mississippi. He is 
buried at Waverly. His papers are lost. 

A brief sketch, in manuscript, ot him is on file in the State 
Historical Society Archives. 



Papers of Prominent Men. 265 

Papers Not Located. 

The following are the names of some prominent Mississip- 
pians whose papers have not been located: 

J. W. Clapp, Israel Welch, H. C. Chambers, E. Barksdale, 
James Phelan, all members of the Confederate States Congress. 

Robert Josslyn, Private Secretary to President Davis dur- 
ing the Provisional Government. 

Burton N. Harrison, Private Secretary to President Davis 
during the Permanent Government. 

Col. Rufus R. Rhodes, Commissioner of Patents, Confed- 
erate Government. 

W. H. C. Whiting, Major-Gen. Confederate army. 

The following Brigadier-Generals in the Confederate army: 

Wirt Adams, William E. Baldwin, William Barksdale, Wil- 
liam S. Barry, Samuel Benton, Wm. L. Brandon, W. F. 
Brantley, James R. Chalmers, Douglas H. Cooper, C. G. 
Dahlgreen, S. W. Fergerson, J. C. Fizer, N. H. Harris, G. D. 
Johnston, John D. Martin, W. R. Miles, Carnot Posey, A. E. 
Reynolds and W...F. Tucker. 

State Governors : 

Abram M. Scott, Fontain Winston, Hiram G. Runnels, 
Charles Lynch, Tilghman M. Tucker, Albert G. Brown, John I. 
Guion, John J. Pettus, William McWillie, Ridgley C. Powers. 

Secretaries of the Territory and of the State of Mississippi: 

John Steele, Cato West, Henry Dangerfield, Daniel Wil- 
liams, John A. Grimball, D. C. Dickson, B. W. Benson, David 
Dickson, T. B. Woodward, L. G. Galloway, Wilson Heming- 
way, Samuel Stamps, Jo. Bell, James A. Home, W. H. Muse, 
A. B. Dilworth, C. A. Brougher, all before the Civil War, nor 
have the papers of any of the Secretaries of State since that 
time been located. 

Judges of the Superior Court: 

John P. Hampton, C. J., W. B. Shields, John Taylor, Pow- 
hatan Ellis, Joshua G. Clarke, Livingston Metcalfe, Richard 
Stockton, Edward Turner, C. J., J. Caldwell, John Black, 
George Winchester, W. B. Griffith, Henry Cage, I. R. Nich- 
olson, William L. Sharkey, C. J., Daniel W. Wright, Cotes- 
worth P. Smith, P. Rutilus R. Pray, James F. Trotter, Alex- 
ander M. Clayton, Joseph S. B. Thatcher, Ephraim S. Fisher, 



266 Mississippi Historical Society. 

William Handy, C. J., D. W. Hurst, Thomas Shackelford, E. 
G. Peyton, David Kerr, Seth Lewis, etc. 

United States Senators : 

Thomas H. Williams, Thomas D. Reed, Robert H. B. 
Adams, John Black, Robert J. Walker, Joseph F. Chalmers, 
Jessie Speight, and others. 

Thomas Marston Green, Territorial delegate in Congress. 

Norsworthy Hunter, Territorial delegate in Congress. 

William Lattimore, Territorial delegate in Congress. 

Family Records, Diaries, Etc. 

Mrs. C. P. Byrnes, McCaleb, Claiborne Co., Miss., has the 
family records of the Formans and Smiths of Natchez, the 
McCalebs of Mississippi and Louisiana, the Byrnes of New 
Jersey, and their descendants who are citizens of Claiborne 
Co. These records reach back to the time of Queen Eliza- 
beth, and the greater part of them are in print. 

Mrs. F. Z. Jackson, Kosciusko, Miss., a descendant of Ed- 
ward Doty, who came over in the Mayflower in 1620, has a 
book containing the names of many hundreds of the Doty de- 
scendants. 

Dr. Samuel Hart, Carrollton, Miss., has a copy of the Hart 
Family Book, by Rev. C. C. Hart. 

R. E. Houston, Aberdeen, has a copy of the Houston Fam- 
ily Book, by Rev. S. R. Houston. 

Hon. Jim Edwards, Tyler, Texas, has records of the Zolli- 
coffer Family from the 15th century. F. Z. Jackson, Kosci- 
usko, is a descendant. 

Mr. A. C. Leigh, Grenada, Miss., has a family tree of the 
Leigh family. 

Mr. A. C. Wharton, Port Gibson, Miss., has a family tree 
of the Wharton Family. 

S. L. Hearn, W r est Point, Miss., has "Brief History and 
Genealogy of the Hearne Family," 565 pp., and a family tree of 
the Hearne Family, 1066-1895. 

A. J. Brown, Newton, Miss., has a manuscript history of 
his immediate family, for three generations. 

Mrs. Maudine Neilson, West Point, Miss., has Neilson 
Family Records, which trace the family back to Robt. Neilson, 



Family Records, Diaries, Etc. 267 

born in Ireland, April 3, 1738. She also has a tablet of John 
Neilson's containing calculations and geometric problems 
worked in 1794. 

Gen. S. D. Lee, Columbus, Miss., has the Lee family tree, 
which traces the family back to Robert Lee, Lord Mayor of 
London 1602. 

W. H. Magruder, Agricultural College, Miss., has records 
of the Magruder family, which trace his own ancestors back to 

1744. 

Mrs. Bisland McCaleb, Pine Ridge, Miss., has the Dunbar 
family tree. 

Maj. Wm. Dunbar Jenkins, Natchez, Miss., has a manu- 
script genealogical sketch of the Dunbar family, which traces 
the family back several hundred years. 

Miss Bettie Yeager, Starkville, Miss., has the Yeager fam- 
ily tree. 

Capt. J. L. Knox, Batesville, Miss., has a family tree of his 
family. 

Prof. Franklin L. Riley, University, Miss., has a few docu- 
ments that relate to the early history of the Riley family. 

Dr. S. A. Agnew has a daily journal which he has kept for 
the past forty years. It is a valuable repository of facts and 
dates. 

Hon. E. S. Drake, Port Gibson, Miss., has a Diary kept by 
his brother during the Civil War. His brother belonged to 
the Jefferson Artillery and was under the command of Capt. 
Put. Darden. 

Mrs. T. B. Carroll, Starkville, Miss., has the diary of her 
grandmother, Mrs. H. P. Washington. Mrs. Washington 
was born in South Carolina in 1808 and died in Mississippi in 
1892. Her diary is in two manuscript volumes (1853-1892). 

Mr. Jackson Reeves, Lynnville, Tenn., has early manuscript 
letters and records relating to Mississippi. 

Mr. Gid Harris, Columbus, Miss., has letters written by 
Rev. David Wright, of the Mayhew Mission Station, to his 
(Wright's) relatives in New York and Vermont. Mr. Wright 
came to Mississippi as a teacher in the Indian Mission Station 
at Mayhew. He is buried in Columbus and his wife in May- 
hew. 



268 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Address of L. Q. C. Lamar in Atlanta, Ga. (1864). In 
hands of Mrs. G. P. Young, Columbus, Miss. 

Address of J. Z. George at the laying of the corner stone of 
Mississipppi Agricultural and Mechanical College. Copy in 
hands of J. M. White, Agricultural College, Miss. 



SECTION 2. PRIVATE COLLECTORS AND STUDENTS. 
By Frankun L. Rh,£y. 

There have been comparatively few collectors of materials 
relating to Mississippi history. Unfortunately those who have 
rendered such services lived a number of years ago when there 
was little general interest in the work, and their collections have 
in most cases been "scattered or destroyed as rubbish" by suc- 
ceeding generations. One gratifying and conspicuous excep- 
tion to this statement is the priceless inheritance which has 
been transmitted to the State by Col. J. F. H. Claiborne. (See 
supra.) Only a few of the papers of those great pioneer col- 
lectors, Sir William Dunbar, Col. B. L. C. Wailes, and Dr. 
James W. Monette, have been preserved. This fact is a source 
of great regret. 

For the most part our students and collectors have confined 
themselves to limited fields of research, — genealogical, religi- 
ous, military, antiquarian, or political — and have devoted little 
attention to the general history of the State. The collections 
that were thus made have generally received little protection 
after serving the temporary purposes of the collector. 

The following list of collectors is not complete. In many 
cases no responses were received to the inquiries which were 
made of the descendants of those who have been interested in 
gathering up the materials relating to State history. 

Samuel A. Agnew. 

Dr. Agnew lives near Bethany, Lee county, Miss. He is 
much interested in preserving Mississippi history and his 
recommendations and suggestions bearing thereon are on file 
in the Archives of the Mississippi Historical Society. 

Dr. Agnew's collection embraces the following: 

1. A chronicle of the events of the Bethany, Lee county, neighbor- 
hood from i860 to the present. In manuscript, 192 pages, fool's cap. 

2. Sketch of Rev. H. H. Robinson in pamphlet on history of Ebenezer 
Church, Tippah county, Miss. 

3. Historical sketch of the Associate Reform Presbyterian Church of 
Bethany, Lee county (1852-1881). 

4. Reminiscences of the following early settlers of Northeast Missis- 
sippi: Alexander Dugger, Edwin G. Thomas, Lemuel J. Copeland, Sam- 



270 Mississippi Historical Society. 

uel Knowles, John G. Claunch, John G. Chisholm, James H. Kennedy, 
Dr. Anson G. Smythe, Elbert Dawson, Levi Bennett, Alvin W. Bills, 
James A. Hunt, George W. Johnson, James B. Jones, Wm. Henry Gates 
and Berry Hodge. In manuscript 250 pages fool's cap. 

5. Daily journal kept for more than forty years. This is a valuable 
repository of facts and dates. (In manuscript.) 

6. History of Associate Reform Presbyterian Church of Hopewell, 
Union county, Miss., from 1851 to the present time. It is in manuscript. 

7. Historical Gleanings from various sources, in manuscript. 

8. A description of the battle of Brices' Cross Roads, which he wit- 
nessed. 

9. A mutilated Agency Account Book, 1832-1833. (See infra.) 

John Francis Hamtranck Claibofne. 

Col. J. F. H. Claiborne (1809-1884), was the greatest historian 
and collector of historical materials that Mississippi has ever 
produced. The value of his services to the State can hardly 
be overestimated, since to him alone is due the credit of collect- 
ing and transmitting to the present time important documents 
that would otherwise have been lost. In addition to the valu- 
able collection of papers which he inherited from his father, 
Gen. F. L. Claiborne, his uncle, Gov. W. C. C. Claiborne, and 
his wife's grandfather, Col. Anthony Hutchins, — all of whom 
were prominently connected with the early history of the State — 
he displayed in collecting from other sources greater zeal and 
foresight than has any other citizen of the State. 

He was a member of the lower House of Congress from 
1835 to 1838. In 1841 he began his literary career as one of 
the editors of the Mississippi Free Trader. His sketches, en- 
titled "Trip through the Piney Woods," which were probably 
his first contributions to Mississippi history, appeared in this 
paper shortly after his connection with it. About this time he 
began to collect materials for a History of the Southwest, upon 
which he was "long engaged." The manuscript of this volume, 
"when ready for the press," was unfortunately lost "by the 
sinking of a steamer on the Mississippi." With the co-opera- 
tion of Franklin Smith, Esq., and Henry A. Garrett he collect- 
ed from Gen. Sam Dale a great deal of data that related to the 
early history of East Mississippi. Although the notes seem to 
have been lost, Col. Claiborne prepared therefrom his interest- 
ing Life and Times of Gen. Sam. Dale, the Mississippi Partisan, 
which was published in i860. In the same year he also pub- 
lished his Life and Correspondence of John A. Quitman, in two 



Collectors and Students. 271 

volumes. Twenty years later, prompted by a desire "to pre- 
serve the time worn papers and documents" confided to him by 
those who had "long since passed away," he published the first 
volume of his Mississippi as a Province, Territory and State. 
Volume II. of this work was destroyed by fire while in manu- 
script. His valuable collections of papers, numbering several 
hundred titles, were donated to the State. They are now care- 
fully preserved in the Library of the University of Mississippi. 
(See supra) 

Gaspar Cusachs. 

By his collecting industry Gaspar Cusachs, of New Orleans, 
has done a great service not only to his own city, but to the Gulf 
Coast of Mississippi. Of this collection Mr. Peter J. Hamilton, 
who has personally examined it, writes as follows : 

"Amongst other things is a Journal Historique, dated April 5th, 1722, 
by Sieur Boupues. It relates to the time when Biloxi had just suc- 
ceeded Mobile as the French capital, but looks backward to Mobile and 
also forward to New Orleans, which soon in its turn succeeded Biloxi. 
Mr. Cusachs is an indefatigable antiquarian and has many books, let- 
ters, seals and souvenirs of French and Spanish officials and citizens of 
Mobile and New Orleans. His collection should be explored and cata- 
logued." 1 

Lyman Copeland Draper. 

Lyman C. Draper (1815-1891), was perhaps the most success- 
ful collector of historical materials that has ever entered the 
borders of Mississippi. So great was his zeal in this field of 
historical activity that he once said, "I can write nothing so 
long as I fear there is a fact, no matter how small, as yet un- 
garnered." His large collections of manuscripts, filling over 
four hundred folio volumes, now in the possession of the Wis- 
consin State Historical Society, give substantial evidences of 
his activity. The Commission has been unable to get accurate 
information on the Mississippi manuscripts in these great col- 
lections (see supra). The following biographical sketch of 
Draper, by the Secretary of the Wisconsin State Historical So- 
ciety, gives unmistakable evidence of the value of these collec- 
tions to the students of Mississippi history: 

"In 1841. while in the midst of his chosen task, Draper drifted to Pon- 
totoc in Northern Mississippi, where he became part owner and editor 
of a small weekly journal entitled Spirit of the Times. The paper was 

1 Report of the Alabama History Commission, page 286. 
18 



272 Mississippi Historical Society. 

not a financial success, and at the close of a year his partner bought 
him out, giving in payment the deed to a tract of wild land in the neigh- 
borhood. There came to Pontotoc, about this time, a young lawyer 
named Charles H. Larrabee, afterward a prominent citizen of Wiscon- 
sin, where he became a circuit judge and a congressman. Larrabee 
had been a student with Draper at Granville. The professional outlook 
at Pontotoc not being rich with promise Larrabee united his fortunes 
with those of his college-mate and together they moved upon Draper's 
tract. For about a year the young men 'roughed it' in a floorless, win- 
dowless hut, a dozen miles from Pontotoc, the nearest post-office, rais- 
ing sweet potatoes and living upon fare of the crudest character. In 
the summer of 1842 Draper received the offer of a clerkship under a 
relative who was Erie canal superintendent at Buffalo, and retraced his 
steps to the North, leaving Larrabee in sole possession. But the lat- 
ter soon had a call to Chicago and followed his friend's example, leav- 
ing their crop of sweet potatoes ungarnered and their land to the mercy 
of the first squatter who chanced along. 

"The following year, however, Draper was back again in Pontotoc, 
where he made some interesting 'finds' in the chests of the Mississippi 
pioneers." 2 

Sir William Dunbar. 

Sir William Dunbar (1749-1810), during his residence in Mis- 
sissippi was actively engaged in investigating scientific and his- 
torical subjects. He corresponded with some of the greatest 
scientists of his day. The manuscript correspondence of 
Thomas Jefferson in the Department of State, Washington, D. 
C, contains fifteen letters that were written to him by Mr. 
Dunbar. The will of Mr. Dunbar will be found in the office 
of the Chancery Clerk at Natchez, Miss. For sketches of Mr. 
Dunbar's life see Riley's "Sir William Dunbar, — the Pioneer 
Scientist of Mississippi," in the Publications of the Mississippi 
Historical Society, Vol. II., pp. 85-1 11; Claiborne's Mississippi 
as a Province, Territory and State, p. 200; Notches Democrat of 
Sept. 10, 1873, and ibid., "Centennial Edition" (1876). The 
Claiborne collection included many manuscripts of Mr. Dunbar, 
until about 1888, when they were returned to his descendants 
by an act of the Legislature. 

Mrs. Julia Dunbar Greene, of Natchez, Miss., a granddaugh- 
ter of Sir William Dunbar, now owns his diary and the follow- 
ing letters, which were written to him : 

Scientific: 

From John Jeanes, Aberdeen, Scotland. March, 1766, and March 26, 
1769. 

From John Swift, London, England. Jan. 24, 1772; March 12, 1774'; 
Sept. 5, 1775; July 3i, 1776, and Jan. 24, 1801. 

2 Wisconsin Historical Collections, vol. XII., pp. 7-8. 



Collectors and Students. 273 

From John Vaughn, Philadelphia, Pa. Feb. 10, 1804. 

From Dr. Hy Mecklenberg, Lancaster, Pa. July 5, 1808. 
Relating to the Boundary Commission between the United States and 

Spain: 

Treaty letters from Governor Manuel Gayoso de Lemos in English 
and Spanish, 1797, '98 and '99. 

From Andrew Ellicott, April 18, 1800. 
Relating to the exploration of Red River: 

Three letters from Pres. Thomas Jefferson. Jan. 12, 1801; July 17, 
1804, and March 14, 1805. 

From H. Dearborn, Sec. of War. April 4, 1804; March 25, May 24, 
July 10, Aug. 14, 1805 ; June 11, 1806. 
Secretary of War. Nov._ 2, 1809. 

From Alex. Wilson, Ornithologist. New Orleans, June 24, 1810. Phila- 
delphia, Sept. 12, 1810. 

These manuscripts seem to be only a fragment of the his- 
torical and scientific materials which were collected by Mr. Dun- 
bar. Dr. J. W. Monette thus records the probable fate of the 
greater part of this collection in a letter to Mr. Pickett, written 
June 9, 1847: 

"Relative to the MS. papers of Sir William Dunbar, I infer you would 
be unable to derive any connected historical matter. Mr. Dunbar pub- 
lished several important papers in the Transactions of the American Phil- 
osophical Society in Philadelphia many years ago. Several years since 
Mann Butler, Esq., spent several days at the residence of his son exam- 
ining papers, etc., and took with him such as he deemed useful and since 
then nothing has been heard from them. On a visit, one year since, no 
papers of importance were accessible." 3 

See Mississippi State University Library, supra, and Frank- 
lin L. Riley, and B. L. C. Wailes, infra. 

Miss Mary Virginia Duval. 

Miss Duval spent several years collecting materials for her 
School History of Mississippi, which was the first school history 
of the State and the first book of any kind that covered the en- 
tire field of Mississippi history. She wrote hundreds of letters 
which evoked responses from individuals in every part of the 
State and brought to light many half-forgotten facts in its his- 
tory. 

The loss of this valuable collection is thus related by Miss 
Duval : 

"Unfortunately for me, the historical material which I had gathered 
at such trouble and expense was destroyed by the burning of the home 
in which they were stored. I had correspondence which, in coming 
years, might have been of great value, and letters from the ablest and 
best men of the State that I prized personally very much. I was in a 
distant State at the time so that not a page of the MSS. was saved." 

3 Report of the Alabama History Commission, pp. 170-171. 



274 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Charles Betts Galloway. 

Bishop Charles B. Galloway has been engaged several years 
in collecting historical materials. The most important of these 
materials, some of which he holds as loans from other persons, 
are the following : 

i. The large mass of papers, diaries, letter-books, autograph letters 
of Dr. William Winans. 

2. The papers, manuscripts, letters, etc., of Dr. B. M. Drake. 

3. The manuscript autobiography of Rev. Learner Blackman, who was 
a chaplain in Gen. Andrew Jackson's army and an early missionary ,to 
the "Natchez Country." 

4. Manuscript autobiography of Rev. Thomas Griffin. 

5. Papers, diaries, letters, etc., of the Rev. C. K. Marshall. 

6. Letters, etc., of Rev. Mibs Harper, a pioneer during the early days 
of last century. 

7. Souvenirs, relics, autograph letters from many places and many 
persons. 

Henry Sale Halbert. 

Mr. H. S. Halbert, of Lucile, Miss., has done more for Mis- 
sissippi archaeology than has any other living man. For 
several years he was engaged in educational work among the 
Choctaw Indians of this State. During that time he was a 
critical student of ethnology and archaeology. He has made 
many valuable contributions on the subjects to various publi- 
cations. A full list of his publications will be found in Owen's 
Bibliography of Mississippi. Mr. Halbert has collected the fol- 
lowing historical manuscripts : 

1. A manuscript. 105 pages, 9x6 inches. Entitled Reminiscences of 
Olden Times in Clarke County, Mississippi, by John H. Evans, De Soto, 
Mississippi, March 15, 1901. 

2. A manuscript life of Hopaii Iskitini, or Little Leader, a Choctaw 
chief, 60 pages, 9x6 inches, by H. S. Halbert. 

3. Two small manuscript volumes closely written, 6x4 inches. 1st vol- 
ume 146 pages. 2nd volume 134 pages, by H. S. Halbert. The volumes 
have no title, but are the result of 20 years historical and ethnological 
ingatherings among the Mississippi Choctaws. The volumes treat of the 
traditions of the wars of the Choctaws with the Chocchuma, Creeks 
and Osages; the Choctaw war customs; their games and amusements; 
their burial customs; their superstitions and religious beliefs; their 
folk-lore; animal myths; their marriage ceremony; their food plants; 
establishment of missions among them in 1883, etc. 

4. A manuscript letter of eight pages, dated Nov. 30, 1899, written by 
Rev. John Brown of Lauderdale county, Mississippi, to H. S. Halbert, 
giving Mr. Brown's recollections of Gen. Sam Dale. The letter now in 
the possession of Mr. Thomas M. Owen, of Montgomery, Ala. 

5. A manuscript, 9 pages, 9x6 inches, giving a short account of the 
treaty of Dancing Rabbit, with a fuller account of the Choctaw explor- 
ing delegation that went immediately after the treaty of Dancing Rab- 
bit to explore the new Choctaw country west. This narrative was taken 



Collectors and Students. 275 

down by Col. Albert James Pickett from conversation with Col. Gaines, 
and was extracted by H. S. Halbert from Col. Pickett's large manu- 
script, entitled Historical Ingatherings, now in the possession of 
Thomas M. Owen, Montgomery, Ala. 

A brief account of this exploring delegation is to be found in Lewis' 
History of Winston County. 

Gaines' official report may possibly be found either in the War or the 
Interior Department. But failing to find this official report, Pickett's 
manuscript narrative and Lewis' brief narrative are the only sources of 
information in regard to this episode of Mississippi history. 

.6. Two other manuscript sources of information about the treaty of 
Dancing Rabbit are, a letter received from Capt. James W. Winston, 
Ramsey, Ala., dated Jan. 10, 1901, giving some incidents on the authority 
of the late Col. Christopher Taylor, who was present at the treaty; 2nd. 
Notes of conversation, Aug. 27, 1901, with the aged Oonteatubbee, of 
Kemper county, who was present four days at the treaty and who has 
a clear and vivid recollection of all he saw and heard there. 

7. Court of Claims Choctaw Nation of Indians vs. the United States, 
in two large volumes (1707 pages). Contains a vast amount of infor- 
mation about the Mississippi Choctaws between 1830 and 1845. 

For an account of Indian War records in the possession of Mr. Hal- 
bert see infra. 

John Griffin Jones. 

Rev. J. G. Jones, author of Protestantism in the Southwest 
(1866) and Methodistism in Mississippi belonged to one of the 
oldest families in the State, his grandfather having settled in 
what is now Jefferson county in 1789. He preserved not only 
the valuable papers which came to him by inheritance, but the 
many other manuscripts which came to him through many 
years of collecting industry. At the request of the Mississippi 
Conference he wrote a complete history of the Methodist 
church in Mississippi, only one volume of which was published. 
He continued his literary activity until his death (1888), leaving 
in manuscript the remaining part of his history of Methodism, 
which it is estimated will make three other printed volumes, 
the size of the one which has been published. He also wrote 
an autobiography which was intended to be inserted in one of 
these volumes. These manuscripts and other papers were left 
by Mr. Jones to his son, Rev. J. A. B. Jones, of Gloster, Miss., 
who still owns them. 

Thomas McAdory Ozven. 

The private collection of Thomas M. Owen, Esq., the Direc- 
tor of the newly-created Department of Archives and History 
of Alabama, Montgomery, while devoted primarily to the his- 
tory and antiquities of the State of Alabama, contains many 



276 Mississippi Historical Society. 

general items of value to the history of the entire South, as well 
as much bearing upon the history of the individual Southern 
States. 4 

Among other things of interest to the student of Mississippi 
history, he has a number of the letters and papers of Judge 
Harry Toulmin, Superior Court Judge for the old Washington 
District, 1804-1819; Documents and notes on the early history 
of Washington county; and Papers in relation to the effort 
of the people of what is now Eastern Louisiana to throw off the 
Spanish yoke, and form an independent State. 

The following special collections in his library, probably con- 
tain much data bearing upon the Mississippi field, viz: 

1. Blount Manuscripts. Manuscripts of Governor William 
Blount (1747-1800) of Tennessee. 

These consist of compared copies of the originals. The col- 
lection is but a remnant of a once extensive body of material, 
and was consulted by President Theodore Roosevelt in the pre- 
paration of The Winning of the West (4 vols.). It contains 
many letters and papers in reference to affairs in the Southern 
country during the closing years of the 18th century. Plans 
are now under consideration looking to the publication of these 
manuscripts, under the editorial direction of Mr. Owen. 

2. McKee Manuscripts. The Manuscripts of Col. John Mc- 
Kee, covering the period from 1792 to 1830. 

These embrace the entire public and private papers of Col. 
John McKee (1767-1832), who was in public life in the old 
Southwest and Alabama for forty years. They consist of let- 
ters to him, drafts of his letters to others, his Indian accounts 
and vouchers, and his diaries and journals. They number over 
1,200 items and are in good condition. A large number of 
these papers bear directly upon the territorial history of Mis- 
sissippi, as McKee was agent during this period both to the 
Choctaws and Chickasaws, his place of official residence being 
within the present State limits. 

3. Pickett Manuscripts. Manuscripts of Col. Albert J. Pickett. 
Preparatory to the compilation and publication of his History 

of Alabama (Charleston, S. C, 185 1 ; 2 vols.), Mr. Pickett spent. 

4 A particular and detailed description of Mr. Owen's library and col- 
lection will be found in the Report of the Alabama History Commission 
(1901), pp. 296-310. 



Collectors and Students. 277 

years in collecting published works, and also in securing from 
eye witnesses and actors, data concerning the scenes and events 
to be described. These included events in the Mississippi Ter- 
ritory as well as Alabama. His manuscript ingatherings have 
survived in two large bound volumes, which are in the hands of 
Mr. Owen. The first of these volumes contains a vast amount 
of data of the highest value, as it consists almost solely of or- 
iginal material. The following are the titles, taken from the 
books themselves, viz : 

"Interesting Notes upon the History of Alabama from va- 
rious reliable and intelligent persons who were participators in 
the scenes described." Folio. 

"Letters from various distinguished and well informed per- 
sons answering inquiries made of them by Albert J. Pickett, of 
Montgomery, Ala., in relation to the History of Alabama, 
Books, MS., &c, &c." Folio. 

George W . Martin. 
Col. George W. Martin was born at Snow Hill, N. C, in 
1792, of an Eastern Shore, Md., family. He attended college 
at Chapel Hill, N. C. In early life he settled near Nashville, 
Tenn., where he married Miss Lucinda Rucker Donelson, 
granddaughter of Col. John Donelson, one of the first settlers 
at what afterwards became Nashville. Mrs. Martin was also 
a niece of Mrs. Rachel Jackson, wife of Gen. Andrew Jackson. 
Mrs. Martin's brother, Andrew Jackson Donelson, became the 
adopted son of Gen. Jackson. Col. Martin was private secre- 
tary of Gen. Jackson in the Natchez campaign (1812) ; aide-de- 
camp to Gen. John Coffee in the Creek War and at the battle 
of New Orleans. He took part in the engagement on the field 
of Chalmette. After this war he settled at Nashville and en- 
gaged in mercantile and planting pursuits. About 1830 he re- 
moved to the neighborhood of Memphis, Tenn., where he ac- 
quired a plantation within the present limits of the city of Mem- 
phis. 1 He afterwards removed to Mississippi (about 1832), set- 
tling near the old town of Chocchuma, in the present county of 
Grenada. The year following he was appointed locating agent 
under the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, which appointment 

1 See Haywood's History of Tennessee, Ramsey's History of Tennessee, 
Butler's History of Kentucky. 



278 Mississippi Historical Society. 

was made by President Jackson, his warm personal friend. This 
position he held through the administration of Jackson and in 
the administration of Van Buren until all business pertaining 
to this treaty had been settled. He died in 1854. The manu- 
scripts collected by Col. Martin are in the possession of his de- 
scendants, Mr. W. B. Hoffa, of Grenada, Miss., and Mrs. R. P. 
Lake, of Memphis, Tenn. 

Mr. Hoffa has the following papers belonging to this col- 
lection: 

1. Letter from Maj. G. W. Martin to his mother (Mrs. Elizabeth 
Anderson, Nashville, Tenn.), dated Jan. 20, 1815, "Battle Grounds Head- 
quarters 7th. Below Orleans — giving an account of the battle of Or- 
leans." 

2. Andrew Jackson, Jr., to Col. Martin. Dated Washington, Jan. 23, 
1832. 

3. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Dated Hermitage, July 13, 1837. 

4. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Dated Hermitage, March 25, 1827. 

5. John Coffee to Col. Martin. Dated Shelton, Tenn., , 1815. 

6. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Dated Hermitage, Aug. 15, 1823. 

7. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Dated Hermitage, Aug. 18, 1823. 

8. John Bell (Chairman Committee on Indian Affairs) to Col. Martin. 
Washington, April 13, 1836. 

9. John Coffee to Col. Martin. Dated Sugartree Forest, , 1815. 

10. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Dated Hermitage, Oct. 30, 1823. 

11. Manuscript written Dec. 27, 1816, by Andrew Jackson, bestowing 
power of attorney on Col. Martin. Dated at Nashville (indicating the 
remarkable confidence he had in Col. Martin). 

12. Lewis Cass to Gen. John Coffee, Washington, Feb. 22, 1833. 

13. A. Butler to Henry Clay, introducing Col. Martin. Hermitage, 
Jan. 10, 1817. 

14. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin, outlining his duties as locating 
agent; also referring to the spirit of land speculation and warning him 
against speculations in general, mentioning also the name of Leflore. 
(Disproving assertion reflecting on the character of Col. Martin.) 

15. From War Department in relation to Indian Affairs, by Elbert 
Herring to Col. Martin and E. B. Grayson, locating agents, etc., Wash- 
ington, Jan. 22, 1836. 

16. War Department. Indian Affairs by same to Col. Martin, Wash- 
ington, Oct. 27, 1834. Approving Col. Martin's decisions in regard to 
several cases of Choctaw claimants referred to the Department on fhe 
complaint of Greenwood Leflore. 

17. War Department. Indian Affairs. April 27, 1838. C. A. Harris, 
Commissioner of Indian Affairs, to Col. Martin relative to closing up 
of reservation business. 

18. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin. Hermitage, Aug. 11, 1843. 

19. Andrew Jackson, Jr., to Col. Martin, Washington, March 5, 1832. 

20. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin, Washington, Feb. 25, 1833. 

21. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin, Washington, March 5, 1832. 

22. Col. Stockley Donelson to Gen. M. Armstrong, Raleigh, N. C, 
Jan. 21, 1705. 

23. Col. Martin to his daughter, Miss Elizabeth Martin, Auvergne 
Plantation, Miss., Jan. 8, 1853, giving account of the Battle of New Or- 
leans. 

24. Mrs. Elizabeth Anderson, mother of Col. Martin, to Col. Martin, 



Collectors and Students. 279 

Nashville, Term., Feb. 9, 1815, congratulating him on his part in battle 
of New Orleans. 

25. Mrs. Rachel Jackson to Col. Martin, Hermitage, . 

26. Certificate of service and honorable discharge of Col. Martin after 
Natchez Campaign, signed by Andrew Jackson, Maj.-Gen., April 23, 

1813. 

27. Gen. John Coffee to Col. Martin, Washington, Feb. 25, 1833, in 
regard to efforts of certain parties to prevent Treaty of Dancing Rab- 
bit by Senate. 

28. Copy of instruction to Col. Martin as locating agent, Washington, 
Oct. 18, 1834, by Andrew Jackson. 

29. Andrew Jackson to Col. Martin, Hermitage, June 18, 1825. 

30. Pay roll of officers serving under Jackson in Seminole War, Feb. 
14, 1817. 

31. List of killed and wounded at New Orleans, Dec. 23, 1814. 

32. "Muster roll of the General and Staff Officers of Brig.-Gen. John 
Coffee's Brigade of Tennessee Volunteers, mounted gunners in the ser- 
vice of the United States in the late campaigns in the South from Sept. 
1814, till 27th day of April, 1815, when discharged." 

S3. General Orders, Feb. 1, 1815, in regard to the revising of the 
troops by the Commanding General, Andrew Jackson. 

34. Notices issued by Col. Martin, locating agent, relative to Indian 
Affairs, dated Nov. 19, 1833; Oct., 1835; Nov. 14, 1835. 

35. Individual certificates of registration, by Indian claimants under 
Treaty of Dancing Rabbit, which Col. Martin's predecessor (Col. Wm. 
Wade) had failed to submit in his report to the government. This col- 
lection contains fourteen other letters and private notes of a strictly 
personal nature. 

Mrs. R. P. Lake, of Memphis, Tenn., has the following papers for- 
merly included in this collection: 

1. J. F. H. Claiborne to Major Van Dorn, introducing Col. Martin. 

2. Andrew Jackson to Maj. Martin, Hermitage, Oct. 15, 1823. 

3. Andrew Jackson to Maj. Martin, Washington, July 2, 1824. This 
makes reference to the spirited presidential campaign of that year. It 
closes with the following reference to Gen. Jackson's reconciliation 
with Gen. Winfield Scott, in which he says: "I am told the opinions 
of those whose minds were prepared to see me with a tomahawk in 
one hand and a scalping knife in the other have greatly changed and I 
am getting on very smoothly." 

Edward Mayes. 

The Hon. Edward Mayes, of Jackson, Miss., has devoted 
much time to Mississippi history. His most important publish- 
ed works are, Lucius Q. C. Lamar: His Life, Times and Speeches 
(1895) an d History of Education in Mississippi (1900). He has 
also written many monographs of an historical nature. The 
most valuable collections in his possession are : 

1. The Lamar Manuscripts. These consist of the letters received by 
Mr. Lamar, a number of his speeches, and other literary remains of this 
great Mississippian. 

2. The Longstreet manuscripts. These contain a number of the most 
important papers which were left by the author of Georgia Scenes. 



280 Mississippi Historical Society. 

John Wesley Monette. 

Dr. John W. Monette (1803-185 1), the historian and geogra- 
pher of the Mississippi Valley, was born in Virginia. In 1821 
he removed with his father's family to Washington, Miss., 
where he remained until 1848, when he removed to Madison 
Parish, Louisiana. He was the author of a number of essays 
on scientific subjects. In the thirtieth year of his life he began 
his work on the "Physical Geography, and the History of the 
Mississippi Valley." After spending several years collecting 
materials for this great work, he turned aside (about 1841) to 
devote himself temporarily to the writing of a History of the 
Mississippi Valley as a separate volume. This great work was 
published in two volumes in 1846. Unfortunately he was not 
able to complete his work on the "Physical Geography of the 
Mississippi Valley," nor his more pretentious work on the 
"Physical History of the Human Race," the manuscripts of 
both being left incomplete at his death. The greater part of 
Dr. Monette's manuscripts were left for a number of years at 
his old home in Washington, after his family had become dis- 
persed, many of them being lost. Those which have been pre- 
served are in the possession of his son, Dr. George N. Monette, 
of New Orleans, Louisiana. They are as follows : 

1. On the Physical Geography of the Mississippi Valley. 

Book III., Chapter 18.— The Physical Character of the Lower Mis- 
sissippi. 29 pages. 

Book III., Chapter 19.— Physical Changes and Alluvial Formation in 
the Delta. 38 pages. 

Book III., Chapter 20.— Old River Lakes. 22 pages. 

Book III., Chapter 21.— Bayous and Bayou Regions. 35 pages. 

Book III., Chapter 22.— Levees for Reclaiming the Lowlands. 28 pp. 

Book VII., Chapter 26.— Climate of the Lower Valley and Southwest. 
30 pages. 

Book VII., Chapter 28.— Meteorological Observations and Seasons. 
40 pages. 

Book VIII.— Vegetable Productions. Chapter 28.— Indigenous For- 
est Growth. 41 pages. 

Book VIII., Chapter 29.— Undergrowth, Vines and Parasites. 67 pp. 

Book VIII., Chapter 30.— Cultivated Trees and Shrubs. 6 pages. 

2. Indians Mounds, or American Monuments. 24 pages. 

3. A communication to the Hon. Samuel Ricker, Chairman of Senate 

Committee on Levees. This manuscript contains 12 pages, written 
in answer to 49 queries made by the party addressed in a circular 
of May 1, 1850. 

4. Miscellaneous Manuscripts. 

A poem on Friendship, written in 1865, contains 26 stanzas (250 lines). 
A series of essays, five in number, on Empiricism. 20 pages. 
A satirical poem. 6 pages. 



Collectors and Students. 281 

The large number of contributions made by Dr. Monette to De Bow's 
Review (New Orleans), the Southwest Journal (Natchez) and to other 
scientific and literary journals indicate the wide range of his research 
and the power of his pen. 

/. L. Power. 

Col. J. L. Power (1834-1901) was born in Ireland. He set- 
tled in Missssippi in the twenty-first year of his age (1855). 
During the greater part of his life he was engaged in the pub- 
lishing business. He showed great interest in the subject of 
State history and during the latter part of his life was generally 
considered as the best informed man on this subject. In 1864 
he was made superintendent of army records with the rank of 
colonel. Being engaged at Richmond in the duties of this of- 
fice when the city was captured (April 2, 1865), he rescued from 
destruction many valuable records relating to the services of 
Mississippi troops in that great conflict. At the close of the 
war he returned to his adopted State, where he remained until 
his recent death. His intense interest in the preservation of 
the sources of Mississippi history is shown by his large and 
valuable collection of materials bearing upon this subject. As 
these materials have not been assorted or catalogued, detailed 
information with reference to them cannot be now given. 

Franklin L. Riley. 

Since his connection with the University of Mississippi as 
professor of History, Franklin L. Riley has devoted much time 
to the collecting of materials bearing upon the history of the 
State. As his energies in this direction have been directed for 
the most part to the acquisition of manuscripts for the Missis- 
sippi Historical Society, of which he is secretary, the most im- 
portant materials which he has acquired appear in the catalogue 
of the collections of the Society. (See supra.) He still has in 
his possession the following manuscripts and books relating to 
Mississippi: 

1. A collection of several hundred letters which relate primarily to 
the history of the extinct towns of Mississippi. They contain also much 
valuable genealogical data. 

2. Extracts from the correspondence between Thomas Jefferson and 
Sir William Dunbar^ and between Sir William Dunbar and many other 
prominent men of his day. 

3. Dunbar's (Sir William) Account of the Commencement and Pro- 
gress of the First 18 Miles of the Line of Demarcation (31 ). 48 pages. 

4. Several hundred newspaper clippings on historical subjects. 



282 Mississippi Historical Society. 

5. Several unbound volumes of the Confederate Veterans. 

6. A manuscript history of Mississippi, written by himself, of which 
his School History is an abridgment. 

7. Manuscripts relating to the international complications over the 
navigation of the Mississippi river. 

8. A diary kept by his father during the War between the States. 

9. A muster roll, containing the data for a complete history of Com- 
pany B, 16th Mississippi Regiment. 

10. A collection of views of historical interest. 

11. A collection of maps relating to the early history of the State. 

12. The first eleven volumes of De Bow's Review. 

13. A collection of Mississippi books, embracing among others the 
following works: 

Carpenter's (Marcus T.) Memories of the Past. 

Miss Sharkey's Mate to Mate. 

Falkner's Rapid Ramblings in Europe. 

Falkner's Little Brick Church. 

Brown's (A. J.) History of Neivton County. 

Perry's (Henry G.) Phantasy: of Teachings of Truth from Study and 
Contrast of the Real with Unreality. 

Newton's (A.) Position of the Old School Presbyterian Assembly on the 
Subject of Slavery. 

Stanton's (Rev. Robt. L.) Farewell Address on Resigning the Presi- 
dency of Oakland College. 

Loughborough's (Mrs. James M.) My Cave Life in Vicksburg. 

Adams' (T. A. S.) Aunt Peggy and Other Poems. 

Abney's .(Henry M.) Ballads and Sonnet Variations. 

Hebron's (Mrs. Ellen E.) Songs from the South. 

Hebron's (Mrs. Ellen E.) Faith, or Earthly Paradise; and Other Poems. 

Herbert's (Hilary A.) Why the Solid South. 

Robertson's (Norvel) Hand-Book of Theology. 

Middleton's (Elder H. W.) Polemic Theology and Metaphysics. 

Abbey's (Rev. R.) Diuturnity: or the Comparative Age of the World, etc. 

Hunnicutt's (Rev. W. L. C.) Prize Fighting in the Schools and Other 
Essays. 

Porter's (Rev. R. G.) Odd Hours. 

Porter's (Rev. R. G.) Gilder oy' s Stories. A Book for Boys. 

Powell's (Rev. T. S.) Five Years in South Mississippi. 

Halbert and Ball's Creek War of 1813 and 1814. 

Mayes (E.) History of Education. 

Leavell's (Z. T.) Baptist Annals. 

Claiborne's (J. F. H.) Life and Times of Gen. Sam Dale, the Mississippi 
Partisan. 

Hinsdale's (Mrs. Laura F.) Legends and Lyrics of the Gulf Coast. 

Malone's (Walter) Claribel and Other Poems. 

Claiborne's (J. F. H.) Mississippi as a Province, Territory and State. 

Etc., etc. 

James Alexander Ventress. 

James A. Ventress (1805-1867) was born in Tennessee, his 
family removing to the Mississippi Territory in 1809. After 
attending the schools of Wilkinson county and an academy at 
New Orleans, he spent nine years as a student in the Univer- 
sities of Edinburgh, Paris, and Berlin. He was "a contributor 
to several of the English and French scientific and literary 
magazines and had papers read before the Institute of France, 



Collectors and Students. 283 

receiving the commendation of the scientific lights of Europe. 
Returning to Mississippi, he was licensed to practice law in 
1841." The following extract is taken from a sketch of Mr. 
Ventress' life published in Goodspeed's Memoirs: 

"Being in affluent circumstances, * * * * he practiced [law] but 
little, devoting himself instead to his pleasing interests, and his leisure 
to the study of general literature and the development of his taste for 
mechanics. His study and experiments resulted in numerous inven- 
tions, some of which he had patented, but it being a labor of love rather 
than of profit, he never attempted to make money out of them, though 
he permitted the use of some of them by manufacturers who were 
friends of his. While a student in Berlin, he presented to and received 
the thanks of the patriot government of Poland, then at war, for an im- 
provement on the cannon then in use, and for a substitute for the cui- 
rass worn by the soldiers of that unfortunate country. During the Civil 
War he invented a patent bullet, which he presented to the Confederate 
government. While he was an omniverous reader he devoted himself 
principally to works on science, politics and history, and the library he 
collected and bequeathed to his children is probably the finest, if not 
the largest, collection of rare works in the State." 

His manuscripts are in the possession of his son, the Hon. W. P. S. 
Ventress. 

B. L. C. Wailes. 

Col. B. L. C. Wailes, author of Agriculture and Geology of 
Mississippi (1854), was a descendant of one of the pioneer set- 
tlers of Mississippi. His father, Levin Wailes, settled in Adams 
county, Miss., in 1807. He was "entrusted with the establish- 
ment of several important boundary and standard lines of the 
public lands acquired from the different Indian tribes of 
Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana." He was sub- 
sequently made Surveyor-General of the' district south of Ten- 
nessee. 

To the valuable manuscripts which Col. B. L. C. Wailes in- 
herited from his father, he added a large number by his collect- 
ing industry which extended over a long period of the early 
history of the State. Unfortunately only a few of his papers 
have been preserved, as will be learned from the following ex- 
tract from a letter written by his granddaughter, Miss Nellie 
Wailes, of Atlanta, Ga., bearing the date of Sept. 18, 1901. She 
says that "by reason of frequent moving after the war, when 
everything was in an unsettled condition, and the carelessness 
of friends in whose keeping our books and papers were left 
most of them have been destroyed or lost." The following 
are now in her possession: 



284 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Old Newspapers — 
Mississippi Messenger, Natchez, Miss. June 14, 1806. 
Louisiana Planter, Alexandria, O. T. Mar. 27, 181 1, and Aug. 8, 181 1. 
Orleans Gazette for the Country. Jan'y 24, 181 1. 
Mississippi State Gazette, Natchez. April 16, 1825. 
The Port Gibson Correspondent. May 12, 1827. 

Old Letters- 
Harmon Blannerhassett, written from his home near Port Gibson. 
Aaron Burr, written to Andrew Jackson. 
Wm. Dunbar, 
Silas Dinsmore, 
Wm. Garrard, 
Jno. A. Quitman, 
Geo. Poindexter, 
Jno. Vidal, 
David Holmes, 
Albert Gallatin, 
Thos. Rodney. 

Old Documents — < 

Ordinance passed by the President and Trustees of Washington, Miss. 
Also the act of Corporation, published in Natchez by Andrew Mar- 
schalk in 1825. 

Indictment of Aaron Burr, Washington, Miss., Feb. 2nd, 1807. 

A bill to enable the people of Mississippi to form a Constitution and 
State Government, and for the Admisssion of said State. 

Instructions from Thos. Jefferson to Thos. Freeman, Surveyor Gen- 
eral, to form an expedition, with men, arms and supplies, also ar- 
ticles for barter with the Indians, to explore and ascertain the ex- 
tent and character of the country lately ceded by the name of Lou- 
isiana. 

Ahsolom Madden West. 

Gen. A. M. West, lawyer, financier, and historian, was born 
in Alabama. He settled in Mississippi in 1837. He rendered 
valuable service to the Confederate government during the War 
between the States. In 1864 he became president of the Mis- 
sissippi Central Railroad Company, in which capacity he 
showed remarkable ability by the promptness with which he re- 
built this road and repaired the injuries thereto which resulted 
from the ravages of war. In 1876 he delivered an historical 
address on Mississippi at the Centennial Exposition at Phila- 
delphia. He was nominated vice-president of the United 
States by the "National Party" in 1880, and by the "Anti-Mo- 
nopoly Party" in 1884. 

He spent the latter part of his life in literary work, confining 
his writings principally to political, historical, and biographical 
subjects. Upon his death his papers seem to have been scat- 
tered. Some of them are in the possession of his grandson, 



Collectors and Students. 285 

Mr. L. A. Smith, of Holly Springs, Miss. The following letter 
from Mr. Smith is of interest in this connection: 

"I am in receipt of your recent communication in regard to my grand- 
father's papers. 

"Maj. Head, as you know, has his diary in Chicago. I cannot get a 
reply from him, although I have written him twice very urgently in re- 
gard to this diary. It is decidedly the most important set of papers in 
the collection. 

"My uncle, Benjamin Glover West, of 801 Polk Street, Memphis, 
Tenn., I think, also has in his possession some of the important papers 
of my grandfather. 

"I have here in Holly Springs a vast amount of letters, documents 
and pamphlets, newspapers, supplements, circulars, and dodgers, which 
I think are of interest to Mississippians. Among them are his Com- 
mission as a Brigadier-General, orders and letters (autograph) of Con- 
federate generals to him, a newspaper supplement (Lexington Adver- 
tiser) detailing an account of the battle of Buena Vista and including 
a list of the Mississippi troops engaged therein, notifications of speak- 
ing and debating engagements, muster and recruiting notices, copies 
of his and other speeches, et cetera. In this collection also are auto- 
graph copies of my grandfather's, my grandmother's, and my great- 
uncle's pardon, signed by the President and the Secretary of State. It 
is quite an interesting and valuable collection." 

Thomas Jesse Wharton. 
Judge T. J. Wharton (1817-1899) was a native of Tennessee. 
In 1837 he was admitted to the bar of Mississippi and entered 
upon the practice of his profession at Clinton. He afterwards 
lived in Raymond and in Jackson, Miss. In 1857 he was elect- 
ed Attorney General. In 1882 he was appointed judge of the 
Circuit Court of the Ninth Judicial District. During the period 
of reconstruction he rendered conspicuous service to his 
adopted State. The following extract is taken from a sketch 
of Judge Wharton's life, which was published in Goodspeed's 
Memoirs (Vol. II., 1019) : 

"He has given much time and study outside of his profession, and 
often lectured to delighted audiences. His historical and biographical 
paper of Mississippi, from 1801 to 1890, has won for him the applause 
of thousands. ***** There are few men of today so well versed 
in the history of Mississippi, or so well qualified to discuss it as he. He 
has witnessed the erection of her Capitol at Jackson, attended every 
convention held there, and has heard every speech of importance that 
has been delivered within its walls." 

His large collection of historical materials is now in the pos- 
session of his family. His daughter, Miss Lula E. Wharton, 
writes that the papers "he most prized were those relating to 
the early history of Mississippi and biographical sketches of 
the prominent men whom he personally knew." This valuable 
collection has not been assorted or catalogued. 



286 Mississippi Historical Society. 

John A. Watkins. 

Col. John A. Watkins (1808-1898) was a native of Jefferson 
county, Mississippi. A sketch of his life will be found in the 
Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society. He was very 
much interested in the early history of Mississippi and devoted 
much time to collecting information and writing upon this sub- 
ject. Most of his papers are in the possession of his family in 
New Orleans, the rest being in the possession of his nephew, 
Rev. A. F. Watkins, of Brookhaven, Miss. They are unassort- 
ed and have not been catalogued. The scope of them is shown 
by the following extract from a recent letter written by Dr. 
Watkins, which gives an account of the papers now in his pos- 
session : 

"They relate to the introduction of Mexican cotton seed into 
the United States, the introduction of quinine and the building 
of the first cotton gin in Mississippi, a biographical sketch of 
Pushmataha, the celebrated Choctaw chief, and some of the 
papers relate to the Choctaw Indians of Mississippi." 

Information concerning the papers of this collection, which 
are still in New Orleans, cannot now be given. 



SECTION 3. NEWSPAPERS IN PRIVATE HANDS. 1 

By James M. White. 
1. Bethany. 
Dr. S. A. Agnew has miscellaneous collection. Some pa- 
pers issued during the stirring times of 1862 and others anti- 
dating the Civil War. He also has an interesting historical 
scrapbook. 

2. Carrollton. 

Proprietor Mississippi Conservative has file of that paper 
from 1865-1891. 

J. Columbus. 

J. C. Martin has incomplete file of Columbus Index, 1875- 
1887. 

Miss Jennie Worthington has loose copies of Columbus 
Democrat Press, 1835 ; loose copies of Columbus Democrat 
of 1840, 1841, 1854, 1857; loose copies of Patrons of Hus- 
bandry, 1 877- 1 884. 

Columbus Democrat, 1842, 1843, ^44 (bound). 

The Mississippi Democrat, 1858, 1859, i860, 1861 (bound). 

The Mississippi Index, 1865, 1866 (bound). 

4. Durant. 

Killingstad and Peters have Durant News, 1893-1901. 

5. Eupora. 

W. N. Darden has incomplete file of Eupora Progress, 1891- 
1901. 

6. Fayette. 

P. K. Whitney has Fatte Watch Tower, Dec. 7, 1855-Nov. 6, 

1857. 
Jefferson Journal, i857-(?). 
Fayette Chronicle, 1894-1901. 

7. Gloster. 

W. D. Cranfield has Valley Record, Feb. 1888-1901. 

*For an account of newspapers in public repositories see "Libraries 
and Societies" and "County Offices/' supra. 

19 



288 Mississippi Historical Society. 

8. Holly Springs. 

J. B. Mattison has papers published at different times from 
1840-1861. 
Also Holly Springs South, 1 890-1901. 
Holly Springs South, 1867-1890 (file incomplete). 

p. Jackson. 

T. J. Baily has The Baptist, Nov. 16, 1 898-1901. 

R. H. Henry has Clarion Ledger, 1888 to date. 

R. H. Henry has Clarion, 1865-1888. 

R. H. Henry has Eastern Clarion, 1837-1865. File not 
complete. 

Edgar Wilson has The Commonwealth, 1889- 1892 (Jack- 
son). 

Joe Power has loose copies of Daily Mississippian, 1862. 

Joe Power has loose copies of Southern Crisis, 1863. 

Joe Power has loose copies of Mobile Register, 1863. 

Joe Power has loose copies of Montgomery Advertiser, 

1863. 

10. Notches. 

Miss Mary A. Stewart has in her possession many loose 
copies of papers running as far back as 1803, and the following 
bound volumes, all edited by her great-grandfather, Col. An- 
drew Marschalk: 

Washington Republican, 1813-1815. 

Washington Republican, 1815-1816. 

Washington Republican and Natchez Intelligencer, 1816- 
1817. 

State Gazette, 1818. 

State Gazette, 1819 (duplicate). 

State Gazette, 1820. 

State Gazette, 1821, 1822 (duplicate). 

State Gazette, 1822-1823. 

State Gazette, 1824-1825. 

Mississippi Republican, 1819-1820 (duplicate). 

Mississippi Republican, 1822-1823. 

Mississippi Republican, 1818. 

Natchez Newspaper and Public Advertiser, 1826. 

Mississippi Stateman, 1827. 



Newspapers in Private Hands. 289 

Mississippi Stateman and Natchez Gazette, 1826-1827. 

Statesman and Gazette, 1827-1828. 

Statesman and Gazette, 1829. 

Miss Nellie Wailes, Atlanta, Ga., has: 

Mississippi Messenger, June 14, 1806. 

Mississippi State Gazette, April 16, 1825. 

11. Oklona. 

A. W. Steinberger has Messenger, 1900-1901. 

12. Paulding. 

A. W. Noble has Jasper County Review, 1899-1901. 
Several copies of Old Eastern Clarion published at Paulding 
by McRea and Adams in the fifties, reported by A. W. Noble. 

13. Port Gibson. 

Miss Nellie Wailes, Atlanta, Ga., has The Port Gibson Cor- 
respondent, May 12, 1827. 

14. Raymond. 

H. W. Harper, copies of the Raymond Gazette running back 
to 1844. 

Raymond Gazette, Jan. 3, 1896-1901. 

The Snag Boat, published during campaign of 1840. 

15. Starkville. 

A. G. O'Brien has The Starkville Banner, Oct. 25, 1895- 
1901. 

16. Vicksburg. 

Rev. W. S. Harrison, Water Valley, Miss., has a copy of 
last edition of the Wall Paper series of The Daily Citizen, 
July 2, 1863. 

17. West Point. 

L. T. Carlisle has West Point Echo, 1880, 1881. 
West Point Leader, Jan. 1, 1882-1901. 



SECTION^ WAR RECORDS. 

By Franklin L. Rilex 

This subject was assigned to the late Col. J. L. Power. At 
the time of his death he had not prepared his report. No ef- 
fort will be made to exhaust the subject in the few notes that 
follow. They are merely the facts which came to the other 
members of the Commission while engaged upon their work in 
other fields of investigation. It is hoped that a subsequent 
Commission will be able to give the subject the attention which 
its importance demands. For an account of the war records 
in Federal and State offices see supra. 

Robert Bowman. 

Judge Robert Bowman, of Yazoo City, historian of the Ya- 
zoo County Camp of the Confederate Veterans, has compiled 
and written over 240 folio pages on the history of the fourteen 
companies from his county in the War between the States, giv- 
ing the battles in which they engaged, their deeds of bravery, 
et cetera. He has also recorded the services of individuals in 
support of the army and government, the events that happened 
during the period of reconstruction, especially in Yazoo county, 
an account of the flight of Gov. Pettus from Mississippi and its 
immediate cause, and of the overthrow of Radicalism in 1875. 
This work also contains a sketch of the early life of Gen. N. B. 
Forrest as a citizen of Marshall and De Soto counties, etc., etc., 
etc. 

G. W. Dudley. 

Mr. G. W. Dudley, editor of the Iuka Vidette, has published 
in pamphlet form an account of the battle of Iuka, with a map 
of the battlefield (1896) ; also an account of the battle of Cor- 
inth, including the battle at Davis' Bridge, on Hatchie, and the 
skirmish at the Tuscumbia (1899). The activity of Mr. Dudley 
as a collector of manuscripts is indicated by the following ex- 
tract taken from the preface of his accourt of the battle of 
Corinth : 

"This unpretentious story has been carefully compiled from data ob- 
tained from different sources. In addition to official records, the writer 



War Records. 291 

has interviewed a score or two of old soldiers who participated in the 
battles around Corinth. Not less than fifty letters have also been re- 
ceived with information of more or less importance. Some of these 
letters were from officers of high rank, others from privates." 

F. H. Foote. 

The collecting industry of Mr. F. H. Foote, of Port Gibson, 
is indicated by the following extract from a letter written by 
him to the chairman of the Historical Commission, Aug. 6, 
1901 : 

"I have _ complete muster rolls of 'Claiborne Guards,' Co. K, 12th 
Mississippi regiment, Infantry; 'Claiborne Rifles' (originally Fairview 
Rifles), Co. G, 16th Mississippi regiment, Infantry; 'Claiborne Volun- 
teers' Co. F, 2nd Mississippi Infantry. These companies served in 
Virginia. I have the roster of each complete, — names, promotions, 
killed, died, etc. I am now occupied in getting the roster of the several 
other companies from this county. I have an incomplete roll of 'Van 
Dorn Guards' Co. B, 3rd Mississippi mounted regiment, and hope in 
the course of a few weeks to have it complete. I have also a partial 
roll of one cavalry company and am striving to complete that. I find 
that great apathy exists in getting facts. I am promised rolls but 
that is all that comes of the promise. Still I will persist and may 
ultimately get all of them. Of one thing I am gratified that rolls 
of almost every command from Claiborne exists somewhere, but it is 
hard to get copy made, too much trouble, I suppose * * * * I 
am working every point I can to complete a military history of 
Claiborne county, the Indian wars, Jackson's wars, Mexican and Con- 
federate." 

M. A. Fitzgerald. 

Mr. M. A. Fitzgerald, of Senatobia, has a large collection of 
letters written by his brother, J. T. Key, during the four years 
of the War between the States. Mr. Key belonged to the Hud- 
son Battery, and was at the siege of Vicksburg. 

Mrs. L.D. Greenlaw. 

Mrs. L. D. Greenlaw, of Hazelhurst, Miss., daughter of Capt. 
E. J. Runnells, has an interesting collection of war papers, as 
is shown by the following extract from a letter written by her 
Sept. 5, 1901 : 

"The most worthy of mention are as follows: A number of orders 
from Corinth, Columbus, and Meridian, issued by Generals Beauregard, 
Breckenridge and others; Commission of my father, E. J. Runnells, 
of Rankin county, as captain of the Rankin Rough and Readies, signed 
by John J. Pettus, Gov. A. C. Brougher, Secretary of State, and W. H. 
Brown, Adjutant General, on A_pril 22, 1861; also his commission as 
major of the 22nd Regiment of Mississippi Militia, signed by John J. 
Pettus, Gov. A. C. Brougher, Secretary of State, and W. L. Lykes, 
Adjutant General, on Dec. 8, i860; a copy of 'The Daily Citizens' pub- 
lished on Wall paper at Vicksburg, during the siege, June 23, 1863; pay 
roll of Rough and Readies; an order issued by Isham Harrison to have 



292 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Capt. E. J. Runnell's company mustered into service as a part of his 
regiment; an order issued by the War Department at Richmond, signed 
by Major-General S. D. Lee, authorizing Isham Harrison to organize 
the ten companies raised by him into a regiment and muster them into 
service for the Confederate States; 'Tax in kind of property' for the 
common defense and to carry on the government of Confederate States 
and 'special exemptions;' a document 'relating to militia taken at 
Vicksburg and paroled, still out of service;' my father's parole at 
Vicksburg, signed by John E. Simpson, Capt. and paroling officer, 59th 
Reg., Ind. Vol. Application by Maj. E. J. Runnells for authority to 
raise a 'company of partisan Rangers for service in the Valley of the 
Mississippi river and elsewhere;' a request by Capt. Runnells of Co. 
A, 6th Miss. Vol. for leave of absence to recruit his company that had 
been 'thinned by battle and disease,' signed by a number of officers 
and approved by Gen. Beauregard; an impassioned address by General 
Beauregard to 'the Soldiers of the Army of Mississippi,' after the bat- 
tle of Shiloh, in which he recounts their victories gained during a two 
days bloody battle; an order signed S. S. Angevine (?) to Capt. E. J. 
Runnels, of Co. G, 6th Miss. Reg. of Cavalry; the response made by 
Capt. E. J. Runnels of the Rankin Rough and Readies upon acceptance 
of the flag presented by Miss Serentha Easterling, of Cato, Miss., now 
of D'Lo, Miss., on the occasion of a barbecue and a large gathering 
to see the company 'march on to war to the music of fife and drum,' 
playing 'The Girl I Left behind Me.' I have also a partial journal of 
the siege at Vicksburg, written by my father who was one of the be- 
sieged." 

H. S. H albert. 

Mr. H. S. Halbert, of Lucile, Miss., has collected the follow- 
ing war records : 

A manuscript copy from the Department of the Interior of three 
separate muster rolls of Choctaw warriors who served in the Creek 
War of i8i3-'i4. 

(1) Muster roll of the four companies or battalions of Lieutenant 
Colonel Pushmataha that served under Gen. Claiborne in the Holy 
Ground Campaign. 

(2) Muster roll of Pushmataha's company of 75 warriors that made 
an expedition across the Tombigbee just below the mouth of the Black 
Warrior in February, 1814. 

(3) Muster roll of 53 warriors commanded by Pushmataha that 
formed part of the detachment under the command of Maj. Uriah Blue 
and were mustered out of service at Fort Stoddert, Jan. 27, 1815. 

In addition to the above may be mentioned a copy of the roll 
of the field and staff of Lieut. Col. Pushmataha's detachment 
of Choctaw warriors in the service of the United States from 
March 1st to May 29th, 1814. 

/. P. May. 

Mr. J. P. May, of Elwood, Miss., has given the following ac- 
count of the papers in his hands in a letter of October 18, 1901 : 

"I have a good many papers and have been keeping them for thirty 
years, thinking they would some time be of use, and for my children 



War Records. 293 

and grandchildren to read after I have passed away. I have also a 
scrap-book made up mostly of Civil War reminiscences." 

Mrs. Emily Van Dorn Miller. 

Mrs. Emily Van Dorn Miller, of Washington, D. C, has a 
valuable collection of war papers relating particularly to the 
career of her illustrious brother, Gen. Earl Van Dorn. 

J. L. Power. 

The valuable collection of war papers that belonged to the 
late Col. J. L. Power doubtless embraces more titles than does 
any other collection of the kind in the State. These records are 
in the possession of his family and are deposited in wooden 
chests which are kept securely locked. A more detailed ac- 
count of them cannot now be given, as they have not been cat- 
alogued. (See supra.) 

Franklin L. Riley. 

Franklin L. Riley has a diary kept by his father, Mr. F. L. 
Riley, during the War between the States; also a complete 
muster roll of Company B, 16th Mississippi regiment, which 
gives a brief record of each member of this company through- 
out the war. (See supra.) 

T. J. Reynolds. 

Mr. T. J. Reynolds, of Chunkey, Miss., has a manuscript his- 
tory, almost completed, of a Mississippi regiment (the one to 
which he belonged) during the War between the States. Fur- 
ther details were not obtained by the Commission. 



ABORIGINAL AND INDIAN HISTORY. 



SECTION i. PUBLISHED ACCOUNTS OF PREHIS- 
TORIC REMAINS. 

By H. S. HAivBKRT and A. J. Brown. 

The work of the Commission in this field has not been com- 
pleted. 1 The report here given is, therefore, fragmentary. An 
effort is now being made by the Historical Society to have the 
archaeology of the State worked thoroughly and systematically. 

See the "Archaeological Program" adopted by the Society 
in the Report of the Fourth Annual Meeting. 

Adams County. 
Mounds at Natchez. 

In Ellicott's Journal, p. 134, see, for incidental mention, Dr. 
Samuel Morton, American Journal Science and Art, 2nd Ser., 
Vol. II (1846), p. 6, note. 

There were also, mounds at White Apple village, where, ac- 
cording to tradition, the Natchez chief, or "Sun," resided in 
1729. 

Seltzertown Mounds. 

"Described at length in Brackenridge's Views of Louisiana 
(appendix). Brief notice by J. R. Bartlett in the "Progress of 
Ethnology," pp. 8, 9, published in Trans. Am. Eth. Soc, Vol. 2. 
Brief description in Anc. Mon., pp. 117, 118. Explored by Jo- 
seph Jones and described by him in a communication to the 
Natchez (Mississippi) Weekly Democrat and Courier, June 26, 
1884. This is probably the mound alluded to as reported by 
Prof. Forshey, Am. Jour. Sci. and Art, 1st Ser., Vol. 40 (1841), 
pp. 376-377." Thomas' Prehistoric Works, p. 123. 

See also, Twelfth Annual Report Bureau Ethnology, 1890-91, 
pp. 263-267; plate. 

Bolivar County. 

Description of graded mounds near William's Bayou, in the 
Choctaw bend, i\ miles from the Mississippi river. 

In Smithsonian Report, 1879, P- 3^5 '■> figure. Also described 

x This part of the Report is based largely on Owen's Bibliography of 
Mississippi. 



298 Mississippi Historical Society. 

and figured in Squire and Davis' Ancient Monuments, pp. 116, 
117. 

See also, for general reference, Twelfth Annual Report Bureau 
of Ethnology, 1890-91, p. 258. 

CivAiborne County. 

Remains of an ancient wall. Mentioned in Smithsonian 
Report, 1879, P- 444- 

A more detailed account of this supposed antiquity was pub- 
lished in the Port Gibson Reveille, May 11, 1899. 

Another account of this wall was published in the Times- 
Democrat, in 1900. 

Coahoma County. 

Mounds in. 

In Twelfth Annual Report, Bureau of Ehtnology, 1890-91, pp. 
253-258; 2 plates and 2 figures. 

Contains descriptions of the "Carson Group," the "Dicker- 
son Mounds," and the "Clarkesdale Works." 

Issaquena County. 

Description of mounds in. By W. M. Anderson. 
In Trans. St. Louis Academy of Science, Vol. Ill (1868- 1877), 
pp. 232, 234. 

Ittawamba County. 

Mounds in. 

In Smithsonian Report, 1867, p. 405. 

Jasper County. 
Burial mounds in. By H. S. Halbert. In American Archae- 
ologist, Part II, Vol. 2, p. 298 (1898). 

Lafayette County. 

Mounds in Northwest part of T. 7, S., R. 4, W. 
In Squier and Daris' Ancient Monuments, pp. iio-iii. 
Map No. 2, pi. 38. 

Mounds on left bank of Clear Creek, near Mount Sylvan. 
Ibid, pp. 111-112. Map No. 3, pi. 38. 



Aboriginal and Indian History. 299 

LEE County. 
Mounds in. 
In Smithsonian Report, 1867, pp. 404-405. 

Lowndes County. 

Prehistoric Relics of. By Albert C. Love, M. D., Donalds- 
ville, La. In the American Antiquarian, Vol. II., pp. 2yg-^. 

Marion County. 
Ancient mounds in. 
Mentioned in Smithsonian Report, 1879, P- 444- 

Noxubee County. 

Prehistoric earthworks in Noxubee county, Mississippi. By 
H. S. Halbert. 

In American- Antiquarian, Vol. XXIII. , No. 2, pp. 139, 140. 

Panola County. 
Earthwork three miles east of Panola. 
In Squier and Davis' Ancient Monuments, p. 113. 

Pontotoc County. 
Quadrangular mound between Butchiecunifila and Oconita- 
hatchie Creeks. 

Mentioned by Samuel Agnew in Smithsonian Report, 1867, p. 
404. 

Prentiss County. 
Mound near Baldwyn. 
Mentioned by Samuel Agnew in Smithsonian Report, 1867, p. 

405. 

Rankin County. 

Ancient ruin known as the "Platform." 
Mentioned in Smithsonian Report, 1879, p. 444. 

Sharkey County. 
Mounds on Deer Creek. 
Mentioned in Smithsonian Report, 1879, P- 44 2 - 

Sunflower County. 
Mounds in. 

In Twelfth Annual Report Bureau of Ethnology, 1890-91, pp. 
579-580 ; 1 figure. 



300 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Tippah County. 

Mound on Camp Creek, in Southeastern part of county. 

Mentioned by Samuel Agnew in Smithsonian Report, 1867, p. 
404. 

Union County. 

Mounds in. 

Reported by Samuel Agnew in Smithsonian Report, 1867, p. 
404. 

See also Twelfth Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology, 1890-91, 
pp. 267-273 ; 9 figures. 

Warren County. 

Mounds on Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. 
Mentioned in Smithsonian Report, 1879, p. 442. 

Washington County. 

Description of mounds in. By James R. Gage. 

In Trans. St. Louis Academy Science, Vol. III., (1868-1877), 
pp. 227-232. 

See also Twelfth Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology, 1890-91, 
pp. 259-260; 1 -figures. 

This contains a description of the "Avondale Mounds. " 

See also Smithsonian Report, 1879, PP- 3&3> 3&4- 

Winston County. 

Nanih Waiya, the Sacred Mound of the Choctaws. By H. 
S. Halbert in Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, 
Vol. II., pp. 223-234. 

Yazoo County. 

Mound on Yazoo river, 20 miles below Satartia. 

Briefly described by J. W. C. Smith in Smithsonian Report, 

1874, p. 370- 

The Champlin mounds in Yazoo county. 

In Twelfth Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology, 1890-91, pp. 
260-263 5 3 figures. 

Prehistoric Remains. 

Prehistoric Jasper ornaments in Mississippi, by R. B. Fulton. 

In Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, 1898, Vol. 
I., pp. 91-95. 



Aboriginal and Indian History. 301 

Rau's (Charles) "The Stock-in-trade of an Aboriginal Lap- 
idary (Mississippi)," published in the Smithsonian Report for 
1877, gives an account of a very remarkable collection (469 in 
number) of jasper ornaments found about one mile from He- 
bron, in the northeastern part of Lawrence county, Miss. 

Catalogue of prehistoric works east of the Rocky Mountains. 
By Cyrus Thomas. 

Mississippi, pp. 122-6. 

Articles of stone art from. 

In Thirteenth Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology, 1891-92, pp. 
74-174, passion. 

Mounds in Mississippi. 

Ibid, 1890-91, pp. 253-278; ill. 

Mounds of the Mississippi Valley, by Lucien Carr in Smith- 
sonian Report for 1891, pp. 503-599. 

Choctaw Indians. 
The First Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology, 1879-80, pp. 120, 
155, 169, 186. 
Use of discordal Stones by. 
Ancient notices of. 
Ibid, 1888-89, P- 347- 
Mode of divination of. 
Ibid, pp. 494-495- 

Description of communal burial of. 
Ibid, 1890, 1890-91, p. 6yy. 



SECTION 2. THE SMALL INDIAN TRIBES OF MISSIS- 
SIPPI. 

By H. S. HaIvBSrt. 

As is well known, the three noted Indian tribes that were the 
ancient proprietors of the greater part of the domain of Mis- 
sissippi were the Choctaws, the Chickasaws and the Natchez. 
In addition to these historic tribes, there were several small 
Indian nationalities, whose homes were once within the pres- 
ent limits of the state. Of them I propose to make brief men- 
tion. 

In the southern part of the state lived the Biloxis, the Pas- 
cagoulas, the Chozettas, the Moctobys, and the Chatos. (Give 
a in Chato the Continental sound.) 

The Biloxis, when first known by Iberville, 1699, were living 
near Biloxi bay; but they afterwards removed north-westward 
to Pearl river. In 1764 they crossed the Mississippi and set- 
tled in Louisiana. In Rapides parish there is now living a 
small remnant of this tribe, the larger portion having again 
migrated within recent years, some to the Choctaws, and others 
to the Alibamos of eastern Texas. A study of their language 
has shown that they belong to the Siouan or Dakotan family, 
they having separated from the parent stem in some remote 
prehistoric time. In their native tongue, they call themselves 
Taneks, and refuse to be known as Biloxis. Taneks haya, 
"the first people." In pronouncing the name Biloxi, o should 
have the long sound, as Be-loke-see. I have always heard it 
so pronounced by old Choctaws, who had often come in con- 
tact with the Biloxis in the Choctaw nation. 

The Pascagoulas lived on the river now bearing their name. 
Nothing is known of their language; but as they were always 
associated with the Biloxis in their various migrations, they 
may have spoken the language of the latter, or one closely re- 
lated thereto. Their tribal name is of Choctaw origin, and 
signifies "Bread People." Paskokla; paska, bread, and okla, 
people. In 1764, this tribe emigrated to Louisiana, and located 
near the Biloxis. The census of 1830 gives their number as 
one hundred and eleven. But little is known of their later his- 



Small Indian Tribes. 3°3 

tory. It is thought that the remnants of the tribe are now 
among the Alibamos of Texas. The pathetic legend of the ex- 
termination of this tribe, so often rehearsed in the impassioned 
speeches of our Mississippi stump orators as an incentive to he- 
roic resolve, is only pleasing fiction. No such event ever oc- 
curred, for the Pascagoulas are yet a living people. 

But little is known about the Chozettas and the Moctobys. 
Early in the eighteenth century they were living on the Pas- 
cagoula river. Perhaps they became absorbed by the Pasca- 
goulas and the Biloxis. 

The Chato tribe is of unknown ethnic affinity, and lived on 
the coast. According to Choctaw tradition, they were incor- 
porated into the Six Towns Choctaws. There is a creek near 
Mobile, Alabama, still called by the Mississippi Choctaws, 
Chato creek, a memorial of this extinct nation. 

The tribes living along the Yazoo river were the Chocchumas, 
the Tunicas, the Yazoos, the Ofogoulas, the Coroas, the Ta- 
pouchas, and the Ibetoupas. 

The Chocchumas, the last remnants of whom lived on the 
Yazoo in the last period of their history, was a tribe of some 
celebrity, being first mentioned by one of the chroniclers of De 
Soto's expedition. Their language was the same as that of 
the Choctaws. Their tribal name, Chocchuma, is a corruption 
of shakchi homma, which signifies "red craw-fish." About 
1770, the tribe was almost exterminated by the combined forces 
of the Choctaws and the Chickasaws. In 1836, this remnant 
was incorporated into the Chickasaw nation. At the time of 
their subjugation, they occupied a narrow territory between 
the Choctaws and the Chickasaws, and extending from the 
mouth of the Yalobusha on the west to the vicinity of the pres- 
ent town of West Point on the east. We here quote a few 
lines from a letter received several years ago from Mr. H. B. 
Cushman, of Texas, who, in early life, had conversed with sev- 
eral aged Choctaw warriors who had served in the Chocchuma 
war : "The Chocchumas built many forts in this territory, sev- 
eral of which were in Oktibbeha county. In the center of their 
forts, they erected tall poles, on which they suspended scalps, 
beads, bones, and other savage paraphernalia. When the wind 
blew through these trophies, it made a peculiar noise, which 
their prophets interpreted as the voice of the Great Spirit, in- 
20 



304 Mississippi Historical Society. 

1 
forming them that some Choctaw or Chickasaw was killing a 
Chocchuma. Forthwith, a party of young braves would go on 
the war-path, and the first Choctaw or Chickasaw they met, 
whether old or young, male or female, they would kill, return 
home, hang the scalp on the instructive pole, and await an- 
other oracular response." According to Choctaw tradition, it 
was these hostile acts of the Chocchumas, together with their 
frequent horse-stealing inroads into the Choctaw and Chicka- 
saw countries, that aroused the warlike wrath of the latter tribes, 
and caused the war that terminated in the destruction of the 
Chocchuma nationality. I here append the following traditions 
regarding this war. The most noted stronghold of the Choc- 
chumas was built on Lyon's Bluff on the south side of Line 
Creek, about eight miles northeast of Starkeville. The creek 
here makes a bend to the north, forming a horseshoe containing 
about eight acres. In the center is an artificial mound. A 
rampart, some traces of which could still be seen a few years 
ago, extended across this neck of land, connecting, as it were, 
the two ends of the horseshoe. This enclosure, known as Ly- 
on's Bluff, strongly fortified, was occupied by a large band of 
Chocchuma warriors with their women and children. The 
place was besieged by the allied tribes. The Choctaws occu- 
pied the south, in front of the rampart, while the Chickasaws 
were posted on the north side of the creek, so that there was 
no chance of escape for the Chocchumas. For several days 
and nights was the siege kept up, until the last Chocchuma 
warrior fell, and the women and children yielded to the mercy 
of the conquerors. 

The late venerable Mr. Howell Peden, of Clay County, from 
whom, several years ago, I received many Chocchuma tradi- 
tions, informed me that in 1830 there was living near Plymouth, 
on the Tombigbee, an old Chocchuma woman, who was a girl 
or young woman during the Chocchuma war, and who was the 
last survivor of the massacre on Lyon's Bluff. She had been 
a cook in Jackson's army during the Creek war of 1813. This 
fact is noted, as it gives a clue to the approximate date of the 
Chocchuma war. A woman over fifty would hardly be apt to 
serve as an army cook. Assuming this woman to be seven in 
1770, she would have been fifty in 1813. 1770, then, may be ac- 
cepted as the approximate date of the Chocchuma war. 



Small Indian Tribes. 305 

After the destruction of this Chocchuma stronghold, the 
Choctaws next captured a Chocchuma fort, situated some three 
miles northwest of Starkeville, on the spot afterwards occupied 
by the residence of Dr. -Calvin Cushman, the missionary. Tra- 
dition has failed to preserve any details of the capture of this 
place. 

About six miles west of Bellefontaine, on the old Grenada 
road, is the site of a Chocchuma village. The chief who lived 
there, Chula Homma, Red Fox, is said to have been one of the 
most powerful chiefs of his tribe. The village was captured 
and burned by the Choctaws. Chula Homma and his war- 
riors were all slain, and the women and children became the 
slaves of the conquerors. When the whites first visited that 
region, about 1833, they found living on the site of the village 
an Indian, Coleman Cole, who claimed to be a grandson of one 
of the captive women. From him a party of surveyors learned 
the tradition of the village. 

According to tradition, the animosity of the Choctaws and 
Chickasaws towards the Chocchumas was so fierce and unre- 
lenting in this aboriginal war, that they killed every dog, cat, 
and chicken found in the Chocchuma villages. 

The Tunica tribe, when discovered by the French, had sev- 
eral settlements on the Yazoo river, one on the Mississippi a 
few miles below the mouth of the Red river, and another in the 
present Tunica county, which received its name from this tribe. 
The Indians that so severely defeated Major Loftus on the 
Mississippi river in 1763 were Tunica Indians. A brief notice 
of this battle may be seen in Lowry's School History of Mis- 
sissippi, pages 47 and 48. A fuller account may be seen in the 
larger works of Claiborne and of Monette. In 1817, the entire 
Tunica tribe emigrated to Louisiana, one section now living 
near Marksville, and another near Lake Charles City. Their 
language has no affinity with any other Indian tongue. Their 
tribal name, Tunica, signifies in their language, "the people." 
It is compounded of ta, corresponding to the article the, uni, 
man or people and the suffix ka. 

Of all the tribes living on the Yazoo river, the habitat of the 
Yazoo tribe proper was the lowest down the river. There is 
some uncertainty about the interpretation of the word Yazoo. 
There is no evidence that the word signifies "River of Death" 



306 Mississippi Historical Society. . 

in any Indian tongue. It has no significance in Choctaw, al- 
though the Choctaws had a clan of that name, Yashu Okla, 
''Yazoo People"; and there was a Choctaw town named Ya- 
zoo, or more correctly Yashu, in Neshoba county, and there is 
a Yazoo creek in Kemper county. The best supposition is 
that the meaning of the word must be sought in the Uchee 
tongue, in which Yashu signifies "leaf." The Uchees claim 
that they were the most ancient inhabitants of the Gulf States, 
and there is some evidence that, in prehistoric times, they lived 
in Mississippi, and gave names to several streams, whose names 
cannot be explained in Choctaw. In the latter half of the eigh- 
teenth century the Yazoos were living in one hundred cabins. 

As to the other small tribes living on the Yazoo river, apart 
from the number of their cabins at the close of the eighteenth 
century, the information about them is very meager. The Ofo- 
goulas, that is, On Okla, "Dog People," lived in about sixty 
cabins; the Coroas, about forty cabins; the Tapouchas, about 
twenty cabins ; the Ibetoupas lived near the Tapouchas, but the 
number of their cabins is unknown. 

Nothing is known regarding the language of the Yazoo tribe 
proper and the four other small tribes on the Yazoo river, save 
that their languages were entirely distinct from that of the 
Choctaws. In 1836 these five little tribes were incorporated 
into the Chickasaw nation. This, no doubt, was the cause of 
the extinction of their languages, they adopting the speech of 
the larger and dominant tribe. 

Reference has been made to the fact that the Biloxis and Pas- 
cagoulas emigrated from Mississippi into Louisiana in 1764. 
I here give the details. The Indian tribes of the Gulf States, 
with the exception of the Chickasaws, were very much at- 
tached to the French ; and at the subversion of the French do- 
minion in 1763 many of the Indians were averse to coming 
under English authority. In consequence of this changed con- 
dition of affairs, representatives from all the tribes south of the 
Ohio river held a great council at Mobile in the spring of 1764 
to decide what course to pursue regarding the now all-absorb- 
ing power of the English. Many of the Indians, and, in some 
cases, whole tribes, resolved to expatriate themselves, and fol- 
low the French into Louisiana. The tribes that carried this 
resolve into effect were the Tensas, Biloxis and Pascagoulas ; 



Small Indian Tribes. 307 

also many of the Six Towns Choctaws, and a part of the Cos- 
hattees and Alibamos. 

It was perhaps at this time, for history does not give the 
date, that there occurred the secession of a part of the Haio- 
wanni or Yowanni band of Choctaws, which emigrated into 
north-west Louisiana, and united with the Caddos, forming 
what is now known as the Yowanni band of Caddos. About 
1835 they left Louisiana, and emigrated westward. The old 
Choctaw Yowanni reservation in Mississippi was on the Chick- 
asahay river, some three miles below Shubuta. The name of 
this old town or division is spelled in various ways : Haiowanni, 
Haiyowanni, Yowanni, Yoani, Yuanna, Hewanny, Ewany, etc. 
The first two forms are the best. 

I close this article with a migration theory which may explain 
the presence of the Biloxis on the Gulf coast, so far removed 
from their congeners in the distant North. It is now conceded 
by all American archaeologists that the Mound Builders were 
Indians. It has been demonstrated that the effigy mounds of 
Wisconsin were made by the ancestors of the Siouan or Dako- 
tan stock of Indians. Only one effigy mound has been dis- 
covered in the Ohio valley, and it is in Vanderburg county, In- 
diana. In Hardin county, Tennessee, there is another. So far 
as known, this is the only one in Tennessee, as well as the most 
southern one in the United States. 

When De Soto crossed the Mississippi in 1541, the first tribe 
he encountered in the present Arkansas was the Kapaha, as 
the name is written by the Spanish chroniclers. This tribe has 
been identified by all ethnologists as the Akansa or Kwapa 
tribe of modern times. The language of the Kwapas shows 
that they belong to the Dakotan stock, and are congeners of 
the Biloxis. According to Kwapa tradition, their ancestors, 
many centuries ago, lived in the Ohio valley, from whence, in 
process of time, they emigrated south, finally crossing the Mis- 
sissippi into Arkansas. As stated, it has been demonstrated 
that the Dakotans were the builders of the effigy mounds of 
Wisconsin. We may safely assume that after the inauguration 
of the mound-building custom, the Kwapas separated from the 
primordial stock in Wisconsin, and emigrated to the Ohio val- 
ley, where they built the Vanderburg county mound. Another 
migration could have carried them to Tennessee, where the 



308 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Hardin county mound is found. From that place, perhaps by 
the pressure of hostile tribes, they moved westward, perhaps 
along the northern boundary of Mississippi, crossed the Mis- 
sissippi, and settled in Arkansas, where they were found in the 
historic period. 

It is probable that the Biloxis may have separated from the 
parent Dakotan stock, and accompanied the Kwapas to the 
Ohio valley, where they may have remained for centuries, per- 
haps in Vanderburg county. They may have accompanied the 
Kwapas to West Tennessee, which locality may have been their 
parting ground, the Kwapas going westward, and the Biloxis 
southward down the valley of the Tombigbee to the Gulf, 
where the French found them in 1699. 

A thorough examination of the Tombigbee valley might re- 
veal the existence of effigy mounds. If any should be found, 
they would be considered as memorials of the migration route 
of the Biloxis from their Wisconsin home to their home on 
the Gulf. I believe this migration theory is the only one which 
satisfactorily accounts for the presence of the Biloxis on the 
Gulf, so far distant from the habitat of their progenitors near 
the Great Lakes of the North. 



POINTS AND PLACES OF HISTORIC 
INTEREST IN MISSISSIPPI. 



W**B * FA8 ^ <; - 








' /l/A i T E ' "HOLMESVIL 

^WILKINSON \,cz«tz» v ,lle I P//(£ 



EXTINC T 
T D WN5 

AND 

VILLAGES DE 
MISSISSIPPI 

301 



SECTION i. EXTINCT TOWNS AND VILLAGES OF 
MISSISSIPPI. 

By Franklin L. Rmy. 

A large portion of Mississippi was settled by means of im- 
migrant wagons and pack-horses, which moved slowly and with 
great difficulty over dim trails or rough wagon roads. In the 
course of time these early roads developed into great thorough- 
fares, and wayside inns were erected along them at regular 
intervals to accommodate the constantly increasing number of 
travelers. These hostelries often became the nuclei of pros- 
perous villages and towns as the highways along which they 
were situated grew in popular favor. But subsequent changes 
in the modes of travel and the shifting of centers of population 
brought decay and death to many of these places. 1 

1 The fate of the town of Washington, which was a station on the 
old Natchez Trace, illustrates this point. Although the town can hard- 
ly be spoken of as extinct, it now retains only a fragment of its for- 
mer greatness, the buildings of Jefferson College and a few other 
houses being the only structures left out of the large number of im- 
posing edifices of former years. 

The following account of Washington as it was ill 1805 is taken from 
Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory, and State, pages 258-260: 

"The town of Washington, six miles east of Natchez, in a rich, ele- 
vated and picturesque country, was then the seat of government. The 
land office, the Surveyor-General's office, the office of the Commis- 
sioners of Claims, the Courts of the United States, were all there. In 
the immediate vicinity was Fort Dearborn and a permanent canton- 
ment of the United States troops. The high officials of the Territory 
made it their residence, and many gentlemen of fortune, attracted by 
its advantages, went there to reside. There were three large hotels, 
and the academical department of Jefferson College, inaugurated by 
Governor Claiborne, was in successful operation. The society was 
highly cultured and refined. The conflicting land titles had drawn a 
crowd of lawyers, generally young men of fine attainments and bril- 
liant talents. The medical profession was equally well represented, 
at the head of which was Dr. Daniel Rawlings, a native of Calvert 
county, Maryland, a man of high moral character and exalted patriot- 
ism, eminent in his profession, and who, as a vigorous writer and 
acute reasoner, had no superior and few equals. The immigration 
from Maryland — chiefly from Calvert, Prince George and Montgom- 
ery counties — consisted, for the most part, of educated and wealthy 
planters — the Covingtons, Graysons, Chews, Calvits, Wilkinsons, Free- 
lands, Wailes, Bowies, and Magruders; and the Winstons, Dangerfields, 
and others from Virginia, who for a long time gave tone to the so- 
ciety of the Territorial capital. It was a gay and fashionable place, 
compactly built for a mile or more from east to west, every hill in 
the neighborhood occupied by some gentleman's chateau. The pres- 



312 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Changes in the fickle current of streams and in the methods 
of water transportation were no less disastrous to many river 
towns, which at one time bade fair to become centers of com- 
merce. 

Another class of towns, now extinct, sprang into prominence 
in the 30's, when the spirit of speculation was rife in the land. 
It was a time of inflation ; obscure villages and plantations and 
even insignificant landing places for small boats caught the 
infection and aspired to become towns and cities. Their lives 
were generally short and their deaths tragic. Baldwin tells us 
that when the great financial crash came in 1837, "promising 
young cities marched back into the wilderness ; the ambitious 
town plat was reannexed to the plantation," and "the only 
question was as to the means of escape, and the nearest and 
best route to Texas." 

The loss of political favor, or the changes of county limits, 
followed by the removal of court houses and county offices, 
resulted in the decay of many of the early seats of justice in the 
rapidly developing commonwealth. 

Railroads, which are the greatest factors in modern munici- 
pal development, have also been the most potent causes of 
municipal decay and death. This fact is illustrated by the his- 
tory of scores of innocent country towns, whose only crime was 
their distance from the "right of way." 

In many cases two or more of these causes of decay have 
united in hastening the destruction of the same unfortunate 
town. 

Adams County. 

Kingston. 2 — The town of Kingston was situated about six- 
teen miles southeast of Natchez and about two miles from the 

ence of the military had its influence on society; punctilio and cere- 
mony, parades and public entertainments were the features of the 
place. It was, of course, the haunt of politicians and office hunters; 
the center of political intrigue; the point to which all persons in pur- 
suit of land or occupation first came. Was famous for its wine par- 
ties and dinners, usually enlivened by one or more duels directly af- 
terward. Such was this now deserted" and forlorn looking village, dur- 
ing Territorial organization. In its forums there was more oratory, 
in its salons more wit and beauty than we have ever witnessed since — 
all now mouldering, neglected and forgotten, in the desolate grave- 
yard of the ancient capital." 

2 This sketch is based upon information obtained from Dr. C. F. 
Farrar, of Kingston, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 313 

Homochitto river, which is the boundary line between Adams 
and Wilkinson counties. 

In the year 1771 Samuel and Richard Swayze, of New Jersey, 
bought of Capt. Amos Ogden 19,000 acres of land, which had 
been granted to the said Ogden by the English Government in 
1768. 3 After locating and surveying their estate, which has 
since been known as "Ogden's Mandamus Grant," the Swayze 
brothers, early in 1772, sailed from Perth Amboy, New Jersey, 
for their new home, with their families and kindred, in all 
about fifteen families. They settled at a place about one mile 
from old Kingston, building their cabins close together, and 
erecting a log stockade for the protection of the women and 
children in case of an attack by the Indians. 

In 1784 Caleb King located and built his house about a mile 
from where the colonists first settled. He called this place 
Kingston and laid it off into lots, giving names to the streets. 
Dr. C. F. Farrar, of Kingston, Miss., a grandscn of Caleb 
King, has the original map of the place as drawn by its foun- 
der. The county around was soon thickly settled, and from 
1800 to 1824 Kingston was a prosperous town, having three 
stores, a tailor shop, a shoe shop, a saddler's shop, a black- 
smith shop. It had about one hundred and fifty inhabitants. 
About 1820 a church was built there, which was free for the 
use of all denominations. Many of the pioneer ministers held 
services in it, among them Lorenzo Dow, who preached in it 
twice. 

About 1830 Kingston began to go down. Many of its citi- 
zens disposed of their property and moved away. There now 
remains at this place only one dwelling, a doctor's office, 
wherein is a post office, and a Methodist church, and near by two 
stores and two steam gins. Some of the descendants of the 
first settlers, who are still living in the neighborhood, are, the 
Swayzes, Foules, Ashfords, Byrds, Davises, Farrars, Thomases, 
and Sojourners. 

Alcorn County. 

Cammel's Town. — About fifteen or twenty miles south of the 
home of Pitman Colbert, a wealthy half-breed Indian, who lived 

8 An account of this will be found in Claiborne's Mississippi as a 
Province, Territory, and State, pp. io6-'7. 



3H Mississippi Historical Society. 

on Twenty Mile creek, there was at an early date a settlement 
known as Cammers Town. This place was situated on the old 
Reynoldsburg road. 

Danville. 4 — On the old R^noldsburg road near Tuscumbia 

river, two men by the name of John Rives and Fitz, had 

a store. They called the place Troy. This was the first white 
settlement in old Tishomingo county, which county embraced 
at that time the present counties of Tishomingo, Alcorn, and 
Prentiss. Other merchants began business there and the place 
grew until it had the following firms : Young & Chany, Brews- 
ter & Dilworth, Adams & Cross, Stafford & Cross, H. Mitchell, 
L. B. Mitchell, and J. H. Buford. On the west side of Troy 
was an abundance of fresh, freestone spring water, suitable for 
tanyards, for which the place became noted. The first circuit 
court in the county was held in a small log house in Troy. 
One of the jurors was named B. F. Powell, who died a few 
years ago. Soon afterwards the citizens of this town wanted 
a post office and finding that there was already one post office 
by the name of Troy in the State, they changed its name to 
Danville. 

Some of the early citizens of Danville were Allslot, a tan- 
ner, James Hamlin, Allen Kemp, Dr. Broady, Wm. Taylor, 
and Dr. B. F. Liddon. Near by lived H. B. Mitchell, the father 
of Mr. L. B. Mitchell, of Corinth, Miss., the first probate judge 
of the county, who afterwards went by the name of Judge 
Mitchell; also A. B. Dilworth and Cody Fowler, who repre- 
sented the county in the lower house of the Legislature. Dil- 
worth was one of the leading Democrats of old Tishomingo 
county and was Secretary of State from 1855 to i860. Dan- 
ville never had more than one hundred and fifty inhabitants at 
one time. There was for years a close contest at this place 
between the Democrats and the Whigs. Mr. L. B. Mitchell 
writes : 

"I have heard Gov. McNutt and Senator A. G. Brown speak in 
Danville. During presidential campaigns there was a great deal of 
excitement and both parties would raise their respective flags in honor 
of their man. 

"Just west of Danville about two miles is what is called the New 
Hope neighborhood, and in these two neighborhoods lived some of 

*This sketch is based upon the information derived from Mr. L. B. 
Mitchell, of Corinth, Miss., and from Mr. L. J. Burnett, of Danville, 
Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 315 

the best citizens of the county, noted for their great piety and religious 
temperament. As an illustration of their law-abiding nature I will 
say that in i860 there was a runaway negro in the neighborhood, a 
bright mulatto, much above his race in intellect, who stayed in a hole 
in the ground in day time and moved about among the negroes at 
night. On one occasion he went to the house of William Dilworth, 
who was known to have money. Dilworth was sick in bed and when 
the negro knocked at the door his wife opened it. Seeing the negro 
she shut the door. He shot at her through the window and the sick 
man, seeing him at the window, shot him in the breast, but did not 
kill him. A long search was made for the negro and he was finally 
captured, some of the negroes telling where he was hidden. He was 
delivered up for trial without any effort to mob him." 

Danville was incorporated by an act of the Legislature in 
1848. The completion of the Mobile and Ohio railroad, which 
missed the old town about a mile, establishing the rival towns 
of Rienzi and Corinth, destroyed the early prosperity of that 
place. In 1861 it had four or five business houses and a hotel. 
Upon the evacuation of Corinth by the Confederate troops in 
the War between the States the Federal forces camped all 
around old Danville. When they left the place they established 
a stockade, called Camp Davis, about three miles north of it, 
and across the Tuscumbia river. In order to furnish quarters 
for their troops they moved the houses, including a large 
church and a Masonic hall, from Danville. The place still has a 
post office, though no vestige of the old town is left. 

Boneyard. 5 — In the early 30's William Powell established a 
village on the old stage road that ran from Jacinto, the first 
seat of justice of old Tishomingo county, to Lagrange, Tenn. 
As the founder of this village was a very lean man the place 
was humorously called "Boneyard." At the time of its greatest 
prosperity it had three mercantile establishments, a cabinet- 
maker's shop, a tan yard, a saddler's shop, a blacksmith's shop, 
and a carding machine. The last enterprise was owned and 
operated by Mr. M. Suitor, who carded wool for people for 
fifteen miles around. A Masonic lodge (No. 179), was also 
built at this place. At one time the village had about one hun- 
dred inhabitants. 

Boneyard was destroyed by the Federal forces in the War 
between the States and was never rebuilt. A public school 
building, on the public road, eleven miles west and three miles 
south of Corinth, now marks the site of this extinct village. 

5 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. M. Suitor, 
of Kossuth, Miss. 



316 Mississippi Historical Society. 

J. M. Lynch, of Corinth, Miss., and M. Suitor, of Kossuth, are 
the only persons now living in the county who were citizens 
of voting age in Boneyard before its destruction. 

Farmington. 6 — The town of Farmington was a flourishing 
place prior to the year 1855. About that time the Mobile and 
Ohio and the Memphis and Charleston railroads made a cross- 
ing about four miles to the southwest and the old town began 
to go down. As late as the beginning of the War between the 
States the place contained several houses and had a large popu- 
lation and a post office. But when the Federal forces ad- 
vanced on Corinth they completely demolished old Farming- 
ton, tearing down the houses to make breastworks, flooring 
for tents, etc. 

There is now a mill and a gin on the site of this once flour- 
ishing town. The old cemetery is still used as a burying 
ground, and is kept up by the surrounding community. In it 
rest the remains of many of the prominent pioneers of this part 
of the State, some of the tombs dating back to 1820. A Baptist 
church now stands on the same old site where one stood before 
the war. Among the pastors of this church were Gen. M. P. 
Lowrey, Ham. Savage, O. D. Fitzgerald, and R. G. Boothe. 
Rev. E. C. Gillenwaters, a Cumberland Presbyterian minister, 
also conducted school at old Farmington at one time. The 
Farmington hotel was kept by Ben Jones. Some of the promi- 
nent citizens of this place were : Phillips, Reed, T. D. Barefoot, 
Ben Burton, T. P. Young, Eli Calahan, Columbus and Felix 
Bell, and Hyneman, merchants; Warren, Harris, E. F. Haynie 
and Jack Bean, grocery keepers ; James Taylor, postmaster ; 
Drs. Stout, Joel Anderson, J. J. Gibson, and George Gray, phy- 
sicians ; Jerry Capoot and George Geise, blacksmiths ; M. P. 
Lowrey (afterwards Gen. Lowrey), a brick mason; John Hen- 
son and Calvin Lowrey, wheelwrights; "Uncle Dick" Smith, a 
ginner and farmer. At Farmington William, Charley, and Mil- 
ton Bennett manufactured wheat fans, which they sold all over 
the State. A. J. Richards was a saddle and harnessmaker at 
this place. Other citizens of prominence, who lived at old Far- 
mington during its flourishing days, were Col. C. W. McCord, 

a This sketch is based upon information derived from Messrs. J. M. 
Cumby and H. S. Brooks, of Corinth, Miss., and L. J. Burnett, of 
Danville, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 317 

R. J. and Henry Hyneman, Dr. Cook, Tolivar Shelton, James 
Box, Sr., Steve Box, E. W. Garland, Jeff Shope, Ely Nichols, 
Bird Smith, Peter Garland, M. G. Cumby, W. M. Driver, Allen 
Steger, and "Uncle Barnie" Nichols. 

When Corinth began to build up most of these men removed 
with their families to that place, where many of their descend- 
ants still live. 

Attala County. 

Attalaville. 7 — Attalaville was about one mile, "as the crow 
flies," in a southwesterly direction from Sallis, a station on the 
Aberdeen branch of the Illinois Central railroad. Mr. Harman 
says that old Attalaville "was the pride of the neighborhood 
and an ornament to the county; for it was the fairest spot with- 
in her limits." At the time of its greatest prosperity (i850-'6o) 
it contained only three residences, one store, a blacksmith shop, 
a wood shop, and a male and female academy. The residences 
were occupied by three brothers, Robert L., Silas H., and Simon 
S. Clark. The homes of the first two citizens, Robert L. and 
Silas Clark, were large and beautiful two-story buildings, cost- 
ing perhaps five or six thousand dollars each. The third resi- 
dence, occupied by the youngest of the three brothers, was less 
pretentious. Silas H. Clark, the founder of Attalaville, owned 
and controlled the store and shops. His youngest brother was 
associated with him in the mercantile business for a short time. 
Besides his store and shops, S. H. Clark owned and operated 
two large plantations and was engaged in the commission busi- 
ness in New Orleans, under the firm name of Thompson & 
Clark. He built a turnpike and a bridge across Big Black 
river on the road leading from Attalaville to the town of Good- 
man. R. L. Clark also owned and operated a large plantation 
on Big Black river. He had besides a small farm about his 
home. Mr. S. S. Clark had a small farm and operated a small 
tannery. The building of the Mississippi Central railroad (now 
the Illinois Central) unquestionably affected the prosperity of 
old Attalaville, but the fatal blow to its existence was the death 
of its founder, which sad event occurred some time during the 
War between the States. 

7 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. W. A. Har- 
man. of Sallis, Miss. 



318 Mississippi Historical Society. 

The residence of R. L. Clark is now owned and occupied by- 
Mr. J. C. Ashley. The house of S. H. Clark is unoccupied, 
though in a good state of preservation. The house of S. S. 
Clark, or what remains of it, is occupied by a family of negroes. 
Not a vestige of the store and shops and academy remain, save 
a small mound, or hillock, which marks the site of the store 
chimney. 

Valena. 8 — The village of Valena was situated on Big Black 
river, on the western part of a plantation formerly owned by 
Silas H. Clark. It was an early trading center for the sur- 
rounding country and was a regular stopping place for flat- 
boats from other points on the Big Black. The first sawmill 
in Attala county was built at this place. The village had two 
or three stores, a blacksmith shop and a grog shop at the time 
of its greatest prosperity. As all of the citizens of this place are 
probably dead, the writer could gather but few facts concern- 
ing its history. 

Concerning this place Mr. Harman writes as follows : 

"I can do no more than give you its location, as its birth and death 
occurred before my memory of passing events began. None to whom 
I ever applied for information relative to it, was able to enlighten 
me. As it was years ago that I sought this information, it would be 
utterly futile to prosecute an inquiry of that nature now; for I doubt 
if there is one in a hundred of the inhabitants who live in the neigh- 
borhood of its site knows that there once existed such a village. The 
site of the village is in a field that has long been in cultivation, every 
vestige of the village having disappeared years ago. I recollect when 
I first saw the place, when I was a boy, one solitary roofless old log 
house, well on the road to total decay, marked its site. The site of 
the village is about eight miles southwest (approximately) of Attala- 
ville and about one and one-half miles east of southeast (approximate- 
ly) of Goodman." 

Burkettsville. 9 — The small village of Burkettsville was situ- 
ated seven miles north of Kosciusko. During the time of its 
greatest prosperity (1840-1850) it contained two stores, a black- 
smith shop, a large church and a camp ground. Its most prom- 
inent citizens were Burkett Thompson, G. W. Galloway, a mer- 
chant, and Dr. Cook, a physician. The place was named for 
Burkett Thompson, one of its most enterprising citizens. The 
cause of its decay was the killing of Willis Wingo by Marks, 

8 This sketch is based upon information derived from C. H. Camp- 
bell, Esq., of Kosciusko, Miss., and Mr. W. A. Harman, of Sallis, Miss. 

9 The facts upon which this sketch is based were kindly collected 
by Supt. G. F. Boyd, of Kosciusko, Miss. 



Towns and Villages. 3*9 

xhe leading merchant, who left the country. Not a vestige of 
the village remains to mark its former site. 

Rocky Point. 10 — The little village of Rocky Point was situ- 
ated twelve miles northwest of Kosciusko. It had its begin- 
ning in a tanyard which was erected by Armstrong and Black 
in 1842. We are told that at that time "twenty-one head of cat- 
tle were exempt from taxation, hence the farmers always had 
a number of beeves to butcher. The hides were tanned on 
shares or exchanged for leather. Very many of the farmers 
knew as well how to make a shoe as to run a plow. They had 
a last for each member of the family. These lasts were known 
as 'Mary's/ 'John's/ 'Martha's/ "etc. 

In 1843 Armstrong and Black sold their tanyard to Benja- 
min F. Rowe, who erected a residence and store at the place. 
In the same year a Jew by the name of Marks sold goods in 
this store a short time, being succeeded by Bartain Evans. 
About this time a post office was established at Rocky Point. 
In 1847 Williamson McAdory bought the store and the sur- 
rounding farms. In 1850 Cooke and Thweatt were granted 
license to sell liquor at this place. Rocky Point then became 
a popular resort for marksmen, many shooting-matches being 
held here. It was also the muster ground of the county for 
a number of years. 

The place suffered from the disastrous effects of the War 
between the States. The store was closed and the post office 
died as a result. 

Bluff Springs. 11 — The old village of Bluff Springs was situ- 
ated in Attala county, one mile east of Sallis. Magnus S. 
Teague and Colonel Coffee were wealthy merchants of this 
place. At the time of its greatest prosperity Bluff Springs 
contained two stores, a drug store, a saloon, a gin, a shoe shop, 
and a post office. It was at this place that Bill Coffee was 
killed by two masked men two years after the War between the 
States. The war and later the Illinois Central railroad caused 
the village to decay. Only one dwelling house now marks the 
site of the old place. 

10 The facts upon which this sketch is based were derived from Mr. 
D. T. Guyton, of Possumneck, Miss. 

"This sketch is based upon information derived from Supt. G. F. 
Boyd, of Kosciusko, Miss. 



320 Mississippi Historical Sc 

Benton County. 

Lamar. 12 — The town of Lamar was loc ;oad 

midway between Lagrange, Tenn., and Holly Springs, liss., 
in Benton (formerly Marshall) county. At one time it sup- 
ported perhaps half a dozen stores. Col. Timmons L. Tread- 
well, the leading merchant and planter living at this place, ac- 
cumulated a great deal of wealth. Lamar was finally absorbed 
by the station of the same name about two miles to the east, 
on the Illinois Central railroad. The sons of Col. Treadwell 
became large and influential commission and wholesale grocery 
merchants in Memphis. 

This was a fine agricultural section of country and was set- 
tled by a wealthy class of planters, such as Capt. William Coop- 
wood and Thomas Mull, both of whom were very fond of poli- 
tics ; Col. Chas. L. Thomas, who was a member of the Legisla- 
ture for several terms; and Judge A. M. Clayton, who lived on 
his plantation near this place after his retirement from the 
bench. The Smiths, the Hendrons, the Chainers, and the 
Rooks also settled in this section, as did also Rhinehart, Gor- 
man, and Dr. Cummings, Col. Andrew R. Govan, Dr. Hardar- 
way, John Dabney, and William Hull. 

The original site of Lamar is now part of a cultivated field. 

Salem. — The town of Salem in Tippah county (now Benton), 
was settled about 1836. It was incorporated by the Legislature 
in May, 1837. At one time it had twelve or fourteen business 
houses, two hotels, and a thriving female school. Its popula- 
tion numbered about two hundred. It carried on a large trade 
with the surrounding country. The neighborhood was com- 
posed of wealthy, substantial planters, among whom were Col. 
Frances T. Seake, Thomas Hamer, and Col. Daniel B. Wright. 
Col. Wright practiced law both in Ripley and in Holly Springs. 
He was fond of politics, and for one term represented his dis- 
trict in the lower House of Congress. Col. John B. Ayres and 
his son. Dr. Gus Ayres, lived in Salem. Mr. Robert McDonald, 

Dr. J. A. Moorman, Col. Baird, and John W. Matthews 

also lived at or near this place. 

Orin Beck, proprietor of a watering place, known as Beck's 

12 The sketches of the extinct towns of Benton county are based 
upon information derived from Maj. Wm. M. Strickland, of Holly 

Springs, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 321 

Springs, also lived in old Salem. N. B. Forrest, who acquired 
such great renown as a Major General of cavalry during the 
late War between the States, was a nephew of Mr. Beck, and 
was reared near this place. Joseph W. Matthews, once gover- 
nor of Mississippi, lived within two miles of Salem (in Marshall 
county.) Although his early education was neglected, he was 
a. man of great intellectual power and was invincible on the 
hustings. During his various political campaigns he was 
known as "Jo Salem," "J° tne Well Digger," and "old cop- 
peras breeches." 

Old Salem has entirely disappeared. One or two citizens 
live there and cultivate the site of the former town. It was 
absorbed by Ashland, county seat of Benton county, situated 
two or three miles to the east. 

Bolivar County. 

Prentiss. 13 — The town of Prentiss was named after that bril- 
liant orator, Sargent S. Prentiss, whose memory at that time 
had not been honored with the name of any county or town 
in the State. The life of this place was short, being comprised 
within the space of about seven years. It was laid off early in 
1856, its location being upon the Mississippi river, immediately 
opposite the town of Napoleon in Arkansas. At that time this 
latter town had a population of seven or eight hundred people. 
It has also long since disappeared from the face of the earth, 
having been undermined and swallowed by the great river upon 
which it was located. 

As the town of Prentiss owed its origin to the selection of its 
site for the county seat of Bolivar county, large and commo- 
dious public buildings, a brick court house and jail were at once 
built and the place grew rapidly for a few years. When the 
War between the States began in 1861, it had a population of 
about two hundred, a good hotel, and a newspaper, the Bolivar 
Times. 

Judge F. A. Montgomery, of Rosedale, Mississippi, says: 

"Prentiss was really the first county site and had the first jail in the 
county, I had almost said the first courthouse; for the shanty which 
had been used for that purpose could hardly be dignified by that name. 
This was a little frame building, the court room being about twenty 

"The following sketch is based principally upon facts obtained from 
Judge F. A. Montgomery, of Rosedale, Miss. 



3 22 Mississippi Historica b. c: 

feet square with two small rooms about ten feet squ: re. for clerk's 
office and jury room. When the new court house was built this little 
house was standing in the yard of Judge Joseph McGuire, one of the 
earliest settlers in the country, whose descendants still live, honored 
citizens of the country, and whose plantation adjoined the town of 
Prentiss. Small and unpretentious as was this building, I have seen 
Judge John I. Guion preside in it, and it was from one of his terms 
at that place that he returned home to die. Succeeding hirn, that 
great Judge, J. Shall Yerger, presided in it one term, while the new 
courthouse was being prepared. Great causes had been 1 heard and 
determined in the old house by great judges, who heard great law- 
yers discuss them, and it would be interesting to tell of some of them 
if my plan permitted." 

"The history of this old court house is unique, and deserves to be 
told. 14 Its first location was on what was then the Mississippi river, 
but is now Lake Beulah, and about three or four miles below the town 
of Rosedale, one of the present seats of justice of Bolivar county. An 
old field at this place, still known as the old court house field, marks the 
spot where it stood. _ I am not sure that the place ever had a name. 
One of my earliest friends in the county, William Sackville Cook, who 
has long since gone to his reward, was at that time clerk of the courts 
and gave me its history. As it stood at this place several years without 
attracting any settlers, the people of the county decided to move it. 
The whole structure was put on a flat-boat and carried down the river 
to Bolivar Landing. After remaining here a few years, it was again 
put afloat — this time on two flat-boats — and towed up the river to Judge 
McQuire's place, where, like the ark on Mount Ararat, it found its final 
resting place. Bolivar county was then a wilderness and, indeed, was 
almost unknown until a short time before the new court house was 
built, when its fertile soil and the hope of protection by the levees, then 
just being built, attracted the attention of wealthy planters everywhere, 
and they came in great numbers to avail themselves of the chance to 
purchase the rich lands. 

"The local bar of the county at that time was small, consisting of only 
two or three young lawyers, but the county afforded a rich harvest for 
able lawyers from abroad; for its rapid development made much liti- 
gation about land titles, and such men as William Yerger, Fulton An- 
derson, 15 Marshall and Walter Brooke, of Vicksburg; Smith, of Wash- 
ington county, and Alcorn, of Coahoma county, were regular attendants 
upon the courts which were held at Prentiss." 

War brought destruction to the promising little town of 
Prentiss. In the early part of 1863, a Federal force landed at 
this place and applied the torch not only to the public buildings 
but to private residences as well, and in a few hours not a 
house remained save one small building on the outskirts of the 
town. In this house a few sessions of the probate court were 

14 A brief mention of this interesting bit of local history will be found 
in Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. 
I., P- 243. 

15 Perhaps the best evidence of the ability of this gentleman is shown 
by a criticism of him by the talented Henry S. Foote, who, in trying 
to break the force of one of Mr. Anderson's prosecutions, said, "The 
zeal and ability of the young District Attorney is dangerous to the 
liberty of the citizens." 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 323 

held after thi war, but it, too, has long since disappeared. The 
site of tl e town has bee;i swallowed up by the waters of the 
Mississippi river. 

Carroll County. 

Leflore. 16 — The village of Leflore was situated midway be- 
tween Carrollton and Greenwood, being nine miles from each 
place. It was at the foot of the range of hills which runs a few 
miles east of Yalobusha river. The land upon which it was 
built belonged to Col. Greenwood Leflore. The first merchant 
of this place was probably Uriah Tison, who afterwards moved 
to Grenada. Leflore had several stores and one church. The 
village was a prosperous business point when the present city 
of Greenwood was known only as Williams' Landing. Leflore 
dwindled and died late in the 3o's, being superceded by Point 
Leflore, a village which sprang up in the present county of Le- 
flore at a distance of only a few miles. 

Only a few old wells and brick-kilns remain to mark the site 
of the old town. The place is now in cultivation. 

Shongalo. — The village of Shongalo was situated a short dis- 
tance west of Vaiden. The place was incorporated by an act 
of the Legislature in 1840. The writer has failed to get more 
detailed information on this subject. 

Middleton. 17 — The old town of Middleton was situated two 
miles west of Winona. It had its beginning in a small log- 
cabin store in which Ireton C. Devane sold goods to the In- 
dians and to the pioneers who by chance traveled along the 
trails that crossed at that place. A public road was soon laid 
out — the first in Carroll county — from Carrollton to the county 
seat of Choctaw county, by way of Devane's store. No name 
was given to the place for several years. It was first called 
Oxford, then Bowling Green, and finally Middleton. The last 
name was derived from the fact that the place was half way be- 
tween Carrollton and old Shongalo. The second business enter- 
prise to be established there was known as the "big firm," be- 
cause of the unusually large number cf its members. Messrs. 

16 This sketch is based upon information derived from Capt. L. Lake, 
of Oxford, Miss., and Mr. J. C. Harris, Sr., of Greenwood, Miss. 

17 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. W. F. 
Hamilton, of Carrollton. Miss., and Hon. Geo. A. McLean and Mr. 
W. W. Wadlington, of Winona, Miss. 



324 Mississippi Historical Society 

Small and Davidson were managers of this firm. In the early 
history of the place Mike Hill and Alfred Drake also built a 
store there. The business enterprises of old Middleton grew 
gradually until it had eight or ten stores. The principal mer- 
chants, besides those mentioned above, were Baker, Townsend, 
Jas. Bryant, Hemingway, W. H. Witty, J. J.- Gee, and Alex- 
ander Ray. 

After the treaty of Dancing Rabbit creek a large number of 
white families settled in and near this place. Among these 
were John Gary, with his sons, Marvel, West, and Allen, War- 
ren Wadlington, the Herrings, Samuel Jenkins, William Bar- 
row, W. Y. Collins, John E. Palmer, the Townsend brothers, 
Geo. A. Hogsett, John Huffman, Harrison Yelvington, N. Mc- 

Fatter, Scrivner, Graves, father of the defaulting 

State Treasurer; Chas. Davis, Joyner, Camp- 
bell, Reeves, James Jones, Andrew Woods, the Young 

brothers, James Pentecost, John and George McLean, W. W. 

and E. G. Whitehead, James Collins, Joseph Eubanks, 

Goza, Harvey Merrett, Webb, "Jack Turner," Hugh 

and Louis Davis, John P. Thompson, Mary Baskin, Ned In- 

man, Mrs. Dubard, the Doyles, Culpepper, John Tu- 

lord, the shoemaker, W. H. Curtis, the tailor; Sham- 
burger, Messrs. Gould and Carpenter, lawyers. 

In 1834 Ephraim Walls was granted a license to keep a tav- 
ern and to sell vinous and spirituous liquors at Middleton. He 
was succeeded by a Mr. Newton, and he in turn by Mrs. 
Bridges, who dispensed with the saloon. 

Mr. W. F. Hamilton, of Carrollton, Miss., writes as follows 
about the members of the Medical profession who lived in 
Middleton : 

"Of the early physicians I mention Drs. Lipscomb, Montgomery, 
Liddell, Satterwhite, Dandridge, Holman, Gary, Ward and Atkins. Dr. 
Montgomery left Middleton and located in St. Louis, where he spent 
his life in the work of his profession. Dr. Lipscomb married a Miss 
Scrivener, and after several years residence here removed to Texas. 
He had a partner, Dr. Satterwhite, in his early practice, but he re- 
mained at Middleton only a few years. Dr. W. _W. Liddell came to 
Middleton from Georgia and took a high stand in the community as 
a physician and as a man. It was here that he married, and although 
he did not spend his life in this neighborhood, he did not leave the 
county. Dr. Liddell was a man of great force of character and was 
truly a leader of men. Dr. Dandridge lived at Middleton during her 
days of splendor. Generous and jolly, he made many friends and was 
a conspicuous figure in the society of the town. Like many other 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 325 

young men he took the "gold fever" in 1849 and removed to California. 
After roughing It in that western section, with varying successes for 
several 3 ears, he returned to Mississippi and settled in Panola county, 
where he died a few years ago. Dr. J. W. Holman began his career 
at Middleton and ended it a few years ago at Winona, within two 
miles of his first location. He was very frail physically, but had a fine 
mind, well stored with useful information, and by his culture and suav- 
ity of manner, made many friends. Dr. Allen W. Gary was born and 
reared and educated at Middleton and spent his life in the old neigh- 
borhood. Dr. H. B. Atkins came to Middleton a few years before the 
war from Choctaw county and continued in the practice until he en- 
listed in the Confederate army in 1861. When the call to arms was 
made in the South Dr. B. F. Ward had just fairly begun the practice 
of medicine at Middleton. He shouldered his musket and marched to 
the front with the first company from the county. As a soldier he was 
brave, earnest, and faithful; as a surgeon, skillful, attentive, sober, and 
sympathetic. His presence and his services were there, as now, a 
benediction, indeed. He still lives to bless his people, to honor his 
State, to dignify and adorn his profession, and to serve wherever duty 
may call him." 

Middleton was well known for its educational advantages. 
The first school was taught by Miss Murtah. This school 
grew to be a female college. A large brick house was built 
and afterwards Dr. White assumed control of the institution. 
There are many noble women now living who can testify to the 
excellence of this extinct female college. While this institu- 
tion was thus flourishing, the Baptists of the State decided to 
locate a male college at Middleton. A commodious brick 
building was erected and the male institution opened under 
propitious circumstances. A. S. Bailey was president and was 
assisted by Professors Morley and Pratt. Following these 
gentlemen were Professors Brown and MacWilliams. Prof. 
MacWilliams was highly esteemed throughout the whole sec- 
tion, and when Montgomery county had been in existence 
some time the people elected him as County Superintendent of 
Education. 

Notwithstanding the fact that two colleges had been located at 
Middleton when a commission was appointed in 1841 to locate 
the State University, that town in common with several other 
places entered the contest for the location of the institution. 
We are informed by a gentleman who was a citizen of the 
place at the time, that the commission expressed publicly an 
intention of selecting it as the seat of the University, but the 
two schools at Middleton fought the project so bitterly that the 
commission thought it best to locate the University at its pres- 
ent site. 



326 Mississippi Historical Society 

There were three churches at Middleton, — Pr )yterian, Bap- 
tist and Methodist. Rev. A. Newton and Rev. Holly 

were pastors of the Presbyterian church. Such men as Mor- 
ris, Latimer, Echols, and later Henry Pittman, held the pas- 
torate of the Baptist church. Rev. James Waldon, presiding 
Elder of the Methodist church, resided at Middleton. Of the 
preachers of that day many interesting incidents are related. 
Nathan and Joseph Morris were prominent in the Baptist 
church. We are told that there was no missionary branch of 
the Baptist church in this section at an early date, all members 
of the Baptist faith were "Hardshells," or Primitives. When 
the division of the church came these brothers divided also, 
Nathan clinging to the "Hardshell" wing, and Joseph organ- 
izing the "Missionaries." He was followed by Stovall, who was 
familiarly known as "old ship of Zion," because of his great 
partiality for that grand old hymn. 

A Mr. Brown was the first Campbellite or Christian preacher 
in this part of the State, though his denomination had no place 
of worship in Middleton. He was succeeded by John H. 
Manire and B. F. Manire. 

In these early days there was a debate between Latimer, of 
the Baptist church, and Newton, of the Presbyterian church. 
All classes of the people became very much excited over this 
controversy, and both churches received such a backset that 
they did not recover from it for many years. 

Middleton was often visited by the political leaders of the 
State. Prentiss and Foote met each other there in political 
debate. Col. McClung, the great duelist, often went there. An 
interesting story is told of McClung and Nelson. They were 
once sleeping together in the hotel at Middleton, and were 
awakened by a terrifying noise as of something falling down 
the chimney. McClung sprang out of bed, grabbed his pistols 
and leveled them on Nelson, because he suspected that Nelson 
was party to some scheme to frighten him. Nelson was down 
on his knees begging for his life, when the proprietor of the 
hotel came to the rescue by explaining that an old drake was 
in the habit of roosting on top of the chimney, and that he 
would sometimes lose his balance during his slumbers and 
come tumbling down the chimney. Of course, McClung, ac- 
cepting this explanation, had mercy on his bed-fellow. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 3 2 7 

W : Illinois Central railroad was constructed, it left 

MidJ.ccon : country about two miles. The town was 

gradually moved, until nothing was left to tell the traveler 
where it once flourished. Alexander Ray was the last mer- 
chant to move his business to Winona. W. W. Wadlington, C. 
C. Pace, and Walter Gould still live near the old site of the 
town. There is an Episcopal chapel there now. The blast of 
the locomotive's whistle was the death-knell of Middleton. 

Chickasaw County. 

Prairie Mount. 18 — The town of Prairie Mount was situated 
on the edge of the prairie in the northeastern part of Chicka- 
saw county. It was on the public road leading from Okolona 
to Pontotoc, and about five miles north of the former place. 
Prairie Mount was founded by Littleburry Gilliam, an enter- 
prising farmer, who removed from Franklin county, Ala., and 
settled there about 1836. He became one of the members of 
the first board of police of Chickasaw county and aided in its 
organization. The little village was named by him in 1836. 
His residence was opened to the public as a wayside inn for the 
accommodation of travelers seeking land investments from all 
that part of the Tombigbee river country south of Pontotoc. 
There was soon established two small dry goods stores, a grog 
shop, a blacksmith shop, and a wagon repair shop, but the place 
was not incorporated until 1852. About the time of the per- 
manent location of the survey of the Mobile and Ohio railroad, 
the beginning of the present town of Okolona was made by the 
erection of one or two farm residences and a saloon. It soon 
"began to grow into a trade center for that part of the county 
which had hitherto contributed to the growth of Prairie Mount. 
At the close of the War between the States Prairie Mount be- 
came extinct. The site of this once prosperous town is now 
part of a farm. 

Pikesville. — The village of Pikesville was once the center of 
trade of what is now known as the Egypt Prairie. It was situ- 
ated on the east bank of Chickataunckcha river and at the east 
end of the old turnpike, still kept up on the main road leading 

18 The sketches of the extinct towns of Chickasaw county are based 
upon information which was kindly furnished the writer by Wm. S. 
Bates, Esq., of Houston, Miss. 



3 28 Mississippi Historical Society. 

from Houston to Aberdeen. It was settled about 1842, and 
was the only town south of Prairie Mount in the eastern part 
of Chickasaw county. Its situation on the adjacent sandy land 
belts between the Egypt and Buena Vista skirts of prairie tend- 
ed to make it the resort of business adventurers and pleasure 
seekers, as well as the trade center of the pioneer wealthy set- 
tlers around Aberdeen, consequently it at once became a vil- 
lage of culture, progress, and refinement. The Pikesville tan- 
nery and shoe factory was established by R. G. Steel, a thrifty 
and enterprising Alabamian. Soon afterwards several mercan- 
tile firms began business there. To these were added a quart 
liquor saloon with a sign "Cakes and Beer for Sale." Thus the 
town grew and was without a rival until about 1857, when its 
trade began to drift to Buena Vista on the Houston and Aber- 
deen road, and to Egypt Station, on the Mobile and Ohio rail- 
road. The site of this old place is now a cultivated field. Its 
name is still perpetuated, however, by a post office which is one 
mile east of the old town. 

Choctaw County. 

Bankston. 19 — In 1847 Bankston, situated on McCurtain's 
creek several miles southeast of Winona, was founded and 
named in honor of a gentleman by the name of Banks. A 
manufactory of cotton and woolen goods was established there 
under the management of Col. J. M. Wesson, with John D. 
Nance as president. This factory flourished until 1864, when it 
was burned by a Federal cavalry force. In the following year 
Col. Wesson established the Mississippi Mills in Copiah county, 
at a place which was named in his honor. After the war an- 
other factory was built at Bankston, but it was also burned, 
"supposed by an incendiary." At present Bankston is only a 
post office. 

La Grange. 20 — When Montgomery county was formed out of 
a part of Choctaw (1871) it became necessary to move the seat 
of justice of the latter county from old Greensboro to a more 
central location. The removal was further facilitated by the 

19 See Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, 
Vol. I., p. 239. 

20 The information upon which this sketch is based was derived from 
an article which was published about twelve years ago from the pen 
of Mrs. Lee Dobbs, now deceased. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 329 

destruction of the old court house by fire. La Grange was 
accordingly 1 tn county seat, the new court house being 
built in 51872 The land on which the town was built belonged 
to G. W. Gunter and J. K. Douglass. It was situated about 
two miles south of Big Black river, in the northern part of the 
present county of Choctaw. 

In February, 1874, the court house at La Grange was burned 
by persons, it was thought, who wished to have the county 
divided in order to create a Republican county out of part of it. 
The Legislature of the State, which at that time contained a 
Republican majority, divided Choctaw county, forming Sum- 
ner (now Webster) county out of that part of it north of the 
Big Black. The seat of justice of Choctaw county was then 
(1874) moved to Chester, and La Grange was soon abandoned. 

Among the lawyers who lived at La Grange during its pros- 
perous days were Capt. J. B. Dunn, A. H. Brantly, S. R. Boyd, 
Capt. B. T. Holloway, D. B. Archer, and J. A. Pinson. Its 
leading physicians were Drs. A. R. Boyd and J. W. Robinson. 
Its leading business firms were Seward, Boyd & Company, No- 
len & Bridges, J. M. Petty, G. A. Gunter, and Allen Philly. A 
post office is all that is left of this once thriving and prosperous 
town. 

Greensboro. — The acts of the Legislature which refer to the 
charter of this extinct town bear the following dates: 1837, 
1838, 1 841, 1846, and ii 



Claiborne County. 

Grand Gulf. 21 — The town of Grand Gulf received its name 
from the great whirpool, or gulf, formed by the striking of the 
current of the river against a great rock. Flat-boats were 
often caught in this gulf and held for a day or two, unless 
pulled out by steamboats. The course of the river finally 
changed to the westward and left Grand Gulf to die. 

The Grand Gulf Advertiser was a weekly paper, published at 
this place in the 30's. A file of this paper for the years 1835 
to 1839 is in the Library of the University of Mississippi. 

As late as 1858 or '9 Grand Gulf was a town of 1,000 or 1,500 
inhabitants. It was for years an important business place, 

21 The following sketch is based upon information received from the 
late Judge H. F. Simrall. 



33° Mississippi Historical Soeiety 

being the shipping point for Port Gibson, which was ten or 
twelve miles to the southeast. In order to facilitate communi- 
cation between these two towns the Port Gibson and Grand 
Gulf railroad was built at an early date. The wharf at Grand 
Gulf was crowded with cotton from Copiah, Hinds, and Clai- 
borne counties. This place was incorporated by the Legisla- 
ture in February, 1833. Other acts, referring especially to the 
charter of this town, bear the dates, December, 1833 and 1848. 

Brandywine. 22 — The village of Brandywine was situated in 
Claiborne county about twenty miles southeast of Port Gibson. 
From 1830 to 1838 this place contained five business houses 
and saloons and a hotel with thirty-two rooms for guests who 
visited the springs for their health. The proprietor of the hotel 
was called "General Nichols." Early in the 3o's this place was 
a very popular health resort for people from different parts of 
Mississippi and Louisiana. Among the large number of citi- 
zens living near this place were the Bridges, who removed 
there from North Carolina in 1828. 

The popularity of Brandywine springs as a health resort be- 
gan to wane early in the 4o's, and this sealed the fate of the 
village. The present Brandywine consists of a church, a store, 
and post office, and a few other buildings. 

Buckland. 23 — The town of Buckland was situated in the 
southwestern part of Claiborne county. By 1836 this place had 
almost disappeared, only three or four houses being left to 
mark its former site. Certain topographical changes having 
rendered it difficult of access, its business was transferred to 
the south side of the bayou which extends along the southern 
boundary of Claiborne county, where the town of Rodney 
sprang up. 

Clay County. 

Palo Alto. 24 — The village of Palo Alto was situated within 
the original limits of Chickasaw county. It was a place of 

22 The information upon which the following sketch is based was de- 
rived from Mr. J. D. Bridges, of Brandywine, Miss. 

23 This sketch is based upon information derived from Dr. William 
G. Williams, of West Side, Claiborne county, Miss. In writing of this 
place Dr. Williams says that "ten or twelve years ago I could have 
found several persons who could have given you all the information 
desired, but they have all passed beyond." 

24 This sketch is based upon information obtained from William S. 
Bates, Esq., of Houston, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 331 

some note at the close of the War between the States. When 
Clay county was organized in 1871, Palo Alto fell within its 
bounds and was absorbed by the more enterprising town of 
Abbott. 

Coahoma County. 
Port Royal. 25 — At one time Port Royal was the county seat 
of Coahoma county. Its rival was Friars Point, about five 
miles up the Mississippi river. In those days the county seats 
of the Mississippi river counties were on the bank of that 
stream. For some time before 1848 Friars Point was anxious 
for the removal of the court house. In that year the "cut off" 
known as the horseshoe "cut off" took place, and the river, 
forsaking its old channel, cut through a narrow neck and left 
Port Royal on the bank of the old river, which soon filled up 
at both ends, forming a lake now known as Old River lake. 
This "cut off" decided the fate of Port Royal. Friars Point 
being still a river town was made the county seat, and Port 
Royal began to decay. 

At that time Col. W. I. Oldham and Mr. David Gilehoist 
were large planters living just below Port Royal about four 
miles. The "cut off" ruined these fine plantations to such an 
extent that they were abandoned and are now grown up with 
cottonwood trees and look like the virgin forest. 

The town of Port Royal was merely a landing place for 
steamboats, with a few small trading stores and cabins. At 
present it shows no visible sign of its former greatness — being 
simply a "cotton patch." It lies at the head of Oak Ridge and 
near the headwaters of the Sunflower river. The site is now 
owned by William H. Stovall & Son. There are no persons 
living to-day in that vicinity who knew the old town. Mr. John 
Clark, founder of the flourishing city of Clarksdale, landed at 
old Port Royal when he first came to the county to settle on 
the bank of Sunflower river, ten miles inland. 

Copiah County. 
Coar's Springs. 26 — This village was located about five miles 
east of the present town of Hazlehurst. When Copiah county 

25 This sketch is based upon information which was kindly contributed 
by Mr. William H. Stovall. 

28 Brief mention of the extinct towns of Copiah County will be 
found in Goodspeed's Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. I., p. 209. Dr. 
T. P. Lockwood of Crystal Springs, Miss., has given the writer much 
information on the history of these places. 



33 2 Mississippi Historical Soc: ty. 

was organized (January 23, 1823), Coar's Springs ber^une its 
temporary seat of justice. Here the first probate and orphans' 
court was held, with Barnabas Allen as judge. When Simpson 
county was formed out of Copiah in 1824, the seat of justice 
was removed from Coar's Springs to Gallatin, a few miles west 
of Hazlehurst. 

At the time of its greatest prosperity Coar's Springs had 
three or four stores and a commodious hotel. During the 30's 
it was a very popular watering place and health resort, many of 
its guests coming from Vicksburg, New Orleans, Mobile, and 
other places. Before the present Illinois Central railroad was 
built Coar's Springs was a center of trade of the surrounding 
country for several miles. Among its most prominent families 
were the Coars, the Welches, and the Howells. 

Gallatin. — This historic old town was situated about five 
miles west of Hazlehurst. It was named in honor of Albert 
Gallatin, Secretary of the Treasury under Madison. In 1824 
it became the seat of justice of Copiah county. 

Among the early circuit clerks who resided at Gallatin were 
"Uncle Billy" Cook and his brother, Morris Cook, and E. R. 
Brower, all of whom were efficient officers and honorable citi- 
zens. The early sheriffs of the county were John Coar, in 
whose home Franklin E. Plummer lived when he first settled 
in Mississippi, the noted Tom Holliday, who held the office for 
seventeen years, and John C. Wade and William Haley. Doc- 
tors Adams and Bush, physicians of prominence, and Dr. Gan- 
der, a dentist, were also citizens of Gallatin. Probably the 
most prominent citizen this town ever had was Albert Gallatin 
Brown, whose brilliant and uniformly successful political career 
is given in the histories of the State. 27 "It is said that he was 
never defeated before the people for any office for which he 
was a candidate." At an early date Judge E. G. Peyton re- 
moved from Grand Gulf, where he had been engaged in the 
mercantile business, to Gallatin, and began the practice of law. 
He was an old line Whig and opposed secession and the War 
between the States. At the conclusion of this struggle he be- 
came a conservative Republican and was finally made Chief 

27 See Riley's School History of Mississippi, pp. 192, 198-200, 245-246, 
259; Lowrey and McCardle's School History of Mississippi, p. 145; Du- 
val's History of Mississippi, pp. 119, 123. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 333 

Justice of the Supreme Court of Mississippi. Among the cele- 
brated lawyers who practiced at the Gallatin bar were L. B. 
Harris and Merry Harris, the latter of whom became Colonel 
of the 12th Mississippi Regiment of Infantry, and fell at the 
head of his command in Virginia. Judge H. B. Mayes, brother 
of the distinguished author and attorney, the Hon. Edward 
Mayes, of Jackson, Miss., was an able lawyer, and served a 
long time as judge of the Probate Court. Judge "Jack" Mill- 
saps lived at Gallatin and was for many years also judge of the 
Probate Court. Thomas A. Willis, who became circuit judge 
of his district, was also a resident of Gallatin in its early days. 
He was an able man — "chivalric, dashing, and always ready to 
take part in a fight." Col. Ben King was regarded as one of 
the ablest advocates at the Gallatin bar. Dr. T. P. Lockwood 
gives the following brief sketch of the life and character of this 
remarkable man: 

"His mother was a widow and kept hotel at old Gallatin, where he 
was raised up. I think his education was ordinary, but he was a man 
of fine common sense, an astute lawyer, an excellent judge of human 
nature, shrewd, resourceful, and bold. Few attorneys could cope with 
him before a Copiah County jury; for it was said he knew every man 
in the county and every man in the county trusted Ben King. He 
was possessed with remarkable gifts as a pleader before a jury. He 
studied their character, their temperament, their prejudices, and won 
their confidence and attention by whispering to them, cajoling them, 
petting and praising them, or with stentorian voice he would storm at 
them, brow-beat them, and bulldoze them into a favorable verdict. 

He owned some property in Gallatin, and when it became 
certainly known that the Illinois Central railroad would be con- 
structed and that it would probably miss that place, he induced 
the people of Copiah county to erect an expensive court house 
there, in order to prevent the removal of the seat of justice 
for a number of years. This accounts for the fact that the 
thriving town of Hazlehurst had to wait until 1872 before be- 
coming the county seat of Copiah county. He was often in the 
Legislature, and was always considered a fine debator and a 
strong man in any position. After the war he withdrew from 
the Democratic party and ran for Governor on the Greenback 
ticket in 1881, being defeated by Gen. Robert Lowry, the nomi- 
nee of the Democratic party. 

Gallatin had two hotels, one kept by Mrs. North and the other 
by Mrs. King. At one time it had two banks, a high school for 
boys, and an academy for young ladies. There is in the Li- 



334 Mississippi Historical Society. 

brary of the University of Mississippi a bound volume of the 
Southern Star (i838-'4o), which was published at Gallatin. The 
Gallatin Argus, another newspaper published at this place, was 
once (1858), owned and edited by the late Col. J. L. Power. It 
was later merged into The Copiahan, edited by Col. Vance, and 
was moved to Hazlehurst about 1859. 

Gallatin also had that indispensable appendage to a border 
town, the grog shop. We are told that it also had "dens and 
dives and card tables and race tracks, and enjoyed the reputa- 
tion of having a man killed once every week for pastime." Clai- 
borne gives an account of an interesting event which happened 
at Gallatin and which exerted a great influence upon the politi- 
cal history of the State. In the political campaign of 1835 
Franklin E. Plummer, a bitter personal enemy of Hiram G. 
Runnells, who was a candidate for re-election to the office of 
Governor, followed him over the State and "goaded him with 
imitating speeches and newspaper squibs." Claiborne says : 

"They met at Gallatin on the day of the election^ Runnells was 
like a mad bull, tearing up the earth, and indulging in most profane 
language, and was so carried away by passion that he broke down in 
his speech and lost the vote of that large county on which his re- 
election depended. Mr. Plummer stood in the street perfectly calm 
made a speech that pleased all parties, _ and though the county was 
largely Democratic, and gave a large majority to all the other Demo- 
cratic candidates, he carried it for his friend, Judge Lynch, the oppo- 
nent of Runnells." 28 

For years before the removal of the county seat to the Illi- 
nois Central railroad Gallatin "grew small by degrees and 
beautifully less." When the courthouse was finally located at 
Hazlehurst, all hope for the life of old Gallatin was changed to 
despair. The old residence of Maj. E. G. Peyton still stands by 
the roadside, a little school house and a little store are also 
standing on the old town site, but in the words of Dr. Lock- 
wood, "the plow-share has obliterated the streets and weeds 
have choked the sidewalks where once tripped the merry feet 
of the young and fair, a cultivated farm has swallowed up its 
very site and Gallatin with its ancient fame and glory has de- 
parted forever." 

Georgetown. 29 — The village of Georgetown derived its name 

28 Claiborne's Mississippi as a Province, Territory, and State, p. 426. 

29 The information upon which this sketch is based was derived from 
Mr. J. W. Slay, of Georgetown, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 335 

from a gentleman by the name of George, who came from 
South Carolina and settled there early in the eighteenth century. 
About 1806 he constructed and operated the first ferry boat 
that was run on Pearl river between Jackson and Monticello. 
At that time Georgetown was noted for horse racing, gambling 
and target practice with rifles. Mr. George was killed at 
Georgetown about the year 1836. At the time of its greatest 
prosperity this place contained from three to five hundred in- 
habitants and had five dry goods stores, one saloon, a black- 
smith shop, and one drug store. It also had two physicians. 
The most prominent families living there at that time were: 
the Catchings, the Aliens, the Harpers, the Brileys, the Chand- 
lers and the Brints. 

When Grierson made a raid through Mississippi (1863) he 
burned this town. Since that time it has been in a very dilapidat- 
ed condition. The place has at present two stores, two gins, a 
post office, a drug store, and a blacksmith shop. The old time 
ferry boat at this place has been discarded, the river being 
spanned by a new iron bridge. 

Grenada County. 

Troy. 30 — The village of Troy was situated on the north side 
of the Yalobusha river, a few miles below Grenada. At the 
time of its greatest prosperity it had a population of one hundred 
or one hundred and fifty people. The surrounding country was 
settled by a large population of wealthy and intelligent planters, 
among whom were the Leighs, Powells, Talberts, Bakers, Min- 
ters and Townes. The principal mercantile firm of this place 
was Chislom and Minter. It was at Troy that Robert Mullen, 
who was afterwards one of the leading merchants of Grenada, 
began his career as a tailor and a merchant on a small scale. 
In the course of time the trade and population of this place were 
absorbed by the present town of Grenada, which was formed 
by the union of old Pittsburg and Tulahoma in 1836. 31 About 
two years later Dr. T. D. Isom passed through the site of old 

The sketches of the extinct towns of Grenada county are based 
lpon information derived from Capt. L. Lake and Dr. T. D. Isom, of 
•xford, Miss. 

See article on "Grenada and Neighboring Towns in the 3o's," by 
"apt. L. Lake, in the Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, 
r ol. III., pp. 314-316. 



336 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Troy and found it a "deserted village" with only a few unoccu- 
pied houses still standing. 

Chocchuma. — The town of Chocchuma was established about 
1834. It was situated on the south side of the Yalobusha river 
about seventeen miles west of Grenada and only a few miles 
south of old Tuscahoma. Its chief importance came from the 
fact that the United States land office for the northwestern dis- 
trict of Mississippi was located there. The land sales attracted 
a large number of people to that place for several years, but in 
1842 the land office was moved to Grenada, and Chocchuma ex- 
isted for only a short time afterwards. 

The public road leading from Charleston to Carrollton crosses 
the Yalobusha river at this place. Chocchuma was at one time 
an important shipping point for the surrounding country. 
James A. Girault was once receiver of public moneys at Choc- 
chuma. George Connelly engaged in the mercantile business 
at that place during its prosperous days. 

Hinds County. 

Hamburg. 33 — About 1826 the town of Hamburg in Hinds 
county was laid out. It was situated on the Big Black river, 
two miles north of the point where the present Alabama and 
Vicksburg railroad crosses that stream. The site proved too 
marshy, and the town was abandoned two years later. Mr. R. 
H. Smith, of Edwards, Miss., writes that he remembers seeing 
a steamboat moored at the Hamburg landing in 183 1, and that 
as the boat was coming up the river, some one cried out that 
the "Big Black" was running up stream, and so it was, but it 
was the boat and not the river. 

Amsterdam. — Another town was laid out on the bluffs about 
two miles above Hamburg and named Amsterdam. This be- 
came a good sized village ; steam and keel boats visited it every 
year during high water. They even went as high as Antibank, 
one hundred miles above, by water, which landing was a few 
miles west of Flora in Madison county. An extensive wagon 
trade was carried on between Amsterdam and a large section 
of county to the east of that place. In December, 1833, the 
town was incorporated by the Legislature. Another act relat- 

33 Information with reference to Hamburg and Amsterdam was ob- 
tained from Mr. R. H. Smith, of Edwards, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 337 

ing to its charter was passed in May, 1837. In 1832 or 1833 
about one-half of the populaton of Amsterdam was destroyed 
by the cholera. It never recovered from this epidemic. A few 
years later it received its death blow, when the present Alabama 
and Vicksburg railroad was constructed from Vicksburg to 
Jackson. This railroad missed Amsterdam and established the 
town of Edwards, two miles away. In a short time Amsterdam 
was numbered among the extinct towns of Mississippi. 

In the days of its prosperity Amsterdam was made a port of 
entry, by an act of Congress, which act has probably never been 
repealed. In May, 1841, a banquet was given at Clinton, then 
as now, noted as an educational center, when a toast to Hinds 
county was called for and William L. Sharkey, afterwards Chief 
Justice, responded, as follows: "To Hinds County, an Empire 
in itself, holding Jackson, the seat of government, Raymond, 
the seat of justice, Clinton, the seat of science, and last though 
not least, Amsterdam, the port of entry." 

Antibank. 34 — The old town of Antibank was first settled in 
1836 by T. L. Sumrall, who came from Clinton, Hinds county, to 
Antibank, having been an employee in the Land Office there 
before its removal to Jackson. Mr. Sumrall built a store house 
on the high bank of Big Black opposite to the ferry of T. A. 
Holloman of Yazoo county, and the Dickson Bros, (for whom 
Mr. Sumrall was guardian), began a mercantile business, and 
kept a warehouse for cotton, which was shipped by keelboats 
down Big Black to Grand Gulf on the Mississippi river. 

An unfortunate occurrence destroyed their business venture. 
The older Dickson and one of his clerks, Laurence Sley, were 
wrestling on the gallery of Mr. Sumrall, when Sley threw Dick- 
son and broke his neck. 

The many farmers around received their supplies at this land- 
ing. Many of their descendants — the Trotters, Sleys, Reynolds, 
Gaords, Bush and Birdsongs— still live in this community. 

The Vicksburg and Jackson railroad (now the A. & V.) was 
finished to the Big Black, and then to Bolton a few years later, 
when the shipping of cotton and supplies from Antibank ceased 
and the place became part of a cotton farm. The buildings were 

34 The writer is indebted to the Hon. Clay Sharkey, of Jackson, Miss., 
for the sketch of Antibank. 



33 8 Mississippi Historical Society. 

removed to the lower end of this large tract of land by Mr. 
Sumrall's son-in-law, Mr. Stratton, and became a farm house 
on one of the finest plantations of Big Black. The site of Anti- 
bank is now owned by James and George Ashford, and still 
produces fine cotton and corn. 

Auburn. 35 — The history of Auburn, Hinds county, must be 
brief. Of itself it has but little history. It was a country post- 
office kept at a country store, sometimes at one place and then 
at another. Its name tradition says came in this way: Within 
six miles of where the first Auburn was located, there were in 
the pioneer days, two other country stores which were about 
seven miles apart. They were made postoffices at an early 
date, perhaps in the 30's; and at one of these points a gentle- 
man, then a young man fresh from New York State, near where 
Utica, Cayuga and Auburn are, had come and settled. He 
suggested that these three places be named Utica, Cayuga and 
Auburn, after the towns he knew in New York, and this was 
done. 

Auburn has its interest in history from the people who sur- 
rounded it. It was in the early days of the country down to 
1861 one of the most populous, wealthy and refined neighbor- 
hoods in the State. The first postoffice named Auburn was 
located on the old Natchez and Nashville road. The first store 
built in the neighborhood at which the Auburn postoffice was 
kept, was built and kept by a man named Kinchen A. Martin, 
in 1835 on the northeast quarter of the northwest quarter of 
section 17, Township 4, Range 4, West. It was built of hewn 
logs. In 1838 the place was bought by M. J. Standard. J. J. 
Lewis afterwards kept the store and postoffice. In 1849 J. P. 
Daniels bought a piece of land and erected a store one-half a 
mile east of this place. He kept the postoffice there for sev- 
eral years. The same year, Wm. Montgomery built a store 
three miles northeast of the one just mentioned, in section 2, 
Township 4, Range 4, West, and had for his clerk the same J. 
J. Lewis before spoken of. A year or two later the postoffice 
was moved to this store, and there kept until the Confederate 
war laid the whole country waste. After the Confederate war 

35 This sketch was kindly contributed by the Hon. W. Calvin Wells, 
of Jackson, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 339 

closed, it was kept as a postoffice for a few years and then 
abandoned. 

At the last Auburn there was a Baptist church called Har- 
mony, and over it a Masonic lodge room. In 1881 the Natchez, 
Jackson & Columbus R. R. was built to the east of Auburn a 
few miles. The town of Learned was established near by on 
this railroad, and the store-house, church and Masonic lodge 
were all taken down and moved to it. 

The hospitality of the people was unstinted. Statesmen met 
there and debated the great political questions of the day, and 
magnificent dinners were given on the grounds on the 24th of 
June and 4th of July; and the people vied with each other in 
the display of their equipages and wearing apparel. On an or- 
dinary Sabbath at one of these churches, one could see car- 
riages and horses worth thousands of dollars each, and they 
were there by the dozens, not to speak of those by the hundreds 
of lesser value. 

Of those who were reared in wealth and affluence, the writer 
knew one who since then died in the county poor house. An- 
other whose father died in his childhood, who, with his mother's 
family, was cared for by the good people of the neighborhood, 
is now the richest man in the county. The war and its sub- 
sequent events have marred the beauty and prosperity of the 
whole neighborhood. The large number of negroes was and 
is yet an incubus on the community, and where wealth and pros- 
perity were once so conspicuous, poverty is now the lot of 
many of its citizens. 

Holmes County. 

Rankin. 36 — The town of old Rankin was situated on the 
Tchula and Yazoo City road, about five miles from Tchula. 
When Holmes county was formed out of a part of Yazoo the 
flourishing town of Rankin was prominently spoken of as the 
best location for the seat of justice of the new county. But 
Lexington was chosen instead, and Rankin has long since been 
extinct. Its history has been almost entirely forgotten. There 
is nothing there now but an old field, owned by a negro, Claibe 
Davenport. 

36 The sketches of the extinct towns of Holmes county are based upon 
information derived from Hon. E. F. Noel, of Kosciusko, Miss., and 
Robert Bowman, Esq., of Yazoo City, Miss. 



34° Mississippi Historical Society. 

Old Capt. Parrisot, father of Capt. S. H. Parrisot, and father- 
in-law of Mr. F. Barksdale, of Yazoo City, settled in that vicin- 
ity in 1828. Soon afterwards he removed to Old Rankin, 
where he kept a hotel until 1834. He had but one eye, one 
arm, and one leg, his other members having been lost in the 
French service. Hon. E. F. Noel in writing of Capt. Parrisot's 
hotel says: 

"An old New Orleans gentleman, whom I met at Lookout Moun- 
tain this summer told me he spent a night at this hotel when a lad, 
and that Gov. Runnells and his Attorney-General were there the same 
night, gambling in the office ***** . an( j ^^ j n t ^ e pi ace 
of a watch dog, Capt. Parrisot had a crane which would walk around 
and protect certain parts of the premises by pecking any one who in- 
truded." 

Tradition says that Mr. Etho Beall, a justice of the peace, 
held at old Rankin, under the protection of a shot-gun, the 
first court of the territory composing Holmes county. 

Montgomery. — The town of Montgomery was situated on the 
west bank of Big Black river at Pickens ferry. It was incor- 
porated by the Legislature in 1836. Another act relating to the 
charter of Montgomery was passed in May, 1837. 

Vernon. — About twelve miles north of Lexington was once 
a thriving business place called Vernon. Before the War be- 
tween the States the country surrounding this town was set- 
tled by wealthy planters, but when the slaves were freed the 
men who gave life to the town were greatly impoverished. This 
brought decay to the place. In writing of the effects of the 
war, Mr. Bowman says: 

"For many miles in every direction there were many thousands of 
acres of land lying waste, overgrown with grass and weeds, which be- 
fore the war were productive fields of cotton and corn. Many fine 
two story residences were topling down and going to decay. Some 
were tenanted by thriftless negroes, who had the apology of a few acres 
of badly tilled land for a crop. The building of the Yazoo and Missis- 
sippi Valley railroad has resuscitated this section, but trade has found 
new centers." 

Georgeville. — The town of Georgeville was situated in the 
northwest quarter of S. 35, T. 14, R. 3, East. A negro cabin 
with badly washed land is all that is left of this place. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 341 

Itawamba County. 

Van Buren. 37 — The village of Van Buren was situated on a 
high bluff on the Tombigbee river. Its history begins with the 
year 1838, when Mr. Winfield Walker, a nephew of Gen. Win- 
field Scott, began a mercantile business at this place. The year 
following W. C. Thomas and Brother also began business there. 
The latter firm having removed from that place in 1842, Mr. 
Dines, from New York, engaged in business there two years 
later. Shortly afterwards other mercantile enterprises were es- 
tablished at Van Buren. These were owned by Jno. W. Lind- 

sey, J. C. Ritchie, H. W. Bates, Elijah B. Harber, Weaks, 

and E. Moore. The place reached its greatest prosperity about 
the year 1845 or '6. Dr. Bourland says, in writing of its inhabi- 
tants, "after that time, say '57 or '58, they went east and left it 
without a store or a business of any kind." Mr. R. F. Shannon 
sold goods there for several years (1857-1870) and then moved 
to Cardsville. This was the last business enterprise that flour- 
ished at old Van Buren. The Mobile and Ohio railroad caused 
the place to decay. Dr. Bourland writes that Jno. W. Lindsey 
began business at this place "with one hunded dollars and left 
there with thirty thousand." The site of old Van Buren is now 
in cultivation. 

Wheeling. — The town of Wheeling was situated on the Tom- 
bigbee river, three miles below Van Buren. It was laid off into 
lots soon after the Chickasaw land sales. Jefferson Foster built 
a hotel there. The place had only two business houses, which 
belonged to Jowers and Holcomb and to R. P. Snow. The vil- 
lage disappeared in two or three years, its business being ab- 
sorbed by the rising town of Van Buren, only three miles up 
the river. 

West Fulton and Ironwood Bluff. — The following extract, 
from a letter written by Mr. Eli Phillips, of Fulton, Miss., con- 
tains all the information the writer could get with reference to 
old West Fulton and Ironwood Bluff : 

"Old West Fulton was on the west side of the Tombigbee river, two 
and one-fourth miles from Fulton, the county site, and Ironwood Bluff 
was about ten miles south of West Fulton and on the same river and 
same side. The places both went down about the close of the War be- 

3T The sketches of the extinct towns of Itawamba county are based 
upon information received from Dr. E. C. Bourland and Mr. R. F. 
Shannon, of Cardsville. Miss. 



342 Mississippi Historical Society. 

tween the States. They were neither of them places of much note and 
both just died out. Col. D. N. Cayce once did a mercantile business 
at West Fulton and I clerked for him there. I am now seventy-six 
years old and cannot remember the events in the history of these 
places." 

Jackson County. 

Biloxi. — In 1699 a body of Frenchmen under d'Iberville es- 
tablished the town of old Biloxi. It was situated across the 
bay from the place of the same name. There are at least two 
places claimed as the site of old Fort Maurepas. One is a kind 
of picnic ground considerably to the north and on the eastern 
stretch of what is called the Back Bay. The other is on a little 
bluff not far north of the Louisville and Nashville railroad 
bridge, within the grounds occupied by a Mr. Portevant, who 
lives about half a mile from Mississippi City. 38 He owns a 
number of relics which have been dug up or found otherwise 
on his place, among them the iron shoe of a flag staff. This 
place looks out upon the entrance to the bay and is an ideal 
site for a fort. The claim of this latter place as the place where 
the first French settlement was made in Mississippi is further 
substantiated by a map drawn by F. Joussette and preserved in 
the Archives of the Maune at Paris. 39 This shows the place 
to be just about where Mr. Portevant lives. An earth work 
is indicated on the map further south, but this was not the main 
fort, which so far as the writer knows has not been identified. 
Mr. Portevant's home is a pleasant suburban place with flowers, 
vines, trees, and spacious grounds. 

La Harpe tells of the establishment of old Biloxi in the fol- 
lowing words : 

"He (d'Iberville) concluded to fix his settlement at Biloxi. Here 
he built a fort with four bastions, which he mounted with twelve can- 
nons, and gave the command of it to his brothers, Souvolle and Bien- 

38 This seems to correspond with the view of Bancroft {History of the 
United States, III., p. 201), Martin (History of Louisiana, I., p. I45)> and 
Gayerre (History of Louisiana, I., p. 45) though Stoddard (Sketches of 
Louisiana, pp. 24, 26, 42, 136, 137) thinks" that it was on the Perdido 
Bay, "twelve miles west of Pensacola river or bay." Charlevoix (His- 
tory of New France, V., p. 123) says that it was "three leagues from 
the Pascagoulas," and Dumont (Historical Memoirs of Louisiana, ch. 
VII., p. 3) says that it was across the water "a good league" from 
New Biloxi. 

39 A copy of this map will be found in Colonial Mobile, pp. 32-33- The 
writer of this sketch is indebted to Peter J. Hamilton, Esq., author of 
Colonial Mobile, for information on this point. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 343 

ville, and having manned it with a force of thirty-five, he set sail for 
France on the 4th of May." 

An account of the events which happened at this place from 
May 3, 1699, until 1701 will be found in French's Historical Col- 
lections of Louisiana, pp. 223-240 40 Acting under orders from the 
home government, M. d'Iberville removed from Biloxi, Jan. 5, 
1701, to Dauphin Island at the mouth of the Mobile Bay, "leav- 
ing but twenty men under the command of M. de Boisbriant, to 
man the fort" at Biloxi. In 1720 a vessel brought over "a 
troop of young women, sent by force, except one, who was 
called the Damsel of Good-Will." Dumont says "They were 
landed first on Dauphin Island, but the marrying mania had 
subsided, and there was no demand for them. As, moreover, 
the commandant had resolved to abandon the island soon, he 
put them all in boats and sent them over to Ship Island, thence 
to old Biloxi, where most of them got married. " 41 

The events which led to the abandonment of old Biloxi are 
related by Dumont as follows : 

"There was at Old Biloxi a sergeant, who, having drunk a little and 
lain down, took it into his head to light his pipe, as he did in fact with 
a stick from the fire; but as he was lying on his bed, instead of get- 
ting up to put the stick back, he threw it, unluckily, not in the middle 
of his cabin, but against the posts that surrounded it, so that the wind, 
blowing through the posts, soon fanned a blaze, which in a moment 
caught the palisades of pine, a very resinous wood, and easily inflamed. 
In an instant the fire spread to the next cabin, and from that to an- 
other, so that, though fortunately the wind was not high, the con- 
flagration soon became so violent, that to check it and prevent its 
progress, they had to throw down two cabins on each side. The ser- 
geant escaped as he was, not being able to take anything from his 
cabin; in all, eleven were burned or thrown down. The commandant 
had no thought of restoring them, as he was already disposed to trans- 
port his colony once more, and make a third establishment. 

"A new reason decided him to do so. Although great care was 
taken in France to send abundantly provisions of every kind to the 
colony, yet all their care could not prevent want being felt there. It 
was so great that the commandant was obliged to send the soldiers, 
workmen, and even officers, to the nearest Indians of the country, that 
of the Biloxis and Pascagoulas, who received them with great pleas- 
ure, and supported them quite well, not indeed with bread, but with 
good hominy and sagamity, boiled with good store of meat or bear 
oil. At the same time the commandant raised at New Biloxi a third 
establishment, which being soon after completed, he transported the 
whole colony to it, abandoning Old Biloxi, where his stay had been 
marked only by disastrous events." 

40 Journal Historique de L'Establissement des Francais a la Louisiana. By 
M. De Souvolle. 

41 Dumont's Historical Memoirs, ch. vi. 



344 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Jasper County. 

Garlandville. 42 - — Garlandville was probably the oldest town in 
Jasper county, Franklin, once county seat, was not a town, the 
courts having been held probably in a private house. Garland- 
ville was settled early in 1833, an d was the place from which the 
first Choctaw Indians emigrated. In the early 30's Mr. John 
H. Ward opened a tavern in a small house owned by John Gar- 
land, a half-breed Indian, who gave it to the landlord's wife. 
She in return named the town in honor of him. 

Very soon after the removal of the Choctaw's the town and 
county were settled very rapidly. It was a beautiful level situ- 
ation, covered by a grove of oaks and hickories, a healthful and 
desirable place. The town was soon surrounded by a wealthy 
class of planters, who made it an important business point. 
Among the early settlers were the families of Watts, Brown, 
Hodge, Williams, Dellahay, Beard, Cowan, Layerly, Hamlet, 
and Harris. 

The town reached its greatest prosperity about the year i860. 
At the outbreak of the War between the States two companies 
were raised at this place. They were Capt. Chatfield's of the 
20th Mississippi, and Capt. Lopo's of the 37th Mississippi. The 
war having ended disastrously to the large slave owners, the 
merchants moved to the railroad, and the splendid town, once 
so flourishing, now reminds one of Goldsmith's "Deserted Vil- 
lage." A small business is still done at this place, and some of 
the good people of long ago remain here, but the great pros- 
perity it once enjoyed passed away because of the disastrous 
results of the war. 

Jefferson County. 

Selsertown. 43 — In the early part of the nineteenth century 
George Selser erected an inn on the old Natchez Trace, six 
miles from Washington and just inside the limits of Jefferson 
county. This was the beginning of Selsertown. The Griffing, 

42 The information upon which this sketch is based was derived from 
Mr. A. J. Brown, of Newton, Miss., author of a History of Newton 
County. 

43 The writer acknowledges with pleasure the many valuable facts on 
the extinct towns and villages of Jefferson county, which he received 
from Mr. E. R. Jones, of Harriston, Miss., and Judge F. A. Mont- 
gomery, of Rosedale, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 345 

the Coleman, and the Jones families settled close by. The Sel- 
ser house finally passed into the hands of John McCollum. For 
many years afterwards the sign "Intertainment for Man and 
Baste/' which swung between two china trees in front of the 
stables, told the nationality of the new proprietor. The house 
and stables were burnt soon after the War between the States, 
and now the charred remains of the old china trees are the only 
relics of old Selsertown. Near the place is a large Indian 
mound, which was explored by a number of literary and scien- 
tific gentlemen from Nachez and vicinity, in May, 1838. 44 

Uniontown. — The next station above Selsertown on the Nat- 
chez Trace, was Uniontown, which was situated on the south 
side of Cole's creek. It was a place of some importance, being 
laid out into streets and extending over a large area. Here 
early in the century, Jackson Warren and Thomas Shackleford 
started a tan yard and a shoe shop. In writing of the business 
enterprises of old Uniontown the late Col. John A. Watkins, of 
New Orleans, La., says : "Farley made all the hats. We killed 
coons and took the skins to him, and in return got a hat. Jake 
Warner made shoes at Uniontown, Pintard was cabinet-maker, 
McMurchy made wagons, plows, etc., Greenleaf, about 1797, 
established a cotton-gin factory, and that, the first gin ever used 
in Mississippi, was made by a negro." 45 Only one house, "The 
Mound," belonging to Miss Pauline Chamberlain, now marks 
the site of old Uniontown. 

Greenville. — The next station, Greenville, was by far the 
largest and most important town on this road. It was half way 
between Natchez and Port Gibson, being just twenty-four miles 
from each place. During its earlier history it was known by 
different names — Pinckneyville, Orchardsville, and Huntley. 
By an act of the General Assembly, passed on February 21, 
1805, i ts name was changed to Greenville in honor of General 
Nathaniel Greene. We are told that it was a thriving town 
when the United States took possession of this territory in 
1798. Upon the creation of Pickering (now Jefferson) county, 
Greenville became its first seat of justice. This town was incor- 

44 See Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, Volume II., pp. 
203-204. 

45 Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol- 
ume I., page. 176. 



34-6 Mississippi Historical Society. 

porated in 1819. At one time it contained three hundred or 
more inhabitants, and the surrounding country was settled by 
families of wealth and refinement. Cato West, David Holmes, 
Cowles Meade, and General Thomas Hinds, all lived within two 
miles of old Greenville, and the remains of Col. Cato West and 
Gen. Hinds now rest in the soil of their respective plantations, 
close by. A little farther away, in the same neighborhood, lived 
Capt. Bullen, the Harrisons, the Harpers, the Hardens, the 
Hunts, and other historic families of Mississippi. Only a few 
miles to the southwest was the famous Maryland settlement, 
where lived the Woodes, the Donohues, the Paynes, and the 
Bakers. 

At old Greenville the troops furnished by the Mississippi Ter- 
ritory in the War of 1812, the Dragoons, commanded by Gen. 
Hinds, and the infantry troops under Col. Ely Kershaw Ross, 
were given a big barbecue and disbanded after the battle of 
New Orleans. Here Jefferson Davis lived in the family of 
Sheriff Jordan and went to school in his early life. 

It was to this place that May and Sutton, members of the 
notorious Murrill gang of robbers, brought their leader's head 
in order to get a reward that had been offered therefor. Some 
men whom May and Sutton had recently robbed and the own- 
ers of the horses which they rode into Greenville were there 
attending court when these robbers came for their reward. 
They were arrested, tried, and convicted. After their execution 
in the gallows field their heads were placed on poles, one a 
short distance to the north and the other a short distance to the 
west of Greenville, on the Natchez Trace. 

On the first day of February, 1825, the General Assembly of 
Mississippi passed an act authorizing the election of five com- 
missioners to select a permanent location for the seat of justice 
of Jefferson county. This commission was granted power to 
purchase at a price not exceeding twenty dollars an acre, or to 
receive by donation, not less than two nor more than fifty acres 
of land upon which a county site was to be laid off. The place 
chosen was to be called "Fayette," in honor of General La- 
fayette, who was at that time in the United States as the na- 
tion's guest. The commission had authority to select Green-' 
ville. The night before the election, however, a mob, which 
favored the removal of the seat of justice to a place nearer the 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 347 

center of the county, wrecked the court house, a frame struc- 
ture, built of hand-sawed poplar timber. This sealed the fate of 
Greenville and settled the question of removal in favor of the 
present town of Fayette, which is eight miles east of the first 
county seat. After the removal of the court house, Greenville 
rapidly declined. The houses decayed or were moved away to 
build new towns. The old Cable hotel was for many years the 
only building left to mark the site of this historic place. About 
five years ago this house was destroyed by fire and now only a 
blackened chimney in a cultivated field is all that is left to re- 
mind the visitor of the long-departed glory of old Greenville. 

Shankstown. — Six miles north of old Greenville was Shanks- 
town, named for a gentleman, Mr. Shanks, who had a hotel at 
this place at an early date. This town was not laid off into 
blocks, though it contained a large number of houses, a store or 
two, a cabinetmaker's shop, a blacksmith's shop, etc. The place 
is now owned and occupied by colored people. 

"Coonbox." — This insignificant rival of Shankstown was lo- 
cated about two miles southwest of that place, at a point where 
the Union church and Rodney road crossed the Trace. The 
place derived its name from the following incident : During the 
War of 1812 an embargo was placed on Jamaica rum, the favor- 
ite beverage of that day. Although its sale was made illegal, 
it was still sold in egg shells, one egg for a "flip," two for a 
"bit," at the wayside houses throughout the country. The mer- 
chant prince, who had erected at the place mentioned above a 
log cabin store with a "California built shed-room" in the rear, 
was doing a thriving business — selling eggs. One night a crowd 
of gentlemen from Greenville, passing by this store, decided 
that they wanted something to drink. The store was closed, 
and as no houses were at that time opened after dark to callers 
unless they were well known, these men got no response to 
their repeated knocks on the front door. Finally one of them 
jovially said that he would "rouse the old coon out of his box 
behind by knocking on it." He did so and the members of the 
party supplied themselves with eggs before resuming their 
journey. From that time to the present the place has been 
known as "Coonbox." It once had a hotel and stables, but 
both of these have long since disappeared. 



343 ' Mississippi Historical Society. 

Kemper County. 

Wahalak. 47 — The old town of Wahalak was situated on 
Wahalak creek, a branch of the Noxubee river, eight miles 
south of the station of the same name on the Mobile and Ohio 
railroad. It was laid off by Victor Welsh in 1837. The name 
of the first mercantile firm that did business at this place was 
Loomis Brothers. The town soon had three churches and two 
flourishing schools, one for girls and one for boys. It had two 
physicians for a number of years. There were at this place at 
one time .several business enterprises, among which was a bank 
with a very remarkable business record for the times. 48 Unlike 
most of the early towns of Mississippi, Wahalak had no grog 
shops during its entire history. 

, When this place began to wane as an educational center, its 
business enterprises also declined. The building of the Mobile 
and Ohio railroad, which went only a few miles to the west of 
Wahalak, completed its destruction. 

Lafayette County. 

Eaton 49 . — In 1836 an effort was made to build a commercial 
center at a point on the Tallahatchie river, about fifteen miles 
west of the present town of Oxford. A ferry at this place en- 
abled the settlers of parts of Panola and of Lafayette counties 
to cross the river on their way to and from Oxford, where many 
of them traded. Streets were laid off, lots sold, and one or two 
stores erected. While the "boom" was yet in its incipiency the 
financial crash of 1837 came, and Eaton failed to rise above the 
dignity of a "paper town." Dr. Corbin, who lived near Eaton 
on his plantation, was one of the most prominent citizens of 
this community during the 30's. 

Wyatt. — Another product of the flush times was situated in 
Lafayette county, about thirteen miles from the present town 
of Oxford, on what was once thought to be the head of naviga- 

47 The writer will give only a brief outline of the history of Wahalak, 
as a very interesting and complete sketch of this place appears in this 
volume of the Publications under the title, "Recollections of Pioneer 
Life in Mississippi," by Miss Mary J. Welsh of Shuqualak, Miss. 

48 See Miss Welsh's "Recollections of Pioneer Life in Mississippi. 

49 The sketches of the extinct towns of Lafayette county are based 
upon information derived from Capt. L. Lake, and Drs. T. D. Isom and 
A. A. Young, all of Oxford, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 349 

tion of the Tallahatchie river. The place was settled about the 
time of the Chickasaw cession and flourished before Oxford 
had been named or Holly Springs thought of. Its early set- 
tlers believed that it would eclipse all other towns of North 
Mississippi and that it was destined to become a formidable 
commercial rival of Memphis. They did not doubt but that it 
would be made a port of entry at an early date, and laid their 
plans accordingly. The town was incorporated by an act of the 
Legislature in 1838. 

The name of the place was changed from Mitchell's Bluff to 
Wyatt in honor of Wyatt Mitchell, an enterprising land specu- 
lator who contributed an important part to its early develop- 
ment. A. Gillis and Thomas H. Allen organized at this place a 
real estate banking company, which flooded the surrounding 
country with its shin plaster issues. We are told that the ex- 
pression "as good as A. Gillis's bill" was for a short time a 
synonym of all that was sound and stable in business transac- 
tions. Dr. T. D. Isom, of Oxford, Miss., says that in the fall of 
'35 he saw the streets of Wyatt "as much crowded by trade 
wagons as is now the Front Row of Memphis in the cotton sea- 
son." Wyatt was then the shipping point for a large section of 
country, and boats constantly plied between this place and New 
Orleans. 

Among the enterprises of Wyatt was a gin factory, owned 
and operated by a man by the name of Brooks. The Brooks 
gin, manufactured at this place, was widely used in North Mis- 
sissippi. At the time of its greatest prosperity it contained 
fourteen mercantile houses and had a large and pretentious 
hotel. A bridge was built over the Tallahatchie and a turnpike 
constructed across the river swamp. 

Among its most prominent citizens were Thomas H. Allen, 
later of Memphis and of New Orleans, and A. Gillis, his partner 

in business, Andrew Peterson, Murdock, Maj. Alston, 

Dr. Robert O. Carter, and Dr. Edward McMucken. Dr. Robert 
Watt, a Scotch gentleman of education and refinement, a grad- 
uate of Edinburgh, who had studied under the celebrated Dr. 
Gregory, bought a plantation near Wyatt and established his 
office in the town. He was perhaps at that time the best phy- 
sician in North Mississippi. He died in 1843. Col. Volney 
Peel, of Marshall county, a polished and cultured gentleman of 



35o Mississippi Historical Society. 

wealth, was inspired with the belief that Wyatt would grow into 
a city. He made large investments in town lots and erected 
several houses in that place, thereby losing a large part of his 
fortune. 

The town began to decay very rapidly after the financial 
crash of 1837, and in a few years its glory had departed. It is 
now entirely depopulated. The last citizen, Mr. McConley, is 
now residing at Abbeville in Lafayette county. 

A small cavalry fight, which has been dignified with the title 
of the "Battle of Wyatt," was fought on the site of the old town 
of Wyatt in November, 1864. 

Lauderdale County. 

Marion. 49 — Marion was the county seat of Lauderdale from 
its organization until the close of the War between the States. 
It was, of course, an inland town, though perhaps for years the 
largest in the eastern part of the State, south of Macon. All 
that now marks the site is the debris of a fallen chimney, six 
miles northeast of Meridian. The Mobile and Ohio railroad left 
it to the east two miles, a station being established opposite 
called by its name. Soon after the surrender, by a vote of the 
people, the court house was moved to Marion Station. Later 
the Legislature made Meridian the county seat. In 1848 Ma- 
rion was a town of considerable importance ; Lauderdale 
Springs was then a popular watering place and brought it some 
trade. Gen. W. S. Patton kept the hotel in i860. None of the 
old citizens are living now, and there are only a few who lived 
in the county at that time. Any incidents reported since the 
war relate to Marion Station, which became simply Marion 
after the abandonment of Old Marion. 

Alamutcha. — The old town of Alamutcha (Old Town), has 
existed only in name for many years. It was originally, it ap- 
pears, an Indian village. Half a century ago, it was but a land- 
mark, and since the building of the railroads, has almost passed 
out of memory. Kewanee is the nearest point to the old loca- 
tion. 

Daleville. — The old town of Daleville still exists as Lizelia, 

49 The information upon which the sketches of the towns of Lauder- 
dale county is based was derived from Mr. L. A. Duncan, of Meridian, 
Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 351 

with two stores at its old location, about ten miles northwest of 
Meridian. Only an old church house was there not many years 
back and the Cole residence. A few miles further on is Cooper 
Institute, now known as Daleville, and quite a good settlement 
has grown up in the immediate vicinity. 

Sayerville.— The old village of Sayerville was not much more 
than a post office. E. J. Rew, Esq., was the principal citizen, 
Abram Burwell being a near neighbor. Okatibbee Station, on 
the Mobile and Ohio railroad, is in close proximity to the place. 

Chunkeyville.— The old village of Chunkeyville was ab- 
sorbed by Chunkey Station on the Vicksburg and Meridian 
railroad. A few shanties marked the old site several years ago. 

Lee County. 

Harrisburg. 50 — This village was located in Lee county, one 
and one-half miles west of Tupelo. Harrisburg was never in- 
corporated. At the time of its greatest prosperity it had a 
population of about one hundred. It was named in honor of 
Judge W. R. Harris, a wealthy planter, on whose land it was 
situated. 

The first settlement in this place was made in 1847 by G. C. 
Thomason, who opened a store there in that year. Three years 
later another merchant, Robert Acre, began business there. 
In 1853 Simon Wolf, a Jew, opened a third store in the village. 
In 185 1 a Methodist church and a Masonic lodge were erected. 
The first pastor of this church was A. B. Fly, who afterwards 
became chancellor of his district. The village blacksmith was 
B. I. Barham, who lived there in 1851. A saddler by the name 
of Williams also lived in this place. The hotel was kept by 
Gilbert Kennedy. The first teacher of the village school was 
the Rev. A. B. Feemster, a Presbyterian minister of wide repu- 
tation for piety and learning. He was succeeded by Isaac An- 
derson. The Rev. Absalom Stovall, a Baptist minister of abil- 
ity, also preached there for several years, beginning in 185 1. 
The physicians of the place were Dr. R. C. Cunningham, Dr. 

W. I. Stovall, and Dr. Bond. The postmaster was John 

H. Long, now a citizen of Verona, who went to Harrisburg in 

50 The writer is indebted to the Hon. James Kincannon, of Tupelo, 
Miss., and Mr. John H. Long, of Verona, Miss ; , former post master 
at Harrisburg, for valuable assistance in preparing this sketch. 

23 



35 2 Mississippi Historical Society. 

185 1. John Sullivan was Justice of the Peace. The business 
houses of the place were removed to Tupelo in i860, when the 
Mobile and Ohio railroad was completed to that point. The 
history of Harrisburg was uneventful until July 19, 1864, when 
it was utterly destroyed by the bloody battle which was fought 
there between the Federal troops under Gen. A. J. Smith and 
the Confederate troops under Gen. Stephen D. Lee and Gen. 
N. B. Forrest. In this engagement the Confederates alone lost 
nearly one thousand men. Many evidences of the battle are 
still left to mark the site of this unfortunate village. 

Leflore County. 

McNutt. 51 — The town of McNutt received its name from a 
beautiful lake upon the south side of which it was situated. The 
lake was probably named in honor of Alexander G. McNutt, 
who was governor of Mississippi from 1838-1842. 

When Sunflower county was created in 1844, McNutt was 
made its seat of justice. In the same year a log house was 
erected to serve the double purpose of jail and court house. 
At that time there was only one public road leading to th^ place, 
and paths had to be cut through the surrounding growth of 
cane with hunting knives before the logs could be procured with 
which to erect the first public building in the history of the 
town. A few years later the log court house was superseded by 
a more pretentious frame structure, and this in turn was dis- 
placed (1858), by a very substantial brick building. 

When the county was divided by an act of the Legislature 
(1871), and the county seat of Leflore county, in which McNutt 
was situated, was moved to Greenwood, the brick court house 
became private property. It was used in turn as a school build- 
ing and as a Masonic hall. For many years it was a favorite 
rendezvous for refugees during the inundations. Tradition says 
a large black bear was found asleep one morning in the wide 
middle hall. At a later date this building became the property 
of the Methodist Episcopal church. The court room was then 
used for divine service and the six other rooms served the pur- 
poses of a parsonage. In April, 1901, the building became the 
property of Mr. C. M. Dixon. It is still in a good state Of 

01 The information upon which this sketch is based was received from 
the Rev. W. L. Anderson, of Schlater, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 353 

preservation. There are only a few other buildings and a cem- 
etery left to mark the site of this extinct town. The place still 
has a post office. 

Among the first settlers at McNutt were Randall Bluett, 
Thomas Randle, Eli Ethridge, Hezekiah McNabb, and Ben 
Jones, all of whom were farmers. At a later date (about 1850), 
the following men became citizens of this place: Daniel Pond, 
T. G. Ellesberry, J. W. Gleason, farmers; D. A. Outlaw, H. S. 

Smith, Lightfoot, lawyers; Dave Portwood, Jno. Allen, 

R. M. Coile, merchants; Rutledge and Lovelady, physicians. 
Only two of the early inhabitants of the town, Dr. J. W. Glea- 
son and Mrs. Elizabeth Jones, are now living. 

Point Leflore. 52 — The old village of Point Leflore was situ- 
ated at the junction of the Tallahatchie and Yalobusha rivers, 
which form the head of the Yazoo river. The town was about 
two and a half miles above the present city of Greenwood. In 
the 3o's Col. Greenwood Leflore purchased several hundred 
acres of land, including the site of Point Leflore. Here he 
built a large steam sawmill and subsequently a town. In order 
to make the place easily accessible he constructed a turnpike 
and built twelve or fourteen bridges, all at his own expense, 
which we are told "from first to last amounted to not less than 
$75,000." The mercantile firms of this place at the time of its 
greatest prosperity were Leflore & Godfrey, Milton & Com- 
pany, and S. P. Lacock. It also had a church, a hotel and sev- 
eral other buildings. As Col. Leflore kept up a good road to 
the town, it drew a large business for many years. The Yazoo 
Pass was open and flatboats and barges came through it, con- 
tributing greatly to the commercial importance of Point Le- 
flore. We are told that this place afforded a market for almost 
every variety of produce, corn, oats, flour, meat, lard, potatoes, 
onions, apples, furniture, etc. 

Just before the War between the States Col. Leflore built a 
fine residence, which he named Malmaison, after Queen Eliza- 
beth's home in France. After the erection of this home, which 
was on the edge of the hills, he began to lose interest in his 
town and it went down. He willed it to some of his heirs and it 

62 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. J. C. Har- 
ris, St., of Greenwood, Miss., who is a son-in-law of Col. Greenwood 
Leflore. 



354 Mississippi Historical Society. 

was afterwards sold for taxes. The site of it was later covered 
with a dense undergrowth which was afterwards cleared away, 
and it is now part of a cotton field. 

Lowndes County. 

West Port. 53 — The following sketches of the town of West 
Port is taken from a "History of Columbus and Lowndes 
County," by Dr. W. L. Lipscomb, of Columbus, Miss., pub- 
lished in the Columbus Commercial, beginning with the issue of 
January 15, 1901 : 

"West Port was one mile above Columbus, on the west bank of the 
Tombigbee river. Just as soon as the Choctaw lands began to pro- 
duce crops of cotton, there sprang up a village called by the early set- 
tlers West Port, and built to accommodate the planters of western 
Lowndes, and the adjacent countries, in the shipment of their cotton, 
and in the reception of their plantation supplies to and from Mobile, 
Ala. They thus avoided the payment of the ferriage across the river 
and had good camping grounds for their wagons and teams. 

"M. M. Carrington, relative of Col. John W. Burn, Sheriff of Lowndes 
Co. in 1835, built its first store and warehouse. He was followed by 
Messrs. Haskins, Brownrigg, Hale and Murdock, Dick Jones, Foster, 
Alexander, and others. A town was regularly laid off, good residences, 
fine hotel, stores with large stocks of goods, and immense cotton sheds 
were erected, with all the appointments of a prospective town. The 
shipment of cotton reached 30,000 or 40,000 bales annually, but in 1840 
a fine bridge was built across the Tombigbee, free to all Lowndes 
county citizens, which soon divided the storage of cotton and brought 
thousands of bales to the warehouses of Columbus. 

"The great high water in 1847 deluged the town, swept off some of 
its warehouses, and destroyed much of the sandy bluff on which it was 
situated. In 1861 the Mobile and Ohio railroad completed its branch 
to Columbus, and West Port succumbed to the inevitable and is now 
a desert of white sand on which Daniel Davis (colored) with his black- 
smith shop and little farm hard by resides, its only occupant." 

Plymouth. — The following sketch of Plymouth is also taken 

form Dr. Lipscomb's "History of Columbus and Lowndes 

County :" 

"Seven miles above Columbus on the Tombigbee river, at the mouth 
of Tibbee creek, was located Old Plymouth. It is claimed by some 
of the early settlers to have been the camping ground of DeSoto in 
his passage through Mississippi. Many scraps of old armor and pieces 
of pottery and war implements of Spanish manufacture were found 
there, and they claim also that it was a stronghold of defense^ against 
the Indians, and a deposit for ammunitions of war and provisions for 
the use of the army operating in this section of the country. Some 
claim that it was fortified by Bienville, and that he made it his place 
of deposit in his operations against the Chickasaws, and not Cotton 
Gin Port, as it is stated in the history of the State. Remains of the 



63 The writer is indebted to the Rev. A. P. Leech and Mr. Gideon D. 
Harris, of Columbus, Miss., for the extracts here given. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 355 

fortifications existed within the knowledge of our oldest settlers, es- 
pecially that of a large fort inside of the fortifications, built of large 
cedar logs, two stories in height and perforated with port holes above 
and below, for the use of firearms by the defendants within. This cedar 
fort was taken down by the Canfields, who now own Old Plymouth, 
and was used to build other houses on the plantation, which are still 
in a good state of preservation. Some believe the fort was built by 
General Jackson in his operations against the Creeks and was the base 
of supplies. Until history makes a more satisfactory explanation of 
the old Spanish relics, stockade fortifications and cedar forts, _ our 
Lowndes county traditions are as creditable as any account yet given. 

"After the settlement of the Choctaw lands began Old Plymouth 
became a site of considerable importance on account of its facilities 
for crossing the river at a shallow ford nearby, and as a place for 
the storage and shipment of cotton. It was also considered a beautiful 
spot, with its prodigious growth of large cedars, for the location of 
the homes of the families of the neighboring settlers. James Prowell, 
Sr., Orlando Canfield, Sr., John Morgan, Sr., and John Cox, Sr., built 
residences there. The Irbys, Billingtons, and Mullens erected ware- 
houses and stores. Richard Evans, Esq., and his brother, Dr. Evans, 
and Mr. L. N. Hatch, also settled there, and in 1836 the town was in- 
corporated, and laid off into squares, and streets, and was the pros- 
pective rival of West Port, just below, and of Columbus, across the 
river. It became a trading point of importance; a great number of 
bales of cotton was shipped from there, but the place proved so un- 
healthy and the death rate so great that it was abandoned. The 
planters moved to their plantations and the merchants and lawyers to 
Columbus. 

"Old Plymouth is now a field cultivated by Mr. Orlando Canfield, 
and despite the superstition of the negroes and the application of the 
New England query, 'Who ate Roger Williams,' grows abundant crops 
of corn and potatoes." 

Madison County. 

Livingston. 64 — The town of Livingston was the early seat of 
justice of Madison county, and was at one time the most im- 
portant town in the county. It is still a post office and is situ- 
ated about fifteen miles southwest of Canton. Among the 
wealthy planters of that community were B. Ricks, John John- 
son, Hudnell, John Lowe, N. Hinton, and John Sim- 
mons. It was the trade center of a large number of plantations 
before the War between the States. Its acts of incorporation 
by the Legislature bear the following dates: 1836; May, 1837; 
1848. 

After the removal of the court house to Canton, Livingston 
began to decay and to-day only three dwellings and a church 
are left to mark the site of this once prosperous town. 

Vernon. — In the midst of a prosperous community of wealthy 

54 The sketches of the towns of Madison county are largely based 
upon information received from Col. W. G. Kearney, of Flora, Miss., 
and Robert Bowman, Esq., of Yazoo City, Miss. 



356 Mississippi Historical Society. 

slave owners, about seven miles west of Livingston, was situ- 
ated the town of Vernon. This place was incorporated by the 
Legislature in 1833. Some of the prominent planters living in 
the community were Dr. William L. Balforer, Dr. J. P. Thomas, 
E. T. Montgomery, Col. Guston Kearney, Oscar D. Kearney', 
Col. McCord Williamson, Col. Wm. Gartley, Jno. Lipscomb, 
Newal Vick, C. P. Andrews, and Maj. C. B. Greer. 

Madisonville.— In 1828 Madison county was formed out of 
part of Yazoo, and Madisonville, a place situated in the south- 
eastern part of the former county, about twelve miles from Can- 
ton, was made the county seat. Its acts of incorporation by the 
Legislature bear the following dates: 1836; May, 1837; and 
1848. 

One of the early physicians of this place was Dr. James 
Anderson, and one of its mercantile firms was Joseph Coffman 
& Company, later of Grenada. When the court house was re- 
moved to Canton, Madisonville declined rapidly. Its former 
site is now part of the plantation of Maj. Walker. 

Marshall County. 

Tallaloosa. 55 — The village of Tallaloosa was located in Mar- 
shall county, about eight miles southwest of Holly Springs, on 
the Pigeon Roost creek. It contained two or three small stores 
and a few families at the time of its greatest prosperity. Al- 
though it never became an important place, it was incorporated 
by the Legislature in 1838. It was surrounded by a good agri- 
cultural section. Major James Glover, the Woods family, the 
McClutches, the Hursts, John Williams, McCraven, William 
Jones and his two sons, Joel Echols, and others, settled in this 
vicinity. It was about extinct before the War between the 
States, being absorbed by Holly Springs and Chulahoma. 

Waterford. — One mile west of the station of the same name 
on the Illinois Central railroad was located the village of old 
Waterford. It was once a lively little town and was incor- 
porated by the Legislature of the State in 1838. This place was 
at an early date the muster or drill ground of the militia for 
this part of the State, where the brigade under command of 

55 The writer is indebted to Maj. Wm. M. Strickland, Holly Springs, 
Miss., for information with reference to the extinct towns of Marshall 
county. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 357 

Brigadier General Guy was reviewed once or twice a year. Its 
selection for this purpose gave it some prominence. 

Among the prominent citizens and planters of that com- 
munity were Dr. Thomas J. Malone, Robert H. Malone, Shad- 
erick Wooten, Alfred Brooks, Mr. Sherman, Samuel Cole, John 
Killough, John W. Mooring, Dr. Jones and James Cherry. 
There are now no houses standing on the site of old Waterford. 
The stream of Spring creek furnished an abundance of water for 
two grist mills, Sumpkin's and Ford's, at an early date. A gun 
and fishing club has recently erected a club house where the 
latter mill once stood. 

Hudsonville. — The town of Hudsonville was about four miles 
southwest of old Lamar on the stage road that ran from 
Lagrange, Tenn., to Holly Springs, Miss. In January, 1837, 
this village sprang up as if by magic. It soon contained ten or 
a dozen new houses and several stores. Its acts of incorpora- 
tion bear the dates of 1838 and 1844. 

It continued as a country town and furnished a retail trade 
until the present station of the same name was located about 
two miles southeast on the Illinois Central (then the Mississippi 
Central) railroad. The old town was then absorbed and be- 
came depopulated, only one family (Dr. Philips') remaining. 
Prominent citizens then living in the vicinity were Peter Scales, 
Dabney Minor, the Daniels, Albert Hunt, John Roberts, Har- 
vey Means, McFadden, J. R. Mayhon, William Arthur, Maj. 
Catrell, William Wall, and Kemp Holland. 

This town now exists only in the memory of the older in- 
inhabitants of North Mississippi. 

Monroe County. 
Hamilton. 56 — The town of Hamilton was the first county seat 
of Monroe county. It was situated one mile east of the Tom- 
bigbee and two miles north of the Buttahatchie river, in what 
is now the southwest corner of Monroe county. The original 
site, where once stood the court house, jail, business houses, 
and a great many of the dwelling houses, is now under cultiva- 
tion, being part of the Troop and Alexander plantations. 

56 The information upon which the sketches of extinct towns in Mon- 
roe county are based was received from Col. L. Willis and Dr. J. D. 
Egger, of Hamilton, Miss., and Dr. W. F. Boyakin, of Blue Rapids, 
Kansas. 



358 Mississippi Historical Society. 

During the time of its greatest prosperity old Hamilton had 
four or five stores. The leading business men were Thomas 
Branch, George Landemix, and Benjamin Rees. The hotel at 
this place was owned at first by Red Eckols and afterwards by 
Waits Tucker. The blacksmith and general repair shop, which 
occupied a conspicuous place on one of the streets of the town, 
was owned and controlled by T. Tipton Linsley. In its pros- 
perous days old Hamilton had a population of one hundred and 
fifty or two hundred people. 

It was the county seat of Monroe county until the formation 
of Lowndes county in 1830. The court house was then re- 
moved to a .place called Augusta, which was nearer the center 
of the county. The site of the extinct town is now an old 
field. 57 For years after the decay of old Hamilton the post 
office was moved from house to house in the neighborhood, 
until in the year 1900. At that time, through the efforts of Dr. 
J. D. Egger, R. W. Eiker, W. A. Stewart, I. Henderson, and 
others, a beautiful tract of land, three miles northeast of the 
site of old Hamilton, was chosen as the site of the present town 
of Hamilton. 

Cotton Gin Port. 58 — The town of Cotton Gin Port was situ- 
ated on the east bank of the Tombigbee river, on a beautiful 
plateau, twenty feet above the high water mark. Court was 
held here about 1821, before the establishment of a seat of jus- 
tice for Monroe county. In September, 1824, Dr. W. F. Boya- 
kin, who is now a citizen of Blue Rapids, Kansas, took charge 
of the first school that was ever taught at this place. At that 
time the place contained six or seven log houses, "scattered 
around without any regularity." Among its inhabitants were : 
The Waltons, the Lucas family, the Doggates, and the May- 
fields. Among the pioneer farmers who lived within two miles 
of the place were Bowers, Gunaway, Rayburn, Bickerstaff, 
Mayfield, Malone, Thomas, Folks, Cannon, McQuarry, and 
Cooper. These people had not more than half a dozen slaves in 
all at that time. For a long time the site of Cotton Gin Port 
had been the camping-ground of a restless class of adventurers. 

" See Goodspeed's Historical and Biographical Memoirs of Mississippi, 
Vol. I., page 248. 

68 The information upon which the following sketch is based was de- 
rived from Mr. T. E. Stevens, of Amory, Miss., and Dr. W. F. Boya- 
kin, of Blue Rapids, Kansas. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 359 

For many years this place was the head of navigation on the 
Tombigbee river and was the trading post for the Chickasaw 
Indians. It was incorporated by the Legislature in 1858. Its 
most prosperous period was about 1848. At that time it had 
a carding factory, a flouring mill, twenty stores, and a popula- 
tion of about five hundred. It was on the dividing line between 
the Chickasaw Indians and the white settlements. The road 
known as Gaines' Trace passes through this place. Some of 
the leading citizens at the above mentioned period were H. B. 
Gillespie, Isaac Mayfield, B. G. Knowles, P. A. Knowles, John 
Bickerstaff, Johnson Bickerstaff, Capt. J. H. Montgomery, Dr. 
T. B. Moody, George Abrams, A. J. Owen, and Jack Hill. 

The Kansas City, Memphis and Birmingham railroad was 
built in 1887, establishing the town of Amory, which quickly 
absorbed the business and population of Cotton Gin Port. The 
site of the old town is now a cultivated field. 

Athens. — In 1830 the Legislature created Lowndes county 
out of part of Monroe county and provided that a new seat of 
justice be chosen for the latter. A commission, consisting of 
Sketon Standifer, Richard Dilworth, and W. F. Boyakin, se- 
lected a beautiful plateau near the geographical center of the 
county as the best site for the new seat of justice. By the time 
the site was settled upon, Dr. Boyakin says, "half the county 
had a name to give it, without charge. A large number, and 
among them one member of our board, thought as the Legis- 
lature had given no authority therefor we had no right to name 
it at all. But a majority overruled and after much parleying, 
the writer, having a dim view that this town might in the future 
be a great center of learning, suggested the name of 'Athens' 
for it." This suggestion was adopted. The lots were duly sur- 
veyed and advertised for sale. Dr. Boyakin describes the sale 
of these lots as follows : 

"Everybody in the county almost was on the ground and Dick Dil- 
worth, coat off, collar unbuttoned and face reeking with sweat, stood 
on a big stump and at the top of his voice (you could have heard him 
half a mile) auctioneered these lots off to the highest bidders * * * 
Long before the sun went down the last lot was disposed of and the 
auctioneer was so worn down and hoarse that Judge Nathan Morgan, 
who lived hard by, had to take him to his home and doctor him up, 
for several days." 

Dr. Boyakin continues his narrative as follows: 



360 Mississippi Historical Society. 

"Years went on (I do not know how many). The Indians west of 
the Tombigbee were removed; a flood of home seekers from almost 
every state in the Union poured in, and in a few years the whole coun- 
try was reclaimed from primeval conditions, and the hum and buzz of 
civilization were heard 'from Dan to Beersheba.' Buoyant and thrifty 
as our pet little city of Athens was, it was soon apparent that in the 
not distant future it would have to yield to the inexorable logic of 
commerce, and go with the crowd. So, after long years of obedience 
to municipal function, unceremoniously, one day Madame Justice gath- 
ered her official robes around her documents, records, jurors, lawyers, 
clients, witnesses, and all, and moved west of the river, settling quietly 
down in the flourishing, rival town of Aberdeen; and here, ever since, 
has dispensed to all alike, the edicts of justice. Athens then gradually 
went back into rural quietude." 

Quincy. — The town of Quincy was situated on the rolling 
hills in the eastern part of Monroe county. Among its citizens 
were Bob Gordon, George Wightman, Daniel Malone, and 
Drewry Cooper. In the vicinity of the place lived the Dil- 
worths, Parchmans, Boggans, Gillelans, Walkers, Greenwoods,. 
Kinnys, Elktans, and others. 

Newton County. 

Pinkney. — Mr. Brown gives the following sketch of the old 
town of Pinkney {History of Newton County, pp. 332-'3) : 

"The name Pinkney dates as far back in the history of Newton 
county, as any other name in it. It is not known from what the town 
derived its name; the probabilities are it was settled as early as 1837, 
probably earlier, and was a place of some importance and trade. Lane 
and Boyd, merchants of that place, are reported to have had a stock 
of goods of $10,000, who issued a fractional currency called 'shin-plas- 
ters/ and were correspondents of the Decatur bank, and when the 
bank failed it naturally carried the firm with it. Where these people 
got their goods is not known, probably from Vicksburg, or New Or- 
leans, or Mobile, all hauled in wagons over terrible roads. 

"This place has had from time to time some business. About twenty 
years ago Mr. S. D. Daniel commenced a general merchandise business 
and sold a large amount of goods and made money. The place has a 
good mill seat that has from time served a good purpose and been a 
means of convenience and profit. The name of Pinkney has given way 
to Stamper, at which place there is a store kept by Mr. Boulton, also 
a dailv communication with the railroad. The water-power is owned 
by Mr. Stamper." 

Noxubee County. 

Boundstown. 59 — Sometime in the early 30's Mr. Jesse Bounds 
settled in the southeastern part of Noxobee county on the Nox- 
ubee river. Others soon joined him and the settlement grew 

69 The writer acknowledges with pleasure the valuable information 
he has received from Miss Mary J. Welsh, of Shuqualak, Miss., on the 
extinct towns along the Noxubee river. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 361 

into a country village. It was named Boundstown in honor of 
the first settler, though it was familiarly called "Bouncetown." 
Mr. Bounds soon moved into the lower part of Kemper county. 
The town had an uncertain existence for only a few years. In 
writing of this place Miss Welsh says: ''It was never noted for 
anything except rowdyism, and that will not look well on 
record. The only citizen whose name I recall was a Mr. Ste- 
vens, familarly called 'Uncle Billy.' Its death may be attri- 
buted to the fact that there was no necessity for its existence, 
especially as it was soon overwhelmed by a neighboring town, 
Brooklyn." 

Brooklyn. — Acting on a firm belief that Noxubee river would 
prove to be navigable for steamboats, the Loomis Brothers re- 
moved their business from Wahalak in Kemper county to a 
place on that stream, three or four miles south of Boundstown, 
and eight miles east of the present town of Shuqualak. At this 
new site they projected a town, which they called Brooklyn. 
Another merchant, Hinzey Walker, also engaged in business at 
this place. In a few years the Loomis Brothers sustained a heavy 
loss by fire. The hope that the Noxubee would prove navigable 
for steamboats having been dispelled in the meantime by actual 
experiment, the original projectors of this village returned to 
their homes in the North. The town, after a struggling exist- 
ence, perhaps down to the outbreak of the War between the 
States, finally died. 

Oktibbeha County. 

Whitefield. 60 — The town of Whitefield was situated seventeen 
miles west of Starkville and two and a quarter miles from the 
Choctaw county line. A man by the name of Smith owned the 
land upon which it was built, and erected the first house in the 
place in 1854. At the time of its greatest prosperity it con- 
tained several business houses. Most of its merchants lived at 
a distance of more than a mile from their places of business. 
Among its most prominet citizens were : Dr. John Barron, Dr. 

W. W. Edwards, J. M. Cain, Tumlinson, and 

Carpenter. Some of the most prominent business firms were: 
Barron & Neal, Hannah & Company, Hunt Brothers, and Wal- 

60 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. B. S. Car- 
lisle, of Sturges, Miss. 



362 Mississippi Historical Society. 

ker Brothers. The decay of this place was caused by the com- 
pletion of a branch of the Illinois Central railroad through 
Oktibbeha county and the location of a station at Sturges, 
three-quarters of a mile south. 

Folsom. 61 — The town of Folsom was situated on the old Rob- 
inson road. The place was named in honor of the Choctaw 
chief, David Folsom, who once lived there. At one time it was 
laid into lots, a large number of which were sold. Several 
houses were built here in the short time during which the place 
flourished. After a few months the "boom" collapsed. 

Panola County. 

Belmont. 62 — Five or six miles southeast of Sardis, on the 
Illinois Central (formerly Mississippi and Tennessee) railroad, 
was located the town of old Belmont on the north side of the 
Tallahatchie river. It was settled in 1836-7, and soon became 
a flourishing town of six or eight stores. A large number of 
bales of cotton was shipped from this place to New Orleans. 
Maj. William M. Strickland says, in speaking of Belmont: 

"I have seen five steamboats being loaded at the landing at the same 
time. It did a large mercantile and shipping business. The most 
flourishing merchants I now remember were Henry Laird and Dimaren 
L. Childress, of the firm of Henry Laird and Company; Thomas B. 
Carroll (afterwards Mayor of Memphis, Tenn.), and Anthony Foster." 

There was for several years a contest between Belmont and 
the town of old Panola over the location of the court house of 
Panola county. This contest aroused much vindictiveness and 
bitterness of feeling. Panola finally succeeded, but by the use 
of bribery and intrigue, as was afterwards charged. Col. James 
Bailey, now of Oxford, Miss., was in the county of Panola on 
the day of the election. Although he was a lad of only sixteen 
and lived in the adjoining county of Tallahatchie, several miles 
over the line, he was prevailed upon to cast a vote in this elec- 
tion for the town of Panola. The failure of Belmont in this 
contest was a severe blow to the town, which was finally ab- 

61 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. H. S. Hal- 
bert, of Lucile, Miss. 

82 This sketch is based upon information derived from Maj. Wm. L. 
Strickland, of Holly Springs, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 363 

sorbed by Sardis, 63 situated near the center of the Belmont 
faction. 

Panola. — This town was situated on the south side of the 
Tallahatchie river, a few miles below old Belmont. Although 
old Panola won in the contest for the county seat, referred to 
above, and became a flourishing business center in the 40's, it 
was absorbed in a few years by the town of Batesville, on the 
Illinois Central (formerly the Mississippi and Tennessee) rail- 
road. Most of its houses were placed on rollers and removed 
to Batesville, about a mile away. Only two buildings, the brick 
court house and jail, were left to mark the site of old Panola. 
The court house has recently been remodeled and made into an 
elegant residence. An interesting relic of the contest between 
the two towns of Belmont and Panola, referred to above, is still 
left in the two judicial districts of Panola county, Batesville be- 
ing the seat of justice for the second district and Sardis for the 
first. 

63a 01d Panola received much attention from the Legislature of 
the State, as is shown by the fact that it had three different acts 
of incorporation passed by that body in 1839, 1840 and 1846. 

Pike County. 
Holmesville. — By an act of Dec. 9, 1815, Pike county was 
formed out of a part of Marion. Before a permanent seat of 
justice was chosen the county courts were held at the residence 
of Gabriel Allen, on the Bogue Chitto. A commission was 
then appointed, consisting of Benjamin Bagley, Peter Felder, 
Sr., Obed. Kirkland, William Bullock, and David McGraw, Sr., 
to locate a permanent seat of justice at the most eligible place 
within three miles of the center of the county. The commis- 
sioners selected a site in the valley of the Bogue Chitto, at the 
foot of a range of high hills, about sixty-five miles from the 
town of Covington, La. Their action was ratified by the Gen- 
eral Assembly of Dec. 11, 1816. The place was called Holmes- 
ville in honor of Maj. Andrew Hunter Holmes. It soon be- 

63 This town had its beginning in a small log school house, known as 
Danville Academy, in which Daniel B. Killebrew taught. The Baptists 
then built a church at this place and called it the Sardis Baptist 
Church. This church gave the name to the town which was afterwards 
built at this place. 

63a This sketch is based upon information derived from Historical 
Sketches of Pike county by Mr. Luke W. Connerly (now of Pride, 
Louisiana) which were published in the Magnolia Herald in 1876. 



364 Mississippi Historical Society. 

came a thriving business center, the surrounding country be- 
ing settled by an industrious, well-to-do, farming population. 

Among the early prominent citizens of Holmesville were 
Peter Quinn, the first settler of this place; James Y. McNabb, 
clerk of the inferior and Superior courts of Pike county from 
1816 to 1818 and from 1823 to 1833 ; David Cleveland, sheriff 
from 1816 to 1818 and afterwards a member of the Legislature. 
Anthony Perryman was the first merchant to settle in this 
place. Other citizens of prominence were Laban Bascot, who 
was sheriff of the county from 1819 to 1826, and Henry Quinn, 

who was clerk of the courts from 1819 to . Among the 

lawyers of prominence, who practiced at the Holmesville bar 
at an early date, were Buckner, Harris, Dillingham, Hagen, 
and William A. Stone. The last of these was a native of 
Maine. He graduated at Bowdoin College in 1825, being a 
classmate of Longfellow, Abbott, Bradbury, and Santello, all 
of whom became men of distinction. In 1839 Judge Stone sold 
his property in Holmesville to John T. Lamkin and removed 
to Natchez. In 1841 he removed to Monticello, where he re- 
mained until 1861, when he removed to Hazlehurst. 

Among the first resident lawyers of Holmesville were John 
Black and William Gage, the former of whom was at one time 
a member of the lower House of Congress. 

The town of Holmesville was incorporated by an act of the 
General Assembly of Mississippi in 1820. An election of mu- 
nicipal officers under this act resulted in the choice of James C. 
Dickson, Peter Quinn, Jr., I. Aiken, Wiley P. Harris, and Maj. 
Lee, trustees, and Buckner Harris, assessor, tax-collector and 
town constable, and William Orr, treasurer. 

The first Masonic Lodge organized in Pike county was the 
Rising Virtue Lodge No. 7, which was organized near Holmes- 
ville. In 1848 it was succeeded by the Holmesville Lodge No. 
64, with Dr. George Nicholson as master. Sincerity Lodge, 
F. A. M., No. 214, was organized in Holmesville in 1856. 

The Holmesville Independent was published at Holmesville by 
Barney Lewis and Robert Ligon in the early 50's. It Wa.s sub- 
sequently owned and published by Henry S. Bonney, who, after 
the war, removed to Summit and changed the name of his pa- 
per to the Summit Sentinel. 

About 1855 was the date of its greatest prosperity. In 1857 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 365 

a railroad from New Orleans (now part of the main line of the 
Illinois Central) was completed through the county, running 
west of Holmesville about nine miles. The town soon began 
to decline, as it could not compete in business with the newly 
established places, Osyka, Magnolia, and Summit, which 
sprang up along this road. In the course of a few years a 
proposition to remove the court house and country records to 
the railroad was made, and, after some agitation, was sub- 
mitted to a vote of the people of the county. Magnolia was 
selected as the second seat of justice. 

In i860 the Quitman Guards, Co. E, 16th Mississippi Regi- 
ment, was organized in Holmesville, with Preston Brent as 
captain, and in the same year the Pike County Rifles, with John 
T. Lamkin as captain, was also organized in Holmesville. It 
was attached to the 33rd Mississippi Regiment in Bragg's 
army. 

With reference to the fate of Holmesville, Mr. Luke W. Con- 
nerly in an historical sketch of Pike county, published in 1876, 
writes as follows : 

"When the war closed * * * efforts were made to maintain the 
old town, but one by one its numbers were lessened by death and re- 
moval until few were left. Its buildings were removed or went to de- 
cay." 

Mr. Connerly also says that on the public square in Holmes- 
ville there stood a number of large red oaks, among them one 
which has always borne the name of "Widow Phillips." There 
was a law in the early days of Pike which required whipping 
as a penalty for certain minor offenses. A man named Phil- 
lips was sentenced under this law and was tied to this oak tree 
and flogged with the "cat-o'-nine-tail." Since this time the 
tree has borne the name of "Widow Phillips." In Oct., 1901, 
the trunk of this tree was lying prone on the ground, — the his- 
toric emblem of the whipping post in Pike county. 

Pontotoc County. 

Victoria. 64 — The date of the establishment of Victoria has not 
been ascertained by the writer. It was situated about one and 
one-half miles northwest of the present town of Pontotoc. The 
site of this place is for the most part in old fields. About the 

64 The facts relating to the history of Victoria were kindly furnished 
the writer by Mr. B. D. Anderson, of Pontotoc, Miss. 



3 6 6 Mississippi Historical Society. 

only remains of the town are a few old wells and rock chimneys, 
which are still to be seen. 

Some of the most prominent citizens of Victoria were 
"Squire" Watt, Barnard Franklin, Jno. W. Thompson (at that 
time a teacher, but afterwards a prominent lawyer), Aaron 
Roote, Benjamin D. Anderson, and James Hodges. At the time 
of its greatest prosperity the place probably contained three 
hundred inhabitants. 

In writing of this place Mr. Anderson says : 

" A j to the enterprises _ existing there, I cannot remember definitely 
and do not know any living man who could give the desired informa- 
tion. 

About the year 1834 McMackin, the celebrated hotel keeper, 
who had formerly kept a hostelry where the Pontotoc land of- 
fice was first established, came into possession of the present 
site of the town of Pontotoc. At that time he laid off a town 
and, being a very influential citizen, moved the old town of 
Pontotoc to its present site, which was so much better located 
than the town of Victoria that the latter place was abandoned. 

Prentiss County. 

Carrollville. 65 — The village of Carrollville was founded in 
1834. It was once a place of considerable importance, being a 
trade center for the southeastern portion of old Tishomingo 
county. It was situated on the old Tuscumbia and Pontotoc 
road, sixty-five miles from the former and thirty-five miles from 
the latter place. 

Among the early settlers of Carrollville was Wylie Belsher, 
who kept the first tavern; Jack Thompson, Joe Galling, and 
the Holcombe Brothers, merchants; George Wilburn, the sa- 
loon-keeper; and William Gates, the "village blacksmith." In 
1836 R. B. Clayton took charge of the village tavern. In 1838 
Guilford Stocks and A. I. Taylor, and in 1840 D. M. Allen and 
Robert Traylor settled near the village. The surrounding 
country was soon thickly settled by an intelligent class of people 
from Virginia, Georgia, and Alabama. In the decade from 
1840 to 1850, which was the period of greatest prosperity in the 
history of this place, it had five drygoods stores, belonging to 
the Robinson Brothers, Clayton & Walker, Robert Lowry, 

65 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. Thomas 
G. Stocks, of Baldwin, Miss., whose mother removed to Carrollville in 
1838, and is now living in Baldwyn, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 367 

James Robinson, and T. B. Stubbs & Brother. Three saddlers' 
shops were then operated by W. H. H. Tison, William Smith, 
and P. Langley ; two shoe shops by William Waldrow, and John 
Outlaw; two blacksmith shops by William Waldon and John 

Rogers; two tailoring establishments by Moffitt and 

Carpenter; a tanyard by Sam McCarley; a mill and gin by 
Sprightly Williams. The medical profession was represented 
by Drs. Burton, Boothe, Scruggs, Long and Smythe. There 
was one church house in Carrollville in which all denomina- 
tions worshipped. It was also used as a school building and as 
a Masonic hall, where the Blue Lodge, No. 108, Royal Arch 
Chapter, No. 57, held its sessions. 

In the early history of Carrollville all cotton was hauled to 
Memphis, Tenn., by wagons — a distance of one hundred and ten 
miles, and all freight and goods were brought from that city in 
the same way. In later years shipments were made to and from 
Eastport, on the Tennessee river, forty-eight miles distant. 
When the Mobile and Ohio railroad was completed as far as 
Baldwyn (i860), two miles away, the village of Carrollville 
rapidly declined, all business men moved away the former place 
absorbing most of its business and its population. The Hon. 
Wm. M. Cox, who is at present a member of the Legislature 
from Prentiss county, now lives on the old site of Carrollville. 
Among some of the noted residents of this place were the father 
of Ex-Governor Lowry, Hon. John M. Allen (who was born 
and reared in the village); W. H. H. Tison, member of the 
Legislature and Speaker of the House of Representatives. 

Rankin County. 

Richmond. 05 — The old town of Richmond was situated on 
the east side of Pearl river, about five miles from Jackson. At 
the time of its greatest prosperity the population of Richmond 
was about three hundred. Some of the most prominent citi- 
zens of this place were : John Long, merchant ; Henry White, 
blacksmith; James Howard, blacksmith; William Howard, a 
ginner and miller; and Simpson Cooper. 

A slope in the river bank, still visible at this place, is sup- 
posed to be the place where boats once landed. The remains 
of an old tar-kiln and of a few chimneys are also left to indi- 

65 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. J. H. 
Neely, of Plain, Miss. 
24 



3 68 Mississippi Historical Society. 

•cate the site of this once prosperous town. Most of the site 
however, is now in cultivation. 

Scott County. 

^ Berryville. 66 — The village of Berryville, the first seat of jus- 
tice of Scott county, was situated about four miles southwest 
of Forest. The place was abandoned within twelve months 
after the streets were laid off, the court house having been re- 
moved to Hillsboro in 1836. See Goodspeed's Biographical 
and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. I., p. 244. 

Orion. — The village of Orion was situated a little southwest 
of Morton, about four miles. For several years a good deal of 
business was carried on at this place. It was abandoned, how- 
ever, before the War between the States. 

Spencer. — The village of Spencer was about four and a half 
miles a little east of south of Morton. This place was probably 
smaller than Orion. It was also abandoned before the War 
between the States. 

Sunflower County. 

Johnsonville. 67 — On March 15, 1871, the Legislature passed 
an act entiled "An Act to create a new county in this State to 
be called Leflore county, and to change the boundary lines be- 
tween Sunflower, Washington and Bolivar counties." A con- 
siderable portion of Sunflower county was cut off and placed 
in the new county of Leflore, and this necessitated a change of 
the county site. It was therefore provided that the seat of jus- 
tice of Sunflower county should be moved from McNutt and lo- 
cated at the junction of Mound Bayou with the Sunflower river, 
and that a town should be established at this place to be called 
"Johnsonville." Provision was made for the acquisition of the 
necessary land for county purposes and for the construction of 
suitable public buildings. This was the origin of the town of 
Johnsonville. 

On March 8, 1882, the Legislature passed an act entitled "An 
Act for the removal of the county site of Sunflower county." It 

66 The facts upon which the sketches of the extinct villages of Scott 
county are based were derived principally from Rev. M. H. Lack, of 
Hillsboro, Miss. 

07 This sketch was kindly procured for the writer by Mrs. M. C. Tor- 
rey, of Baird, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 369 

provided that a vote should be taken to ascertain whether the 
voters desired the county site to remain at Johnsonville or to be 
removed to a point about four miles west of the Sunflower river 
on Indian Bayou, known as Eureka, but since that time named 
Indianola. The vote was in favor of Eureka, and during that 
year the county seat was removed. A few years later the 
Georgia Pacific railroad was completed from Greenville east- 
ward, and it crosses the Sunflower river about a mile north of 
Johnsonville. While Johnsonville was the county seat it was 
quite an important business town, containing a dozen or more 
stores, and a population of about 150. It continued to exist 
as a municipality after the removal (though its importance was 
thereby considerably diminished), until the Georgia Pacific rail- 
road crossed the river north of it, as has been stated. At this 
crossing the town of Baird grew up. The town of Johnson- 
ville was thereafter gradually deserted, and soon ceased to 
exist. 

Tallahatchie County. 

Tuscahoma. — The village of Tuscahoma was situated about 
twelve miles northwest of Grenada Some of its early mercan- 
tile firms were : Girault & McRea, Campbell & Adams, 
and Tulson & Company. Mr. and Mrs. Williams kept a ho- 
tel there at an early date. Geo. W. Martin, an intimate friend 
of Gen. Andrew Jackson, lived near this place. Its population 
at the time of its greatest prosperity was about three hundred. 
In 1836 it was incorporated by an act of the Legislature. It be- 
came extinct about 1850. 

A newspaper, The Tuscahomian, was published at that place 
in 1835. In the same year a ferry was established there by A. 
L. Campbell. The first license, granted by the authorities of 
Tallahatchie county, to sell spirituous and intoxicating liquors 
led to the establishment of a saloon at Tuscahoma (Jan., 1835). 
This privilege cost the princely sum of $15.00. The second 
road in Tallahatchie county was "viewed out" between Phar- 
salia and Tuscahoma, both of which are now extinct. 67 

Pharsalia. 68 — In 1833 or 34 tne town of Pharsalia sprang into 

67 Article on the "Early Days in Tallahatchie," published in The 
Democratic Herald (Charleston, Miss.) April 25, 1901. 

68 The information upon which this sketch is based was furnished to 
the writer by Col. James Bailey, of Oxford, Miss., and Messrs. Nelson 
McCleod and John M. Kuykendall, of Harrison Station, Miss. 



37° Mississippi Historical Society. 

existence. It was located on the south bank of the Yacona 
river, in the nartheastern part of Tallahatchie county, a few 
miles from Harrison Station, on the Illinois Central (formerly 
Mississippi and Tennessee) railroad. At the time of its great- 
est prosperity it had seven or eight stores, a blacksmith shop, 
and several grog shops. At that time its population numbered 
about two hundred. Among its citizens were Dr. Broome, Dr. 
Shegog, J. Hunter, and Augustus B. Saunders. The last of 
these was for several years (1837-1842) Auditor of Public Ac- 
counts of Mississippi. Two Methodist ministers, Goode and 
Keeland, and two teachers, James McClain and Eugene Ste- 
vens, lived here at an early date. Col. Thomas B. Hill and 
Charles Bowen also lived near this place. 

Early in the 30's Pharsalia was almost depopulated by an epi- 
demic of small-pox, from which it never recovered. The place 
received another severe blow through the financial panic of 
1837. It struggled along, however, until its death, which oc- 
curred in 1842. The site of this place is now part of a cultivated 
field belonging to Mr. R. R. Martin. There is still an old ceme- 
tery close by. 

Among the amusements for which Pharsalia was especially 
noted were horse races and shooting matches on Saturdays, 
and gander pullings on Christmas days. This place was the 
scene of many memorable political debates. One of the most 
interesting of these took place between John A. Quitman and 
Henry S. Foote. Quitman, being the first speaker, finished his 
address and left. Foote then arose and alluded to Quitman's 
action in the following words : "This reminds me of the days of 
old, when Caesar stood on the plains of Pharsalia and viewed 
the retreating Pompey. I, like Caesar, am left victorious at 
Pharsalia." This created great enthusiasm for Foote. 

Tillatoba. 69 — The town of Tillatoba, which was located about 
a mile northwest of Charleston, was at one time the county seat 
of Tallahatchie county. It was a village of one hundred or one 
hundred and fifty inhabitants at the time of its greatest pros- 
perity, and had a half dozen stores, grog shops, etc. As the 
land on which this town was located had a defective title, the 



69 The information contained in this sketch was derived from Col. 
James Bailey, of Oxford, Miss., and Capt. W. S. Eskridge, of Charles- 
ton, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 371 

county seat was removed about 1837 across Tillabota creek to 
Charleston. The name Tillatoba still survives in a small sta- 
tion on the Illinois Central (formerly Mississippi and Tennes- 
see) railroad, though there is not a vestige of the old town left. 
W. H. Carothers, a merchant, Trewalla, a tailor from North 
Carolina, and Dr. Coleman, were at one time citizens of Tilla- 
toba. 

An aristocratic old gentleman from South Carolina, by the 
name of Roup, settled in Panola county near Tillatoba, in the 
30's. He had been a friend and neighbor of Calhoun and Mc- 
Duffie before seeking his fortune in Mississippi, and was an 
ardent Democrat. In the fall of '37, Sargent S. Prentiss, the 
young Whig candidate for Congress, made his brilliant tour of 
North Mississippi, delivering speeches in the interest of his 
party. When it was announced that Prentiss would speak in 
the court house at Tillatoba, Mr. Roup, who felt very much 
humiliated to learn that no Democrat dared to speak against 
this Whig candidate, declared with a pompous air that he would 
answer the young man himself. Before the hour for speaking 
arrived Mr. Roup had sent his servant to the court house with 
a .supply of stationery to be used in preparing to demolish Mr. 
Prentiss. When Mr. Prentiss began to speak Mr. Roup was in 
the audience with pages of stationery before him. He dipped 
his pen in ink and raised it with a flourish as if he were ready 
to pounce upon his prey. Being attracted by the first utter- 
ances of Mr. Prentiss, Mr. Roup sat, holding his pen poised 
before him, entirely oblivious of the fact that his friends ex- 
pected to hear him take the young speaker sharply to task for 
his utterances. At the conclusion of a speech of three hours, 
Mr. Prentiss took his seat amid the deafening applause of his 
audience. Scarcely had the noise ceased when Mr. Roup, realiz- 
ing that he would be expected to say something, arose and made 
the following remarks, addressed to Mr. Prentiss: "Young 
man, I came here to answer you, but since hearing you speak, 
I'll be damned if I don't vote for you myself." 

Locopolis. — The town of Locopolis, the first shipping point 
in Tallahatchie county, was situated on the west bank of the 
Tallahatchie river, about ten miles west of the present town of 
Charleston. Locopolis was a large shipping point for cotton 
in the 30's. In March, 1837, an appropriation of $2,000 was 



37 2 Mississippi Historical Society. 

made to build a turnpike from that place to Holly Grove. In 
1839 a road was 'Viewed out" along the township line from 
Locopolis to the county line, and the privilege was granted to 
establish a ferry at Locopolis. In 1840 the Locopolis turnpike 
was leased to a company of gentlemen, who in return for their 
services in extending it were "allowed to charge one dollar for 
the passage of a wagon or a double carriage, fifty cents for a 
cart, six and one-fourth cents for a 'horseback rider,' and three 
cents each for footmen." In March, 1852, the Charleston and 
Locopolis railroad was chartered by a special act of the Legis- 
lature, and in June of the same year "the county by a vote of 
152 to 80 instructed the Police Court to subscribe $10,000 to the 
stock of said road. The records do not show the final disposi- 
tion of this matter. 70 

In 1842, or the year following, Col. James Bailey counted in 
one day about a hundred loaded wagons going into Locopolis. 
This town also carried on an extensive trade through the Yazoo 
Pass. There were during the days of its greatest prosperity as 
many as thirty or forty flatboats and keel boats in the river in 
front of Locopolis at the same time. It was hoped at one time 
that this town would be a rival of the city of Memphis. 

Its inconvenience as a shipping point and the frequent inun- 
dations of the Mississippi probably caused its decay. Before 
the outbreak of the War between the States the site of Locopo- 
lis was in cultivation. Since that time it has been covered by a 
thick growth of trees and shrubs. 

Tippah County. 

Orizaba. 71 — In 1837 a large Cumberland Presbyterian church 
was organized seven miles south of Ripley, the county seat of 
Tippah county. This was among the first church organiza- 
tions in that county. Around it grew a village containing one 
hundred and fifty inhabitants in its palmiest days. It had a 
flourishing Masonic Lodge, a fine school, five business houses, 
and the shops and industries usually found in a country village 
at that time. 

In the early 50's Orizaba did much business with the sur- 

70 Article entitled "Early Days in Tallahatchie," published in The 
Democratic Herald (Charleston, Miss.), April 25, 1901. 

71 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. Joel A. 
Hearne and Dr. E. M. Alexander, of Ripley, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 373 

rounding country, which was occupied by a large number of 
prosperous planters. Laird, Wear, Noah Roberts, W. T. Rat- 
liff, and Robert I. Hill were the principal merchants. This place 
also had a drug store and blacksmith shops. Its physicians 
were Dr. Laird, Magill, Ford, Ellis, and King. It also had a 
Masonic lodge and a Cumberland Presbyterian church, both of 
which had a large membership. During the War between the 
States the business men of Orizaba either died or removed to 
other places. With the abolition of slavery the planters who 
had supported this village were financially ruined. What com- 
pleted its destruction was the building of a great female college 
(1869), by the late Gen. M. P. Lowrey, at Blue Mountain, three 
miles to the northwest, and the building of the Gulf and Chicago 
railroad. Mr. Hearne, in writing of the final destruction of 
Orizaba, says that "the last business that was done there was 
to burn all its stores and outbuildings in 1882." 

Orizaba still retains a post office. Magistrates' courts are 
also held there, but under the tall oaks, as the church and lodge 
hall and other houses are gone. All of its old citizens are dead. 

Ruckersville. 72 — About the year 1842 two brothers, John and 
Daniel Finger, established a blacksmith shop and a drygoods 
store where the Ripley and Pocahontas and Salem public roads 
cross. The place was known as Finger's Cross Roads. 

About the year 1846, Dr. Charles Rucker, an able physician, 
bought a home at Finger's Cross Roads and put up a drug 
store. The place soon took the name "Ruckersville." By this 
time a post office had been established and business increased 
until the village bade fair to develop into a thriving town. 

In 1847 a licensed whisky saloon was established. From that 
date until the War between the States no improvement was 
made in the town. It became noted as a place where men of 
sporting and drinking propensities met. Discord and riot were 
the leading features of its history during this period. A living 
witness remembers having seen horses stand hitched for two or 
three days without food or drink, while the miserable masters 
engaged in drunken debauches. 

The war closed out business of all sort. After the war, Fant, 
Gibbs & Company ran a thriving business in the line of dry- 

72 This sketch was kindly furnished by Mr. J. M. Stephens, of Ripley, 
Miss., County Superintendent of Education of Tippah county. 



374 Mississippi Historical Society. 

goods and groceries until a railroad was built from Middleton, 
Tenn., to Ripley, Miss. This road ran within five miles of 
Ruckersville and absorbed the business so completely that 
Fant, Gibbs & Company moved to the railroad. This was in 
1876. C. C. Rucker, son of Dr. Chas. Rucker, kept a small 
stock of goods and the post office for a few years. For fifteen 
years or more there has not been even a post office at Ruckers- 
ville to perpetuate the name of the place. 

Tate County. 

Tatumsville. 73 — The little village of Tatumsville, located two 
miles west and one-half a mile north of Senatobia, was founded 
by Herbert Tatum. It probably had a total population of not 
more than seventy-five or one hundred at the time of its great- 
est prosperity. It had a blacksmith shop, a cabinetmaker's 
shop, and a saddler's shop. Among the citizens of this place 
were Dr. John T. Atkinson, Jack Browder, and Col. Wm. Fer- 
ney. At this place Herbert Tate shot and killed Dr. Woodard 

The cemetery at this place is "one of the oldest and most 
neglected in the county." Mr. French says that from the center 
of some of the graves trees are growing with a diameter of 
eighteen to thirty inches, and that from the center of other 
graves clusters of trees, half a dozen or more in number, are- 
found with a diameter of six to eighteen inches. He also says 
that many hundred dollars' worth of marble monuments and 
substantial iron railing, and gates that once adorned this beau- 
tiful cemetery now stand in the native forest, which has grown 
up since the decay of the village. 

The decay of Tatumsville was caused by the building of the 
Mississippi and Tennessee railroad. When this road was com- 
pleted to Senatobia a great barbecue was given on the Fourth 
of July, 1855. This latter place absorbed the population of 
Tatumsville, Tatum being the first man to move. Others soon 
followed, moving not only goods, but buildings. In 1857 the 
last firm, Ward & Williams, moved its stock of goods and 'its 
house, thus hopelessly breaking up old Tatumville. The church 
and Masonic lodge were moved to Senatobia soon after the 
War between the States. 

73 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. W. A. 
French, of Senatobia, Miss. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 375 

Tatesville.— Tatumsville had a formidable rival in another 
Tillage, Tatesville, which is also extinct. This latter village was 
situated two miles west and one and one-half miles north of Sen- 
atobia. It was founded by the Hon. Thos. Simpson Tate, a State 
Senator (1872-4), for whom the county was named. Like his 
competitor, Herbert Tatum, Mr. Tate did a general mercantile 
business. His brother-in-law, John Arnold, was later associated 
with him in his business under the firm name of Tate & Arnold. 
At this place George B. Woollard had a cabinetmaker's shop 
and a blacksmith shop, and James Barbee had a saddlery and 
harness shop. Mr. James M. Williams, of Senatobia, is the only 
person living in Tate county who was a resident of old Tates- 
ville. The total population at the time of its greatest prosperity 
was not over seventy-five or a hundred. 

The decay of this place was produced by the same cause as 
that which brought ruin to its rival. The sites of both of these 
are now swallowed up in large farms. 

Tunica County. 

Austin. — The only information the writer has been able to 

get on the old town of Austin is the following : 

"The former county seats of Tunica county were all on the Missis- 
sippi river, and Austin at one time was a most important town, having 
a population of over 2,000, and doing a large river and inland trade. 
There was also built, in 1868, an expensive court house, costing some 
$35,000. That building still stands in the deserted and dismantled town, 
and reminds the visitor of other days when the bustle and confusion 
of trade and traffic rilled the streets." 74 

Union County. 

Alberson. 75 — The village of Alberson received its name from 
the first citizen and trader who settled at this place. It was 
situated a short distance north of New Albany and a little west 
of the Gulf and Chicago railroad. Before the Indians were re- 
moved from this part of the State, Alberson developed into an 
important trading post. 

Booker Foster owned the southern part and Moses Collins 
the northern part of the village. The former of these mer- 
chants continued in business at this place until 1844. So fond 

74 Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. 
I., page 252. 

75 The information upon which this sketch is based was kindly fur- 
nished the writer by Mr. Joel A. Hearne, of Ripley, Miss., and by Dr. 
Samuel A. Agnew, of Bethany, Lee county, Miss. 



376 Mississippi Historical Society. 

were the Indians of strong drink that during the early history 
of Alberson whisky was its leading staple. John N. Wiley con- 
ducted a general mercantile business here until 1843. Powers 
and Morgan manufactured wheat fans at this place from 1839 
to 1844. In 1843 tne Masonic fraternity organized a lodge at 
Alberson. 

In 1840 Moses Collins built an excellent grist mill and saw- 
mill at the site of the present town of New Albany. Several 
business houses soon sprang up at this place, many firms re- 
moving to it from Alberson. In a few years Alberson was num- 
bered among the villages of the past. We are told that there 
is not now any trace or sign of this place to be seen. All of its 
former citizens are dead. 

Myrtle. 76 — The history of old Myrtle begins with the year 
1857. Moses Parker conducted school here at an early date, 
arid at the close of the session gave his pupils and friends a 
"candy stew." In preparing the candy, so the story goes, the 
participants got their hands "stuck up" with the molasses, water 
being scarce. In order to get rid of the molasses they rubbed 
their hands on the leaves and shrubs, blades of grass, etc., so 
that the hill was "smeared with candy." From this incident the 
place came to be known as "Candy Hill." After the War be- 
tween the States, Hill and Murray engaged in the mercantile 
business here. W. C. and B. F. Whittington afterwards erected 
another store. A post office was also established at this place, 
which then dropped the name of "Candy Hill" and took the 
name of Myrtle. It had an excellent school conducted by Mr. 
Chosen Myers. When the Kansas City, Memphis and Bir- 
mingham railroad was built the post office and business houses 
were removed to a station which was also called Myrtle, two 
miles north of old Myrtle. The school building at the old place 
was burned. Old Myrtle is now called "Avenell" and still has 
a post office and a little store. 

Warren County. 
Warrenton. 77 — The first county seat (1809-1836), of Warren 

76 The facts upon which this sketch is based were derived from Mr. 
Joel A. Hearne, of Ripley, Miss. 

77 The following sketch is based upon information obtained from the 
late Judge H. F. Simrall. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 377 

county was Warrenton. It was situated on the Mississippi 
river, ten or twelve miles south of Vicksburg. At this place the 
first company was formed in 1819 for the purpose of construct- 
ing local lines of levees to protect the adjoining plantations 
from the overflows of the Mississippi river. In 1812 "large 
quantities of cotton" were exported from Warrenton. In 1820 
the place was incorporated by the Legislature of the State. As 
late as 1861 the town had a population of six or eight hundred. 
For years before that time, however, it had slowly dwindled in 
population and in business, the county court house having been 
moved to Vicksburg in 1836. The channel of the river has 
changed at this place, making a great bend just above the old 
town, so that boats cannot now land within one-half mile of the 
former wharf. The site of this extinct town is now covered by 
a dense growth of willows. The Yazoo and Mississippi Valley 
railroad passes within one-half a mile of the place. 

Washington County. 

Princeton. — When Washington county was originally organ- 
ized in 1800, Princeton was made its first seat of justice. This 
place was located on the Mississippi river about ten miles above 
the boundary of the present county of Washington. In the 
early part of the nineteenth century Princeton, or Princetown, 
was an important business place. At the time of its greatest 
prosperity it had a population of about six hundred. 

When old Washington county was divided in 1827, the county 
seat was removed to old Greenville. From that date Princeton 
rapidly declined. We are told that "S. B. Lawson was one of 
the last merchants of the place," and that "in 1868 he sold the 
town site and remaining buildings to a colored man for $I25. 78 

Greenville. — The old town of Greenville in Washington coun- 
ty was situated about a mile south of the present flourishing 
city of that name. When Washington county was divided, cre- 
ating the different counties now in the Yazoo delta, the county 
seat was removed from Princeton to Greenville. The follow- 

"After the late war the legislature passed an act ordering the board 
of supervisors of the county to locate the new county seat within three 
miles of the old site, old Greenville having mostly caved into the river, 
or been destroyed during the war." 79 

78 Goodspeed's Memoirs of Mississippi, Vol. I., p. 213. 

79 See Goodspeed's Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, 
Vol. I., p. 213. 



37 8 Mississippi Historical Society. 

ing information about old Greenville is taken from Goodspeed's 

Memoirs : 

Wayne County. 

Winchester. — The town of Winchester was eighty-three miles 
from Mobile. It was once a flourishing place, being the county 
seat of Wayne county. The court house, built of pine lumber 
of the best quality, in 1822, was still standing a few years ago, 
"solitary and alone" and unoccupied. Except that building, 
not a vestige of the town remains to be seen. The want of hotel 
accommodations during the terms of the courts, caused the 
removal of the county seat to Waynesboro on the Mobile and 
Ohio railroad about seven or eight miles north. 

It is said that at one time Winchester had twenty business 
houses and enjoyed a large trade, having no competing trading 
points near. It was situated on a beautiful level site, covered 
with large oak and other shade trees, about one mile from the 
Chickasawhay river and near a beautiful and never-failing creek 
of the purest water. It was on the great thoroughfare from the 
Carolinas and Georgia via St. Stephens on the Tombigbee to 
Natchez on the Mississippi. 

Winchester in its early days had for its residents and citizens 
many distinguished men. Among them were Gen. James Pat- 
ton, who had charge of the fort at Winchester at the time of the 
Ft. Mim's massacre, and who afterwards became Lieutenant 
Governor ; Powhattan Ellis, U. S. Senator and minister to Mex- 
ico; Judge Thomas A. Willis; Judge Thomas S. Sterling; John 
A. Grimball, Secretary of State; John H. Mallory, Auditor of 
Public Accounts; Thos. L. Sumrall and Samuel W. Dickson, 
Register and receiver of U. S. Land Office at Mt. Salres (Clin- 
ton), Gen. Thomas P. Falconer; Judge John H. Rollins; Gov. 
John J. McRae, and James A. Home, Secretary of State. 

There is a station by the name of Winchester on the Mobile 
and Ohio railroad near where the old town once existed. A 
steam mill is close by and perhaps a few business houses. 

Webster County. 
Greensboro. 80 — The first county seat of Webster county was 
Greensboro, which was located in Section 8, T. 19, R. 9, E. The 
inhabitants of this place, about 250 in number, were noted for 

80 This sketch is based upon information derived from Mr. S. B. 
Dobbs, of Chester, Miss., Circuit Clerk of Choctaw county. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 379 

their hospitality. They were especially kind to the members 
of the Legislature from this and the northern part of the State, 
who were accustomed to pass through Greensboro on their way 
to Jackson. There were at this place two or three saloons. 
After filling their saddlebags with the best whiskey, the legis- 
lators would take the old Natchez Trace for Jackson, a dis- 
tance of 120 miles. They would make the entire journey on 
horseback in groups of twenty or thirty. 

Among the most prominent citizens of Greensboro during her 
greatest prosperity were J. V. Steen, Wiley Marshall, Frank 
Liddell, T. N. Davis, John Nolen, Capt. J. B. Dunn, Col. Wm. 
Brantly, and J. J. Campbell. The place had about ten business 
houses. Dry goods and groceries were hauled in wagons from 
Greenwood, a distance of sixty-five miles, or Columbus, a dis- 
tance of forty-five miles. 

The courts that formerly met at Greensboro were always im- 
portant gatherings, since their jurisdiction extended over the 
present counties of Choctaw, Webster, and a part of Montgom- 
ery and other counties. They were attended by such lawyers as 
J. Z. George, Reuben Davis, E. C. Walthall, Wiley P. Harris, 
and Bob Hudson. 

During the war the town was burned by the Union soldiers. 
After the burning of the courthouse in 1871, the Legislature 
moved the county seat of Choctaw to Lagrange. Greensboro 
then began to decay. In her last days the saloons had full sway, 
and she became noted for her desperate characters and the 
crimes committed within her limits. During the life of this 
place twenty-three men were killed within its limits. Yet there 
was only one legal execution here during this time. 

At present the site of the old town is one of the most dilap- 
idated looking places in that part of the State. The old log 
jail, built in 1839 or 1840, is still standing. There is nothing 
else worthy of note except "gullies and ditches" from four to 
fifty feet deep. And, if the .sand from underneath the surface 
continues to wash and flow away for the next twenty years as it 
has in the past, there will be nothing left of old Greensboro but 
a hole in the ground. 

Yalobusha County. 

Hendersonville. — The town of Hendersonville was built four 
miles south of the present town of Coffeeville, near a small trib- 



380 Mississippi Historical Society. 

utary of the Yalobusha river. It occupied the site of an old In- 
dian village. 

Capt. Lake gives the following account of this town, which 
was his home for a short time in 1834: 

"It was here that Col. T. C. McMacken, the celebrated hotel keeper, 
in the early history of North Mississippi, began his career. The mer- 
cantile firms of this town in 1834 were: Martin, Edwards & Co., John 
H. McKenney, Armour, Lake & Bridges, H. S. and W. Lake, and Mc- 
Cain & Co. The physicians of the town at that date were Thomas 
Vaughn, Robert Malone and Murkerson. The following citi- 
zens were then living at that place: Thomas B. Ives, Murdock Ray, 
justice of the peace; Stephen Smith, blacksmith; Alfred McCaslin, 
blacksmith, and Joshua Weaver, constable. This town aspired to be 
the county seat of Yalobusha county, but failed in this, the seat of 
justice being located at Coffeeville, which was nearer the center of the 
county. Hendersonville then went down and ultimately lost its name, 
being absorbed in a farm known as 'Oakchickamau/ which was owned 
by Franklin E. Plummer. The names of this farm and of the county 
seat, Coffeeville, were later associated together in a stanza of poetry 
written by one E. Percy, an editor who settled at Coffeeville at an early 
date. Becoming very much incensed against the citizens of Coffeeville, 
he moved away, and afterwards wrote the following piece of doggerel: 
" Upon a hill near Derden's Mill, 

There is a place called Coffeeville; 
The meanest town I ever saw 

Save Plummer's town, 'Oakchickamau.' " S1 

Sardinia. 82 — The town of Sardinia was located on the Craig 
plantation in Yalobusha county near the Yacona river, one mile 
north of the present church of Sardinia. It had two or three 
mercantile firms and was a good business point during the flush 
times. It was a smaller place, however, than Pharsalia, which 
sprang up on the same river a few miles below. The popula- 
tion of Sardinia at the time of its greatest prosperity was about 
one hundred and fifty. The Bradfords, Kuykendalls, Bensons, 
Craigs, Carringtons, Reeds, and Dr. Moore lived at or near this 
place. A Cumberland Presbyterian church was built here at 
an early date. Col. Kendle had a bank at Sardinia in the 30's. 
This town had disappeared by 1856. The principal cause of its 
death was the rivalry of the towns along the old Mississippi 
and Tennessee (now Illinois Central) railroad. Part of the 
former site of the place is in cultivation, the rest is furrowed 
by "gullies" and ditches. 

81 See Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, Vol. III., page 

82 The information on which this sketch is based was derived from 
Mrs. Rowland, of Oxford, Miss., and Messrs. J. A. Kuykendall and 
John M. Kuykendall, of Harrison Station. 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 381 

Preston. 83 — The village of Preston was situated near Scobey, 
in Yalobusha county, and about fourteen miles north of Gren- 
ada. It was settled about 1835 and at the time of its greatest 
prosperity, had a population of about two hundred and fifty. In 
1840 it was incorporated by the Legislature. Some of the in- 
habitants were the Simmons family, the Harpers, the Bridgers, 
the Townes and the Calhouns. Doctors Sutton, Payne, Neville 
and Calhoun were the local physicians and the Rev. Hayward, 
the resident Baptist minister. At one time Preston contained 
about half a dozen stores. Among its business firms were Duke 
and Co., and Evans and Co. It also had an excellent school. 
The town began to decay about 1858, when most of its inhab- 
itants removed to Garner (now Scobey), on the Mississippi and 
Tennessee (now Illinois Central) railroad. There was probably 
only one store left in the place in 1867, and a few months later 
it was finally abandoned. The only residence now standing on 
the site of old Preston is the Simmons residence, now occupied 
by Mr. J. D. Crenshaw. 

Yazoo County. 

Beattie's Bluff. 84 — When the county of Yazoo was first cre- 
ated (1832) Beattie's Bluff, which was twelve or fifteen miles 
northwest of Canton, was made the seat of justice. The court- 
house, stores, and other buildings were made of hewn logs. In 
1829 the county seat was moved to Benton and the town of 
Beattie's Bluff dwindled away. Not a vestige of the place is left 
at the present day, the old site being a cultivated field. 

Benton. — In 1828 William Y. Gadberry removed to Yazoo 
county from South Carolina and entered a tract of land upon 
which he built a log house for his residence. This was the be- 
ginning of the town of Benton, which in 1829 was made county 
seat of Yazoo county. The place developed very rapidly and 
became the center of trade for a large section of country. In 
1836 it was incorporated by the Legislature. Other acts of the 
Legislature which relate to the charter of this place bear the fol- 

83 The information on which this sketch is based was furnished to the 
writer by Capt. L. Lake, of Oxford, Miss.; Messrs. W. C. Mitchell, 
John M. Kuykendall, of Harrison Station, Miss., and Mr. J. H. Dame, 
of Tillatoba, Miss. 

84 The writer has received much valuable information on the history 
of Beattie's Bluff, Madisonville, Benton, Rankin, Livingston, and Ver- 
non, from Robert Bowman, Esq., of Yazoo City, Miss. 



382 Mississippi Historical Society. 

lowing dates : 1837, 1842 and 1846. In a few years the first 
courthouse, which was built of logs, was replaced by a beauti- 
ful two-story brick building. A school house, churches, and 
elegant residences were erected at this place. Among its lead- 
ing resident lawyers were R. S. Holt, I. R. Burus, and Ronan 
Harden. Among the prominent merchants of this place were 
Fisher, James Rosslen, E. and N. O'Reilly, R. T. Jen- 
nings, Alex. McGaughey, and Jas. Blundell. 

In 1849 tne seat of justice of Yazoo county was removed to 
Yazoo City. Mr. Bowman says that "with the removal of the 
county seat, Benton began to decline and each year its popula- 
tion lessens, and the few houses left are dilapidated, dingy, de- 
caying, and tumbling down. Its population is about forty or 
fifty. It has two or three small stores, which do a limited 
neighborhood business." 



ALPHABETICAL LIST OF THE EXTINCT TOWNS OF 

MISSISSIPPI. 

The places marked with a dagger are still post offices. 
The words marked with an asterisk still survive in the names of 
other towns in the county in which the original places existed. 

Alamatchat (Lauderdale). Carrollville (Prentiss). 

Alberson (Union). Centerville (Amite). 

Amsterdam (Hinds). Chocchuma (Grenada). 

Antibank (Hinds). Coar's Springs (Copiah). 

Athens (Monroe). Cornerville (Benton). 

Attala ville (Attala). Cohatta (Tishomingo). 

Auburn (Hinds). "Coonbox" (Jefferson). 

Adamsville (Panola). Cotton Gin Port (Monroe). 

Bankstonf (Choctaw). Dalevillef (Landerdale). 

Beattie's Bluff (Yazoo), Danvillef (Alcorn). 

Belmont* (Panola). Eaton (Lafayette). 

Belmonte (Wayne). Enterprise* (Clarke). 

Bentont (Yazoo). Farmington (Alcorn). 

Berryville (Scott). Folsom (Oktibbeha). 

Biloxi (see Old Biloxi). Fairfield (Smith). 

Boneyard (Alcorn). Gainsvillef (Hancock). 
Bouncetown (See Boundstown). Fordsville (Marion). 

Boundstown (Noxubee). Gallatinf (Copiah). 
Bowling Green (See Middleton). Garlandvillef (Jasper). 

Brandywinef (Claiborne). Georgeville (Holmes). 

Brookhaven* (Copiah). Georgetownf (Copiah). 

Bruinsburg (Claiborne). Gerenton (Carroll). 

Burkettsville (Attala). Grand Gulff (Claiborne). 

Burtonton (Copiah). Greensboro (Webster). 

Cammel's Town (Alcorn). Greenville* (Washington). 

Candy Hill (See Myrtle). Greenville (Jefferson). 

Capehorn (Prentiss). Guytonf (Tippah). 



Extinct Towns and Villages. 



383 



Hamburg (Hinds). 
Hamilton* (Monroe). 
Harrisburg (Lee). 
Hendersonville (Yalobusha). 
Holmesvillef (Pike). 
Hudsonville* (Marshall). 
Huntley (See Greenville). 
Jackson Springs (Jackson). 
Johnsonville (Sun Flower). 
Jumpertown (Prentiss). 
Kingstonf (Adams). 
Lamarf (Benton). 
La Grangef (Choctaw). 
Leflore (Carroll) 
Livingstonf (Madison). 
Liverpool (Yazoo). 
Locopolis (Tallahatchie). 
Madisonville (Madison). 
Malcolm (Jefferson). 
Marion* (Lauderdale). 
Marion (Carroll). 
McNuttf (Leflore). 
Miltonville (Wayne). 
Middleton (Carroll). 
Mitchell's Bluff (See Wyatt). 
Montgomery (Holmes). 
Myrtle* (Union). 
Notarchucky (Prentiss). 
New Town (Hinds). 
Old Biloxi (Jackson). 
Old Town (See Alamatcha). 
Orchardsville (See Greenville). 
Orangeburg (Covington). 
Owensville (Prentiss). 
Orion (Scott). 
Orizabaf (Tippah). 
Oxford (See Middleton). 
Palo Alto (Clay). 
Panola* (Panola). 
Patofa (Leflore). 
Pharsalia (Tallahatchie). 
Pikeville* (Chickasaw). 
Pinckneyville (See Greenville). 
Pinkney (Newton). 
Point Leflore (Leflore). 



Pontotoc* (Pontotoc). 
Port Royal (Coahoma). 
Prairie Mount (Chickasaw). 
Prentiss (Bolivar). 
Pearl Valley (Neshoba). 
Preston (Yalobusha). 
Princeton (Washington). 
Rankin (Holmes). 
Richmond (Rankin). 
Ruckerville (Tippah). 
Runnellsville (Madison). 
Salemf (Benton). 
Sardinia (Yalobusha). 
Sawyerville (Lauderdale). 
Scooba* (Kemper). 
Selsertown (Jefferson). 
Shankstown (Jefferson). 
Summerville (Noxubee). 
Shongala (Carroll). 
Spencer (Scott). 
Springfield (Choctaw). 
Tallaloosa (Marshall). 
Tatomsville (Tate). 
Totonsville (Tate). 
Tatesville (Tate). 
Troy (See Danville). 
Troy (Grenada). 
Tuscahoma (Tallahatchie). 
Taylors (Scott). 
Union Town (Jefferson). 
Valena (Attala). 
Van Buren (Ittawamba). 
Vernon (Holmes). 
Vernon (Madison). 
Victoria (Bolivar). 
Victoria (Pontotoc). 
Wahalak* (Kemper). 
Warrentonf (Warren). 
Waterfordf (Marshall). 
West Fulton (Ittawamba). 
Wheeling (Ittawamba). 
Whitefield (Oktibbeha). 
Williamsburg (Madison). 
Winchester* (Wayne). 
Wyatt (Lafayette). 



25 



SECTION 2. BATTLEFIELDS AND OTHER HISTORIC 

PLACES. 

The following list of places in Mississippi which were scenes 
of conflict in the war between the States is taken from a pamph- 
let entitled "The South's Battle Abbey :" 

Corinth, April 8, 1862; May 17, 1862, and Oct. 3 and 4, 1862. 

Farmington, May 3, 1862. 

Glendale, May 8, 1862. 

Metamora, Oct. 5, 1862. 

Rienzi and Kossuth, Aug. 26, 1862. 

Iuka, Sept. 19 and 20, 1862, and July 7 and 9, 1863. 

Booneville, May 30, 1862, and July 1, 1862. 

Blackland, June 4, 1862. 

Ripley and Moscow Station, Dec. 1 to 4, 1863. 

Holly Springs, Dec. 20, 1862; May 24, 1864, and Aug. 27 and 28, 1864. 

Hudsonville, Nov. 8, 1862. 

Davis Mills, Dec. 21, 1862. 

Hernando and Coldwater, April 18 and 19, 1863. 

Coldwater, Sept. 10, 1862, and Aug. 21, 1863. 

Coahoma Co., Aug. 2, 1862. 

Abbeville, Oxford and Hurricane Creek, Aug. 7 to 14, 1864. 

College, or Oxford Hill, Aug. 21 and 22, 1864. 

Abbeville, Aug. 23, 1864. 

Wyatt's and Ingram's Mills, Oct. 12 and 18, 1863. 

Brice's Cross Roads (near Guntown), June 10, 1864. 

Bay Springs, or Vincent's Cross Roads, Oct. 26, 1863. 

Egypt Station, Dec. 28, 1864. 

Prairie Station, Feb. 21, 1863. 

CofTeeville, Dec. 5, 1862. 

Grenada, Aug. 13, 1863. 

Port Pemberton (near Greenwood), Mar. 13, to April 5, 1863. 
Vicksburg and Vicinity — 

Vicksburg United States Fleet, June 26 to 29, 1862; Siege, May 18 
to July 4, 1863; Battle, July 4, 1864. 

Chickasaw Bayou, Dec. 28 and 29, 1862. 

Mississippi River, below Vicksburg, Feb. 24, 1863. 

Champion Hills, May 16, 1863. 

Big Black River, May 17, 1863. 

Port Gibson, May 1, 1863. 

Rodney and Port Gibson, Dec. 17 to 26, 1863. 

Coleman's Plantation, July 4 and 5, 1864. 

Grand Gulf, April 29, 1863, July 16 and 17, 1864. 

Natchez, May 13, 1862; July 8, 1863, and Nov. 11, 1863. 

Raymond, May 12, 1863. 

Bolton and Birdsong Ferry, July 4 and 5, 1863. 

Canton, July 17, 1863. 

Canton, Brownsville, and Clinton, Oct. 15 to 18, 1863. 

Near Canton, Feb. 27 and 28, 1864. 

Yazoo City, July 13, 1863. 

Yazoo City expedition, including Benton and Vaughn, May 4 to 13, 
1864. 

Yazoo River expedition, Feb. 1 to March 8, 1864. 

Franklin, Jan. 2, 1865. 






Battlefields and Other Historic Places. 385 

Jackson, May 14, 1863. 

Jackson, Bolton Depot, Canton, and Clinton, July 9 to 16, 1863. 

Expedition from Vicksburg to Meridian, with engagements at Cham- 
pion Hills, (16); Raymond, (19); Clinton, (20); Jackson, (23) ; De- 
catur, (24) ; Chunkey Station, (24), and occupation of Meridian, (25) ; 
Lauderdale, (26); Marion, (26); Feb. 3 to March 5, 1864. 

Summerville, Nov. 26, 1862. 

Hurricane Creek, Oct. 23, 1864. 

Mr. John H. Evans, of DeSoto, Miss., has prepared a manu- 
script sketch giving the location and a minute description of the 
Choctaw Missionary Station at Emmaus in Clarke county, 
Mississippi, March 15, 1901. 

In "Last Indian Council on the Noxubee River," by H. S. 
Halbert, has given the location and description of the Choctaw 
Agency in Oktibbeha county and the Choctaw Council House 
on the Noxubee river. 

Rev. W. W. Moore, Daleville, Miss., has identified Gen. Sam. 
Dale's grave. Mr. H. S. Halbert has made diligent inquiry in 
regard to Gen. Dale's papers, but has failed to find them. 

Mr. H. S. Halbert has the following papers in preparation : 

1. Story of the treaty of Dancing Rabbit, with a general description 
of the treaty ground and a minute description of the council ground, 
where the treaty was made and signed. 

2. Historical sketches of the Choctaw towns on Bernard Roman's 
Map of 1772, giving their location. To this will be added an appendix, 
giving an account of some Choctaw towns not recorded on Roman's 
Map. 

3. An account of Choctaw Trails. 

4. Etymology of Indian names, water courses, and localities in Mis- 
sissippi. 

Historic Places. 

New Albany, Union county thought by Dr. Agnew to be the 
site of Alibamo, the place from which DeSoto was forced to 
retire in May, 1541. 

Near Bethanny, Lee county, lived Tishomingo, an eminent 
chief of the Indians (Chickasaws). 

Little Rock, Ark., is the burial place of Tishomingo. He 
died there on his way to the Territory, and not at Iuka, Miss., 
as many say. 

The Chickasaw King lived a few miles southwest of New Al- 
bany at what was once known as the Brewster Place. 

The town in which D'Artoguette perished is thought to have 
been located in Union county. 

The Old Indian Council House is about 200 yards east of 
the S. W. corner of S. E. \ of section 27, T. 10, R. 3, — 51J miles 
south of Pontotoc. The old Natchez Trace passes near this 
Council House. 



386 Mississippi Historical Society. 

Ledbetter Place on Big Black river is the site of the first 
Court House of Yazoo Co. Benton the site of the second 
Court House and Yazoo City of the third, 1850. The old Ben- 
ton Court house was burned by the Federal soldiers 1863. 

The old Navy Yard below Yazoo City was the scene of the 
blowing up of the Gun Boat, "DeKalb." 

White's place four miles above Yazoo City, was the scene 
of the capture of the Flag Ship, "Petral," by Gen. Wirt Adams. 

Sandy Springs Church, one mile east of Blue Mountain, is 
the burial place of Mrs. Nancy McCain, widow of a Revolu- 
tionary soldier. There is a short sketch of her, by Dr. E. M. 
Alexander in the Historical Society Archives. 

Macedonia Grave Yard, one mile north of Blue Mountain 
holds the remains of John Riley, a veteran of the Revolution. 
There is a short sketch of him in the Mississippi Historical So- 
ciety Archives. 

Gen'l M. P. Lowrey is buried about a mile from Blue Moun- 
tain at Macedonia Grave Yard. 

Genl Samuel Benton and Judge Orlando Davis are buried 
at Holly Springs. 

Hon. John W. Thompson is buried in Rucker Grave Yard 
four miles east of Ripley. 

Runnels Creek, Lawrence county, named for Harmon Run- 
nels, one of the pioneers of the county and the father of Gov. 
Runnels. 

La Cache, home of Blennerhasset, seven miles from Port Gib- 
son. 

Jefferson county. — In it is to be found: 

1. The first brick structure, a dwelling, built in Mississippi Territory. 

2. The house in which Andrew Jackson was married. 

3. The house in which Aaron Burr was held (Calveton) is twelve 
miles west of Fayette. 

_ 4._ The remains of old Fort Yazoo, built on the banks of the Mis- 
sissippi river, now many miles distant. 

5. A monument to Frederick Rex Whitney (one of John Paul Jones* 
men) erected by U. S. Government. 

6. Monument to Adam Rum erected by State Legislature. 

The old house in which Gen. Bedford Forest lived when a 
young man still stands in Hernando, Miss. 



INDEX. 



This index is complete with the exception that the individual names 
in the Claiborne collection and the names of the counties and towns 
in the section devoted to the extinct towns and villages are not pre- 
sented. These names appear in alphabetical order under their 
proper head. 



Aboriginal and Indian history, 
297-309. 
Indian tribes of Mississippi, 

The small, 302-308. 
Prehistoric remains, published 
accounts of, 297-301. 

Act creating Mississippi Histor- 
ical Commission, 5. 

Adams, Stephen, papers of, 231. 

Adams, T. A. S., papers of, 231. 

Adjutant General, 135. 

Afflect, Thomas, papers of, 231. 

Agnew, Samuel A., private col- 
lector, 269. 

Alabama Historical Society, 75. 

Alabama State Archives, 71-72, 
75. 

Alcorn A. & M. College Westside, 
170. 

Alcorn, James Lusk, papers of, 
232. 

Alexander, Dr. E. M., papers of, 
232. 

Alphabetical list of extinct 
towns in Mississippi, 382-383. 

American Antiquarian Society, 
76-77. 

American Board of Commission- 
ers for Foreign Missions, 77. 

American Philosophical Society, 
77. 

American Revolution, Daughters 
of, 21. 

Appendix, showing importance 
of recommendations, 43-47. 

Attorney General, 132. 

Auditor's Eecords, 128. 



Baptist Historical Society of 
Mississippi, 20. 

Battlefields and other historic 
places, 384-386. 

Bay St. Louis, 140-141. 

Beer, William, 53. 

Benevolent and Miscellaneous As- 
sociations, 169. 

Berryhill, S. Newton, papers of, 
232. 

Bienville, papers of, 233. 



Biloxi, 141. 

Blount, William, papers of, 233\ 

Bowling Green Co-operative As- 
sociation, 164. 

Bowling Green Grange, No. 206, 
163. 

Bowman, Bobert, papers of, 233. 

Brame, George, papers of, 234. 

Brandon, Gerard Chittocque, 234. 

Brooke, Walter, 234. 

Burr, Original warrant for ar- 
rest of, 123. 



Callava papers, 221. 
Campbell, Judge J. A. P., 121. 
Cataloguing of Historical Mater- 
ials, 19. 
Carroll, Thomas B., papers of, 

234. 
Chicago Public Library, 78. 
Chicago University Library, 79. 
Church Organizations, 156. 
Claiborne Collection, 203-227. 
Books and Newspapers, 227. 
Callava papers, 221. 
Dunbar, Manuscripts of Sir 

William, 222. 
Early times in Natchez and 

Mississippi Territory, 219. 
Elder, William Henry, 222. 
Guion letters and papers, 219. 
Important papers, 224-226. 
Letters relating to Indian wars, 

220-221. 
Marshall, Bev. Dr. C. K., 222. 
Mexican War papers, 221. 
Miscellaneous Documents, 222- 

224. 
Miscellaneous Letters, 203-218. 
Miscellaneous pamphlets — Filed 

226-227. 
Natchez Fencibles, 221. 
Pictures, 227. 
Poindexter letters and papers, 

218. 
Sevier letters and papers, 219. 
Smylie, Bev. D. J., correspon- 
dence of, 221. 
"Very Interesting" pamphlets 
and papers, 224. 



3 88 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



Claiborne, Ferdinand Leigh, pa- 
pers of, 235. 
Claiborne, John Francis Eam- 
tranck, private collector, 270. 
Claiborne, Nathaniel Herbert, 

235. 
Claiborne, William Charles Cole, 

papers of, 235. 
Clark, Charles, papers of, 236. 
Clark's Proclamation, 122-123. 
Commission's Eeport to the Gov- 
ernor, 10-47. 
Cataloguing of Historical Ma- 
terials, 19. 
Collecting of Materials, 18. 
Commissioners, Names of, 12. 
Course in History, at University 
of Mississippi, 23-24; Missis- 
sippi Agricultural and Me- 
chanical College, 24; Indus- 
trial Institute and College, 
24; Mississippi College, 25; 
Millsaps College, 26; Hillman 
College, 25; Whitworth Col- 
lege, 26; North Mississippi 
Presbyterian College, 26; 
Blue Mountain Female Col- 
lege, 26; Grenada College, 26; 
Woman's College, 27; Belha- 
ven College, 27; Stanton Col- 
lege, 27; East Mississippi Fe- 
male College, 27; Mississippi 
Normal College, 27; Iuka 
Normal Institute, 27; Jeffer- 
son Military College, 28; Al- 
corn A. and M. College, 28; 
Mississippi State Normal Col- I 
lege, 28; Tougaloo Univer- 
sity, 28; Corinth Graded 
Schools, 28; Kosciusko Grad- 
ed Schools, 29. 
Daughters of American Revo- 
lution, 21. 
Daughters of the Confederacy, 

21. 
Educational Institutions, 22. 
Fostering of Affiliated Local 

Organizations, 19. 
Further Eecommendations, 40. 
Historical Societies, 17-20. 
Historical Work in the State 

at Present, 17. 
Holding of Meetings, 18. 
Individual Efforts, 30. 
Lee, Gen. Stephen D., Letters 

of, 11-13. 
Libraries and Museums, 29. 
Maurepas Historical Society, 
19. 



Mississippi Baptist Historical 

Society, 20. 
Outline of Work, 14-16. 
Patriotic Associations, 21. 
Pontotoc Historical Society, 20. 
Publication of Contributions, 

18. 
Becommendations, 31-41; Col- 
lections of Documents, 32; 
Historical Museum, 33; His- 
torical Art Gallery, 33; His- 
torical Library, 34; Director 
of Archives and History, 34; 
duties of, 35-38; work to be 
intrusted to Secretary of 
Mississippi Historical So- 
ciety, 38-40; Summary and 
Conclusion, 41-42. 
United Confederate Veterans, 
21. 
Conclusion of Eeport, 41-42. 
Conerly, Luke W., papers of, 236. 
Confederacy, Daughters of the, 

21. 
Confederate Memorial Literary 

Society, 79. 
Congress, Library of, 91-96. 
Cossitt Library, 84-85. 
County Offices, 136-139. 

County Eecords prior to 1817, 

136-139. 
Newspapers in the offices of 
the Chancery Clerks, 139. 
County Eecords prior to 1817, 

136-139. 
Cusachs, Gaspar, private collec- 
tor, 271. 



Dale, Sam, papers of, 236. 

Darden, Putnam, papers of, 237. 

Daughters of the Confederacy, 
21. 

Davis, Jefferson, papers of, 237. 

Davis, Joseph E., papers of, 237. 

Davis Mansion, Confederate Bel- 
ies in the, 79-84. 

Davis, Orlando, papers of, 237. 

Davis, Eeuben, papers of, 238. 

Difficulties of Historical Com- 
mission, 3. 

Dowd, William Francis, papers 
of, 238. 

Draper, Lyman Copeland, private 
collector, 271. 

Dunbar, manuscripts of Sir Wil- 
liam, 222. 

Dunbar, Sir William, private col- 
lector, 272. 



Index. 



389 



Duval, Miss Mary Virginia, pri- 
vate collector, 273. 



Early Congresses, papers of, 69. 

Educational Institutions of Mis- 
sissippi, 22. 

Educational Institutions, 156. 

Elder, William Henry, 222. 

Ellett, Henry Thomas, papers of, 
238. 



Ealkner, William Christy, papers 

of, 239. 
Family records, diaries, etc., 266- 

268. 
Featherston, William Scott, pa- 
pers of, 239. 
Federal Archives, 64-69. 

"Appointments and Commis- 
sions, Bureau of," 66. 
Bureau of Bolls and Library, 

64. 
Coast and Geodetic Surveys, 67. 
Court of Claims, 69. 
"Domestic Letters," 66. 
Early Congresses, papers of, 

69. 
General Land Office, 67. 
Harvard University, Biblio- 
graphical Contributions of, 
66. 
Indian Affairs, 69. 
Interior Department, 67. 
Justice, Department of, 68. 
Kohl Collection of Maps, 66. 
Pensions, Bureau of, 68. 
Post Office Department, 67. 
Eecords of Soldiers, 68. 
Secretary of State, 64-66. 
Supreme Court, 69. 
Treasury Department, 67. 
War Department, 66-67. 
Federal Land Office, 148-155. 
Federal Offices, 148-155. 
Jackson, courts of, 151. 
Land Office, 148-151. 
Meridian, courts of, 151. 
Oxford, courts of, 152-155. 
Beceivers, names of, 148. 
Fisk Memorial, 170. 
Florida State Archives, 74. 
Foote, Henry Stuart, papers of, 

239. 
Foreign Offices, Becords of, 51. 
Attic of the Louvre, 55. 
Beer, William, 53. 



Fortier, Prof. Alcee, 57. 

French, B. F., 51. 

French records, 53-60. 

French settlers, 53. 

Haldimand, Frederick, 60. 

Historical Collection of Louis- 
iana, 51. 

Howard Memorial Library at 
New Orleans, 53. 

Jesuit Choctaw Mission, 60. 

Jesuit Relations, 59. 

Lanzas, Sr. Pedro Torres, 52, 
53. 

Margry, Pierre, 53. 

Margry's references, 54. 

Parkman, Francis, 53. 

Becord Office in London, 61. 

Bichard, Edouard, 54, 55, 57. 

Bomans, Bernard, 60. 

Second Spanish Period, 62-63. 

Seville, Collection at, 52. 

Spanish discoveries, 51-52. 

Spanish Exploration, 52-53. 
Forman, B. H., papers of, 240. 
Fortier, Prof. Alcee, 57. 
Freeman, J. T., papers of, 240. 
French, B. F., 51. 
French records, 53-60. 
French settlers, 53. 



Galloway, Charles Betts, private 
collector, 274. 

George, James Z., papers of, 240. 

Georgia State Archives, 72. 

Georgia State Library, 86. 

Governor, Commission's Beport 
to, 10-47. 

Governor's Office, Becords of, 127. 

Greenville, 141-142. 

Green, William Mercer, papers of, 
240. 

Griffith, Bichard, papers of, 241. 

Guion, Isaac, papers of, 241. 

Guion letters and papers, 219. 

Gulf States Jersey Cattle Breed- 
ers' Association, 160. 



Halbert, Henry Sale, private col- 
lector, 274. 

Haldimand, Frederick, 60. 

Hall, William, papers of, 241. 

Hamilton, Peter J., 51. 

Hamm, J. S., papers of, 241. 

Hargrove, Hardy Henry, papers 
of, 241. 



390 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



Harris, William Littleton, papers 

of, 242. 
Harvard University, Bibliograph- 
ical Contributions of, 60. 
Harvard University Library, 86- 

87. 
Eenderson, John, papers of, 242. 
Henderson, John, papers of, 243. 
Hill, Kobert Andrews, papers of, 

243. 
Hindman, Thomas Carmichael, 

papers of, 243. 
Historical Societies of Missis- 
sippi, 17-20. 
Historic Places of Interest in 

Mississippi, 309-386. 
Alphabetical list of extinct 

towns of Mississippi, 382-383. 
Battlefields and other historic 

places, 384-386. 
Map showing" extinct towns 

and villages, opposite page. 
History taught in Mississippi 

Schools, 22-29. 
Holly Springs, 141-142. 
Holmes, David, papers of, 244. 
Holmes County Grange, 164. 
Houston, Locke E., papers of, 244. 
Houston, E. E., and S. A. Jonas, 

papers of, 245. 
Howard Memorial Library, 87-90. 
Howard Memorial Library at 

New Orleans, 53. 
Humphreys, Benjamin G., papers 

of, 244. 

Importance of Becommenda- 
tions, 43-47 a. 

Indian tribes of Mississippi, The 
small, 302-308. 

Indian Wars, letters relating to, 
220-221. 

Interesting and important pa- 
pers, 224-226. 

Iowa State Historical Society, 90. 

Jackson, 142-144. 

Jackson, Courts of, 151. 

Jackson, Dimpsey Pickett, pa- 
pers of, 245. 

Jackson, Unassorted papers in 
state house, 123. 

Jefferson County Planters', Me- 
chanics' and Manufacturers* 
Association, 161-162. 

Jesuit Choctaw Mission, 60. 



Jesuit Relations, 59. 
Jones, John Griffin, private col- 
tor, 275. 



Keirn, Walter Leake, papers of, 

245. 
King, Benjamin, papers of, 245. 
Kohl Collection of Maps, 66. 



Lack, M. H., papers of, 246. . 
Lemar, Lucius Q. C, papers of, 

246. 
Land Office Becords, 129. 
Lanzas, S. Pedro Torres, 52, 53. 
Leake, Walter, papers of, 246. 
Lee, Gen. Stephen D., Letters of, 

11-13. 
LeFlore, Greenwood, papers of, 

246. 
Lewis, Henry, papers of, 247. 
Lewis, W. T., papers of, 247. 
Libraries and Museums, Influ- 
ence of, 29. 
Libraries and Societies, 75-117. 
Alabama Dept. of Archives and 

History, 75. 
Alabama Historical Society, 75. 
American Antiquarian Society, 

76-77. 
American Board of Commis- 
sioners for Foreign Missions, 
77. 
American Philosophical Socie- 
ty, 77. 
Chicago Public Library, 78. 
Chicago University Library, 79. 
Confederate Memorial Literary 

Society, 79. 
Congress, Library of, 91-96. 
Cossitt Library, 84-85. 
Davis Mansion, Confederate 

relics in the, 79-84. 
Mississippi Dept. Confederate 

Museum, relics in, 80-84. 
Georgia Historical Society Li- 
brary, 86. 
Georgia State Library, 86. 
Harvard University Library, 86- 

87. 
Historical Society of Pennsyl- 
vania, Manuscript Collection 
of, 108-109. 
Howard Memorial Library, 87- 

90. 
Iowa State Historical Society, 
90. 



Index. 



39i 



Louisiana Historical Society, 
96-97. 

Louisiana State Library, 97. 

Mississippi manuscripts of Lou- 
isiana Historical Society, 96- 
97. 

Mississippi newspapers in Har- 
vard Library, 86-87. 

Missouri Historical Society, 97. 

New York Historical Society, 
97-105. 

New York Public Library, 106. 

New York State Library, 106- 
108. 

Pennsylvania Historical Socie- 
ty, 108. 

Pennsylvania University Li- 
brary, 109. 

Eelics in Davis Mansion, 79-84. 

Smithsonian Institution, 109- 
110. 

St. Louis Mercantile Library, 
110-113. 

Tennessee Historical Society, 
113-115. 

Texas State Library, 115. 

War Department Library, 116- 
117. 

Wisconsin State Historical So- 
ciety, 117. 
Libraries and Societies, 169-227. 

Alcorn A. & M. College West- 
side, 170. 

Claiborne Collection, 203-227. 

Fisk Memorial, 170. 

Mississippi A. & M. College Li- 
brary, 170-172. 

Mississippi Historical Society, 
173-198. 

Mississippi State Library 
(Jackson), 172-173. 

Mississippi State Normal Col- 
lege Library, 173. 

Mississippi State University Li- 
brary, 198. 
Liddell, Jeff, papers of, 247. 
Limerick, J. A., papers of, 247. 
Lipscomb, W. Lowndes, 247. 
London, Eecord Office in, 61. 
Longstreet, Augustus Baldwin, 

papers of, 248. 
Louisiana, Historical Collections 

of, 51. 
Louisiana Historical Society, 96- 

97. 
Louisiana State Archives, 74. 
Louisiana State Library, 97. 
Love, D. C, papers of, 248. 



Louvre, Attic of the, 55. 
Lowndes County Agricultural 

Fair Association, 161. 
Lowrey, Mark P., papers of, 248. 



Manuscripts, papers and docu- 
ments pertaining to Missis- 
sippi in official repositories 
beyond the state, 51-117. 

Manuscripts, papers and docu- 
ments in private hands, 231- 
293. 

Map, showing the extinct towns 
and villages of Mississippi, 
opposite page. 

Margry, Pierre, 53. 

Marshall, Eev. Dr. C. K., 222. 

Marschalk, Andrew, papers of, 
248. 

Marshall, Charles Kimball, pa- 
pers of, 249. 

Martin, George W., private col- 
lector, 277. 

Martin, Thomas Nelson, papers 
of, 249. 

Matthews, Joseph Warren, pa- 
pers of, 249. 

Maurepas Historical Society, 19. 

Mayes, Edward, private collector, 
279. 

Mayes, Eobert Burns, papers of, 
250. 

McGehee, Edward, papers of, 250. 

McMillan, George S., papers of, 
251. 

McNutt, Alexander Gallatin, pa- 
pers of, 251. 

McQueen, William, papers of, 251. 

McEae, John Johnson, papers of, 
252. 

Mead, Cowles, papers of, 252. 

Mendenhall, T. L., papers of, 253. 

Meridian, 144-146. 

Meridian, courts of, 151. 

Mexican War papers, 221. 

Minor's List of Eecords, 123-127. 

Miscellaneous documents, 222-224. 

Miscellaneous pamphlets, Filed, 
226-227. 

Mississippi A. & M. College Li- 
brary, 170-172. 

Mississippians whose papers 
have not been located, 265- 
266. 

Mississippi Bankers' Associa- 
tion, 159-160. 



392 



Mississippi Historical Society, 



Mississippi Cotton Growers' As- 
sociation, 160 
Mississippi Exposition Associa- 
tion, 160-161. 
Mississippi Federation of Wo- 
men's Clubs, 158. 
Mississippi Historical Commis- 
sion, 3. 
Mississippi Historical Society, 

173-198. 
Mississippi Medical Association, 

156-157. 
Mississippi Newspapers in Har- 
vard Library, 86-87. 
Mississippi Press Association, 

157-158. 
Mississippi State Grange, 165- 

166. 
Mississippi State Library (Jack- 
son), 172-173. 
Mississippi State Normal College 

Library, 173. 
Mississippi State University Li- 
brary, 198. 
Missouri Historical Society, 97z. 
Monette, John Wesley, private 

collector, 280. 
Municipal Offices, 140-147. 
Bay St. Louis, 140-141. 
Biloxi, 141. 
Greenville, 141-142. 
Holly Springs, 142. 
Jackson, 142-144. 
Meridian, 144-145. 
Vicksburg, 146. 
Wesson, 146-147. 



Natchez, Early times in, 219. 

Natchez Fair Association, 162- 
163. 

Newspapers in Offices of Chan- 
cery Clerks, 139. 

New York Historical Society, 97- 
105. 

New York Public Library, 106. 

New York State Library, 106- 
108. 



Oliver, William, papers of, 253. 
Otey, James Hervey, papers of, 

253. 
Owen, Thomas McAdory, private 

collector, 275. 
Oxford, courts of, 152-155. 



Papers not located, 265-266. 
Papers of Prominent Mississip- 
pians, 231-264. 
Family Eecords, diaries, etc., 

266-268. 
Newspapers in private hands, 

287-289. 
Papers not located, 265-266. 
Private Collectors and Stu- 
dents, 269-286. 
War Eecords, 290-293. 
Parkman, Francis, 53. 
Patterson, Andrew, papers of, 

253. 
Penitentiary, State, 132. 
Pennsylvania Historical Society, 

108-109. 
Pennsylvania University Library, 

109. 
Phares, David Lewis, papers of, 

253. 
Philips, P. W., papers of, 254. 
Poindexter, George, papers of, 

254. 
Poindexter letters and papers, 

218. 
Points and Places of Historic 
Interest in Mississippi, 309- 
386. 
Power, J. L., private collector, 

281. 
Prehistoric remains, published 

accounts of, 297-301. 
Prentiss, Sargeant Smith, pa- 
pers of, 255. 
Private Collectors and Students, 
269-286. 
Newspapers in Private Hands, 

287-289. 
War Eecords, 290-293. 
Professional, Literary and In- 
dustrial Organizations, 156- 
168. 
Bowling Green Co-operative 

Association, 164. 
Bowling Green Grange, No, 

206, 163. 
Gulf States Jersey Cattle 

Breeders' Association, 160. 
Holmes County Grange, 164. 
Jefferson County Planters', 
Mechanics' and Manufactur- 
ers' Association, 161-162. 
Lowndes County Agricultural 

Fair Association, 161. 
Mississippi Bankers' Associa- 
tion, 159-160. 



Index. 



395 



Mississippi Cotton Growers' 
Association, 160. 

Mississippi Exposition Associa- 
tion, 160-161. 

Natchez Fair Association, 162- 
163. 

Mississippi Federation of Wo- 
men's Clubs, 158. 

Mississippi Press Association, 
157-158. 

Mississippi State Grange, 165- 
166. 

Mississippi State Medical Asso- 
ciation, 156-157. 

Eailroads, Eecords of the, 166- 
168. 

Tabernacle Grange, 166. 
Publication of Historical Contri- 
butions, 18. 



Quitman, John Anthony, papers 
of, 255. 



Eailroad Commission's Kecords, 

129-131. 
Eailroads, Eecords of the, 166- 

168. 
Eeceivers, names of, 148. 
Eecommendations, Importance 

of, 43-47 a. 
Eecommendations of Mississippi 

Historical Society, 24-41. 
Eelics in Miss. Dept. Confederate 

Museum, 80-84. 
Eepositories Within State of 
Mississippi, Manuscripts, Pa- 
pers and Documents of, 121- 
293. 
Adjutant General, 135. 
Attorney General, 132. 
Auditor's Eecords, 128. 
Burr, Original warrant for ar- 
rest of, 123. 
Campbell, Judge J. A. P., 121. 
Clark's Proclamation, 122-123. 
Governor's Office, Eecords of, 

127. 
Land Office Eecords, 129. 
Minor's list of records, 123-127. 
New York Herald, 122. 
Eailroad Commission's Eec- 
ords, 129-131. 
Eemoval of State Archives, 121- 

123. 
Secretary of State Eecords, 
127. 



State Board of Health, 133-135. 
State Penitentiary, 132. 
State Eevenue Agents, 131. 
Unassorted Papers in State 
House in Jackson, 123. 
Eeynolds, Eeuben Oscar, papers 

of, 256. 
Eichard, Edouard, 54, 55, 57. 
Eiley, Franklin L., 70. 
Eiley, Franklin L., 121. 
Eiley Franklin, L., 136. 
Eiley, Franklin L., 148. 
Eiley, Franklin L., private col- 
lector, 281. 
Eogers, Francis Marion, papers 

of, 256. 
Eogers, William P., papers of, 

256. 
Eomans, Bernard, 60. 



Sargent, Winthrop, papers of, 
256. 

Scarborough, Isaac Watkins, pa- 
pers of, 257. 

Sears, Claudius Wistar, papers 
of, 257. 

Second Spanish Period, 62-63. 

Seville, Collection at, 52. 

Sevier letters and papers, 219. 

Shields, Joseph Dunbar, papers 
of, 257. 

Singleton, Otho E., papers of, 
258. 

Smithsonian Institution, 109-110. 

Smylie, Eev. Dr. J., Correspond- 
ence of, 221. 

South Carolina State Archives, 
73. 

Spanish Discoverers, 51-52. 

Spanish exploration, 52-53. 

State Archives, 70-74. 
Alabama, 71-72 
Florida, 74. 
Georgia, 72. 

Information, Sources of, 70-71. 
Louisiana, 74. 
South Carolina, 73. 
Tennessee, 73. 

State Archives, removal of, 121- 
123. 

State Board of Health, 133-135. 

State House at Jackson, Unas- 
sorted papers in, 123. 

State Offices, 121-135. 

St. Louis Mercantile Library, 110- 
113. 



Jo¥S"?t 



394 



Mississippi Historical Society. 



Stockdale, Thomas Kingland, pa- 
pers of, 258. 
Stone, John Marshall, papers of, 

258. 



Tabernacle Grange, 166. 
Tennessee Historical Society, 

113-115. 
Tennessee State Archives, 73. 
Texas State Library, 116-117. 
Thompson, Jacob, papers of, 259. 
Thompson, John Wesley, papers 

of, 259. 
Tupper, Tullius Cicero, papers 

of, 260. 



United Confederate Veterans, 21. 



Van Dorn, Earl, papers of, 260. 
Ventress, James Alexander, pri- 
vate collector, 282. 
Vicksburg, 146. 



Wailes, B. L. C, private collec- 
tor, 283. 

Wailes, Benjamin Leonard Cov- 
ington, papers of, 260. 



Wailes, Levi, papers of, 261. 

Walker, Demosthenes, papers of, 
261. 

Watkins, J. A., papers of, 262. 

Wallace, J. H., papers of, 262. 

Ward, William, papers of, 262. 

Walthall, Edward Cary, papers 
of, 262. 

Watkins, John A., private col- 
lector, 286. 

Wesson, 146-147. 

Wesson, James Madison, papers 
of, 262. 

West, A. M., papers of, 263. 

West, Absalom Madden, private 
collector, 284. 

Wharton, Thomas Jesse, private 
collector, 285. 

Whitfield, Francis E., Sr., papers 
of, 263. 

Whitfield, James, papers of, 263. 

White, James M., 136. 

Williams, Eobert, papers of, 263. 

Wisconsin State Historical So- 
ciety, 117. 



Yerger, William, papers of, 264. 
Young, George Hampton, papers 
of, 264. 




014 542 389 2 




